Hdo4000a Operators Manual PDF

Operator's Manual
HDO4000 / HDO4000A
High Definition
Oscilloscopes
HDO4000/HDO4000A High Definition Oscilloscopes Operator's Manual
© 2019 Teledyne LeCroy, Inc. All rights reserved.
Unauthorized duplication of Teledyne LeCroy, Inc. documentation materials is strictly prohibited. Clients are
permitted to duplicate and distribute Teledyne LeCroy, Inc. documentation for internal educational purposes.
Teledyne LeCroy is a trademark of Teledyne LeCroy, Inc., Inc. Other product or brand names are trademarks or
requested trademarks of their respective holders. Information in this publication supersedes all earlier versions.
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
922498 Rev E
January, 2019
Contents
About This Manual iv
Safety iv
Oscilloscope Overview and Set Up 1
Front of Oscilloscope 1
Side of Oscilloscope 2
Back of Oscilloscope 3
Front Panel 4
Signal Interfaces 6
Probes 7
Powering On/Off 7
Software Activation 8
Language Selection 8
Connecting to Other Devices/Systems 9
Using MAUI 11
Touch Screen 11
MAUI with OneTouch 17
Working With Traces 23
Zooming 28
Print/Screen Capture 30
Acquisition 31
Auto Setup 31
Vertical 32
Digital (Mixed Signal) 38
Timebase 43
Trigger 51
Display 61
Display Set Up 62
Persistence Display 64
Cursors 67
Cursor Types 67
Apply and Position Cursors 70
Standard Cursors Dialog 71
XY Cursors Dialog 71
i
Measure 73
Parameter Set Up 74
List of Standard Measurements 77
Measure Table 81
Using Trends 82
Using Tracks 83
Track vs. Trend 84
Math 85
Math Function Set Up 85
List of Standard Math Operators 87
Average Function 89
ERes Function 91
FFT Function 93
Rescale Function 95
Math Dialog 100
Memory 101
Saving Memories 101
Restoring Memories 102
Analysis Tools 103
WaveScan 103
PASS/FAIL Testing 108
Saving Data (File Functions) 111
Save 111
Recall 117
LabNotebook 119
Report Generator 124
Share 125
Print 126
Email & Report Settings 127
Using the File Browser 128
Utilities 131
Utilities Dialog 131
Disk Utilities 137
Preferences Dialogs 138
Maintenance 143
Restart/Reboot Instrument 143
ii
Restore Default Setup 143
Changing Screen Settings 143
Touch Screen Calibration 144
Software and File Management 144
X-StreamDSO Firmware Update 145
Switching Windows Users 146
Technical Support 147
Returning a Product for Service 148
Index 149
iii
About This Manual

Thank you for purchasing a Teledyne LeCroy High Definition Oscilloscope. We're certain you'll be pleased
with the detailed features unique to our instruments.
This manual covers the operation and maintenance of all instruments in the MAUI HDO4000 series,
although HDO4000A is shown here. With the introduction of later versions of the 64-bit MAUI software,
particularly version 8.3 and later, the graphical user interface on some instruments looked very different
from what was offered on earlier instruments and included different touch screen capabilities. Despite the
difference in appearance, however, the functionality is the same unless otherwise stated. Where there are
differences or limitations in capabilities, these are explained in the text.
Documentation for using optional packages sold for Teledyne LeCroy instruments can be downloaded
from teledynelecroy.com/support/techlib.
Our website maintains the most current product specifications and should be checked for updates.
Detailed specifications are listed on the product datasheet.
Note: Specifications are subject to change without notice.
Safety
Observe generally accepted safety procedures in addition to the precautions listed here. The overall
safety of any system incorporating this product is the responsibility of the assembler of the system.
Symbols
These symbols appear on the instrument or in documentation to alert you to important safety concerns:
Caution of potential damage to instrument or Warning of potential bodily injury. Refer to manual. Do
not proceed until the information is fully understood and conditions are met.
Caution, high voltage; risk of electric shock or burn.
Frame or chassis terminal (ground connection).
Alternating current.
Standby power (front of instrument).
iv
Safety
Precautions
Use indoors only .
Use only within the operational environment listed. Do not use in wet or explosive atmospheres.
Maintain ground. The AC inlet ground is connected directly to the frame of the instrument. To avoid
electric shock, connect only to a mating outlet with a safety ground contact.
Caution: Interrupting the protective conductor inside or outside the oscilloscope, or disconnecting
the safety ground terminal, creates a hazardous situation. Intentional interruption is prohibited.
Connect and disconnect properly. Do not connect/disconnect probes, test leads, or cables while they are
connected to a live voltage source.
Observe all terminal ratings. Do not apply a voltage to any input that exceeds the maximum rating of that
input. Refer to the body of the instrument for maximum input ratings.
Use only power cord shipped with this instrument and certified for the country of use.
Keep product surfaces clean and dry. See Cleaning.
Do not remove the covers or inside parts. Refer all maintenance to qualified service personnel.
Exercise care when lifting. Use the built-in carrying handle.
Do not operate with suspected failures. Do not use the product if any part is damaged. Obviously incorrect
measurement behaviors (such as failure to calibrate) might indicate hazardous live electrical quantities.
Cease operation immediately and secure the instrument from inadvertent use.
Operating Environment
Temperature: 5 °C to 40 °C.
Humidity: Maximum relative humidity 90 % up to 31 °C,
decreasing linearly to 50% relative humidity at 40 °C.
Altitude: Up to 10,000 ft (3,048 m) at or below 30 °C.
Measuring Terminal Ratings (C1-C4 and Ext)

Maximum Input Voltage: 50 Ω coupling ≤ 5 Vrms
1 MΩ coupling ≤ 400 Vpk max. (Peak AC ≤ 10 kHz + DC)
derating at 15 dB/decade from 10 kHz to 1.6 MHz,
10 Vpk max.above 1.6 MHz
Caution: Measuring terminals have no rated measurement category per IEC/EN 61010-1:2010.
Measuring terminals are not intended to be connected directly to supply mains.
v
Cooling
The instrument relies on forced air cooling with internal fans and vents. Take care to avoid restricting the
airflow to any part. In a benchtop configuration, leave a minimum of 15 cm (6 inches) around the sides
between the instrument and the nearest object. The feet provide adequate bottom clearance. Follow
rackmount instructions for proper rack spacing.
Caution: Do not block the cooling vents.
The instrument also has internal fan control circuitry that regulates the fan speed based on the ambient
temperature. This is performed automatically after start-up.
Cleaning
Clean only the exterior of the instrument using a soft cloth moistened with water or an isopropyl alcohol
solution. Do not use harsh chemicals or abrasive elements. Under no circumstances submerge the
instrument or allow moisture to penetrate it. Dry the instrument thoroughly before connecting a live
voltage source.
Caution: Unplug the power cord before cleaning. Do not attempt to clean internal parts.
Power
The instrument automatically adapts to the line voltage; manual voltage selection is not required.
AC Power: 100-240 Vrms (± 10%) AC power source at 50/60 Hz (± 5%)

100-120 Vrms (± 10%) AC power source at 400 Hz (± 5%)
Maximum Consumption:* HDO4000A HDO4000
320 W (320 VA) 4CH: 300 W (300 VA), 2CH: 250 W (250 VA)
Nominal Consumption: 200 W (200 VA) 200 W (200 VA)
Standby Consumption: 4W 4W
* All PC peripherals and active probes installed on four channels.
The provided power cord mates to a compatible power inlet on the instrument for making line voltage and
safety ground connections. The AC inlet ground is connected directly to the frame of the instrument. For
adequate protection again electric shock, connect to a mating outlet with a safety ground contact.
Caution: Use only the power cord provided with your instrument. Interrupting the protective
conductor (inside or outside the case), or disconnecting the safety ground terminal, creates a
hazardous situation. Intentional interruption is prohibited.
vi
Oscilloscope Overview and Set Up

Front of Oscilloscope
A. Touch screen display G. Mixed-Signal interface
B. Front panel H. Ground and Calibration output

terminals
C. Stylus holder
I. USB ports
D. Power button
J. Feet rotated back and tilted
E. Channel inputs (C1-4)
F. External trigger input
1
Side of Oscilloscope
A. HDMI and DisplayPort ports for connecting

external monitors
B. USB 3.1 Gen 1 ports (4)
C. Ethernet ports (2) for LAN connection or

remote control
D. Mic and Speaker connection
2
Back of Oscilloscope
A. Built-in carrying handle
B. Auxiliary output
C. Ref In/Out for external reference clock
D. USBTMC port for remote control
E. AC power inlet
3
Front Panel
Front panel controls duplicate functionality available
through the touch screen and are described here only
briefly.
Knobs on the front panel function one way if turned and

another if pushed like a button. The first label describes
the knob’s “turn” action, the second label its “push” action.
Actions performed from the front panel always apply to
the active trace.
Many buttons light to show the active traces and

functions.
Trigger Controls
Level knob changes the trigger threshold level (V). The
level is shown on the Trigger descriptor box. Pushing the
knob sets the trigger level to the 50% point of the input
signal.
READY indicator lights when the trigger is armed. TRIG'D

indicator is lit momentarily when a trigger occurs.
Setup opens/closes the Trigger Setup dialog.
Auto sweeps after a preset time, even if the trigger

conditions are not met.
Normal sweeps each time the trigger signal meets the

trigger conditions.
Single sets Single trigger mode. The first press readies the
oscilloscope to trigger. The second press arms and
triggers the oscilloscope once (single-shot acquisition)
when the input signal meets the trigger conditions.
Stop pauses acquisition. If you boot up the instrument with the trigger in Stop mode, a "No trace available"
message is shown. Press the Auto button to display a trace.
Horizontal Controls
The Delay knob changes the Trigger Delay value (S) when turned. Push the knob to return Delay to zero.
The Horizontal Adjust knob sets the Time/division (S) of the acquisition system when the trace source is
an input channel. The Time/div value is shown on the Timebase descriptor box. When using this control,
the instrument allocates memory as needed to maintain the highest sample rate possible for the timebase
setting. When the trace is a zoom, memory or math function, turn the knob to change the horizontal scale
of the trace, effectively "zooming" in or out. By default, values adjust in 1, 2, 5 step increments. Push the
knob to change to fine increments; push it again to return to stepped increments.
4
Math, Zoom, and Mem(ory) Buttons

The Zoom button creates a quick zoom for each open channel trace. Touch the zoom trace descriptor
box to display the zoom controls.
The Math and Mem(ory) buttons open the corresponding setup dialogs.
If a Zoom, Math or Memory trace is active, the button illuminates to indicate that the Vertical and
Horizontal knobs will now control that trace.
Vertical Controls
Offset knob adjusts the zero level of the trace (making it appear to move up/down relative to the center
axis). The voltage value appears on the trace descriptor box. Push the knob to return Offset to zero.
Gain knob sets vertical scale (V/div). The voltage value appears on the trace descriptor box. By default,
values adjust in 1, 2, 5 step increments. Push the knob to change to fine increments; push it again to return
to stepped increments.
Channel (number) buttons turn on a channel that is off, or activate a channel that is already on. When the
channel is active, pushing its channel button turns it off. A lit button shows the active channel.
Dig button enables digital input through the Digital Leadset on instruments with the Mixed Signal option.
Cursor Controls
Cursors identify specific voltage and time values on a waveform. The white cursor markers help make
these points more visible. A readout of the values appears on the trace descriptor box. There are five
preset cursor types, each with a unique appearance on the display. These are described in more detail in
the Cursors section.
Type selects the cursor type. Continue pressing to cycle through all cursor until the desired type is found.
The type "Off" turns off the cursor display.
Cursor knob repositions the selected cursor when turned. Push it to select a different cursor to adjust.
Adjust and Intensity Controls

The front panel Adjust knob changes the value in active (highlighted) data entry fields that do not have
dedicated knobs. Pushing the Adjust knob toggles between coarse (large increment) or fine (small
increment) adjustments.
When more data is available than can actually be displayed, the Intensity button helps to visualize
significant events by applying an algorithm that dims less frequently occurring samples. This feature can
also be accessed from the Display Setup dialog.
Miscellaneous Controls
Auto Setup performs an Auto Setup.
Default Setup restores the factory default configuration.
5
Print captures the entire screen and outputs it according to your Print settings. It can also be configured to
output a LabNotebook entry.
Touch Screen enables/disables touch screen functionalilty.
Clear Sweeps resets the acquisition counter and any cumulative measurements.
Decode opens the Serial Decode dialog if you have serial data decoder options installed.
WaveScan opens the WaveScan dialog.
Spectrum opens the Spectrum Analyzer dialog if you have that option installed.
History opens the History Mode dialog.
Signal Interfaces
MAUI instruments offer a variety of interfaces for using probes or other devices to input analog or digital
signals. See the oscilloscope product page at teledynelecroy.com for a list of compatible input devices.
ProBus Interface
The ProBus interface contains a 6-pin power and communication connection and a BNC signal connection
to the probe, with sense rings for detecting passive probes. It offers both 50 Ω and 1 MΩ input impedance
and provides probe power and control for a wide range of probes such as high impedance passive probes,
high impedance active probes, current probes, high voltage probes, and differential probes.
The following models utilize the ProBus interface:
Model Channels Input

All HDO4000/HDO4000A 1 to 4 -
The ProBus interface completely integrates the probe with the channel. Upon connecting a Teledyne
LeCroy probe, the probe type is recognized and some setup information, such as input coupling and
attenuation, is performed automatically. This information is displayed on the Probe Dialog, behind the
Channel (Cn) dialog. System (probe plus instrument) gain settings are automatically calculated and
displayed based on the probe attenuation.
The ProBus interface may have a BNC-terminated cable connected directly to it. Depending on the BNC
connector used and the oscilloscope design, it is rated for up to 4 GHz with 50 Ω coupling, or up to 1 GHz
for 1 MΩ coupling.
Other Analog Inputs

REF In can be used to input an external reference clock signal.
EXT can be used to input an external trigger pulse.
These inputs have a simple BNC interface with no power supply. See your product datasheet for voltage
and frequency ratings, as they vary by model.
6
Mixed Signal Input

The digital leadset shipped with -MS model oscilloscopes connects to the Mixed Signal Input on the front
of the oscilloscope to input of up-to-16 lines of digital data. Physical lines can be preconfigured into
different logical groups, Digitaln, corresponding to a bus and renamed appropriately depending on the
group. The transitions for each line may be viewed through different displays.
See Digital Setup Using the Digital Leadset for detailed instructions.
Probes
The oscilloscope is compatible with the included passive probes and most Teledyne LeCroy active probes
that are rated for the instrument’s bandwidth. Probe specifications and documentation are available at
teledynelecroy.com/probes.
Passive Probes
The passive probes supplied are matched to the input impedance of the instrument but may need further
compensation. Follow the directions in the probe instruction manual to compensate the frequency
response of the probes.
Active Probes
Teledyne LeCroy offers a variety of active probes for use with your oscilloscope:
l Single-Ended active probes can measure voltages at high frequencies. Use of an active probe
requires a test point and a ground point. The ground (also called earth) acts as a zero reference for
the test point measurement.
l Differential Probes are like two probes in one. Instead of measuring a test point in relation to a ground
point, differential probes measure the difference in voltage of two test points.
Most active probes match probe to oscilloscope response automatically using probe response data stored
in an on-board EEPROM. This ensures the best possible combined probe plus oscilloscope channel
frequency response without the need to perform any de-embedding procedure.
Be aware that many active probes require a minimum oscilloscope firmware version to be fully
operational. See the probe documentation.
Powering On/Off
Press the Power button to turn on the instrument. The X-Stream application loads automatically
when you use the Power button.
The safest way to power down the oscilloscope is to use the File > Shutdown menu option, which will
always execute a proper shut down process and preserve settings. Quickly pressing the Power button
should also execute a proper shut down, but holding the Power button will execute a “hard” shut down (as
on a computer), which we do not recommend doing because it does not allow the Windows operating
system to close properly, and setup data may be lost. Never power off by pulling the power cord from the
socket, or by powering off a connected power strip or battery without first shutting down properly.
7
The Power button does not disconnect the instrument from the AC power supply. The only way to fully
power down the instrument is to unplug the AC power cord.
We recommend unplugging the instrument if it will remain unused for a long period of time.
Caution: Do not change the instrument’s Windows® Power Options setting from the default Never
to System Standby or System Hibernate. Doing so can cause the system to fail.
Caution: Do not power on or calibrate with a signal attached.
Software Activation
The operating software (firmware and standard applications) is active upon delivery. At power-up, the
instrument loads the software automatically.
Free firmware updates are available periodically from the Teledyne LeCroy website at:
teledynelecroy.com/support/softwaredownload
Registered users can receive an email notification when a new update is released. Follow the instructions
in Firmware Update to download and install the software.
HDO4000 oscilloscopes are delivered with 30-day-trial licenses of some available software option
packages. To activate a trial package:
1. Go to Utililties > Utilities Setup > Options.
2. Select a key from the Installed Option Keys list.
3. Touch the Activate Demo Key button at the right of the screen.
A reminder will appear whenever you reboot the oscilloscope without activating demo keys.
If after your trial has ended you decide to purchase an option, you will receive a license key via email that
activates the optional features. See Options for instructions on activating optional software packages.
Language Selection
To change the language of the oscilloscope application:
1. Go to Utilities > Preference Setup > Preferences and make a Language selection.
2. Follow the prompt to restart the application.
You can also select by touching the Language icon when it appears to the far right of the
menu bar upon start up.
8
Connecting to Other Devices/Systems

Use the menu options listed below to configure connections to other devices.
LAN
The instrument is preset to accept a DHCP network address over a TCP/IP connection. Connect a cable
from an Ethernet port on the side panel to a network access device. Go to Utilities > Utilities Setup >
Remote to find the IP address.
To assign a static IP address, choose Net Connections from the Remote dialog. Use the standard
Windows networking dialogs to configure the device address.
Choose File > File Sharing and open the Email & Report Settings dialog to configure email settings.
Audio/USB Peripherals
Connect the device to the appropriate port on the front or side of the instrument. These connections are
"plug-and-play" and do not require any additional configuration.
Printer
MAUI oscilloscopes support USB printers compatible with the instrument's Windows OS. Go to File > Print
Setup and select Printer to configure printer settings. Select Properties to open the Windows Print dialog.
External Monitor
You may operate the instrument using the built-in touch screen or attach an external monitor for extended
desktop operation. See your product datasheet for the supported monitor resolution.
Connect the monitor cable to a video output on the instrument. You can use an adaptor if the monitor
cable has a different interface. Go to Display > Display Setup > Open Monitor Control Panel to configure
the display. Be sure to select the instrument as the primary monitor.
To use the Extend Grids feature, configure the second monitor to extend, not duplicate, the oscilloscope
display. If the external monitor is touch screen enabled, the MAUI user interface can be controlled through
touch on the external monitor.
Note: The oscilloscope display utilizes Fujitsu touch-screen drivers. Because of conflicts, external
monitors with Fujitsu drivers can not be used to control the system, only as displays.
Remote Control
Go to Utilities > Utilities Setup > Remote to configure remote control. Connect the oscilloscope to the
network/controller using the cable type required by your selection.
l VICP( TCP/IP) and VXI-11(LXI) over Ethernet are supported standard, as is USBTMC.
l GPIB is supported with the use of the optional USB-GPIB adapter.
9
Note: If using TCP/IP, you can connect over the LAN or directly to the controller. Be sure the
oscilloscope is on the same subnet as the controller. Depending on the host, you may need to use
a cross-over cable to make a direct connection.
Reference Clock
To input/output a reference clock signal, connect to the other instrument. Go to Timebase > Horizontal
Setup > Reference Clock to configure the clock.
Auxiliary Output
To output signal from the instrument to another device, connect a BNC cable from Aux Out to the other
device. Go to Utilities > Utilities Setup > Aux Output to configure the output.
10
Using MAUI
Using MAUI
MAUI, the Most Advanced User Interface, is Teledyne LeCroy's unique oscilloscope user interface. MAUI is
designed for touch—all important controls for vertical, horizontal, and trigger are only one touch away.
Touch Screen
The touch screen is the principal viewing and control center. The entire display area is active: use your
finger or a stylus (not included) to touch, drag, swipe, or draw a selection box.
Many controls that display information also work as “buttons” to access other functions. If you have a
mouse installed, you can click anywhere you can touch to activate a control; in fact, you can alternate
between clicking and touching, whichever is convenient for you.
The touch screen is divided into the following major control groups:
Menu bar
Grid
Descriptor boxes
Dialogs
Message bar
Menu Bar
The top of the window contains a complete menu of functions. Making a selection here changes the
dialogs displayed at the bottom of the screen.
While many operations can also be performed from the front panel or launched via the descriptor boxes,
the menu bar is the best way to access dialogs for Save/Recall (File) functions, Display functions, Status,
LabNotebook, Pass/Fail setup, optional Analysis packages, and Utilities/Preferences setup.
If an action can be “undone”, the Undo button restores the oscilloscope to the prior state.
11
Grid
The grid displays the waveform traces. Every grid is 8 Vertical divisions representing the full number of
4096 Vertical levels possible at the current resolution and 10 Horizontal divisions each representing
acquisition time. The value represented by Vertical and Horizontal divisions depends on the Vertical and
Horizontal scale of the traces that appear on the grid.
Multi-Grid Display
The screen can be divided into multiple grid configurations, each grid showing different types and
numbers of traces (in Auto Grid mode, it will divide automatically as needed). Regardless of the number
and orientation of grids, every grid always represents the same number of Vertical levels. Therefore,
absolute Vertical measurement precision is maintained.
Different types of traces opening in a multi-grid display.
12
Using MAUI
Grid Indicators
These indicators appear around or on the grid to mark important points on the display. They are matched
to the color of the trace to which they apply. When multiple traces appear on the same grid, indicators
refer to the foreground trace—the one that appears on top of the others.
Axis labels mark the times/units represented by a grid division. They update dynamically
as you pan the trace or change the Vertical/Horizontal scale. Originally shown in absolute
values, the labels change to show delta from 0 (center) when the number of significant
digits grows too large. The number of labels that appear on each grid depends on the total
number of grids open. To remove them, go to Display > Display Setup and deselect Axis
Labels.
Trigger Time, a small triangle along the bottom (horizontal) edge of the grid, shows the
time of the trigger. Unless Horizontal Delay is set, this indicator is at the zero (center) point
of the grid. Delay time is shown at the top right of the Timebase descriptor box.
Pre/Post-trigger Delay, a small arrow to the bottom left or right of the grid, indicates that a
pre- or post-trigger Delay has shifted the Trigger Position indicator to a point in time not dis-
played on the grid. All Delay values are shown on the Timebase Descriptor Box.
Trigger Level at the right edge of the grid tracks the trigger voltage level. If you change the
trigger level when in Stop trigger mode, or in Normal or Single mode without a valid trigger,
a hollow triangle of the same color appears at the new trigger level. The trigger level indic-
ator is not shown if the triggering channel is not displayed.
Zero Volts Level is located at the left edge of the grid. One appears for each open trace on
the grid, sharing the number and color of the trace.
Cursor markers appear over the grid to indicate specific voltage and time values on the
waveform. Drag-and-drop cursor markers to quickly reposition them.
Grid Intensity
You can adjust the brightness of the grid lines by going to Display > Display Setup and entering a new Grid
Intensity percentage. The higher the number, the brighter and bolder the grid lines.
13
Descriptor Boxes
Trace descriptor boxes appear just beneath the grid whenever a trace is turned on. They function to:
l Inform—descriptors summarize the current trace settings and its activity status.
l Navigate—touch the descriptor box once to activate the trace, again to open the setup dialog.
l Configure—drag-and-drop descriptor boxes to change source or copy setups.
Trace Descriptor Box

Channel trace descriptor boxes correspond to analog signal inputs. They show
(clockwise from top left): Channel Number, Pre-processing list, Coupling, Vertical Scale
(gain) setting, Vertical Offset setting, Sweeps Count (when averaging), Vertical Cursor
positions, and Number of Segments (when in Sequence mode).
Codes are used to indicate pre-processing that has been applied to the input. The short
form is used when several processes are in effect.
Pre-processing Symbols on Descriptor Boxes
Pre-Processing Type Long Form Short Form

Coupling DC50, DC1M, AC1M or GND D50, D1, A1 or G
Bandwidth Limiting BWL B
Averaging AVG A
(Sinx)/x Interpolation / SINX / ESR S/E
Enhanced Sample Rate
Deskew DSQ DQ
Noise Filter (ERes) FLT F
Inversion INV I
If you are interleaving channels, channel descriptor boxes will show the channel's overall acquisition
status: trigger only, active, or not active.
Similar descriptor boxes appear for math (Fn), zoom (Zn), memory (Mn) and sensor
(SEn) traces (if your system includes a SAM40 Sensor Acquisition Module). These
descriptor boxes show any Horizontal scaling that differs from the signal timebase.
Units will be automatically adjusted for the type of trace.
Timebase and Trigger Descriptor Boxes

The Timebase descriptor box shows: (clockwise from top right)
Horizontal Delay, Time/div, Sample Rate, Number of Samples and
Sampling Mode (blank when in real-time mode).
The Trigger descriptor box shows: (clockwise from top right) Source
and Coupling, Level (V), Slope/Polarity, Type and Mode.
Horizontal (time) cursor readout, including the time between cursors and the frequency, is shown beneath
the TimeBase and Trigger descriptor boxes. See the Cursors section for more information.
14
Using MAUI
Dialogs
Dialogs appear at the bottom of the display for entering setup data. The top dialog will be the main entry
point for the selected functionality. For convenience, related dialogs appear as a series of tabs behind the
main dialog. Touch the tab to open the dialog.
Right-Hand Subdialogs
At times, your selections will require more settings than can fit on one dialog, or the task invites further
action, such as zooming a new trace. In that case, subdialogs will appear to the right of the dialog. These
subdialog settings always apply to the object that is being configured on the left-hand dialog.
Action Toolbar
Several setup dialogs contain a toolbar at the bottom of the dialog. These buttons enable you to perform
commonplace tasks—such as turning on a measurement—without having to leave the underlying dialog.
Toolbar actions always apply to the active trace.
Measure opens the Measure pop-up to set measurement parameters on the active trace.
Zoom creates a zoom trace of the active trace.
Math opens the Math pop-up to apply math functions to the active trace and create a new math trace.
Decode opens the main Serial Decode dialog where you configure and apply serial data decoders and
triggers. This button is only active if you have serial data software options installed.
Store loads the active trace into the corresponding memory location (C1, F1 and Z1 to M1; C2, F2 and Z2
to M2, etc.).
Find Scale performs a vertical scaling that fits the waveform into the grid.
Label opens the Label pop-up to annotate the active trace.
15
Message Bar
At the bottom of the oscilloscope display is a narrow message bar. The current date and time are
displayed at the far right. Status, error, or other messages are also shown at the far left, where "Teledyne
LeCroy" normally appears.
You will see the word "Processing..." highlighted with red at the right of the message bar when the
oscilloscope is processing your last acquisition or calculating.
This will be especially evident when you change an acquisition setting that affects the ADC configuration
while in Normal or Auto trigger mode, such as changing the Vertical Scale, Offset, or Bandwidth. Traces
may briefly disappear from the display while the oscilloscope is processing.
16
Using MAUI
MAUI with OneTouch

Touch, drag, swipe, pinch and flick can be used to create and change setups with one touch. Just as you
change the display by using the setup dialogs, you can change the setups by moving different display
objects. Use the setup dialogs to refine OneTouch actions to precise values.
As you drag & drop objects, valid targets are outlined with a white box. When you're moving over invalid
targets, you'll see the "Null" symbol ( Ø ) under your finger tip or cursor.
Turn On
To turn on a new channel, math, memory, or zoom trace, drag any descriptor box of the same type to the
Add New ("+") box. The next trace in the series will be added to the display at the default settings. It is now
the active trace.
If there is no descriptor box of the desired type on the screen to drag, touch the Add New box and choose
the trace type from the pop-up menu.
To turn on the Measure table when it is closed, touch the Add New box and choose Measurement.
Activate
Touch a trace or its descriptor box to activate it and bring it to the foreground. When the descriptor box
appears highlighted in blue, front panel controls and touch screen gestures apply to that trace.
17
Copy Setups
To copy the setup of one trace to another of the same type (e.g., channel to channel, math to math), drag-
and-drop the source descriptor box onto the target descriptor box.
To copy the setup of a measurement (Pn), drag-and-drop the source column onto the target column of the
Measure table.
Change Source
To change the source of a trace, drag-and-drop the descriptor box of the desired source onto the target
descriptor box. You can also drop it on the Source field of the target setup dialog.
To change the source of a measurement, drag-and-drop the descriptor box of the desired source onto the
parameter (Pn) column of the Measure table.
18
Using MAUI
Position Cursors
To change cursor measurement time/level, drag cursor markers to new positions on the grid. The cursor
readout will update immediately.
To place horizontal cursors on zooms or other calculated traces where the source Horizontal Scale has
forced cursors off the grid, drag the cursor readout from below the Timebase descriptor to the grid where
you wish to place the cursors. The cursors are set at the 2.5 and 7.5 divisions of the grid. Cursors on the
source traces adjust position accordingly.
Change Trigger
To change the trigger level, drag the Trigger Level indicator to a new position on the Y axis. The Trigger
descriptor box will show the new voltage Level.
To change the trigger source channel, drag-and-drop the desired channel (Cn) descriptor box onto the
Trigger descriptor box. The trigger will revert to the coupling and slope/polarity last set on that channel.
19
Store to Memory
To store a trace to internal memory, drag-and-drop its trace descriptor box onto the target memory (Mn)
descriptor box.
Move Trace
To move a trace to a different grid, drag-and-drop the trace descriptor box onto the target grid.
This feature is not available on WaveSurfer 510.
Scroll
To scroll long lists of values or readout tables, swipe the selection dialog or table in an up or down direction.
20
Using MAUI
Pan/Swipe Trace
To pan a trace, activate it to bring it to the forefront, then drag the waveform trace right/left or up/down. If
it is the source of any other trace, that trace will move, as well.
For channel traces, the Timebase descriptor box will show the new Horizontal Delay value. For other
traces, the zoom factor controls show the new Horizontal Center.
Tip: If you are using the multi-zoom feature, all time-locked traces will pan together.
To pan at an accelerated rate, swipe the trace right/left or up/down.
Turn Off
To turn off a trace, flick the trace descriptor box toward the bottom of the screen.
21
Zoom
To create a new zoom trace, touch then drag diagonally to draw a selection box around the portion of the
trace you want to zoom. Touch the Zn descriptor box to open the zoom factor controls and adjust the
zoom exactly.
To "zoom in" on any trace, unpinch two fingers over the trace horizontally.
To "zoom out" on any trace, pinch two fingers over the trace horizontally.
Note: Pinch to Zoom is not available on LabMaster models.
Note: Pinch gestures do not create a separate zoom (Zn) trace, they only adjust the Horizontal
Scale. When you pinch a channel (Cn) trace, the Timebase for all channels changes. If the trace is
the source of any other, all its dependent traces change, as well.
22
Using MAUI
Working With Traces

Traces are the visible representations of waveforms that appear on the display grid. They may show live
inputs (Cn, Digitaln, SEn), a math function applied to a waveform (Fn), a stored memory of a waveform
(Mn), a zoom of a waveform (Zn), or the processing results of special analysis software.
Traces are a touch screen object like any other and can be manipulated. They can be panned, moved,
labeled, zoomed and captured in different visual formats for printing/reporting.
Each visible trace will have a descriptor box summarizing its principal configuration settings. See
OneTouch Help for more information about how you can use traces and trace descriptor boxes to modify
your configurations.
Active Trace
Although several traces may be open, only one trace is active and can be adjusted using front panel
controls and touch screen gestures. A highlighted descriptor box indicates which trace is active. All
actions apply to that trace until you activate another. Touch the trace descriptor box to make it the active
trace (and the foreground trace in that grid).
Active trace descriptor (left), inactive trace descriptor (right).
Whenever you activate a trace, the dialog at the bottom of the screen automatically switches to the
appropriate setup dialog.
Active descriptor box matches active dialog tab.
Foreground Trace
Since multiple traces can be opened on the same grid, the trace shown on top of the others is the
foreground trace. Grid indicators (matched to the input channel color) represent values for the foreground
trace.
Touch a trace or its descriptor box to bring it to the foreground. This also makes it the active trace.
Note that a foreground trace may not be the same as the active trace. A trace in a separate grid may
subsequently become the active trace, but the indicators on a given grid will still represent the foreground
trace in that group.
23
Turning On/Off Traces

Turn On/Off Analog Trace
From the front panel, press the Channel button.
From the touch screen, choose Vertical > Channel x Setup.
You can also touch the Add New box and select Channel, or drag another Channel (Cn) descriptor box to
the Add New box.
To turn off a trace, press the front panel Channel button a second time, or from the touch screen, do any
of the following:
l If the instrument has OneTouch, flick the trace descriptor box toward the bottom of the screen.
l From the Context menu select Off.
l Clear the "Trace On" box on the Channel Setup or Cn dialogs.
Turn On/Off Digital Trace

From the front panel, press the Dig button, then check Group on the Digitaln dialog.
From the touch screen, choose Vertical > Digitaln Setup then check Group on the Digitaln dialog.
Turn off the trace the same as you would an analog trace.
Turn On/Off Zoom Trace

See Creating Zooms.
Turn On/Off Other Trace

To turn on traces, use the respective setup dialogs (Math, Memory, etc.).
On instruments with OneTouch, touch the Add New box and select the trace type, or drag another
descriptor box of that type to the Add New box (e.g., drag M1 to Add New to turn on a the next available
memory trace).
Turn off the trace the same as you would an analog trace.
24
Using MAUI
Adjusting Traces
To adjust Vertical Scale (gain or sensitivity) and Vertical Offset, just activate the trace and use the front
panel Vertical knobs. To make other adjustments—such as channel pre-processing or the math function
rescaling—touch the trace descriptor box twice to open the appropriate setup dialog.
Adjusting Trace Settings

Many entries can be made by selecting from the pop-up that appears when you touch a
control. When an entry field appears highlighted in blue after touching, it is active and can
be adjusted by turning the front panel knobs. Fields that don't have a dedicated knob (as
do Vertical Level and Horizontal Delay) can be modified using the Adjust knob.
If you have a keyboard installed, you can type entries in an active

(highlighted) data entry field. Or, you can touch again, then "type"
the entry by touching keys on the virtual keypad or keyboard.
To use the virtual keypad, touch the soft keys exactly as you
would a calculator. When you touch OK, the calculated value is
entered in the field.
Trace Context Menu

The trace context menu is a pop-up menu of actions to apply to a trace, such as
turn off, measure or label.
To open the trace context menu, touch and hold on the trace descriptor box until
a white circle appears (or right-click with a mouse).
25
Moving Traces
Use any of these methods to move traces from grid to grid. See OneTouch Help for ways to pan traces
within the same grid.
Drag-and-Drop
You can move a trace from one grid to another by dragging its descriptor box to the desired grid. This is a
convenient way to quickly re-arrange traces on the display.
If you are in Q-Scape display mode, you can drag the descriptor box to a grid on another tab, provided the
grid is visible while you are moving the trace. For example, you cannot drag descriptors across tabs in Q-
Scape Single mode, because the target grids aren't visible, but you can in Q-Scape Dual or Q-Scape
Mosaic modes. This is true even in extended display. For more information, see Display.
Next Grid Button

Touch twice on the descriptor box of the trace you want moved to open the setup dialog, then touch the
Next Grid action toolbar button at the bottom of the dialog. You can also touch and hold (right-click) the
trace descriptor box and choose Next Grid from the context menu.
Note: If only one grid is open, a second grid opens automatically when you select Next Grid.
26
Using MAUI
Labeling Traces
The Label function gives you the ability to add custom annotations to the trace display.
Once placed, labels can be moved to new positions or hidden while remaining
associated with the trace.
Create Label
1. Select Label from the context menu, or touch the Label Action toolbar button on the trace setup
dialog.
2. On the Trace Annotation pop-up, touch Add Label.
3. Enter the Label Text.
4. Optionally, enter the Horizontal Pos. and Vertical Pos. (in same units as the trace) at which to place
the label. The default position is 0 ns horizontal. Use Trace Vertical Position places the label
immediately above the trace.
Reposition Label
Drag-and-drop labels to reposition them, or change the position settings on the Trace Annotation pop-up.
Edit/Remove Label
On the Trace Annotation pop-up, select the Label from the list. Change the settings as desired, or touch
Remove Label to delete it.
Clear View labels to hide all labels. They will remain in the list.
27
Zooming
Zooms magnify a selected region of a trace by altering the Horizontal Scale relative to the source trace.
Zooms may be created in several ways, using either the front panel or the touch screen. You can adjust
zooms the same as any other trace using the front panel Vertical and Horizontal knobs or the touch screen
zoom factor controls.
The current settings for each zoom trace can be seen on the Zn dialogs.
Zn Dialog
Each Zn dialog reflects the center and scale for that zoom. Use it to adjust the zoom magnification.
Trace Controls
Trace On shows/hides the zoom trace. It is selected by default when the zoom is created.
Source lets you change the source for this zoom to any channel, math, or memory trace while maintaining
all other settings.
Segment Controls
These controls are used in Sequence Sampling Mode.
Zoom Factor Controls

l Out and In buttons increase/decrease zoom magnification and consequently change the Horizontal
and Vertical Scale settings. Touch either button until you've achieved the desired level.
l Var.checkbox enables zooming in single increments.
l Horizontal Scale/div sets the time represented by each horizontal division of the grid. It is the
equivalent of Time/div in channel traces.
l Vertical Scale/div sets the voltage level represented by each vertical division of the grid; it's the
equivalent of V/div in channel traces.
l Horizontal/Vertical Center sets the time/voltage at the center of the grid. The horizontal center is the
same for all zoom traces.
l Reset Zoom returns the zoom to x1 magnification.
28
Using MAUI
Creating Zooms
Any type of trace can be zoomed by creating a new zoom trace (Zn) following the procedures here. Zoom
traces open in the same grid, with the zoomed portion of the source trace highlighted.
Note: On most instruments with OneTouch, traces can be "zoomed" by pinching/unpinching two
fingers over the trace, but this method does not create a separate zoom trace. With channel
traces, pinching will alter the acquisition timebase and the scale of all traces. Create a separate
zoom trace if you do not wish to do this.
Zoomed area of original trace highlighted. Zoom in new grid below.
Quick Zoom
Use the front panel Zoom button to quickly create one zoom trace for each displayed channel trace. Quick
zooms are created at the same vertical scale as the source trace and 10:1 horizontal magnification.
To turn off the quick zooms, press the Zoom button again.
Manually Create Zoom

To manually create a zoom, touch-and-drag diagonally to draw a selection box
around any part of the source trace.
The zoom will resize the selected area to fit the full width of the grid. The degree
of vertical and horizontal magnification, therefore, depends on the size of the
rectangle that you draw.
Alternatively, with OneTouch you can drag any Zn descriptor box over the Add
New box, or touch the Add New box and choose Zoom from the pop-up menu. The
next available zoom trace opens with its Zn dialog displayed for you to modify
scale as needed.
Finally, you can create a Zoom math function. This method creates a new Fn
trace, rather than a new Zn trace, but it can be rescaled in the same manner. It is a way to create more
zooms than you have Zn slots available on your instrument.
29
Adjust Zoom Scale

The zoom's Horizontal units will differ from the signal timebase because the zoom is showing a calculated
scale, not a measured level. This allows you to adjust the zoom factor using the front panel knobs or the
zoom factor controls however you like without affecting the timebase (a characteristic shared with math
and memory traces).
Close Zoom
New zooms are turned on and visible by default. If the display becomes too crowded, you can close a
particular zoom and the zoom settings are saved in its Zn slot, ready to be turned on again when desired.
To close the zoom, right-click (touch-and-hold until the white circle appears) on the zoom descriptor box,
then from the context menu choose Off.
Print/Screen Capture
The front panel Print button captures an image of the touch screen and outputs it according to your Print
settings. It can be used to save a LabNotebook, create an image file of waveform traces, or send the
image to a networked printer, etc.
The Printer icon at the right of the Print dialog will also execute your print setting.
Print may be used as a screen capture tool by going to File > Print Setup and selecting to print to File, then
choosing a graphical format and naming scheme with your Screen Image Preferences. Once configured,
just press the Print button or Printer icon, and optionally annotate the image.
You can also use the touch screen to generate a screen capture by choosing File > Save > Screen image
and touching Save Now at the right of the dialog. The file is saved using your latest Screen Image
Preferences settings.
30
Acquisition
Acquisition
The acquisition settings include everything required to produce a visible trace on screen and an acquisition
record that may be saved for later processing and analysis:
l Vertical axis scale at which to show the input signal, and probe characteristics that affect the signal
l Horizontal axis scale at which to represent time, sampling mode and sampling rate
l Acquisition trigger mechanism
Optional acquisition settings include bandwidth filters and pre-processing effects, vertical offset, and
horizontal trigger delay, all of which affect the appearance and position of the waveform trace.
All current acquisition settings can be viewed through the various Status dialogs. Access them by
choosing the Status option from the Vertical, Timebase, Trigger, Math, or Analysis menus.
Auto Setup
Auto Setup configures the essential acquisition settings based on the first input signal it finds, starting with
C1. If nothing is connected to C1, it searches C2 and so forth until it finds a signal. Vertical Scale (V/div),
Offset, Timebase (Time/div), and Trigger are set to an Edge trigger on the first, non-zero-level amplitude,
with the entire waveform visible for at least 10 cycles over 10 horizontal divisions.
To run Auto Setup:
1. Press the front panel Auto Setup button, or choose Auto Setup from the Vertical, Timebase, or
Trigger menus (these all perform the same function).
2. To confirm, press the Auto Setup button again, or use the touch screen display.
After running Auto Setup, you'll see the words "Auto Setup" next to an Undo button at the far right of the
menu bar. This allows you to restore the settings in place prior to the Auto Setup.
Caution: You will undo all new measurements or math function definitions entered since the Auto
Setup when you Undo the Auto Setup.
31
Vertical
Vertical, also called Channel, settings usually relate to voltage level and control traces along the Y axis.
Note: While Digital settings can be accessed through the Vertical menu on Mixed Signal
oscilloscopes, they are handled quite differently. See Digital.
The amount of voltage displayed by one vertical division of the grid, or Vertical Scale (V/div), is most
quickly adjusted by using the front panel Vertical knob. The Cn descriptor box always shows the current
Vertical Scale setting.
Detailed configuration for each trace is done on the Cn dialogs. Once configured, channel traces can be
quickly turned on/off or modified using the Channel Setup dialog.
Channel Setup Dialog

Use the Channel Setup dialog to quickly make basic Vertical settings for all analog input channels. To
access the Channel Setup dialog, choose Vertical > Channel Setup from the menu bar.
To turn on/off the channel trace, select/deselect the checkbox.
To change the trace color, touch the color block, then choose the new color from the pop-up.
To change any other Vertical settings, touch the input field and enter the new value.
You can also touch Copy Channel Setup and select the channels to Copy From and Copy To.
Tip: On instruments with OneTouch, you can copy settings from one channel to another just by
dragging the source channel descriptor box onto the target channel descriptor box.
32
Acquisition
Cn (Channel) Dialog
Full vertical setup is done on the Cn dialog. To access it, choose Vertical > Channeln Setup from the menu
bar, or touch the Channel descriptor box.
The Cn dialog contains:
l Vertical settings for Scale (V/div), Offset, Coupling, Bandwidth, and probe Attenuation
l Units/Rescale settings
l Pre-processing settings, such as Noise Filter and Interpolation.
If a Teledyne LeCroy probe is connected, its Probe dialog appears to the right of the Cn dialog.
Vertical Settings
The Trace On checkbox turns on/off the channel trace.
Vertical Scale sets the gain (sensitivity) in the selected Vertical units, Volts by default. Select Variable Gain
for fine adjustment or leave the checkbox clear for fixed 1, 2, 5, 10-step adjustments.
Offset adds a defined value of DC offset to the signal as acquired by the input channel. This may be helpful
in order to display a signal on the grid while maximizing the vertical height (gain) of the signal. A negative
value of offset will "subtract" a DC voltage value from the acquired signal (and move the trace down on the
grid) whereas a positive value will do the opposite. Touch Zero Offset to return to zero.
A variety of Bandwidth filters are available. To limit bandwidth, select a filter from this field.
Coupling may be set to DC 50 Ω, DC1M, AC1M or GROUND.
Caution: The maximum input voltage depends on the input used. Limits are displayed on the body
of the instrument. Whenever the voltage exceeds this limit, the coupling mode automatically
switches to GROUND. You then have to manually reset the coupling to its previous state. While the
unit does provide this protection, damage can still occur if extreme voltages are applied.
Probe Attenuation
Probe Attenuation values for third-party probes may be entered manually on the Cn dialog. The instrument
will detect it is a third-party probe and display these fields.
When a Teledyne LeCroy probe is connected to a channel input, the Attenuation field becomes a button to
access the Probe dialog, a tab added to the right of the Cn tab. Enter Attenuation on the Probe dialog.
33
Rescale Settings
The rescale settings provide the same capability as the Rescale math function (y=ax+b, where the original
value is x, Units/V is a, and Add is b), only applied directly to the channel trace rather than to a separate
function trace.
Enter the number of units equal to 1 Volt in Units/V and any additive constant in Add.
Vertical Units may be changed from Volts (V) to Amperes (A) or Other units of measure. This is useful
when using a third-party current probe (which is not auto-detected) or when probing across a current
sensor/resistor.
Pre-Processing Settings
Pre-processing functions modify the acquired signal prior to display, math and measurement processing.
Averaging
Average performs continuous averaging, the repeated addition, with unequal weight, of successive source
waveforms. It is particularly useful for reducing noise on signals drifting very slowly in time or amplitude.
The most recently acquired waveform has more weight than all the previously acquired ones: the
continuous average is dominated by the statistical fluctuations of the most recently acquired waveform.
The weight of old waveforms in the continuous average gradually tends to zero (following an exponential
rule) at a rate that decreases as the weight increases. .
Interpolation / Enhanced Sample Rate

Interpolate applies (Sinx)/x interpolation to the waveform. The selection of None or Linear applies Linear
interpolation, which inserts a straight line between sample points and is best used to reconstruct straight-
edged signals such as square waves. (Sinx)/x interpolation, on the other hand, is suitable for
reconstructing curved or irregular wave shapes, especially when the sample rate is 3 to 5 times the
system bandwidth. Choose an upsample factor of 2 or more points. The Interpolation setting is disabled .
On HDO "A" models, this setting is called Enhanced Sample Rate and appears disabled when using a
sample rate greater than 2.5 GS/s, as the system automatically sets the upsample factor according to
your sample rate. Only when the sample rate is below this can you choose an upsample factor or use
Linear interpolation (None).
Note: 10 point Sinx/x interpolation can be set via IEEE 488.2 remote control or COM Automation.
Deskew
Deskew adjusts the horizontal time offset by the amount entered in order to compensate for propagation
delays caused by different probes or cable lengths. The valid range is dependent on the current timebase
setting. The Deskew pre-processing setting and the Deskew math function perform the same action.
ERes / Noise Filter

Noise Filter applies Enhanced Resolution (ERes) filtering to increase vertical resolution, allowing you to
distinguish closely spaced voltage levels. The tradeoff is reduced bandwidth. ERes functions similarly to
smoothing the signal with a simple, moving-average filter. It is best used on single-shot acquisitions,
acqusitions where the data record is slowly repetitive (and you cannot use averaging), or to reduce noise
when your signal is noticeably noisy but you do not need to perform noise measurements. It also may be
34
Acquisition
used when performing high-precision voltage measurements and zooming with high vertical gain, for
example. ERes is disabled.
Inversion
Invert changes the apparent polarity of the signal, substituting an equivalent negative value for a positive
one, and vice versa, so that the waveform appears to be "flipped" on screen.
Probe Dialog
The Probe Dialog immediately to the right of the Cn dialog displays the probe attributes and (depending on
the probe type) allows you to AutoZero, DeGauss and make tip selection for probes from the touch screen.
Other settings may appear, as well, depending on the probe model.
Caution: Remove probes from the circuit under test before initializing Auto Zero or DeGauss.
Power On initiates power to active probes via the oscilloscope interface.
LED Active turns on AutoColor ID if the probe has this feature. The LED on the probe body will light in the
color of the channel to which the probe is connected.
Auto Zero corrects for DC offset drifts that naturally occur from thermal effects in the amplifier of active
probes. Teledyne LeCroy probes incorporate Auto Zero capability to remove the DC offset from the
probe's amplifier output to improve the measurement accuracy.
The Degauss control is activated for some types of probes (e.g., current probes). Degaussing eliminates
residual magnetization from the probe core caused by external magnetic fields or by excessive input. It is
recommended to always Degauss probes prior to taking a measurement.
On oscilloscopes running firmware version 8.5.1.1 or later, HVD3000 probes set attenuation relative to the
oscilloscope’s V/div setting and your Voltage Range selection:
l Auto will automatically raise the attenuation when the V/div setting is >7.9 V/div or lower the
attenuation when the V/div is <7.9 V/div. As a result, the probe can automatically adjust attenuation
to properly view the input waveform.
l Lock to High locks attenuation to the highest setting, regardless of the V/div setting. Maintaining a
high attenuation will allow small signals on a larger voltage waveform to be accurately measured.
35
Sensor Setup
If your system includes a SAM40 Sensor Acquisition Module (available for High Definition oscilloscopes),
the Vertical menu will offer an option for PMU Sensor Menu. Choose this to open the Sensor Setup dialog.
Similar to the Channel Setup dialog, Sensor Setup is a collection of all the available sensor inputs, allowing
you to quickly enable/disable an input. Behind it are the individual Sensor (SEn) configuration dialogs.
SEn (Sensor) Dialog
The Sensor dialogs contain many of the same settings as the Channel (Cn) configuration dialogs, and
many function in a similar manner. However, sensor configuration differs from analog channel
configuration in the following respects.
As with channel traces, the Vertical Scale sets the amount of voltage represented by one Vertical division
of the grid.
If using an IEPE/ICP compatible sensor (IEPE mode), always make the selection IEPE Sensor in the
Coupling field. Other types of coupling may be selected if using a BNC cable for other voltage input to the
SAM40 (Voltage mode).
When the IEPE Enable checkbox is selected, the SAM40 applies an excitation voltage to ICP/IEPE-
compatible sensors.
The available Bandwidth settings are changed when inputting a sensor signal, generally to lower values
than are available for oscilloscope channels. Unlike the hardware bandwidth filters on the oscilloscope
channel inputs, SAM40 inputs utilize a digital FIR filter to limit bandwidth.
Most sensors output only voltage values. The SAM40 Rescale settings allow you to change the units in
which sensor output values are displayed to a much wider selection than Volts or Amperes. They can also
be used to apply intelligent rescaling of output values, equivalent to using the Rescale math function
(y=ax+b), where a is the multiplication factor (Units/V) and b is the additive constant (Add).
36
Acquisition
Note: Channel inputs can be rescaled on the Cn dialog, while the output unit of measurement
parameters and math functions can be changed using the Units subdialog that appears next to
the respective Pn or Fn dialog. The same units of measure are supported.
As with channel rescaling, measurements performed on this sensor are converted and displayed in the
selected unit. However, math functions will be displayed in the unit that is logically appropriate for the
result, including complex results that must be derived from a table of core SI units.
Example: Multiplying one sensor trace in Volts per meter by another sensor trace in meters yields a
result in Volts.
Units are automatically rescaled up or down within the list of standard, SI prefixes (micro, milli, centi, kilo,
etc.) based on the relative size of the sensor signal.
Example: A 1000 V reading is shown as 1 kV, while a .1 V reading is shown as 100 mV. When the
multiplication factor is 1 V = Pascals (Pa), a 1 mV reading is displayed as 1 mPa rather than .001 Pa
or 100e-3 Pa.
To rescale a sensor trace to units other than Volts or Amperes, choose Vertical Unit Others, then select
the Sensor Setup button. This will display the following pop-up:
Rescaling from the Sensor dialog.
Unit Category is the unit type, for example, Length or Velocity.
Units reflect the Category selection, for example, a Length unit of meters (m) versus a Velocity unit of
meters per second (m/s).
Units/V (slope) is the multiplication factor (a) to use to scale the acquired sensor Voltage. Enter the
number of the new unit that will equal 1 Volt.
Add is the amount of additive constant (b) to add to the rescaled value. This value is always given in the
new unit.
37
Digital (Mixed Signal)

When a Mixed Signal device is connected to the oscilloscope, digital input options are added to the Vertical
menu. There are set up dialogs for each possible digital group, Digital1 to Digitaln, which correspond to
digital buses. You choose which lines make up each digital group, what they are named, and how they
appear on the display.
Digital Traces
When a digital group is enabled, digital Line traces show which lines are high, low, or transitioning relative
to the threshold. You can also view a digital Bus trace that collapses all the lines in a group into their Hex
values.
Four digital lines displayed with a Vertical Position +4.0 (top of grid) and a Group Height 4.0 divisions.
Depending on your input method, Height may be defined by the entire group or by the individual line.
Activity Indicators
Activity indicators appear at the bottom of the Digitaln dialogs when using the Digital Leadset. They show
which lines are High (up arrow), Low (down arrow), or Transitioning (up and down arrows) relative to the
Logic Threshold value, providing a quick view of which lines are of interest to display on screen.
38
Acquisition
Digital Setup Using Digital Leadset

The digital leadset enables input of up-to-16 lines of digital
data. Physical lines can be preconfigured into different
logical groups, Digitaln, corresponding to a bus. The
transitions for each line may be viewed through different
displays.
The digital leadset features two digital banks with

separate Threshold and Hysteresis controls, making it
possible to simultaneously view data from different logic
families.
Initially, logical lines are named and numbered the same

as the physical lead they represent, although any line can
be renamed appropriately or re-assigned to any lead.
Connecting/Disconnecting the Leadset

The digital leadset connects to the Mixed Signal interface on the front of the instrument.
To connect the leadset to the instrument, push the connector into the Mixed Signal interface below the
front panel until you hear a click.
To remove the leadset, press and hold the buttons on each side of the connector, then pull out to release.
Each flying lead has a signal and a ground connection. A variety of ground extenders and flying ground
leads are available for different probing needs.
To achieve optimal signal integrity, connect the ground at the tip of the flying lead for each input used in
your measurements. Use either the provided ground extenders or ground flying leads to make the ground
connection.
39
Digital Group Setup

To set up a digital group:
1. From the menu bar, choose Vertical > Digitaln Setup, or press the front panel Dig button and select
the desired Digitaln tab.
2. On the Digitaln set up dialog, check the boxes for all the lines that comprise the group. Touch the
Right and Left Arrow buttons to switch between digital banks as you make line selections.
Note: Groups can include from one to all of the leads from any digital bank.
3. Check View Group to start the display.
4. When you're finished on the Digitaln dialog, open Logic Setup and choose the Logic Family that
applies to each digital bank, or set custom Threshhold and Hysteresis values.
40
Acquisition
Digital Display Setup

Choose the type and position of the digital traces that appear on screen for each digital group.
1. Choose a Display Mode:
l Lines (default) shows a time-correlated trace indicating high, low, and transitioning points
(relative to the Threshold) for every digital line in the group. The size and placement of the
lines depend on the number of lines, the Vertical Position and Group Height settings.
l Bus collapses the lines in a group into their Hex values. It appears immediately below all the
Line traces when both are selected.
l Line & Bus displays both types of digital trace.
2. In Vertical Position, enter the number of divisions (positive or negative) relative to the zero line of
the grid where the display begins.The top of the first trace appears at this position.
3. In Group Height, enter the total number of grid divisions the entire display should occupy. All the
selected traces (Line and Bus) will appear in this much space. Individual traces are resized to fit the
total number of divisions available.
To close digital traces, uncheck the Group box on the Digitaln dialog.
Renaming Digital Lines

The labels used to name each line can be changed to make the user interface more intuitive.
Touch Label and select the type:
l Data (default) appends "D." to the front of each line number.
l Address appends "A." to the front of each line number.
l Custom lets you create your own labels line by line. If using Custom labels:
Touch the Line number field below the corresponding checkbox. If necessary, use the Left/Right
Arrow buttons to switch between banks.
Use the virtual keyboard to enter the name, then press OK.
41
Renumbering Digital Lines

Labels can also be "swapped" between lines. This procedure helps in cases where the physical lead
number is different from the logical line number you would like to assign to that input. It can save time
having to reattach leads or reconfigure groups.
Example: A group is set up for lines 0-4, but lead 5 was accidentally attached to the probing point. By
"swapping" line 5 with line 4, you do not need to change either the physical or the logical setup.
1. Select a Label of Data or Address.
2. Touch the Line number field below the corresponding checkbox. If necessary, use the Left/Right
Arrow buttons to switch between banks.
3. From the pop-up, choose the line with which you want to swap labels.
42
Acquisition
Timebase
Timebase (Horizontal) settings control traces along the X axis. The timebase is shared by all channels.
The time represented by each horizontal division of the grid, or Time/Division, is most easily adjusted using
the front panel Horizontal knob. Full Timebase set up is done on the Timebase dialog, accessed either by
choosing Timebase > Horizontal Setup from the menu bar or by touching the Timebase descriptor box.
Timebase Set Up
Use the Timebase dialog to select the Sampling Mode, Memory /Sample Rate, and number of Active
Channels. You can also use it instead of the Front Panel to modify the Time/Div and horizontal Delay.
There are related dialogs for Reference Clock.
Sampling Mode
The Sampling Mode determines how the instrument samples the input signal and renders it for display.
Timebase Mode
Time/Division is the time represented by one horizontal division of the grid. Touch the Up/Down Arrow
buttons on the Timebase dialog or turn the front panel Horizontal knob to adjust this value. The overall
length of the acquisition record is equal to 10 times the Time/Division setting.
Delay is the amount of time relative to the trigger event to display on the grid. Raising/lowering the Delay
value has the effect of shifting the trace to the right/left. This allows you to isolate and display a
time/event of interest that occurs before or after the trigger event.
l Pre-trigger Delay, entered as a negative value, displays the acquisition time prior to the trigger event,
which occurs at time 0 when in Real Time sampling mode. Pre-trigger Delay can be set up to the
instrument's maximum sample record length; how much actual time this represents depends on the
timebase. At maximum pre-trigger Delay, the trigger point is off the grid (indicated by the arrow at the
lower right corner), and everything you see represents 10 divisions of pre-trigger time.
l Post-trigger Delay, entered as a positive value, displays time following the trigger event. Post-trigger
Delay can cover a much greater lapse of acquisition time than pre-trigger Delay, up to the equivalent
of 10,000 divisions after the trigger event (it is limited at slower time/div settings and in Roll mode).
At maximum post-trigger Delay, the trigger point is off the grid far left of the time displayed.
Set to Zero returns Delay to zero.
43
Memory
Max. Sample Points is the maximum number of samples taken per acquisition. By default, the instrument
allocates memory as needed to maintain the highest sample rate possible for the timebase. The actual
number of samples acquired can be lower due to the current Max. Sample Points setting.
To avoid aliasing and other waveform distortions, it is advisable (per Nyquist) to acquire at a sample rate at
least twice the bandwidth of the input signal. Use Max. Sample Points in relation to Time/Division to adjust
the overall Sample Rate (shown on the Timebase descriptor). The formula for sample rate is: Sample Rate
= Memory Samples/Acquisition Time, with the maximum sample rate being limited by the instrument's
analog-to-digital converter (ADC).
On HDO4000A models, if the sample rate is greater than 2.5 GS/s, the system will automatically set
Enhanced Sample Rate (Sinx/x Interpolation) for you to prevent aliasing at the higher sample rate (the
Enhanced Sample Rate field will appear disabled on the Cn dialog). An upsample factor of 2 pts. is used for
5 GS/s timebases, or 4 pts. for 10 GS/s timebases. At lower rates, you can set the Enhanced Sample Rate
factor yourself on the Cn dialog, or choose to use Linear interpolation.
Active Channels (Dual-Channel Acquisition)

The Active Channels settings allow you to combine the acquisition capabilities of the leftmost pair of
channels (C1 and C2) and the rightmost pair of channels (C3 and C4) to result in two channels with
maximum sample rate and memory.
In 4-channel mode, all channels remain active at the default sample rate. To combine channels, under
Active Channels, choose 2 or Auto:
l 2-channel mode turns off waveform acquisition onC1 and C4, although C1 can still be used for trigger
input. C2 and C3 acquire at doubled sample rate and memory.
l In Auto mode, the oscilloscope will allot the maximum memory and sample rate possible based on
the activity within each pair of channels. As long as only one channel in each of the C1-C2 and C3-C4
pairs is turned on, the maximum rate is used. Turning on both channels in either pair has the same
effect as selecting 4 Active Channels.
Example: In Auto mode, C1 can operate with either C3 or C4 at higher sample rate and memory
since they belong to different pairs, and likewise C2. However, C1 cannot operate with C2 without
dropping the sample rate, nor can C3 operate with C4.
Refer to Acquisition System in the product datasheet for maximum sample rates.
Sensor Sample Rate

If your system includes a SAM40 Sensor Acquisition Module, the far right of the Timebase dialog shows
the rate at which the SAM40 is sampling. When the oscilloscope is at a fixed sample rate, the SAM40 will
sample at a maximum rate of ≤100 KS/s so long as the oscilloscope Sample Rate and Time/div settings
allow it. Increasing Time/div or switching to Maximum Memory will decrease the SAM40 sample rate (as
it would the oscilloscope sample rate). Adjusting these settings to yield 100 KS/s or lower sampling on the
oscilloscope will cause the sensor traces to track exactly with the channel traces.
Regardless of the SAM40 sample rate, the timebase is locked to the oscilloscope, and sensor traces will
always be time synchronous with channel traces.
44
Acquisition
Sampling Modes
The Sampling Mode determines how the instrument samples the input signal and renders it for display.
Real Time Sampling Mode

Real Time sampling mode is a series of digitized voltage values sampled on the input signal at a uniform
rate. These samples are displayed as a series of measured data values associated with a single trigger
event. By default (with no Delay), the waveform is positioned so that the trigger event is time 0 on the grid.
The relationship between sample rate, memory, and time can be expressed as:
Capture Interval = 1/(Sample Rate X Memory)

Capture Interval/10 = Time Per Division
Usually, on fast timebase settings, the maximum sample rate is used when in Real Time mode. For slower
timebase settings, the sample rate is decreased so that the maximum number of data samples is
maintained over time.
RIS Sampling Mode

RIS (Random Interleaved Sampling) allows effective sampling rates higher than the maximum single-shot
sampling rate. It is available on timebases ≤ 10 ns/div.
The maximum effective RIS sampling rate is achieved by making multiple single-shot acquisitions at
maximum real-time sample rate. The bins thus acquired are positioned approximately 8 ps (125 GS/s)
apart. The process of acquiring these bins and satisfying the time constraint is a random one. The relative
time between ADC sampling instants and the event trigger provides the necessary variation.
Because the instrument requires multiple triggers to complete an acquisition, RIS is best used on
repetitive waveforms with a stable trigger. The number depends on the sample rate: the higher the sample
rate, the more triggers are required. It then interleaves these segments to provide a waveform covering a
time interval that is a multiple of the maximum single-shot sampling rate. However, the real-time interval
over which the instrument collects the waveform data is much longer, and depends on the trigger rate and
the amount of interleaving required.
Note: RIS is not available when the oscilloscope is using another form of digital interleaving.
Roll Sampling Mode

Roll mode displays incoming points of slow timebase acquisitions so that the trace appears to "roll"
continuously across the screen from right to left. The acquisition is complete when a trigger event is
detected, at which point the next acquisition begins immediately. Parameters or math functions are
updated every time the roll mode buffer is updated as new data becomes available. This resets statistics
on every step of Roll mode that is valid because of new data.
Timebase must be set sufficiently slow to enable Roll mode selection; increase Time/div to 50 ms/div or
more and decrease sample rate to 2.5 MS/s or less to to activate the Roll mode option on the Timebase
dialog. Only Edge trigger is supported for Roll mode acquisitions.
45
Note: Roll mode sampling is not available when using another form of digital interleaving. If
processing time is greater than acquisition time, the roll mode buffer is overwritten. The
instrument warns, "Channel data is not continuous in ROLL mode!!!" and rolling starts again.
Sequence Sampling Mode

In Sequence Mode sampling, the completed waveform consists of a number of fixed-size segments. The
instrument uses the Timebase Sequence settings to determine the capture duration of each segment.
The desired number of segments, maximum segment length, and total available memory are used to
determine the actual number of samples or segments, and time or points.
Sequence Mode is ideal when capturing many fast pulses in quick succession or when capturing few
events separated by long time periods. The instrument can capture complicated sequences of events
over large time intervals in fine detail, while ignoring the uninteresting periods between the events.
Measurements can be made on selected segments using the full precision of the timebase.
Sequence Mode Set Up

The Sequence dialog appears only when Sequence Mode sampling is selected. Use it to define the
number of fixed-size segments to be acquired.
1. From the menu bar, choose Timebase > Horizontal Setup..., then Sequence Sampling Mode.
2. On the Sequence tab under Acquisition Settings, enter the Number of Segments to acquire.
3. To stop acquisition in case no valid trigger event occurs within a certain timeframe, check the
Enable Timeout box and provide a Timeout value.
Note: While optional, Timeout ensures that the acquisition completes in a reasonable
amount of time and control is returned to the operator/controller without having to
manually stop the acquisition, making it especially useful for remote control applications.
4. Touch one of the front panel Trigger buttons to begin acquisition.
You can interrupt acquisition at any time by pressing the front panel Stop button. In this case, the
segments already acquired will be retained in memory.
46
Acquisition
Viewing Sequence Segments

When in Sequence sampling mode, you can view individual segments easily using the front panel Zoom
button. A new zoom of the channel trace defaults to Segment 1.
You can view other segments by changing the First and total Num(ber) of segments to be shown on the
Zn dialog. Touch the Zn descriptor box to display the dialog.
Tip: The number of segments displayed can be less than the total number acquired. By setting the
Num to 1, you can use the front panel Adjust knob to scroll through each segment in order.
Channel descriptor boxes indicate the total number of segments acquired in sequence mode. Zoom
descriptor boxes show the first segment displayed and total number of segments displayed ([#] #). As with
all other zoom traces, the zoomed segments are highlighted on the source trace.
Example: You have acquired 10 segments. You choose to display segments 4 to 6—or, a total of 3
segments beginning with segment 4. The Cn descriptor box reads 10. The Zn descriptor box reads
[4]3 Seg, meaning you are displaying a total of 3 segments, starting with segment 4.
View Segment Time Stamps

To view time stamps for each segment:
1. From the Sequence dialog, choose Show Sequence Trigger Times.
Or
From the menu bar, choose Timebase > Acquisition Status, then open Trigger time .
2. Under Show Status For, choose Time.
View Segments as Math Function

Besides using the Zoom feature, you can also create a Math (Fn) trace to display individual segments.
1. From the menu bar, choose Math > Math Setup...
2. Touch a Function (Fn) tab to display its corresponding dialog.
3. On the dialog, touch Operator1 and select the Segment button from the pop-up menu.
4. Touch the Select subdialog tab.
5. Touch First Selected and choose the first segment to display.
6. Touch Number of Selected and enter the total number of segments to display.
47
Set Reference Clock

By default, the oscilloscope is set to use its internal clock of 10 MHz as the Timebase reference to
synchronize acquisition across all channels.
You can opt to use an external reference clock for this purpose. Connect the clock source to the REF IN
input on the back I/O panel of the oscilloscope using a BNC cable. Then, go to Timebase > Timebase
Setup > Reference Clock tab and choose External.
48
Acquisition
History Mode
History Mode allows you to review any acquisition saved in the history buffer, which automatically stores
all acquisition records until full. Not only can individual acquisitions be restored to the grid, you can "scroll"
backward and forward through the history at varying speeds to capture details or changes in the
waveforms over time.
Each record is indexed and time-stamped, and you can choose to view the absolute time of acquisition or
the time relative to when you entered History Mode. In the latter case, the last acquisition is time zero, and
all others are stamped with a negative time. The maximum number of records stored depends on your
acquisition settings and the total available memory.
Press the front panel History Mode button, or choose Timebase > History Mode to access this feature.
Entering History Mode automatically stops new acquisitions. To leave History Mode, press the History
Mode button again, or restart acquisition by pressing one of the front panel Trigger Mode buttons.
Note: History Mode does not work with Sequence Mode acquisitions, pre-processor Interpolation
set on the input channel, or channel interleaving.
Oscilloscope in History mode.
49
Replay Acquisition History

This is a good way to begin using History Mode. Watching a "movie" of the history allows you to see
waveform changes that are invisible during real-time acquisition.
Select View History to enable the display, then use the Navigation buttons or the slider bar at the bottom of
the dialog to "scroll" the history of acquisitions.
l Top row buttons scroll: Fast Backward, Slow Backward, Slow Forward, Fast Forward.
l Bottom row buttons step: Back to Start, Back One, Go to Index (row #), Forward One, Forward to End.
Press Pause when you see something of interest, then use the History table to find the exact Index.
Select Single Acquisition

1. Select View History to enable the display, and View Table to show the index of records.
2. Optionally, select to show Relative Times on the table.
3. To view individual acquisitions, select the row from the table or enter its Index number on the
dialog.
50
Acquisition
Trigger
Triggers define the event around which digitized information is displayed on the grid.
Different Trigger Types are used to select different events in the trigger source waveforms: edge voltages,
pulse widths, high/low states, etc. These may be a single channel event or a complex pattern of events
across several channels. On instruments with Mixed Signal capabilities, many triggers can be set on either
analog channels, including the External Trigger input, or digital lines.
In addition to the type, the Trigger Mode determines how the instrument behaves as it encounters trigger
events: take a single acquisition and stop, holding on to the display of the last acquisition, or continuously
take and display acquisitions.
In both cases, when the previous acquisition has completed processing, the oscilloscope is again ready to
acquire and the READY indicator is lit. If, while READY, the trigger circuit detects a signal that matches the
trigger conditions, the oscilloscope triggers on the next matching event, and the TRIG'D indicator is lit.
Unless modified by a pre- or post-trigger Delay, the trigger event appears at time 0 at the horizontal center
of the grid, and a period of time equal to five divisions of the timebase is shown to the left and right of it.
Delay shifts the acquisition "window" on screen, displaying a different portion of the waveform.
An additional condition of Holdoff by time or events is available for Edge and Pattern triggers, including
those that appear within MultiStage triggers. Holdoff arms the trigger on the first matching event, inserts
the holdoff count, then triggers on a subsequent event. Often, especially with repetitive signals, the initial
arming event appears to the left of the trigger in "negative" acquisition time.
Trigger Modes
The Trigger Mode determines how often the instrument acquires. It is equivalent to how analog
oscilloscopes "sweep," or refresh, the display. Trigger Mode can be set from the Trigger menu or from the
front panel Trigger control group.
In Single mode, when you choose Trigger > Single or press the front panel Single button, the oscilloscope
readies, arms, and triggers provided all trigger conditions (including Holdoff) are met. It then stops and
continues to display the last acquisition until a new one is taken. The oscilloscope remains armed unless
manually stopped or triggered, and if a valid trigger does not occur, invoking Single a second time will force
a trigger and display the acquisition.
In Normal mode, operation is the same as in Single, except that the trigger automatically re-arms after the
previous acquisition is complete, and data is continuously refreshed on the touch screen.
Auto operates the same as Normal mode, except that a trigger is forced if the trigger event has not
occurred within a preset timeout period.
Stop ceases acquisition processing until you select one of the other three modes. The arming and Holdoff
counters are cleared, even if there has not yet been a trigger since the previous acquisition.
51
Trigger Types
The Trigger Type sets the triggering conditions.
Basic Types
Edge triggers upon a achieving a certain voltage level in the positive or negative slope of the waveform.
Width triggers upon finding a positive- or negative-going pulse width when measured at the specified
voltage level.
Pattern triggers upon a user-defined pattern of concurrent high and low voltage levels on selected inputs.
In Mixed-Signal oscilloscopes, it may be a digital logic pattern relative to voltage levels on analog channels,
or just a digital logic pattern omitting any analog inputs. Likewise, if your oscilloscope does not have Mixed-
Signal capability, the pattern can be set using analog channels alone.
TV triggers on a specified line and field in standard (PAL, SECAM, NTSC, HDTV) or custom composite
video signals.
Serial triggers on the occurrence of user-defined serial data events. This type will only appear if you have
installed protocol-specific serial data trigger and decode options.
MultiStage Types
MultiStage triggers set one event that "qualifies" or arms, and another that triggers. First select MultiStage
to show all the triggers in the group.
QualFirst is only enabled when using Sequence sampling mode. It arms the oscilloscope on the A event,
then triggers on all subsequent B events, saving each as a Sequence Mode segment.
Qualified arms on the A event, then triggers on the B event. In Normal trigger mode, it automatically resets
after the B event, and re-arms upon the next matching A event.
Smart Triggers
Smart triggers allow you to apply Boolean logic conditions to the basic signal characteristics of level, slope,
and polarity to determine when to trigger. First select Smart to show all the triggers in the group.
Glitch triggers upon finding a pulse-width that is less than a specified time or within a specified time range.
Window triggers when a signal exits a window defined by voltage thresholds.
Interval triggers upon finding a specific time between two consecutive edges of the same polarity. Use it
to capture intervals that fall short of, or exceed, a specified range.
Dropout triggers when a signal loss is detected. The trigger is generated at the end of the timeout period
following the last trigger source transition. It is used primarily in Single acquisitions with pre-trigger Delay.
Runt triggers when a pulse crosses a first threshold, but fails to cross a second threshold before re-
crossing the first. Other defining conditions for this trigger are the edge (triggers on the slope opposite to
that selected) and runt width.
SlewRate triggers when the rising or falling edge of a pulse crosses an upper and a lower level. The pulse
edge must cross the thresholds faster or slower than a selected period of time.
52
Acquisition
Trigger Set Up
To open the Trigger dialog, press the front panel Trigger Setup button or touch the Trigger descriptor box.
Different controls will appear depending on the Trigger Type selected (e.g., Slope for Edge triggers).
Complete the settings shown after making your selection.
The trigger condition is summarized in a preview window at the far right of the Trigger dialog. Refer to this
to confirm your selections are producing the trigger you want.
Source
For most triggers, the Source is the analog channel or digital line to inspect for the trigger conditions.
Pattern triggers may utilize multiple sources (such as a mix of analog and digital signals).
Tip: On instruments with OneTouch, the trigger source can be easily set by dragging the desired
channel descriptor box onto the Trigger descriptor box. Note that the trigger coupling and
slope/polarity will revert to whatever was last set on that channel.
Coupling
For analog triggers, specify the type of signal Coupling at the input:
l DC - Frequency components are coupled to the trigger circuit for high frequency bursts, or where the
use of AC coupling would shift the effective trigger level.
l AC - Capacitively coupled. DC levels are rejected, and frequencies below 50 Hz are attenuated.
l LFREJ - Coupled through a capacitive high-pass filter network, DC is rejected and signal frequencies
below 50 kHz are attenuated. For stable triggering on medium to high frequency signals.
l HFREJ - DC coupled to the trigger circuit, and a low-pass filter network attenuates frequencies above
50 kHz (used for triggering on low frequencies).
Slope/Polarity
For some triggers, such as Edge, you will be asked to select the waveform Slope (rising vs. falling) on which
the triggering event may occur. For others, such as Width, the equivalent selection will be Polarity (positive
vs. negative).
53
Level
For analog triggers, enter the voltage Level at which the triggering condition must occur. Use the Find
Level button to set the level to the signal mean.
Trigger types that require multiple crossings to define the triggering condition—such as Window, SlewRate
and Runt— will have Upper Level and Lower Level fields.
For digital pattern triggers, the level is determined by the Logic Family that is set on the digital group. This
can also be specified by a custom (User-Defined) crossing Threshold and Hysteresis. Usually, there will be
a separate Logic tab for these settings.
Conditions (Smart Triggers)

Smart triggers all allow you to apply Boolean logic to refine the triggering condition beyond simply Level
and Slope/Polarity.
The values that satisfy the operators of Less Than, Less Than or Equal To, Greater Than, etc. can be set by
entering an Upper Value and/or Lower Value.
In some cases, it is possible to set a range of values that satisfy the condition. Depending on the trigger,
the values may be In Range that is bounded by the upper/lower values, or Out Range.
The extent of the range can often also be specified by using a Nominal and Delta value, rather than an
absolute upper and lower value. In this case, the Nominal value sets the center of the range, and the Delta
determines how many units plus/minus the Nominal value are included in the range.
For Dropout triggers, the default is to Ignore Opposite Edge, setting the trigger to dropout of the Positive or
Negative edge within the given timeframe. Deselecting it has the effect of setting the trigger to dropout on
Both edges.
54
Acquisition
Patterns
A triggering logic pattern may be set on digital lines, analog channels, or a combination of both.
Digital Pattern
A digital pattern is set on a single bus (group) manually or by applying a hexadecimal value, while the
remaining lines are disabled ("Don't Care").
The Logic Bus method simplifies pattern set up by utilizing digital groups and logic you have already
defined on the Digital Setup dialogs. If you have not set up digital groups, you can set a digital pattern line
by line using the Logic method. All available lines remain active for selection.
1. On the Trigger dialog, select Pattern trigger type. Open the Digital Pattern dialog.
2. At the far right of the dialog, choose either Logic Bus or Logic.
3. Optionally, deselect Filter Out Unstable Conditions. This default filter ignores short glitches in logic
state triggers that last less than 3.5 ns.
4. If using Logic Bus, touch Source and select the digital group. Any lines that are not in this group will
now be disabled.
5. To apply a digital logic pattern, either:
l Enter the hexadecimal value of the pattern in Hex or Value. Lines will take a logical 1, 0, or X
("Don't Care") according to the pattern. Disabled lines will remain X.
l For each active line, touch Dn and select whether it must be High or Low compared to the
logic threshold. A logical 1 (High) or 0 (Low) now appears on the dialog. Leave X for any line
you wish to exclude from the pattern. Use the Left/Right Arrow buttons to display lines in
other digital banks.
Note: As an alternative to 1 or 0, you may set edge conditions on any line. Touch Dn and
choose the edge. Edge conditions always assume a logical OR in the overall trigger criteria.
6. If you have not already set a logic threshold, open the Levels dialog and select a Logic Family for
each digital bank from which you've selected lines. To set a custom logic threshold, choose Logic
Family User Defined, then enter the Threshold voltage and Hysteresis.
Note: Digital lines inherit the Logic Setup made when defining digital groups. However, you
can change the logic threshold on the Levels dialog. Logic thresholds can only be set per
lead bank, not individual line.
55
Analog Pattern
1. On the Trigger dialog, select the Pattern trigger type.
2. Select the Boolean Operator that describes the relationship among analog inputs (e.g., C1 must be
High AND C2 must be Low).
3. For each input in the trigger pattern, select what State it must be in compared to the threshold
Level. Leave "Don't Care" for any input you wish to exclude.
4. For each input included in the trigger, enter the voltage threshold Level.
TV Trigger
TV triggers on a specified line and field in standard or custom composite video signals.
1. Choose the Source signal input.
2. Choose the signal TV Standard. To use a custom signal, also enter the Frame Rate , # of Fields per
line, # of Lines, and Interlace ratio.
3. Choose the Line and Field upon which to trigger.
Serial Trigger
The Serial trigger type will appear if you have installed serial data trigger and decode options. Select the
Serial type then the desired Protocol to open the serial trigger setup dialogs. For setup instructions, see the
software instruction manual at teledynelecroy.com/support/techlib under Manuals > Software Options.
56
Acquisition
Qualified Trigger
A Qualified trigger arms on the A event, then triggers on the B event. In Normal trigger mode, it
automatically resets after the B event, and re-arms upon the next matching A event. Unlike a basic Edge or
Pattern trigger with Holdoff, the A and B events can occur in different signals, allowing you to use the state
of one signal to "qualify" the trigger on another.
On the Trigger dialog, select Qualified trigger type to display the controls.
Besides an Edge or Pattern, two special conditions may be selected as the arming event (A):
l State, an analog or digital High/Low state ocurring on a single input.
l PatState, a pattern of analog or digital High/Low states across multiple inputs.
When B is an Edge or Pattern, use the When B Occurs buttons to add a time window to the conditions:
l Any Time triggers if B occurs any time after being qualified by A.
l Less Than triggers only if B occurs before the time limit once qualified by A.
l Greater Than triggers only if B occurs after the time limit once qualified by A.
l Events triggers on the next B event after the specified N Events once qualified by A.
As with regular Holdoff, the counter may begin from the Acquisition Start or the Last Trigger Time.
Once you've selected the A and B events on the Qualified dialog, set up the conditions on the respective
"Event" dialogs exactly as you would a single-stage trigger.
QualFirst Trigger
The QualFirst trigger, which is used in Sequence sampling mode, is set up exactly like the Qualified trigger.
The only difference is that the "B" event triggers repeated segments of a segmented acquisition.
57
Trigger Holdoff
Holdoff is either a period of time or an event count that may be set as an additional condition for Edge and
Pattern triggers. Holdoff disables the trigger temporarily, even if the other conditions are met. Use Holdoff
to obtain a stable trigger for repetitive, composite waveforms. For example, if the number or duration of
sub-signals is known, you can disable them by setting an appropriate Holdoff value.
Note: Qualified triggers operate using time or event conditions similar to Holdoff, but arm and
trigger differently.
Hold Off by Time

This is a period of time to wait after the arming event before triggering on the next event. The maximum
allowed time is 20 seconds; the Holdoff time would otherwise be limited only by the input signal, the
coupling, and the instrument's bandwidth.
When a Holdoff by time is counted from the start of the acquisition, the oscilloscope readies, arms on the
first event, holds for the specified time, then triggers on the next event. After one full acquisition has
completed, the oscilloscope again readies, arms, holds, and triggers for the following acquisition.
Positive Edge trigger with Holdoff by time counted from the start of acquisition.
When a Holdoff by time is counted from the last trigger time, the oscilloscope immediately re-arms on the
first event following the trigger and begins counting the Holdoff, rather than wait to complete the full
acquisition. The Holdoff count continues even during the very brief time between acquisitions while the
oscilloscope is processing. As soon as the Holdoff is satisfied and the oscilloscope is again ready, it triggers
on the next event. The re-arming and Holdoff may occur in one acquisition, and the trigger in the next.
Positive Edge trigger with Holdoff by time counted from the last trigger time.
58
Acquisition
Note: Because there is only one trigger per acquisition, the trigger event will always belongs to the
new acquisition. The processing time shown here is for purposes of illustration only.
Regardless of where in the acquisition record the trigger event was found (first edge or last), the display
will show time pre- and post-trigger based on your Time/Div and Delay settings.
Hold Off by Events

Events refers to the number of times the trigger conditions have been met following the arming event.
For example, if the Holdoff is two edges counted from the start of the acquisition, the oscilloscope readies,
arms on the first edge, holds off for the next two, triggers on the fourth edge, then completes the
acquisition. Because there must always be a first arming edge, it appears to be "Holdoff plus one."
Positive Edge trigger with Holdoff by events counted from start of acquisition.
As with Holdoff by time, when a Holdoff by events is counted from the last trigger time, the oscilloscope re-
arms immediately following the trigger and begins the Holdoff count. If the count is satisfied by the time
the oscilloscope is again ready, the trigger occurs on the next event at the start of the new acquisition.
Positive Edge trigger with Holdoff by events counted from last trigger time.
59
Holdoff Set Up
To add Holdoff to an Edge or Pattern trigger, touch the Trigger descriptor box or press the front panel
Trigger Setup button, then open the Holdoff tab.
Choose to Holdoff by Time (the clock) or Events.
l If using Holdoff by Time, enter the Time in S to wait before triggering.
l If using Holdoff by Events, enter the number of Events to wait before triggering.
Choose to Start Holdoff Counter On:
l Current Acquisition Start time.
l Last Trigger Time from previous acquisition.
60
Display
Display
Display settings affect the number and style of grids that appear on screen and some of the visual
characteristics of traces, such as persistence.
Auto Grid is enabled by default. This feature divides the screen as needed when new traces open.
WaveSurfer and legacy HDO4000 oscilloscopes may be divided into a maximum of three grids—one each
for channels/memories, math functions, and zooms—that each represent the full number of vertical
levels. All traces of the same type appear on the same grid. HDO4000A oscilloscopes feature multi-grid
display, where each trace may be placed on its own grid.
Two special grid layouts are available: XY Grid, which puts the oscilloscope in XY mode, and XY Single Grid,
which creates one XY grid and one single grid for the rest of your traces.
To display all types of traces on a single grid, choose Single Grid from the Display dialog.
Different types of traces opening in a multi-grid display.
61
Display Set Up
To access the Display dialog, choose Display > Display Setup.
Grid Mode
The Grid Mode setting determines the number and layout of display grids, each of which represents the
full number of vertical levels. The selection icon shows the number and arrangement of grids.
The following grid modes are available on HDO4000A oscilloscopes.
Grid Mode Number Orientation Notes

Auto variable landscape Automatically adds or deletes grids as traces turned on/off, up to the maximum
(default) supported
Single 1 landscape All traces share one grid
Dual 2 landscape One top, one bottom
Tandem 2 portrait One left, one right
Quad 4 landscape Stacked top to bottom
Quattro 4 landscape One in each quarter of screen
Octal 8 landscape Two columns of four stacked top to bottom
XY 1 portrait Single XY type grid
XYSingle 2 portrait One VT grid left, one XY grid right
XYDual 3 variable Two VT grids left, one XY grid right
Note: Additional grid modes may become available with the installation of software options.
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Display
Grid Intensity
To dim or brighten the background grid lines, touch Grid Intensity and enter a value from 0 to 100.
Grid on top superimposes the grid over the waveform.
Note: Some waveforms may be hidden from view with the grid on top.
Axis labels display the values represented by each division of the grid, based on your vertical scale and
timebase. Turned on by default, they may appear as absolute values or delta from center (0). Deselect the
checkbox to remove them from the display.
Trace Intensity
Choose a line style for traces: solid Line or disconnected sample Points.
When more data is available than can actually be displayed, Trace Intensity helps to visualize significant
events by applying an algorithm that dims less frequently occurring samples. Touch Intensity and enter a
value from 0 to 100.
Intensity 40% (left) dims samples that occur ≤ 40% of the time to highlight the more frequent samples,
vs. intensity 100% (right) which shows all samples the same.
XY Plots
XY plots display the phase shift between otherwise identical signals. They can be used to display either
voltage or frequency on both axes, each axis now corresponding to a different signal input, rather than a
different parameter. The shape of the resulting pattern reveals information about phase difference and
frequency ratio.
Note: The inputs can be any combination of channels, math functions or memories, but both
sources must have the same X-axis scale.
Choose an XY grid mode and select the sources for Input X and Input Y.
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Persistence Display
The Persistence feature retains waveform traces on the display for a set amount of time before allowing
them to gradually "decay," similar to the analog-style display of old, phosphor screen oscilloscopes. The
display is generated by repeated sampling of events over time and the accumulation of the sampled data
into "persistence maps". Statistical integrity is preserved because the duration (decay) is proportional to
the persistence population for each amplitude or time combination in the data.
The different persistence modes show the most frequent signal path in three-dimensional intensities of
the same color (Analog), or in a graded spectrum of colors (Color).
Access the Persistence dialog from the Display dialog or by choosing Display > Persistence Setup.
Apply Persistence
1. Check Persistence On.
2. Use the buttons to select a persistence mode:

In Analog Mode, as a persistence data map develops, different intensities
of the same color are assigned to the range between a minimum and a
maximum population. The maximum population automatically gets the
highest intensity, the minimum population gets the lowest intensity, and
intermediate populations get intensities in between these extremes. The
information in the lower populations (for example, down at the noise level) could be of greater
interest to you than the rest. The Analog persistence view highlights the distribution of data so that
you can examine it in detail.
Color Mode persistence works on the same principle as Analog

persistence, but instead uses the entire color spectrum to map signal
intensity: violet for minimum population, red for maximum population. In
this mode, all traces use all colors, which is helpful for comparing
amplitudes by seeking like colors among the traces.
3. Select the Saturation level as a percentage of the maximum population. All populations above the
saturation population are assigned the highest color intensity: that is, they are saturated. At the
same time, all populations below the saturation level are assigned the remaining intensities. Data
populations are dynamically updated as data from new acquisitions is accumulated. A saturation
level of 100% spreads the intensity variation across the entire distribution; at lower saturation levels
the intensity will saturate (become brighter) at the percentage value specified. Lowering this
64
Display
percentage causes the pixels to be saturated at a lower population and makes visible those events
rarely seen at higher saturation levels.
4. In Persistence Time, enter the duration of time (in seconds) after which persistence data is erased
from the display.
5. Choose to superimpose the last waveform over the persistence display by selecting Show Last
Trace.
Remove Persistence
To turn off persistence and return to the regular trace style, clear Persistence On.
65
66
Cursors
Cursors
Cursors are markers (lines and arrows) that identify horizontal and vertical values where they intersect the
X or Y axis. Use cursors to make fast, accurate measurements of points on the waveform.
The equations in this section use the following notational conventions:
X1 and X2 = cursor and/or value where cursor intersects x-axis
Y1 and Y2 = cursor and/or value where cursor intersects y-axis
y@X1= vertical value at point where X1 cursor intersects source trace
y@X2 = vertical value at point where X2 cursor intersects source trace
∆x = difference between X1 and X2
∆y = difference between y@X1 and y@X2 (Horizontal) or Y1 and Y2 (Vertical)
Cursor Types
Horizontal Cursors
Horizontal cursors are positioned at points on the x-axis and will measure the source trace horizontal and
vertical values at that point. Usually, these are in units of time and Volts, but on HDO4000A may be
whatever units are currently configured for the trace. On instruments with OneTouch, they will
automatically adjust position to reflect differences in the scale of zooms and source traces when you drag
the cursor readout from below the Timebase descriptor box onto the zoom trace grid or descriptor box.
Horizontal Cursors.
67
The Horizontal (Time) cursor displays two lines: X1 with the down-pointing arrow, and X2 with the up-
pointing arrow. The readout below the Timebase and Trigger descriptors always shows:
l The time where each cursor intersects the x-axis (X1 and X2)
l The difference of X2 – X1 (∆x)
l The frequency in Hz calculated from the delta time (1/(∆x).
When horizontal cursors are not tracking, they can be moved to any position along the x-axis individually.
The horizontal delta represents X2 – X1, which will be a positive number so long as X2 remains to the right
of X1. If X2 is moved to the left of X1, this will now be a negative number.
The readout on the source trace descriptor box shows the difference in vertical value where each cursor
intersects the source trace (shown by the arrows), calculated as:
y@X2 – y@X1 = ∆y
When the X1 arrow is higher than the X2 arrow, this will be a negative number, as it represents a drop (e.g.,
in voltage), even when X2 is positioned above the zero level. When the X1 arrow is lower than the X2 arrow,
this will be a positive number, as it represents a rise.
Two other Horizontal cursors are offered only in cases where the x-axis represents units other than time:
The Horizontal (Frequency) cursor works the same as the Horizontal (Time) cursor, except that it is placed
on waveforms that have frequency (Hz) on the x-axis, such as FFTs.
The Horizontal (Event) cursor also works the same as the Horizontal (Time) cursor, but is placed only on
Trend waveforms, where the x-axis represents the number of the measurement event.
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Cursors
Vertical Cursors
Vertical cursors intersect the y-axis and show the vertical value at that point (e.g., a voltage). These
cursors can go "off trace" to show vertical scale values that are not represented in the acquisition. Vertical
cursors have no horizontal readout below the Timebase descriptor, as they do not have an x-axis element.
As they are set by divisions, they remain in the same position and do not "readjust" with changes in the
scale of the underlying traces.
The Vertical (Amplitude) cursor displays two lines: the dashed-dotted line is Y1, and the dashed line is Y2.
The readout on the source trace descriptor box shows the vertical values where Y1 and Y2 intersect the y-
axis, and the difference of Y1 – Y2 (∆y). As long as Y2 remains below Y1, this is a negative number, even if
Y2 is positioned above the zero level. If Y2 is moved above Y1, it will become a positive number.
Combination Cursors
The Horizontal + Vertical option places both Vertical (Amplitude) and Horizontal (Time) cursors together.
The vertical readout on the source trace descriptor will be the same as for the Vertical (Amplitude) cursor,
while the horizontal readout below the Timebase descriptor will be the same as for the Horizontal (Time)
cursor.
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Apply and Position Cursors

To turn on cursors, either:
l From the menu bar, choose Cursors and select the desired cursor type from the drop-down list.
l On the front panel, press the Cursor button to turn on cursors, then continue pressing to cycle
through all the cursor types. Stop when the desired type is displayed.
Note: There must be a trace on the grid for cursors to execute, although acquisition may be in
process or stopped when you turn them on.
To turn off cursors, either:
l From the menu bar, choose Cursors > Off.
l Continue cycling the Cursor button until you reach "Off" (the cursor lines disappear).
To reposition a cursor:
l Drag-and-drop the cursor marker to a new position. Indicators outside the grid show to which trace
the cursor belongs when you have multiple traces on one grid.
Use the Position data entry controls on the Standard Cursors dialog to place cursors precisely.
l Alternatively, use the Front Panel Cursor knob. Push the knob until the correct cursor is selected, then
turn the knob to move it. The third press of the Cursor knob selects both cursors so they will track
together when the knob is turned.
When there are multiple traces on the same grid, first bring the desired trace to the foreground by
touching the trace or its descriptor box. The Cursor knob will only operate on the foreground trace.
On oscilloscopes with OneTouch, if Horizontal cursors are applied to a source trace but do not appear on
its dependent traces (e.g., a zoom) because of differences in scale, drag-and-drop the cursor readout
from below the Timebase descriptor box onto the target trace or its descriptor box. This will apply the
cursor at the 2.5 and 7.5 division marks of the target trace and adjust the source trace cursor accordingly.
To track cursors, moving both lines together at a consistent distance, check Track on the Standard
Cursors dialog. Drag the X1 or Y1 cursor marker, or select the set using the font panel controls and turn the
Cursor knob. The delta readouts should show little or no change when tracking, although absolute
readouts will change depending on the new position of the cursors. Moving the X2 or Y2 cursor will reset
the relative distance and the delta, after which you can again track by moving the X1 or Y1 markers.
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Cursors
Standard Cursors Dialog

These controls can be used instead of the front panel controls to turn on cursors or to refine the cursor
position. Access the dialog by choosing Cursors > Cursors Setup from the menu bar.
Cursor Type buttons select the type of cursor displayed on the grid. Off disables the cursor display.
Refer to Cursor Types for a detailed explanation of what is shown with each option.
The Position controls at the right-side of the Standard Cursors dialog display the current cursor location
and can be used to set a new location.
l X 1 and X 2 sets the position of Horizontal cursors. They may be entered as time or a fraction of a
division.
l Y 1 and Y 2 sets the position of Vertical cursors, entered as a fraction of a division.
Track locks cursor lines so they move together, maintaining the same distance from each other. Only
move X1 or Y1 to reposition the cursors. Moving X2 or Y2 will change the relative distance.
Find places the cursors 2.5 divisions (negative and positive) from the trigger point on the first touch. On the
second touch, it returns the cursor to its previous position.
XY Cursors Dialog
If your Grid Mode selection includes an XY trace display, an XY Cursors dialog appears behind the
Standard Cursors dialog. Use it to exactly position and track cursors on XY traces, the same as you use the
settings on the Standard Cursors dialog for time traces. The functionality is the same.
71
72
Measure
Measure
Parameters are tools that give you access to a wide range of waveform properties, such as Rise Time,
RMS voltage and Peak-Peak voltage.
For all parameters, you may optionally calculate and display the statistical mean, min, max and sdev of
that parameter. Statistics are calculated once per acquisition and accumulate over multiple acquisitions,
up to the two billion value limit of the measurement buffer. The history of a parameter can also be graphed
as a trend for statistical analysis.
Parameter readouts are shown in a dynamic Measure table that appears below the waveform grids. All
active measurements can be used as inputs to other processes, such as math functions, even when the
Measure table is hidden from view.
Measurements are calculated and can be applied to other processes even when they are not displayed. In the image above,
the P1 amplitude measurement is used to plot a Trend math function, although the Measure table is hidden.
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Parameter Set Up
The Measure Dialog gives quick access to measurement features. Besides configuring parameters, use
the Measure dialog to show statistics and histicons, or to gate measurements. You can also plot the trend
of the measurement.
1. To open the Measure dialog, touch the Add New box and select Measurement, or choose Measure
> Measure Setup from the menu bar.
2. Check Show Table to display the readout. This is not required to take the measurement.
3. For each parameter (Pn):
l Touch the Measure field and choose a measurement from the list.
l Touch the Source field and choose the source trace to measure. This can be any type of input
available to your instrument; all will appear on the Source pop-up selector.
4. Enter any other measurement settings that appear, such as Level for @Level parameters
(HDO4000 only).
Note: All @Level parameters are measured at the same level. Level can only be set as a
percentage when an @Level parameter has been selected.
5. Optionally:
l Gate parameters by entering the position (in divisions) of left and right gates.
l Add Statistics and Histicons to the Measure Table.
Touch Clear Sweeps to reset all measurement counters and restart all statistics.
Touch Clear All Definitions to reset all parameters to "None".
Caution: Definitions cannot be restored after clearing, you must repeat parameter set up.
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Measure
Gating Measurements
All measurements are calculated on only that portion of the waveform trace that is visible on the grid and
within the measurement gates. Any setting that moves the trace outside the observation window or
makes it appear "clipped" will affect measurements.
The default starting positions of the measurement gate posts are 0 div and 10 div, which coincide with the
left and right edges of the grid, and the First and Last points. Therefore, the measurement gates initially
enclose the entire visible acquisition. By moving the measurement gates, you can focus the measurement
on the section of the acquisition of greatest interest. For example, if you "gate" six rising edges of a
waveform, calculations are performed only on the six pulses bounded by the gate posts.
Gates (vertical white lines) limit the data measured and visibly change measurement calculations.
The quickest way to set a gate is to drag the gate posts from the far left and right of the grid to the desired
positions. You can refine this setting to hundredths of a division by using the Gate Start and Stop fields on
the Measure dialog. All parameters share the same gate. Touch Default to return the measure gates to
the width of the grid.
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Statistics
Checking Statistics On on the Measure dialog adds the mean, min, max and sdev of each parameter to the
measured value shown on the Measure table.
Statistics for each parameter are calculated once per acquisition and accumulate until you either Clear
Sweeps or the measurement buffer is full. The Num row of the Measure table shows the total number of
measurements included in the Statistics calculation. If the measurement is gated, the statistics are
calculated for only the data points between the gates, just as the parameter value itself will reflect the
limits imposed by the gate.
Mean
Mean shows the weighted mean of the parameter calculated over the number of times shown.
Min
Min shows the minimum value of the parameter measured over the number of times shown.
Max
Max shows the maximum value of the parameter measured over the number of times shown.
Sdev
Sdev shows the population standard deviation of the parameter calculated over the number of times
shown.
Num
For any parameter that computes once on an entire acquisition, Num represents the number of sweeps
over which the statistics are computed.
For any parameter that computes on every event within an acquisition, such as a full period, Num
represents the number of events per sweep times the number of sweeps computed. Thus, for a Single
acquisition of five periods, the Num shown for any per period measurements will be 5, as five
measurements were made and the statistics reflect those five measurements. After another Single
acquisition, Num will be 10, or five measurements times two sweeps. The statistics now reflect all 10
measurements.
Histicons
Histicons are miniature histograms of parameters that may be added to
the Measure table readout. These thumbnail histograms let you see at a
glance the statistical distribution of each parameter. Check Histicons on the Measure dialog.
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Measure
List of Standard Measurements
Note: Unless otherwise stated, measurements are calculated according to IEEE standards.
Additional measurements may be available depending on the software options installed. The
keyword to use in remote control programs appears in Summary on the Measure dialog.
Amplitude
Difference between the upper and lower levels in two-level (bi-modal) signals. Differs from Peak-to-Peak
(pkpk) in that noise, overshoot, undershoot, and ringing do not affect the measurement. Amplitude is
calculated using the formula for Top-Base. On signals that cannot be identified as bi-modal, such as
triangle or saw-tooth waves, Amplitude returns the same value as Maximum – Minimum. Amplitude may
be calculated once per period, rather than once per acquisition, by selecting "Show one value per period"
on the Amplitude subdialog.
Area
Integral of data. Computes the area of the waveform relative to the zero level. Values greater than zero
contribute positively to the area; values less than zero contribute negatively. If Cyclic is checked on the
Area subdialog, the area is calculated over only the full cycles, rather than the entire acquisition.
Base
Lower level in two-level (bi-modal) signals (the higher is Top), or lower of two most probable waveform
states on waveforms that are not bi-modal. Base differs from Minimum in that noise, overshoot,
undershoot and ringing do not affect the measurement. On signals that are not bi-modal (such as triangle
waveforms), Base returns the same value as Minimum. Base may be calculated once per period, rather
than once per acquisition, by selecting "Show one value per period" on the Base subdialog.
Delay
Time from the acquisition trigger to the first 50% level crossing visible in the observation window. On
acquisitions without a Timebase Delay setting, this is usually a negative number.
Dperiod@level
Cycle-to-cycle deviation of the period measurement, measured from rising edges (Pos Slope), falling
edges (Neg Slope), or next crossing (Both Slope) at the specified Level. By default, it measures the
adjacent cycle deviation (cycle-to-cycle jitter) for each cycle in a waveform, but it may be configured to
compare cycles at set intervals or the mean value of groups of cycles by using an N-Cycle Setup.
Dtime@level
Time between transitions on two, different input signals, measured on rising edges (Pos Slope), falling
edges (Neg Slope), or next crossing (Both Slope) at the specified Level. This measurement may yield a
negative result in cases where the Source2 crossing occurs before the Source1 crossing. See Gating
Measurements .
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Duty Cycle
Percent of period for which data are above or below the 50% level of the signal, using a hysteresis band of
22% of amplitude.
Duty@level
Percent of period for which data are above or below a specified level, measured on rising edges (Pos
Slope) or falling edges (Neg Slope).
Edge@level
Number of edges in waveform that cross the specified threshold Level, measured on rising edges (Pos
Slope), falling edges (Neg Slope), or next crossing (Both Slope).
Fall 80-20%
Duration of a pulse waveform's falling transition from 80% to 20% of the amplitude, averaged for all falling
transitions between the measurement gates. On signals that do not have two major levels (such as
triangle waveforms), the Top-Base measurement used to calculate the amplitude can default to
maximum and minimum, giving less predictable results.
Fall Time
Duration of a pulse waveform's falling transition from 90% to 10% of the Amplitude, averaged for all falling
triangle waveforms), the Top-Base measurement used to calculate the amplitude can default to
maximum and minimum, giving less predictable results.
Frequency
Reciprocal of each Period of a cyclic signal. Period is measured as time between every pair of 50%
crossings on the rising edge, starting with the first rising transition after the left measurement gate.
Freq@level
Reciprocal of each Period of a cyclic signal. Period is measured as the time between every pair of
crossings at the specified level and edge, starting with first matching transition after left measurement
gate.
Maximum
Largest vertical value in a waveform. Unlike Top, does not assume the waveform has two levels.
Mean
Average of vertical values in a waveform. Computed as centroid of distribution for a histogram of the data
values.
Minimum
Smallest vertical value in a waveform. Unlike Base, does not assume the waveform has two levels.
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Measure
Overshoot-
Amount of overshoot following falling edges, represented as percentage of amplitude. Overshoot- is
calculated using the formula (Base - Minimum)/Amplitude x 100. On signals that do not have two major
levels (such as triangle waveforms), this measurement may not give predictable results.
Overshoot+
Amount of overshoot following rising edges, represented as a percentage of amplitude. Overshoot+ is
calculated using the formula (Maximum - Top)/Amplitude x 100. On signals that do not have two major
levels (such as triangle or saw-tooth waveforms), this measurement may not give predictable results.
Peak to Peak
The difference between the maximum and minimum vertical values within the measurement gates.
Unlike Amplitude, does not assume a waveform has two levels.
Period
The time between 50% crossings on the rising edge, starting with the first transition after the left
measurement gate. Period is measured for each adjacent pair, with values averaged to give the final
result.
Period@level
The time between crossings at a user-specified slope and level, starting with first transition after the left
measurement gate. By default, Period is measured for each adjacent pair, with values averaged to give
the final result, but it can be configured to compare cycles at set intervals by using an N-Period Setup.
Phase
Phase difference between analyzed and reference signals, measured from the 50% level of their rising
edges.
Rise 20-80%
Duration of a pulse waveform's rising transition from 20% to 80% of amplitude, averaged for all rising
triangle waves), the Top-Base measurement used to calculate rise can default to maximum and
minimum, giving less predictable results.
Rise Time
Duration of a pulse waveform's rising transition from 10% to 90% of amplitude, averaged for all rising
triangle waves), the Top-Base measurement used to calculate rise can default to maximum and
minimum, giving less predictable results.
RMS
Root Mean Square of the vertical values (between the measurement gates), calculated using the formula:
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Where: Vi = measured vertical values, and N = number of data points.
If Cyclic is checked on the RMS subdialog, the RMS is calculated over only full cycles, rather than the
entire acquisition.
Skew
Time of Clock2 edge (Source2) minus the time of previous Clock1 edge (Source1).
Std Dev
Standard deviation of the vertical values between the measurement gates, using the formula:
Where: Vi = measured vertical values, and N = number of data points. This is equivalent to the RMS for a
zero-mean waveform. Also referred to as AC RMS.
If Cyclic is checked on the Std Dev subdialog, the standard deviation is calculated over only full cycles,
rather than the entire acquisition.
Time@level
Time from trigger (t=0) to crossing at a specified slope and level.
Top
Higher vertical value in two-level (bi-modal) signals (the lower is Base), or higher of two most probable
waveform states in waveforms that are not bi-modal. Top differs from Maximum in that noise, overshoot,
undershoot and ringing do not affect the measurement. On signals that are not bi-modal (e.g., triangle
waves), Top returns the same value as Maximum. Top may be calculated once per period, rather than
once per acquisition, by selecting "Show one value per period" on the Top subdialog.
Width
Width of cyclic signal measured at 50% level and positive slope, using a hysteresis of 22% of amplitude.
Widths of all waveform pulses are averaged for the final result.
WidthN
Width of cyclic signal measured at 50% level and negative slope, using a hysteresis of 22% of amplitude.
Widths of all waveform pulses are averaged for the final result.
80
Measure
Measure Table
Parameter readouts (P1-Pn) appear in a table below the grid. The value row shows the measurements
taken for each parameter on the last acquisition. Optional statistics and histicons can be added to the
Measure table readout.
Navigating with the Measure Table

Close setup dialogs when the Measure table is displayed to maximize the area available for viewing
waveforms. To return to the Measure dialog when closed, touch anywhere in the table.
Quick Table Setup

On instruments with OneTouch, any parameter can be copied by dragging the cell onto the target cell of
the Measure table. Then, drag the desired measurement source descriptor box onto the new parameter.
Touch the cell to make any other modifications.
Measurement Status Indicators

Symbols in the status row of the Measure table indicate the following:
OK: valid value returned.
Warning: there is a problem with the signal or the setup that prevents measuring. Touch the
parameter cell to see an explanation in the message bar.
No Pulse/Insufficient Data: The software is unable to determine Top and Base. In the case of
Vertical measurements, this may indicate that there is insufficient difference between the
Maximum and Minimum for the software to detect a pulse. Or, there may be an insufficient number of
points in the visible top or base of a pulse, such as when closely examining a step response. Adjusting
Vertical Scale or Horizontal Delay may eliminate the error.
Underflow Condition: The bottom most (negative) sample point of the waveform falls below the
ADC range. Probably, the bottom of the pulses appear to be cut off. Adjusting Vertical Scale or
Offset so that there is no "clipping" of the pulse may eliminate the error.
Overflow Condition: The top most (positive) sample point of the waveform is above the ADC
range. Probably, the top of the pulses appear to be cut off. Adjusting Vertical Scale or Offset so
that there is no "clipping" of the pulse may eliminate the error.
Simultaneous Underflow and Overflow Condition: Both conditions are present at once.
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Using Trends
The Trend math function plots a waveform composed of parameter measurements arranged in the order
the measurements were made. The vertical units are the source parameter values, and the horizontal unit
is the measurement number. The Trend contains a single value for each unique measurement, and
therefore may not be time synchronous with the source waveform.
Uses of Trends
Trends are especially useful for visualizing the history of a parameter over an extended period of time or
over multiple acquisitions. Think of Trend as a strip chart recorder for your instrument. Example
applications of Trend include:
l Data logging multiple circuit parameters
l Power line monitoring
l Measuring output regulation and ripple
Plotting Trends
Although a Trend plots parameter values, it is created as a Math function on the Function (Fn) dialogs.
1. Select the Trend Operator on the Fn setup dialog.
Tip: On HDO4000 oscilloscopes, you can also touch the Trend button next to the parameter
on the Measure dialog.
2. Choose a computation Mode of All (measurements per acquisition) or Average (one measurement
per acquisition).
3. Enter the number of measured Values to Trend.
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Measure
Using Tracks
Available on HDO4000A only.
A Track is a waveform composed of parameter measurements that are time synchronous with the source
waveform. The vertical units are those of the source parameter and the horizontal units are seconds. Due
to the time synchronization, the number of points in the Track function is identical to the number of
samples in the source waveform, and a Track is limited to the samples in a single acquisition. The Track
may contain many redundant values.
Uses of Tracks
In general, Track is the tool to use if you want to capture a continuous stream of data spaced closely
together. It is also useful in applications that require time synchronization, or for locating anomalous
parameter values in a long acquisition. Example applications of Track include:
l Modulation analysis of PWM signals
l Measuring phase error in PLLs
l Measuring settling time of waveforms with decaying amplitudes
l Radar measurements to characterize PRI stagger during walkoff
Plotting Tracks
Although a Track plots parameter values, it is created as a Math function and controlled on the Function
(Fn) dialogs.
1. On the Fn dialog, choose the Track Operator.
2. On the Track subdialog, choose a method to Connect the points in the track into a waveform:
Interpolate points between samples, or Extend the line directly point to point.
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Track vs. Trend

The table below summarizes the differences between Track and Trend.
Track Trend
(Parameter value vs. time) (Parameter value vs. event)
Cumulative? No, resets after every acquisition Cumulative over unlimited number of
acquisitions, up to two billion events
Time correlates to other data? Yes No
Monitors Frequency domain? Yes No, points are not evenly spaced in time
and therefore cannot be used for an FFT
Monitors parameters over No, resets after every acquisition Yes
multiple acquisitions?
Preserves all measurement Yes, although maximum time period that No, data can be missed during time
data? can be captured is limited by acquisition oscilloscope takes to re-arm between
memory and sampling rate acquisitions
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Math
Math
Math function traces (Fn) display the result of applying a mathematical operation to a source trace. The
output of a math function is always another trace, whereas the output of a measurement parameter is a
tabular readout of the measurement.
Math can be applied to any channel (Cn), zoom (Zn), or memory (Mn) trace. It can even be applied to
another math trace, allowing you to chain operations (for example, trace F1 can show the average of C1,
while trace F2 provides the integral of F1).
In addition to the extensive math capabilities that are standard with every instrument, enhanced math
analysis tools customized for various industries and applications are offered through optional software
packages. To learn about math tools available in each optional package, see the product datasheets at
teledynelecroy.com.
If you have installed software options, the new capabilities are usually accessed through the Analysis
menu, rather than the Math menu, although special math functions will be available when using the
standard Math dialogs.
Math Function Set Up

Use the Function dialog to set up math function traces. Math functions take as input one or more channel,
zoom, memory or math traces and output a new math trace (Fn). Any additional settings required for the
operator will appear on a subdialog at the right of the screen.
Single functions perform one operation on one or two input sources.
Dual functions chain two operations to arrive at a single result. This saves you the effort of having to chain
two separate math functions. As with single functions, the number of sources required will vary based on
the operation. You may need only one source for Operator1, but two for Operator2 (the result of the first
operation counts as one source).
Setting Up New Functions

1. From the menu bar choose Math > Math Setup, or press the front panel Math button.
2. Choose a location by touching one of the Fn tabs.
If you know which function location you'll be using, you can select Fn Setup right from the Math
menu.
3. Choose a single f(x) or dual g(f(x) operator function.
4. In Operator1, choose the math operation to perform.
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5. The choice of operator drives the number of Source fields you will see displayed. Make a selection
in each field, or drag the source channel descriptor box to the field.
A Summary of the function you are building appears on the dialog. Refer to this to be sure your
sources are in the proper order to yield the function you want (e.g., C1-C2 vs. C2-C1).
6. If the operator you've selected has any other configurable settings, you'll see a subdialog of the
same name as the operator. Touch the tab to open the dialog and make any further settings. These
are explained on the dialog.
7. If you're creating a dual function, repeat the procedure for the second operator.
Adjusting Memory or Math Traces

Unlike channel traces, the scale of memory (Mn) or math function (Fn) traces can be adjusted directly
without having to create a separate zoom trace. The same set of zoom factor controls used for zoom
traces appear on the Zoom subdialog, but in this context they only rescale the active math or memory
trace rather than create a new zoom. This applies to any trace that is created as a math function (Fn)
trace, including traces generated through analysis options and graphs.
You can, if you wish, create a separate zoom trace from a memory or function trace the same as you
would normally create a zoom (draw a selection box, etc.). In this case, you choose one of the zoom
locations (Zn) in which to draw the trace, but the source trace remains at the original scale.
86
Math
List of Standard Math Operators

Track available only on HDO4000.
Note: There may be additional operators available depending on the software options installed on
the oscilloscope. The keyword to use in remote control programs appears in Summary on the Fn
dialog.
Absolute
Calculates distance away from zero for every point in the waveform. For values greater than zero, this is
the same as the value. For values less than zero, the magnitude of this value without regard to its sign is
used.
Average
Calculates either a summed or continuous average of a selected number of sweeps. See Averaging
Waveforms. The maximum number of sweeps is determined by the oscilloscope model and memory.
Derivative
Calculates the derivative of adjacent samples using the formula:
(next sample value – current sample value) / (horizontal sample interval)
Difference
For every point in the waveform, subtracts the value of Source2 from the value of Source1. Source1 and
Source2 must have the same horizontal and vertical units and scale.
Envelope
Calculates highest and lowest vertical values of a waveform at each horizontal value for a specified
number of sweeps.
ERes
Applies a noise reduction and smoothing filter by adding a specified number of bits. See Enhanced
Resolution.
FFT
Computes a frequency spectrum with optional Rectangular, Von Hann, Flat Topp, Hamming, Blackman-
Harris, and Hanning windows. Calculates up to 128 Mpts. Also allows FFT Averaging through use of a
second math operator. See FFT.
Floor
Calculates the lowest vertical values of a waveform at each horizontal value for a specified number of
sweeps.
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Integral
Calculates the linearly rescaled integral (with multiplier and adder) of a waveform input starting from the
left edge of the screen using the formula:
(current sample value + next sample value) * (horizontal sample interval)
Each calculated area is summed with the previous sum of areas. The multiplier and adder are applied
before the integration function.
Invert
For every point in the waveform, the inverse of that point is calculated.
Product
For every point in the waveform, the value of Source1 is multiplied by the value of Source 2. Source1 and
Source2 must have the same horizontal units and scale.
Ratio
For every point in the waveform, divides the value of Source1 by the value of Source2. Source1 and
Source2 must have the same horizontal units and scale.
Reciprocal
For every point in the waveform, calculates the inverse using the formula: 1 / (sample value).
Rescale
For every point in the waveform, multiplies the sample value by the specified Multiplier, then adds the
specified Additive Constant value. See Rescaling and Assigning Units.
Roof
Calculates the highest vertical values of a waveform at each horizontal value for a specified number of
sweeps.
Square
For every point in the waveform, calculates the square of the sample value.
Square Root
For every point in the waveform, calculates the square root of the sample value.
Sum
For every point in the waveform, adds the value of Source1 to the value of Source 2. Source1 and Source2
must have the same horizontal and vertical units and scale.
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Math
Track
Generates a waveform composed of measurement parameter values that are time synchronous with the
source waveform. The vertical units are those of the source parameter value; the horizontal units are
seconds. Values are posted at the sampling rate.
Trend
Produces a waveform composed of a series of measurement parameter values in the order the
measurements were taken. The vertical units are those of the source parameter; the horizontal unit is
measurement number. The trend contains a single value for each unique measurement.
Zoom
Produces a magnified trace of a selected portion of the input waveform. See Zooming Traces.
Average Function
The summed or continuous average of all data samples from multiple acquisitions can be displayed as a
new waveform trace using the Average function.
Setting Up Averaging
To apply Continuous or Summed Averaging as a Math function:
1. Follow the usual steps to set up a math fuction, selecting Average from the Basic Math submenu.
2. On the Average subdialog, choose Summed or Continuous.
3. Touch Sweeps and provide a value.
Tip: To quickly set up Continuous Averaging (only), access the channel setup dialog (Cn) and enter
the number of sweeps to average in Averaging.
Summed Averaging
Summed Averaging is the repeated addition, with equal weight, of successive source waveform records. If
a stable trigger is available, the resulting average has a random noise component lower than that of a
single-shot record. Whenever the maximum number of sweeps is reached, the averaging process stops. In
Summed averaging, you specify the number of acquisitions to be averaged. The averaged data is updated
at regular intervals.
An even larger number of records can be accumulated simply by changing the number in the dialog.
However, the other parameters must be left unchanged or a new averaging calculation will be started. You
can pause the averaging by changing the trigger mode from Normal/Autoto Stop. The instrument
resumes averaging when you change the trigger mode back to Normal/Auto.
You can reset the accumulated average by pushing the Clear Sweeps button or by changing an acquisition
parameter such as input gain, offset, coupling, trigger condition, timebase, or bandwidth limit. The number
of current averaged waveforms of the function, or its zoom, is shown in the acquisition status dialog. When
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summed averaging is performed, the display is updated at a reduced rate to increase the averaging speed
(points and events per second).
Continuous Averaging
Continuous Averaging, the default setting, is the repeated addition, with unequal weight, of successive
source waveforms. It is particularly useful for reducing noise on signals that drift very slowly in time or
amplitude. The most recently acquired waveform has more weight than all the previously acquired ones:
the continuous average is dominated by the statistical fluctuations of the most recently acquired
waveform. The weight of ‘old' waveforms in the continuous average tends to zero (following an
exponential rule) at a rate that decreases as the weight increases.
You determine the importance of new data vs. old data by assigning a weighting factor. The formula for
continuous averaging is:
new average = (new data + weight * old average)/(weight + 1)
By setting a Sweeps value, you establish a fixed weight that is assigned to the old average once the
number of sweeps is reached. For example, for a sweeps (weight) value of 4:
Sweep New Average =

1 (no old average yet) (new data +0 * old average)/(0 + 1) = new data only
2 (new data + 1*old average)/(1 + 1) = 1/2 new data +1/2 old average
3 (new data + 2 * old average)/(2 + 1) = 1/3 new data + 2/3 old average
Note: The number of sweeps used to compute the average is displayed at the bottom of the trace
descriptor box.
90
Math
ERes Function
ERes (Enhanced Resolution) filtering increases vertical resolution, allowing you to distinguish closely
spaced voltage levels. The instrument's ERes function is similar to smoothing the signal with a simple,
moving-average filter, but is more efficient concerning bandwidth and pass-band filtering. Use ERes:
l On single-shot acquisitions or where the data record is slowly repetitive (and you cannot use
averaging).
l To reduce noise on noticeably noisy signals when you do not need to perform noise measurements.
l As a low-pass filter. The ERes filter rejects high-frequency components from the signal. The higher
the bit enhancement, the lower the resulting bandwidth.
l When performing high-precision voltage measurements (e.g., zooming with high vertical gain).
Setting Up ERes
To apply ERes as a Math function:
1. Follow the usual steps to set up a math function, selecting Eres from the Filter submenu.
2. Touch the Trace On checkbox.
3. On the Eres subdialog, select the number of bits of improvement from the pop-up menu.
Tip: To quickly set up ERes as a pre-processing function, access the channel setup dialog (Cn) and
select a Noise Filter (ERes) bit size.
ERes Filtering
The instrument's ERes feature improves vertical resolution by a fixed amount for each filter. This real
increase in resolution occurs whether or not the signal is noisy, or whether it is single-shot or repetitive.
The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) improvement depends on the form of the noise in the original signal. ERes
filtering decreases the bandwidth of the signal, filtering out some of the noise.
The instrument's constant phase finite impulse response (FIR) filters provide fast computation, excellent
step response in 0.5 bit steps, and minimum bandwidth reduction for resolution improvements of between
0.5 and 3 bits. Each step corresponds to a bandwidth reduction factor of two, allowing easy control of the
bandwidth resolution trade-off.
Resolution Increase -3 dB Bandwidth (x Nyquist) Filter Length (Samples)
0.5 0.5 2
1.0 0.241 5
1.5 0.121 10
2.0 0.058 24
2.5 0.029 51
3.0 0.016 117
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With low-pass filters, the actual SNR increase obtained in any particular situation depends on the power
spectral density of the noise on the signal.
The improvement in SNR corresponds to the improvement in resolution if the noise in the signal is white
(evenly distributed across the frequency spectrum). If the noise power is biased towards high frequencies,
the SNR improvement will be better than the resolution improvement.
The opposite may be true if the noise is mostly at lower frequencies. SNR improvement due to the
removal of coherent noise signals—feed-through of clock signals, for example—is determined by the fall of
the dominant frequency components of the signal in the passband. This is easily ascertained using
spectral analysis. The filters have a precisely constant zero-phase response. This has two benefits. First,
the filters do not distort the relative position of different events in the waveform, even if the events'
frequency content is different. Second, because the waveforms are stored, the delay normally associated
with filtering (between the input and output waveforms) can be exactly compensated during the
computation of the filtered waveform.
The filters have been given exact unity gain at low frequency. ERes should therefore not cause overflow if
the source data is not overflowed. If part of the source trace were to overflow, filtering would be allowed,
but the results in the vicinity of the overflowed data—the filter impulse response length—would be
incorrect. This is because in some circumstances an overflow may be a spike of only one or two samples,
and the energy in this spike may not be enough to significantly affect the results. It would then be
undesirable to disallow the whole trace.
Note: While ERes improves the resolution of a trace, it cannot improve the accuracy or linearity of
the original quantization. The pass-band causes signal attenuation for signals near the cut-off
frequency. The highest frequencies passed may be slightly attenuated. Perform the filtering on
finite record lengths. Data is lost at the start and end of the waveform and the trace ends up
slightly shorter after filtering. The number of samples lost is exactly equal to the length of the
impulse response of the filter used: between 2 and 117 samples. Normally this loss (just 0.2 % of a
50,000 point trace) is not noticed. However, you might filter a record so short that no data is
output. In that case, however, the instrument would not allow you to use the ERes feature.
92
Math
FFT Function
For a large class of signals, you can gain greater insight by looking at spectral representation rather than
time description. Signals encountered in the frequency response of amplifiers, oscillator phase noise and
those in mechanical vibration analysis, for example, are easier to observe in the frequency domain.
If sampling is done at a rate fast enough to faithfully approximate the original waveform (usually five times
the highest frequency component in the signal), the resulting discrete data series will uniquely describe
the analog signal. This is of particular value when dealing with transient signals, which conventional swept
spectrum analyzers cannot handle.
While FFT has become a popular analysis tool, some care must be taken with it. In most instances,
incorrect positioning of the signal within the display grid will significantly alter the spectrum, producing
effects such as leakage and aliasing that distort the spectrum.
An effective way to reduce these effects is to maximize the acquisition record length. Record length
directly conditions the effective sampling rate and therefore determines the frequency resolution and
span at which spectral analysis can be carried out.
Setting Up FFT
1. Follow the usual steps to set up a math function, selecting FFT from the Frequency Analysis
submenu.
2. Open the FFT subdialog.
3. Choose an Output type.
4. If your Output Type is Power Spectrum, also enter Line Impedence. By default, the FFT function
assumes a termination of 50 Ohms. If an external terminator is being used, this setting can be
changed to properly calculate the FFT based on the new termination value.
5. Optionally, choose a weighting Window (see below).
6. Check the Suppress DC box to make the DC bin go to zero. Otherwise, leave it unchecked.
Choosing a Window
The choice of a spectral window is dictated by the signal's characteristics. Weighting functions control the
filter response shape, and affect noise bandwidth as well as side lobe levels. Ideally, the main lobe should
be as narrow and flat as possible to effectively discriminate all spectral components, while all side lobes
should be infinitely attenuated. The window type defines the bandwidth and shape of the equivalent filter
to be used in the FFT processing.
Rectangular windows provide the highest frequency resolution and are useful for estimating the type of
harmonics present in the signal. Because the rectangular window decays as a (SinX)/X function in the
spectral domain, slight attenuation will be induced. Functions with less attenuation (Flat Top and
Blackman-Harris) provide maximum amplitude at the expense of frequency resolution, whereas Hamming
and Von Hann are good for general purpose use with continuous waveforms.
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Window Type Applications and Limitations

Rectangular Normally used when the signal is transient (completely contained in the time-domain window)
or known to have a fundamental frequency component that is an integer multiple of the fun-
damental frequency of the window. Signals other than these types will show varying amounts of
spectral leakage and scallop loss, which can be corrected by selecting another type of window.
Hanning (Von Hann) Reduces leakage and improves amplitude accuracy. However, frequency resolution is also
& Hamming reduced.
Flat Top Provides excellent amplitude accuracy with moderate reduction of leakage, but with reduced
frequency resolution.
Blackman-Harris Reduces leakage to a minimum, but with reduced frequency resolution.
FFT Window Filter Parameters

Highest Side Lobe
Window Type Scallop Loss (dB) ENBW (bins) Coherent Gain (dB)
(dB)
Rectangular -13 3.92 1.0 0.0
Von Hann -32 1.42 1.5 -6.02
Hamming -43 1.78 1.37 -5.35
Flat Top -44 0.01 3.43 -11.05
Blackman-Harris -67 1.13 1.71 -7.53
94
Math
Rescale Function
The Rescale function allows you to create a new function trace that rescales another trace by applying a
multiplication factor (a) and additive constant (b). You can also use it as a way to view the function source
in a different unit of measure.
Setting Up Rescaling
1. Follow the usual steps to set up a math function, selecting Rescale from the Functions submenu.
2. Touch the Rescale subdialog tab.
3. To modify the scale of output:
l Check the First multiply by: box and enter the number of units equal to 1 V (a, the multiplication
factor).
l Touch then add: and enter b, the additive constant.
4. To change the output unit of measure from that of the source waveform:
l Check Override units.
l In Output enter the code for the new unit of measure.
You can combine units following these rules:
l For the quotient of two units, use the character "/"
l For the product of two units, use the character "."
l For exponents, append the digit to the unit without a space (e.g., "S2" for seconds squared)
Note: Some complex units are automatically converted to simple units. For example, V.A
becomes W).
5. You can further override the output unit by selecting from the Units dialog. Only units in the
equivalent dimension as the unit of the Rescale function trace are available for selection.
Units of Measure
Units are automatically rescaled up or down within the list of standard, SI prefixes based on the relative
size of the signal. For example a 1000 V reading is shown as 1 kV, while .1 V is shown as 100 mV. When
the multiplication factor is 1 V = 1 Pascal, a 10 millivolt (mV) reading is displayed as 10 mPa rather than
.001 Pa or 100e-3 Pa.
Following are the supported SI units of measure and the mnemonics used to represent them on the
Rescale dialog.
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Note: These same mnemonics can be used in remote control programs and customization
scripts. Specify only the base unit in code, do not add prefixes.
Note: Time and dimensionless units are available only for certain measurements and for use in
code where relevant.
Category Unit Mnemonic

Mass gram G
slug SLUG
Volume liter L
cubic meter M3
cubic inch IN3
cubic foot FT3
cubic yard YARD3
Angle radian RAD
arcdegree DEG
arcminute MNT
arcsecond SEC
cycle CYCLE
revolution REV
turn TURN
Force/Weight Newton N
grain GR
ounce OZ
pound LB
Velocity meters/second M/S

inches/second IN/S
feet/second FT/S
yards/second YARD/S
miles/second MILE/S
Acceleration meters/second2 M/S2
inches/second2 IN/S2
feet/second2 FT/S2
standard gravity GN
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Math

Pressure Pascal PAL
bar BAR
atmosphere, technical AT
atmosphere, standard ATM
Torr TORR
pounds/square inch PSI
Temperature degrees Kelvin K
degrees Celsius CEL

degrees Fahrenheit FAR
Energy Joule J
British Thermal Unit BTU
calorie CAL
Rotating Machine radians/second RADPS
frequency (Hertz) HZ
revolutions/second RPS
revolutions/minute RPM
torque N•m NM
torque in•oz INOZ
torque in•lb INLB
torque ft•lb FTLB
power, mechanical (Watt) W
horsepower HP
Magnetic Weber WB
Tesla T
inductance (Henry) H
magnetic field strength A/M
permeability HENRYPM
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Electrical Ampere A
Volt V
Watt W
power, apparent VA
power, reactive VAR
power factor PF
capacitance (Farad) F
Coulomb C
Ohm OHM
Siemen SIE
electrical field strength V/M
electrical displacement field CPM2
permittivity FARADPM
conductivity SIEPM
Time second S
minute MIN
hour HOUR
day DAY
week WEEK
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Math

Dimensionless percent PCT
percent min-max PCTMNMX
decibel DB
decibel milliwatt DBM
decibel Volt DBV
decibel millivolt DBMV
decibel microvolt DBUV
decibel microampere DBUA

decibel referred to carrier DBC
decade DECADE
unit interval UI
Q-scale Q
bit BIT
byte BYTE
baud BAUD
least significant bit LSB
poise POISE
parts per million PPM
pixel PIXEL
division DIV
event EVENT
sample SAMPLE
segment SEG
sweep SWEEP
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Math Dialog
Once a math function has been created and saved on the Function (Fn) dialog, use the main Math dialog
to quickly enable/disable it. You can also use this dialog to quickly turn on/off zoom traces.
To open the Math dialogs, touch the front panel Math button, or from the menu bar choose Math > Math
Setup. Select the On checkbox next to each function you wish to display.
To modify a function, touch the Fn button.
To erase all functions from their locations, touch Reset All.
To restart the counter on cumulative functions (like Average), touch Clear Sweeps.
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Memory
Memory
The instrument is equipped with internal memory slots (Mn) to which you can copy any waveform that is
active on the grid. This is a convenient way to store an acquisition for later viewing and analysis.
Memories can be used as source inputs for most oscilloscope math and measurements, allowing you to
compare historical data to a live acquisition or perform "what if" modeling on saved acquisitions.
Saving Memories
Store memories on the Memory dialogs (Mn). Memories are created at the same scale as the source
trace, but they can be adjusted independently by using the zoom factor controls that appear next to the
Mn dialogs.
Save Waveform to Memory
Tip: Try to choose an empty slot, as anything currently stored in that location will be overwritten. All
memories will state if they are empty or an acquisition is stored there.
On oscilloscopes with OneTouch, touch the Add New box and choose Memory until you see an empty
memory slot. Drag the descriptor box of the trace you wish to store onto the Mn descriptor box.
Or
1. Press the front panel Mem button or choose Math > Memory Setup to open the Memories dialog.
2. Touch the Mn tab corresponding to the memory slot you wish to use.
3. In Copy from Waveform, choose the source trace to copy to memory.
4. Touch Copy Now.
5. Optionally, check Trace On to immediately display the memory. Use the Zoom controls to adjust
the scale of the memory trace.
Save (External) Waveform Files to Memory

Trace (.trc) files saved on other Teledyne LeCroy instruments can also be saved to internal memory. Use
the Recall Waveform function to save external files to memory. Then, you can use the Memories dialog to
restore them to the touch screen.
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Restoring Memories
The Memories dialog is a convenient panel for restoring saved memories to the display.
Access the Memories dialog by pressing the front panel Mem button or choosing Math > Memory Setup.
Check On next to the memory trace you wish to display. A description of the memory showing the source
channel and creation time appears next to each Mn on the dialog.
Touch Clear All Memories to empty the memory banks.
Caution: Memories cannot be restored once they have been erased.
102
Analysis Tools
Analysis Tools
The Analysis menu tools complement the standard math and measurements to help you understand the
behavior of waveforms.
WaveScan searches single or multiple acquisitions for events that meet specific criteria.
Pass/Fail Testing shows whether waveforms meet mask test limits.
Optional software packages may be purchased for specialized uses, such as power analysis. In most
cases, these options are added to the Analysis menu. Documentation for software options can be found at
teledynelecroy.com/support/techlib under Manuals > Software Options. In addition, documentation for
many options available on your platform can be found in the MAUI Support site under the Support menu.
WaveScan
The WaveScan® Search and Find tool enables you to search for unusual events in a single capture, or to
scan for a particular event in many acquisitions over a long period of time. Each Scan Mode is optimized to
find a different type of event. Results are time stamped, tabulated, and can be viewed individually.
WaveScan window with different scan "views" turned on.
You customize the presentation by choosing different WaveScan displays, called Scan Views. Optionally,
set actions, such as stopping or beeping, to occur automatically when unusual events are found.
Note: The instrument reverts to Real-time sampling mode when WaveScan is enabled.
103
Setting Up WaveScan
Set up your source channel and triggers before setting up the scan.
1. Press the front panel Stop button to stop acquisition.
2. Choose Analysis > WaveScan.
3. Check Enable.
4. Choose the Source waveform.
5. Choose the Scan Mode and enter values for any additional settings that appear at the right of the
dialog based on your selection.
6. Select each Scan View in which you wish to display results by checking the box at the bottom of the
dialog. Each view selected is displayed simultaneously.
7. Optionally, choose an Action to trigger when an event that meets your scan criteria is found.
8. Restart acquisition.
Scan Modes
The Scan Mode determines the type of search to be performed. Select the Mode along with the Source
trace to be searched on the main WaveScan dialog. For each mode, different controls appear on the
WaveScan dialog, providing additional inputs to the search criteria. Make the appropriate entries in these
fields before starting the search.
Edge Mode
Edge Mode is used for detecting the occurrence of edges. Events that meet the threshold level are
captured and tabulated. When the acquisition is stopped, scan filters can be applied to the edges to find
specific characteristics. Edge Mode settings are:
l Slope. Choose Pos, Neg, or Both.
l Level is (set in...). Choose Percent or Absolute.
l Percent/Absolute Level. Enter a threshold value as a percentage of Top to Base or voltage level.
104
Analysis Tools
Non-monotonic Mode
Non-monotonic Mode looks for edges that cross a threshold more than once between high and low levels.
All events that meet the criteria of slope, hysteresis, and level are presented in a table and highlighted in
the source trace. The value displayed in the table is the difference of the max. and min. of the non-
monotonicity. This can be confirmed with cursors. The hysteresis value is used to eliminate noise. A non-
monotonicity is detected only when its amplitude is greater than the hysteresis. Therefore, when setting a
hysteresis level, set a value that is greater than the amplitude of the noise. Settings are:
l Slope. Choose Pos, Neg, or Both.
l Hysteresis is (set in...). Choose Division, Percent, Absolute.
l Division/Percent/Absolute. Enter hysteresis level in the selected unit.
l Levels are (set in...). Choose Percent, Absolute, or Pk-Pk%.
l High/Low Level. Enter top and bottom thresholds in the selected unit.
Runt Mode
Runt Mode looks for pulses that fail to cross a specified threshhold. You can search for positive-going or
negative-going runts, or both. An adjustable hysteresis band is provided to eliminate noise.
In the case of negative-going runt pulses, the value displayed in the table is the difference (delta) of the
high level of the signal and the runt amplitude (i.e., where the runt bottoms out). This can be confirmed by
placing cursors on the runt pulse and reading the delta Y value in the trace labels. In the case of positive-
going runt pulses, the value displayed in the table is the absolute value of the amplitude of the runt pulse.
Runt Mode settings are:
l Runt Type. Choose Both, Pos, or Neg.
l Hysteresis. Enter the hysteresis level as a percentage or voltage.
l Low/High Threshold. Enter the levels as a percentage or voltage.
l Absolute Levels. Check this box to enter levels as absolute voltage instead of percentage.
Measurement Mode
Measurement Mode is used for applying filters to measurements to find those that meet your defined
criteria, helping to isolate particular events within many samples. Markers appear over the source trace to
indicate the location of measurement, while the table displays values for the selected parameter that
meet the criteria. Measurement Mode settings are:
l Measurement. Choose the measurement parameter you wish to search.
l Filter Method. Choose the operator that indicates the desired relationship to the Filter Limit. Only
measurements that meet this criteria are returned.
l Filter Limit. Enter the value that completes the filter criteria.
Alternatively, you can use the Filter Wizard to create the filter criteria.
105
Serial Pattern Mode

Not available on WaveSurfer oscilloscopes, Serial Pattern Mode is used for finding 2- to 64-bit patterns in
digital sequences. It is ideal for bursted patterns where a PLL cannot lock. Serial Pattern Mode settings
are:
l Viewing. Choose to enter the pattern as Binary or Hex(adecimal).
l Binary/Hex. Enter the pattern.
l Num. Patterns to detect. Enter a whole number.
Bus Pattern Mode

Bus Pattern Mode (only on Mixed Signal models) is used for finding 2- to 16-bit patterns across the digital
lines. Bus Pattern Mode settings are:
l Viewing. Choose to enter the pattern as Binary or Hex(adecimal).
l Binary/Hex. Enter the pattern.
l Num. Patterns to detect. Enter a whole number.
Scan Views
Scan Views are different ways to view your WaveScan results. Just check the boxes at the bottom of the
WaveScan dialog for those views you wish to display simultaneously.
Additional controls for Zoom view are on the Zn dialog. If you turn on a zoom from that dialog, you must
turn it off from there, too.
Source Trace
By default, the source trace is displayed in the top grid, with markers indicating points that meet the
search criteria.
Table
Table view displays a table of measurements relevant to your chosen Search Mode next to the source
trace. Times view adds columns to the table showing Start and Stop Times for each event.
Zoom
Zoom view works exactly as it does elsewhere in the X-Stream software, creating a new trace that is a
magnified section of the source trace. A Zn tab appears by default when you launch WaveScan; see zoom
factor controls for an explanation of the remainder of the controls found on this dialog.
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Analysis Tools
WaveScan Search
Search is used to find events in traces—usually zoom (Zn) traces—that match user-defined criteria. To
search within WaveScan:
1. Select the Zoom view.
2. After stopping the acquisition, open the WScanZ1 dialog that appears behind the WaveScan dialog.
3. Use the Prev and Next buttons to move back or forward within the trace to the events that
matched your Scan Modes criteria.
Or
If you know the WaveScan table index (row) number of the event you wish to find, enter it in Idx.
107
PASS/FAIL Testing
PASS/FAIL testing is a type of mask testing that is particularly useful for comparing newly acquired signals
to a previously acquired "golden standard" waveform.
Mask Testing
A mask defines an area of the grid against which a source Channel, Zoom, or Math trace is compared.
Test conditions are associated with the mask, defining how the waveform is to be compared to the
masked area (e.g., some/all values fall within, some/all values fall outside), and a pass or fail result is
returned indicating the condition was found to be true or false.
Mask testing can be done using a pre-defined mask or a mask created from a waveform with user-defined
vertical and horizontal tolerances. The mask test can be confined to just a portion of the trace by the use
of a measurement gate.
Access Mask Test Dialogs

Choose Analysis > Pass/Fail Setup to display the Pass/Fail dialog. To the right are the Test, Load Mask,
Make Mask, and Gate subdialogs where you manage all mask settings.
Make Mask
Use this procedure to create a new mask based on a live waveform. The mask covers the area of the
waveform plus the boundaries you enter.
1. Open the Make Mask subdialog.
2. If desired, enter a new Destination File Name and path, or touch Browse and select a previous file to
overwrite. The file name should end with the .msk extension.
3. Touch the Ver Delta and Hor Delta fields and enter boundary values using the pop-up Virtual Keypad
or the front panel Adjust knob.
4. Touch Make from Trace.
Load Mask
Do this instead of Make Mask if you have a pre-defined mask file.
1. Open the Load Mask subdialog.
2. To use a saved .msk file, touch File and select the mask.
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Analysis Tools
3. Check View Mask to display the mask over the trace.
Remove a Mask from the Display

Touch the Delete button on the Load Mask subdialog.
Set Gates
To limit the section of the waveform that is compared to the mask.
1. Open the Gate subdialog.
2. Enter the Start and Stop horizontal divisions that mark the section of the waveform to be tested.
These can be a whole division or a fraction of a division. Divisions are numbered 1-n left to right.
Tip: You can also drag the gate posts from the extreme left and right of the grid to the
desired position.
Define "True"
1. Open the Test subdialog.
2. Select one of the conditions that, when true (yes), results in a pass or fail.
3. Optionally, turn On markers to show where on the waveform mask violations have occurred.
Run Test
1. On the main Pass/Fail dialog, select whether the "true" result constitutes a Pass or a Fail.
2. Select any actions to take when the test produces this result:
l Save a waveform file
l Stop the test
l Sound an Alarm
l Emit a Pulse from the AUX OUT connector. When taking this action, also go to Utilities >
Utilities Setup > Aux Output and choose to Use Auxilliary Output For Pass/Fail.
l Capture the screen and process it according to your Hardcopy(Print) setting
l Create a LabNotebook Entry
3. Select the Testing checkbox at the far left of the Pass/Fail dialog. The results of your test will
appear in a table below the grid as soon as there is a fresh acquisition.
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Saving Data (File Functions)

This topics in this sections explain the instrument's File menu functions.
Save/Recall features allow you to save and restore setups, waveform data, table data, screen captures,
LabNotebooks, and reports. You can use Print or E-mail to share these files.
LabNotebook is Teledyne LeCroy's proprietary tool for capturing a composite file containing waveform
data, oscilloscope setups and display, which can be output to a preformatted report. An important feature
of LabNotebook is Flashback, which enables you to restore an acquisition (and the setups used to create
it) to the oscilloscope screen simply by recalling a LabNotebook entry.
Save
Oscilloscope setups (configurations), waveform data, tabular data, and the display can all be saved in
multiple formats.To save them all as a composite LabNotebook file, see Save LabNotebook.
Save Waveform
The Save Waveform function saves trace data either to internal memory (M1-Mn) or to a file in text or
binary format. The source waveform can be any type of trace; a channel, math function, zoom, or even
another memory. Waveform files can be recalled into an internal memory, from where they can be
restored to the display.
Note: Only traces saved in Teledyne LeCroy proprietary formats can be recalled to the display. Use
the Binary format (.trc) for analog waveforms, or WaveML (.xml) for digital waveforms.
Save Waveform To Memory

1. From the menu bar, choose File > Save Waveform.
2. Choose to Save To Memory.
3. Choose the Source trace you are saving.
4. Optionally, select Show On Save to display the memory trace with its source as soon as it is saved.
5. Touch the Save button directly to the left of the selected Destination memory slot. The date/time
stamp of the saved memory will appear at that location.
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Save Waveform To File

1. From the menu bar, choose File > Save Waveform.
2. Choose to Save To File.
3. Choose the Source waveform. To quickly save all displayed waveforms separate trace files, touch
the All Displayed button.
4. Select a file Format. Binary is Teledyne LeCroy's .trc file format. Binary results in the smallest
possible file size. Binary files can be converted to ASCII using Teledye LeCroy utilities such as
WaveStudio.
5. If your Format is ASCII, touch Delimiter and select a character from the pop-up menu.
6. Depending on your Format selection, you may also need to specify a SubFormat:
l Word (Binary) represents samples using 16 bits. Always use this unless Byte mode is "pre."
l Byte (Binary) represents samples using 8 bits. This option can result in a loss of resolution.
l Auto (Binary) looks at the data and automatically selects either Word or Byte subformat.
l Amplitude only (Text) includes amplitude data for each sample, but not time data.
l Time and Amplitude (Text) includes both types of data for each sample.
l With Header (Text) includes a file header with scaling information.
7. The system will auto name the file <Source>-Trace-<Counter>. To change the file name or
Selected Folder, enter the full path and name in File, or use the File Browser. By default, trace files
are saved to D:\Waveforms on the instrument hard drive.
8. If you do not want to use the Source prefix or Counter number, deselect them.
9. Touch Save Now.
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Save Setup
You can quickly save oscilloscope configurations to one of the internal setup panels or to a LeCroy System
Setup (.lss) file, a text-based Automation program. Setups can be easily recalled to restore the
oscilloscope to the saved state.
Save Setup to Memory

1. From the menu bar, choose File > Save Setup.
2. Choose to Save To Memory.
3. If desired, touch one of the Setup slots and enter a name for the memory. The default name will be
Paneln. Try to select an empty slot, as anything currently in it will be overwritten.
4. Touch the Save button directly to the left of the selected Setup slot. The save date/time is
displayed above the Setup field.
Save Setup to File

1. From the menu bar, choose File > Save Setup.
2. Choose to Save To File.
3. The system will auto name the file "DSOSetup-<counter>". To change the file name or Selected
Folder, enter the full path and name in File, or use the File Browser. By default, setup files are saved
to D:\Setups on the instrument hard drive.
4. If you do not want to use the Counter number, deselect it.
5. Touch Save Now.
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Save Table
The Save Table function saves tabular measurement data displayed on screen to an Excel or ASCII file.
1. From the menu bar, choose File > Save, then choose Table.
2. To save only one of the tables displayed, touch Source and navigate to the selection.
By default, data from all visible tables are saved to separate files. To quickly restore this selection,
touch the All Displayed button.
3. Choose a format of ASCII (.txt) or Excel (.csv). If you selected ASCII format, also touch Delimiter
and choose a character.
4. The system will auto name the file "<source>-Table-<counter>". To change the file name or
Selected Folder, enter the full path and name in File, or use the File Browser. By default, table files
are saved to D:\Tables on the instrument hard drive.
5. If you do not want to use the Source or Counter number, deselect them.
6. Touch Save Now.
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Save Screen Image

The full touch screen display or selected portions of it can be captured, saved to an image file, and marked
with custom annotations.
1. From the menu bar, choose File > Save, then choose Screen Image.
2. Choose a File Format of .JPEG, .PNG, .TIF, or .BMP.
3. To mark up the screen image using the drawing tools, select Annotate Screen Image Before
Saving.
4. Select the Screen Area captured:
l Grid Area Only includes any visible waveform grids, tables, and descriptor boxes.
l DSO Window includes the above plus any open dialogs, menu bar, and message bar.
l Full Screen is the full Windows display, including other visible applications and desktop.
5. Choose the Colors used in the capture:
l Standard uses the screen colors on a black background as it appears on the instrument.
l Print (default) uses your print color palette (set in Preferences) on a white background to save
ink.
l Black & White captures the image in grayscale.
6. The system will auto name the file "LeCroy-<counter>". To change the file name or Selected Folder,
enter the full path and name in File, or use the File Browser. By default, image files are saved to
D:\Hardcopy on the instrument hard drive.
7. Touch Save Now.
8. If you've turned on annotations, use the Drawing toolbar to mark up the screen image. Click Done
when finished.
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Auto Save
Data that appears on the oscilloscope display, such as waveforms, measurement readouts and decoder
data, can be very dynamic and difficult to read from the oscilloscope unless you stop the acquisition.
Auto Save enables you to automatically store waveform and table data to file with each new trigger. The
file can later be recalled to the oscilloscope or saved permanently to external storage.
1. Choose File > Save and open the Auto Save dialog.
2. Select to save Waveforms and/or Tables.
3. Select the Source from which to save.
4. By default, waveform files are stored in D:\Waveforms, and tables are stored in D:\Tables on the
instrument hard drive. Optionally:
l Enter a different path in File, or Browse to and select the path.
l Enter a more descriptive root file name than "Trace" or "Table." Auto Saved files will always be
named using the Source prefix and a Counter number suffix around the root.
5. Choose one of the Auto Save options: Wrap (old files overwritten when buffer filled) or Fill (no files
overwritten, excess is truncated).
If you have frequent triggers, it is possible you will eventually run out of storage space. Choose Wrap
only if you're not concerned about files persisting on the instrument. If you choose Fill, plan to
periodically delete or move files off the instrument, or you will lose new data.
6. To enable these selections, choose Configure Auto Save from the pop-up dialog that appears.
7. As soon as there is a trigger, files will begin to be saved. Choose Disable Auto Save to stop saving
files while the acquisition is in process.
You can also choose Off on the Auto Save dialog to disable this feature in between acquisitions.
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Recall
Setups saved to internal memory or to .LSS file can be recalled to restore the oscilloscope to the saved
state.
Waveform data stored to .TRC or .XML files can be recalled into a memory and from there restored to the
screen.
To recall and modify saved LabNotebook files, see Recall LabNotebook.
Recall Waveform
Note: Only files saved in Binary (.trc) or WaveML (.xml) format can be recalled to the touch screen.
1. Choose File > Recall Waveform from the menu bar.
2. Touch Browse and navigate to the file.
If the file is in the Selected Folder, you can use the Up /Down Arrows to cycle through the available
files until the desired file is selected.
Optionally, touch Show only files to apply a search filter (channels, math functions, or memory) to
the list of available files.
3. Select a Destination memory slot into which to recall the file.
4. Mark Show on Recall to display the trace on the grid.
5. Touch Recall Now.
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Recall Setup
Choose File > Recall Setup... from the menu bar.
Recall Setup from Memory

1. Choose to Recall From Memory.
2. Touch one of the six Recall buttons under Recall From Internal Setup....
Note: If a setup has been stored to a location, it is labeled with the save date/time. Otherwise, the
slot is labeled Empty.
Recall Setup from File

1. Choose to Recall From File.
2. Enter the path to the File, or touch Browse and navigate to the desired file.
If the file is in the Selected Folder, you can use the Up /Down Arrows to cycle through the available
files until the desired file is selected.
3. Under Recall File, touch Recall Now.
Restore Default Setup

Restore the factory default settings by pressing the front panel Default Setup button. Confirm the action.
You can also restore default settings via the touch screen:
1. Choose File > Recall Setup from the menu bar.
3. Under Recall Default touch Recall Now.
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LabNotebook
The LabNotebook feature allows you to create and save composite files containing a screen capture of all
displayed waveforms, as well as all waveform and setup data at the time of capture. The Flashback
feature instantly recalls the setups and waveforms stored with LabNotebook Entries, enabling you to
restore the exact state of the instrument at a later date to perform additional analysis.
LabNotebooks can be output to a preformatted .PDF, .RTF, or .HTML report. You can also upload your
own report layout if you prefer not to use the default.
Save LabNotebook
All LabNotebook files (.LNB) are composed of a screen image (.PNG), a setup file (LSS), and a waveform
file (.TRC) for each waveform displayed. When creating LabNotebooks, you choose how to handle the
screen image component, which is the basis for the Report Generator output, and to which you can add a
description and other hand-drawn annotations.
1. Choose File > Save LabNotebook from the menu bar.
2. Optionally, enter a Description. This text appears whenever the file is recalled and on reports.
3. To mark up the image using the drawing tools, select Annotate Screen Image Before Saving.
To skip this step, deselect the checkbox. You can recall the LabNotebook later to add a description
and annotations.
4. To change the area of the screen captured and the colors used, touch Area/Color Preferences and
make your selections on the pop-up:
l Use Print Colors (default) uses your print color palette (set in Preferences) on a white
background to save ink. Deselect this to capture the display using the screen colors on a black
background as it appears on the instrument.
l Full Screen is the full Windows display, including other visible applications and wallpaper.
Touch Close to save your changes.
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5. The system will auto name the file "MyLabNotebook" followed by a counter number. To change this
to something more descriptive, or to change the file path, enter the name in LabNotebook Entry, or
touch Browse and use the File Browser. By default, LabNotebook files are saved to D:\LabNotebook
on the instrument hard drive.
Note: Changing the file path, name or format will cause the counter to reset to the next
number in that sequence.
6. If you do not want to use autonumbering to identify files, deselect Counter.
7. Touch Save Now.
8. If annotating, use the Drawing toolbar to mark up the screen image. Click Done when finished.
LabNotebook Drawing Toolbar

The basic LabNotebook is a screen capture of the display as it was at the time of entry, along with the
setup and waveform data. If you have selected to Annotate Screen Image Before Saving, the capture is
immediately displayed in the Drawing window. You can later add Annotations by recalling the
LabNotebook into the Preview window and choosing to Annotate Screen Image.
Markup tools are available from the toolbar along the top of the window.
To use any tool, touch the icon, then touch on the image where you wish to draw or add text. From left to
right, the tools are:
Tool Function
Pencil Draw in freehand. Maintain contact with the screen to make a continuous mark. Once you release,
you can touch-and-drag the object to any point on the image.
Circle Draw a circle around a waveform feature that you want to emphasize. Touch-and-drag across the
diameter of the circle. When you release, the circle is placed. You can drag the circle to any loc-
ation on the image.
Arrow Draw lines with arrowheads for placing callouts. You can rotate these lines through 360 degrees
or drag them to any location on the image.
Text Open a textbox for placing labels/annotations on the image. Touch the point on the image to place
the label, then enter the text in the pop-up dialog. Once placed, you can resize the textbox or drag
it to any location on the image.
RGB Selectors Quickly change the line color. Just touch the color icon, then choose the next drawing tool.
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Tool Function
More Activates a Custom line color field. The default color is Yellow. To choose another, touch the color
swatch, then select from the Color dialog. You can enter RGB values, or choose from the spec-
trum. After saving, the new color appears in the Custom field. This remains the markup color until
you choose another.
Erase Selected / Remove selected drawing objects. Erase All will also undo any Custom color selection.
Erase All
Undo Cancel the last action. Use it to restore any objects you inadvertently erased.
Move Undock the drawing toolbar so you can move it anywhere on the display. This helps to keep tools
handy when working on a particular area of a waveform. Touch the button again to restore the tool-
bar to the top of the Drawing window.
Done Save the annotations with the image and close the Drawing window.
Recall LabNotebook
Once a LabNotebook Entry is saved, Recall it to view and modify descriptive information or manage
attachments and component files. Flashback to restore the oscilloscope to the state saved in the
LabNotebook file.
Choose File > Recall LabNotebook from the menu bar.
Flashback
Flashback restores the waveforms and setups saved with the LabNotebook Entry, so you can later analyze
the inputs that resulted in that capture. Some result data not included in Flashback are:
l Persistence data, although it is saved with the .LNB file and appears on reports.
l Histogram data over 16-bits.
l Floating point waveforms resulting from certain math operations that have much higher resolution
than 16-bits. This extra resolution is not preserved when traces are recalled using Flashback.
l Cumulative Measurements in process when Flashback is entered. When Flashback is used, they lose
their history and show instead only the results from the stored waveforms, not including any data
taken from interim acquisitions.
1. In LabNotebook Entry, enter the path to the LabNotebook, or touch Browse and navigate to the file.
2. Touch the Flashback button.
3. To exit Flashback, touch the Undo button at the far right of the menu bar.
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Recall and Preview

1. Enter the path to the file in LabNotebook Entry, or touch Browse and navigate to the file.
2. Touch View On/Off to open it in the Preview window.
3. While the file is in preview, you may Edit Description, Annotate Screen Image, or Manage
Attachments.
4. Optionally, choose to Save, Print, or Email the LabNotebook in the output report format shown in the
preview. Select Close to close the Preview window.
Edit Description
You can modify the description and annotations saved with the LabNotebook Entry. Setups and waveform
data originally saved with the LabNotebook cannot be changed.
1. Browse to and select the LabNotebook Entry. If the file is in the Selected Folder, just use the
Up/Down Arrow keys to select it.
2. Select View On/Off to preview the file.
3. From the top of the preview window, choose Edit Description.
4. Touch the pop-up description to open the virtual keyboard and edit the text.
5. Touch OK twice to save changes.
Annotate Screen Image

3. From the top of the preview window, choose Annotate Screen Image and use the drawing tools.
4. Click Done when finished to close the Drawing window and return to the preview.
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Manage Attachments
To append external files to the LabNotebook composite (such as images of the DUT, mask files, test
scripts, or anything relevant to the entry):
3. From the top of the preview window, choose Manage Attachments and select the files to attach.
The file list will build in the lower part of the File Attachments browser.
4. Click Update Attachments to finish.
To later remove appended files, Manage Attachments and deselect the files from the list. Update
Attachments again to refresh the list.
Convert File Format

Individual entries in legacy .ZIP format Notebooks can be converted to the new LabNotebook file format.
1. In LabNotebook Entry, Browse to and select the legacy .zip file from the left side navigation pane of
the File Browser.
Note: Be sure to select the .zip file from the left pane so that its sub-entries appear in the
right pane and the Save buttons appear on the browser. The file should appear in Current
Path on the file browser.
2. To batch convert all entries into separate LabNotebook files, at the top of the file browser choose
Save All As LNB Files.
To convert a single entry, select it from the Name list (right side), then choose Save As LNB File.
New LabNotebooks of the same name as the original entries are created in the D:\XPort folder. These can
be selected the same as any other .LNB files for Flashback, editing, reports, or extraction.
Extract Files
The component files that make up the LabNotebook composite (.PNG, .LSS, and .TRC) and any appended
files can be extracted into separate files.
1. Enter the path to the LabNotebook Entry, or Browse to the file.
2. To extract all files, under Content Management, choose Extract Files.
To extract only the attachments, choose Extract Attachments.
3. Navigate to the folder where you want the files extracted, and choose Extract Now.
A folder of the same name as the original LabNotebook containing the separate files will be created
at that location.
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Report Generator
The Report Generator feature allows you to output a preformatted report consisting of an annotated
screen image and a summary of the setups in place when it was captured. The report can be sourced
from an existing LabNotebook, or it can be newly generated from the current state of the oscilloscope.
The logo and output template used to create the report can be changed on the Email & Report Settings
dialog.
From LabNotebook
This procedure outputs an existing source as is. If you want to further annotate or change the description
of a LabNotebook file, first recall the LabNotebook.
1. Choose File > Report Generator from the menu bar.
2. Browse to and select the LabNotebook Entry. If it is in the Selected Folder, just use the Up/Down
Arrow keys to select it.
3. Optionally, use View On/Off to preview the selected file.
4. Choose a Save Format of HTML, .RTF, or .PDF.
Note: Only HTML reports can later be saved to .RTF or .PDF format. The .RTF and .PDF
reports can only be combined into another report of the same format.
5. By default, the system will auto name the file "Report" followed by a counter number. To change the
file name or the Selected Folder, enter the full path and name in Save Report File, or touch Browse
and use the File Browser. By default, report files are saved to the D:\Xport folder on the instrument
hard drive.
Note: Changing the file path, name, or format will cause the counter to reset to the next
number in that sequence.
6. If you do not want to use autonumbering, deselect Counter.
7. To save the report, choose Save Now.
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From Current State

If you are creating a report from the current state of the instrument, the procedure is much like that above,
except that you will also be able to enter a new Description, Annotate Screen Image, and select your
capture Area/Color Preferences as you would normally do when first creating a LabNotebook. See Save
LabNotebook for an explanation of these steps.
However, when using the Report Generator from Current State, you will not have saved a composite .LNB
file that can later be recalled or extracted into its component files. You will only have the preformatted
report file.
Share
Use the File Sharing dialog to email files from the instrument. Configure the oscilloscope for email on the
Email & Report Settings dialog.
1. Choose File > File Sharing from the menu bar.
2. Use the File Browser to select all the files to be emailed.
Use CTRL + Click to select multiple files.
3. Optionally, change the email Recipient(s). This field defaults to whatever is in your Email Settings.
4. Enter a Subject line and Message Body, then Share Now.
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Print
Print dialog settings control how the oscilloscope's Print function behaves. This includes the front panel
Print buttons, as well as the File > Print option.
Print captures an image of the touch screen display, but there are several options as to what it does next
with the image:
l Send it to a Printer
l Copy it to the Windows Clipboard
l Save it to an image File using your current Screen Image Preferences
l Email an image file using your current Screen Image Preferences and Email Preferences
l Create a new LabNotebook file using your current LabNotebook Preferences
The Print Now button at the far right of the Print dialog can also be used to execute your Print selection.
Printer Settings
If sending to a printer:
1. Touch Select Destination and choose a connected printer. Touch Properties to change any of the
printer properties using the standard Windows Print dialog.
2. Choose a paper orientation of Portrait or Landscape.
3. Select Annotate Before Saving to mark up captures before they print. Each time you press Print,
the capture will open in the Drawing Tools window. When you are Done drawing, the image prints.
Capture Settings
1. Select a Screen Area:
l Full Screen is the full Windows display, including other visible applications and wallpaper.
2. Choose the Colors used in the capture:

l Standard uses the screen colors on a black background as it appears on the instrument.
l Print uses your print color palette (set in Utilities > Preference Setup) on a white background
l Black & White captures the image in grayscale.
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Email & Report Settings

This dialog contains additional settings used by the File Sharing and Report Generator functions.
Email Settings
1. Select to use MAPI or SMTP.
2. If you chose SMTP, touch SMTP Server and enter the network address of your mail server.
3. Touch Originator Address (From:) and enter the instrument's e-mail address.
4. Touch Default Recipient Address (To:) and enter the recipient's e-mail address.
5. Optionally, select to always Attach Setup & Waveforms associated with image files selected for
email.
6. Use Send Test Mail to send a confirmation message to ensure proper e-mail configuration.
Report Settings
The default report template uses our logo as a placeholder. You can replace this with your logo. Logo files
should be in bitmap (.bmp) format and not exceed 100 pixels high by 180 pixels wide. Place the file in the
D:\Xport folder.
You can also use your own report template. Templates must be saved as .xsl or .xslt files and placed in the
D:\Xport folder.
Deselect Use Defualt next to each item you want changed, then Browse to and select the new files.
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Using the File Browser

Selecting Browse on any of the File menu dialogs opens a File Browser that enables you to perform basic
disk utility functions, as well as making file path/name and format selections. The additional file actions
available depend on the actions available on the underlying dialog (Save file, Email report, etc.).
Disk Utilities
New Folder, Delete Folder, Delete File, and Delete All Files can be used to change your file system prior to
saving new files. Be sure to first select the folder from the navigator or file from the file list.
File Path and Name

The Current Path is shown immediately below the navigator pane. To change it, use the navigator to select
a different folder.
To select an existing file, use the file list to the right of the navigator. The buttons immediately above the
file list let you change how items appear: icons only, details, etc. If you do not see the file you seek, try
using the drop-down next to File name to change the file type to "All files (*.*)".
Most file types have a default root file name (e.g., "MyLabNotebook"), to which an autogenerated prefix
and/or suffix is added. To change this, enter the new File name. If you are autogenerating, the root file
name for a given file type persists until changed.
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Auto Naming Selections

The checkboxes to turn on/off the Source prefix and the Counter number suffix used to autogenerate file
names will appear on the File Browser. These selections are linked to those on the underlying dialog, and
changing the value in either place causes it to change everywhere.
Note: If you change any part of the file path/name or format on the File Browser or the dialog, the
Counter number will reset to the last number in the sequence associated with that value.
Example: Changing "Decode1-Table-0002" to "Decode1-CANFDTable-..." will reset the counter to

"Decode1-CANFDTable-0000" if there is no prior file named "Decode1-CANFDTable-..." .
Actions
The Close button accepts the selections you made on the File Browser and closes the browser window. If
you do not need to make further entries on the dialog to complete your task, you can choose to Save,
Recall, Flashback, Email, etc. right from the File Browser.
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130
Utilities
Utilities
Utilities settings primarily control the instrument's interaction with other devices/systems.
Preferences settings, on the other hand, tend to control the appearance and performance of the
oscilloscope application. Use these settings to personalize the behavior of the instrument.
Disk Utilities enable you to perform commonplace Windows file functions.
Utilities Dialog
To access the Utilities dialogs, choose Utilities > Utilities Setup... from the menu bar.
Hardcopy Setup (Print), Date/Time Setup and System Status buttons open their corresponding dialogs.
Show Windows Desktop minimizes the oscilloscope application window. Maximize the application by
touching the display icon located at the lower-right of the desktop.
Touch-Screen Calibration launches a sequence of display calibration screens. You will be prompted
through a series of actions to improve the precision and accuracy of the touch screen.
The Service button to the far right of the dialog launches a section of the application reserved for qualified
Teledyne LeCroy service personnel. An access code is required to enter this section.
Status
The Utilities Status dialog displays information about your instrument including model number, serial
number, firmware version, and installed hardware and software options.
Choose Utilities > Utilities Setup from the menu bar, then touch the Status tab.
Or
Choose Support > About from the menu bar.
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Remote Control
The Remote dialog contains settings to configure remote control of the instrument and also network
access. Supported remote control protocols are:
l TCPIP (Ethernet). If you choose this option, also install Teledyne LeCroy's VICP drivers on the
controller. These are included in the VICP Passport plug-in, available free from
teledynelecroy.com/support/softwaredownload under Oscilloscope Downloads > Software Utilities.
The instrument uses Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) as its default addressing protocol.
You can assign a static IP address using the standard Windows network setup menus.
l LXI (Ethernet). To use this option on Windows 10 oscilloscopes, you must run the oscilloscope from
the administrative user account, LCRYADMIN. See Changing Windows User.
l USBTMC
l GPIB. This selection is active if you are using the USB2-GPIB adapter. Connect the adapter from any
USB port on the oscilloscope to the GPIB port on the controller.
Note: Full remote control setup requires installation and configuration of software on the
controller, as well. See the MAUI Oscilloscopes Remote Control and Automation Manual for
instructions on making the remote connection and sending remote commands. The steps shown
here are only those performed on the oscilloscope to enable the connection. A commented copy
of the oscilloscope Waveform Template (.tpl ) file is installed on the oscilloscope in C:\Program
Files\LeCroy\XStream. You can open this ASCII file using any text editor, such as Windows
Notepad, which is also installed on the oscilloscope. The template will help you better understand
the MAUI architecture for transferring waveform data to and from the oscilloscope.
Note: DCOM connections to LeCroy software are not supported on Windows 10 oscilloscopes. Use
another type of Automation interface, such as ActiveDSO or NI-VISA, to execute XStreamBrowser
or Automation scripts remotely.
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Utilities
Set Up Remote Control

1. From the menu bar, choose Utilities > Utilities Setup, then touch the Remote tab.
2. On the Remote dialog, make a Control From selection.
3. If using TCPIP and wish to restrict control to specific network clients, choose Yes under Security.
Enter the IP addresses or DNS names of the authorized controllers in a comma-delimited list.
Configure the Remote Control Assistant Event Log

The Remote Control Assistant monitors communication between the controller and instrument. You can
log all events or errors only. The log can be output to an ASCII file and is invaluable when you are creating
and debugging remote control programs.
2. Under Remote Control Assistant, touch Log Mode and choose Off, Errors Only, or Full Dialog.
3. To always clear the log at startup, check Reset to Errors Only and clear at startup.
Export Contents of the Event Log

2. Touch the Show Remote Control Log button. The Event Logs pop-up is shown.
3. Enter a log file name in DestFilename, or touch Browse and navigate to an existing file.
Note: New contents will overwrite the existing content; it is not appended.
4. Touch Export to Text File.
133
Auxiliary Output
Use the Aux Output dialog to configure the output of the Aux Out port and Cal Out port.
Auxiliary Output
The Aux Out port outputs a 3.3 V CMOS pulse following the selected event:
l Trigger Enabled sends a pulse when the trigger is ready (Ready indicator lit), but not necessarily
triggered. It can be used as a gating function to trigger another instrument. Enter the desired pulse
Amplitude.
l Trigger Out sends a pulse upon a trigger (TRIG'D Indicator lit). Enter the desired pulse Amplitude.
l Pass/Fail sends a pulse when Pass/Fail test conditions are met. Enter the desired Pulse Duration. Be
sure to also select Pulse on the Pass/Fail Actions dialog.
Off disables output.
Calibration Output
Choose the signal to be output from the Cal Out hook on the front of the instrument:
l For a Square wave signal, enter the wave Frequency and Amplitude into 1 MΩ, or choose to Set to 1
kHz, 1 V Square Wave.
l For a reference DC Level, enter an Amplitude into 1 MΩ.
Off disables output.
134
Utilities
Date/Time
Date/Time settings control the instrument's timestamp. These numbers appear in the message bar and
on tables/records internal to the oscilloscope application, such as History Mode and WaveScan.
To access the Date/Time dialog, choose Utilities > Utilities Setup from the menu bar, then touch the
Date/Time tab.
Manual Method
Enter the Hour, Minute, Second, Day, Month, and Year, then touch the Validate Changes button.
Internet Method
This method uses the Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) to read the time from time-a.nist.gov. The
instrument must be connected to an internet access device through a LAN (Ethernet) port.
If your connection is active, touch the Set from Internet button.
Windows Method
To set date and time using the internal Windows system clock, touch the Windows Date/Time button. This
displays the standard Windows Date and Time Properties pop-up dialog, where you can further configure
these settings. If you are satisfied with the setup, just touch OK.
135
Options
Many optional software packages are available to extend the Analysis functions of the instrument. When
you purchase an option, you will receive a key code by email that activates the new functionality. Use the
Options dialog to activate software options by installing the key code. This dialog also displays the ScopeID
and Serial #.
To install a key:
1. From the menu bar, choose Utillities > Utilities Setup, then open the Options tab.
2. Touch Add Key. The Virtual Keyboard appears onscreen.
3. Use the Virtual Keyboard to type the Key Code in the Enter Option Key field, then touch OK to enter
the information.
The Key Code is added to the list of Installed Option Keys. You can use the Up/Down buttons to
scroll the list. The software option that each key activates is displayed below the list.
4. Choose Yes to restart the X-StreamDSO application.
136
Utilities
Disk Utilities
Use the Disk Utilities dialog to manage files and folders on your instrument's hard drive. Disk Space
information is shown at the far right of the dialog for convenience.
Note: These tasks can also be accomplished using the standard Microsoft Windows file
management tools. Choose File > Minimize to access the Windows desktop and task bar.
Access the Disk Utilities dialog by selecting Utilities > Disk Utilities from the menu bar.
Delete a Single File

1. Touch the Delete button.
2. Browse to the current folder containing the file.
3. Browse to the file to be deleted, or use the Up and Down arrow buttons to scroll through the files in
the folder.
4. With the desired file selected, touch Delete File.
Delete All Files in a Folder

1. Touch the Delete button.
2. Browse to the current folder containing the file.
3. With the desired folder selected, touch Empty Folder.
Create a New Folder

1. Touch Create.
2. Touch Current folder and provide the full path to the new folder, including the folder name.
3. Touch Create Folder.
137
Preferences Dialogs
Preference settings have mostly to do with the appearance and performance of the instrument itself,
rather than its interaction with other devices/systems. These settings are called "non-volatile," because
they are not lost when the oscilloscope is restarted and do not change when a setup panel is recalled.
Access the Preferences dialogs by choosing Utilities > Preference Setup... from the menu bar.
Power on AC will turn on the oscilloscope and launch the software as soon as you connect to AC power,
without having to first press the Power button.
Audible Feedback controls the instrument's audio output. Select this box to hear a beep each time you
touch a screen or front panel control.
Language sets the language used on the touch screen display.
Font Size (Not available on Windows 10 oscilloscopes) changes the size of the text that appears on the
touch screen display.
Tip: To change font size and other screen settings on Windows 10 oscilloscopes, swipe from the
right of the touch screen to display the Action Center, then choose All Settings > System Settings
and make your selections.
Performance settings let you optimize performance for either Analysis (speed of acquisition and
calculation) or Display (speed of update/refresh). For example, if you are concerned with persistence or
averaging, you might optimize for Analysis, giving higher priority to waveform acquisition at the expense of
display update rate. Choices are presented as a spectrum.
138
Utilities
Calibration
Calibration ensures that the output from the analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) accurately represents the
input. The oscilloscope is calibrated at the factory at 23 °C (± 2 °C) prior to shipment. So that it maintains
specified performance, it is factory set to perform an automatic calibration routine upon power up.
Note: Warm the oscilloscope for at least 20 min. after power on to ensure it reaches a stable
operating temperature and completes the calibration routine. You will see a warning message on
the Calibration dialog when the oscilloscope is still in the warm-up phase. Specifications are not
guaranteed during warm up.
High Definition oscilloscopes utilize Temperature Dependent Calibration. Within ±5 °C of the original
calibration temperature, the oscilloscope should meet all specifications once warmed up.
We recommend manual calibration if using the oscilloscope in an environment more than ± 5 °C from the
calibration temperature, or if it has been over one month since the previous calibration. From the menu
bar, choose Utilities > Preference Setup > Calibration. The Status section of the Calibration dialog will tell
you if calibration is needed for the current vertical and horizontal settings at the current environmental
conditions. There are two routines available for selection:
l Calibrate All calibrates all possible combinations of vertical and horizontal settings at the current
environmental conditions. This calibration is valid for the current temperature ±5 °C and may take
over an hour.
l Calibrate Current Setting calibrates the current vertical and horizontal settings at the current
environmental conditions. This calibration is valid for these settings only at the current temperature
±5 °C and takes about 10 seconds.
To maintain good performance, we recommend that you Calibrate All about every month.
Caution: Remove all inputs prior to calibrating the oscilloscope.
139
Acquisition
The Acquisition preference settings determine how traces behave as Vertical Offset or Horizontal Delay
changes. Choose Utilities > Preference Setup to open the Acquisition dialog.
Offset Setting constant in:
l Volts keeps the amount of Offset in the amount of Volts specified, regardless of the V/div setting. As
the Offset is adjusted, the trace will appear to move up or down relative to the zero level.
l Div(isions) keeps the Vertical Offset level indicator stationary. The waveform remains on the grid as
you change V/div, but your Offset value will change.
Delay Setting constant in:
l Time keep the Horizontal Delay at the amount of time specified, regardless of the Time/div setting.
The Horizontal Delay indicator moves relative to the 0 point at the center of the grid.
l Div(isions) keeps the Horizontal Delay indicator stationary. The trigger point remains on the grid as
you increase the timebase; whereas, if Time is selected, the trigger point could move off the grid.
Note: Whenever Div is selected, values are scaled proportional to the change in gain or timebase,
thereby keeping the division of the grid constant.
Trigger Counter Setting is selected by default. It clears the trigger counter each time a new acquisition
command is sent. It is only made active for deselection when trigger Holdoff is set.
140
Utilities
Color
Color dialog settings assign the colors used for channel, math, and memory traces. All dialogs, tables, and
trace descriptor boxes will match the color of the trace assigned here. You can choose different colors to
be used on the instrument and in print.
Note: Print colors are used only when the Colors control is set to Print on any of the File menu
dialogs (Save Screen Image, Print, etc.). Otherwise, the Screen colors are used for print output as
well as on screen.
To make any setting, just touch the color swatch for either Screen or Print next to the trace number, and
make a selection from the Color pop-up menu.
For convenience, you can Preview print colors to see how the settings will appear in print output.Touch
Factory default colors to recall the original color settings for your instrument.
141
Miscellaneous
These other Preference settings are located on the Miscellaneous dialog.
To add the Teledyne LeCroy logo to print output, check Print Teledyne LeCroy Logo When Printing Grid
Area Only. This identifies the instrument as the source of the image.
Dimming darkens/shades those areas of the source waveform that are not part of the Zoom trace.
Control Sensitivity adjusts the sensitivity of the front panel knobs. Optimized applies an acceleration
algorithm to the knobs. Legacy detects rotation of the front panel knobs in a manner similar to our legacy
oscilloscopes.
Serial Decode Annotation Position: If you have Serial Trigger or Decode options installed on your
instrument, this control determines the placement of annotation labels relative to the trace line. It does
not appear if there are no installed options.
l On Trace places the label close to the line.
l On Noisy Trace sets the label further away to accommodate potential noise spikes in the trace.
Check Enable HTTP Screen Capture to enable remote capture of the touch screen display over a netowrk.
This setting is required to use the instrument with the WaveStudio software.
142
Maintenance
Maintenance
Topics in this section describe procedures for keeping the instrument in optimal working condition.
Restart/Reboot Instrument
To restart the MAUI oscilloscope application, choose File > Exit from the menu bar, then touch the Start
DSO desktop shortcut.
To reboot the instrument, which includes restarting the Windows OS:
1. From within the oscilloscope application, choose File > Shutdown.
2. Wait 10 seconds after the oscilloscope has fully shut down, then press the Standby Power button
on the front of the instrument.
Restore Default Setup

Restore the factory default settings by pressing the front panel Default Setup button. Confirm the action.
You can also restore default settings via the touch screen:
1. Choose File > Recall Setup from the menu bar.
3. Under Recall Default touch Recall Now.
Changing Screen Settings

On instruments running Windows 10, MAUI software font size and other screen settings are now changed
using the standard Windows 10 controls, rather than through the MAUI application. The text font is set to
display at 125% by default.
1. Swipe the touch screen from the right to display the Action Center.
2. Touch the All Settings icon .

3. Choose System settings.
4. Make your selections from the Settings dialog.
5. If prompted, enter password SCOPEADMIN.
6. In MAUI, choose File > Shutdown, then press the Power button to restart.
143
Touch Screen Calibration

Periodically calibrate the touch screen to maintain its accuracy and responsiveness. We recommend that
you use a stylus rather than your finger for this procedure.
1. From the menu bar, choose Utilities > Utilities Setup.
2. On the Utilities main dialog, touch Touch-Screen Calibration.
3. Following the prompts, touch as close as possible to the center of each cross that appears on the
screen until the calibration sequence is complete.
Software and File Management

Due to the increased security of Windows 10, many more operations require Administrator permissions
than did with previous versions of Windows. When doing any of the following from the default LeCroyUser
account on Windows 10 oscilloscopes, you will be asked to supply the administrative password
SCOPEADMIN (all uppercase).
l Installing software, both third-party applications and MAUI updates
l Accessing third-party applications or running an application as an administrator
l Admitting third-party applications to make changes to the MAUI application
l Using Device Manager and making changes within it (such as installing new device drivers)
l Moving, deleting, or copying certain files
l Changing global settings
144
Maintenance
X-StreamDSO Firmware Update

The XStreamDSO firmware installer updates multiple oscilloscope components including the MAUI
application, required DLLs, device drivers and low-level microcode for integrated circuits.
The update does not modify or delete any saved panel setups, waveforms, screen captures, calibration
constants, or other data stored on the D: drive.
Caution: Do not install any XStreamDSO version prior to 8.6.1.x on Windows 10 oscilloscopes.
Doing so will disrupt the normal behavior of the software, unless you run the recovery procedure.
To install firmware on Windows 10 machines, you must be logged on as an Administrator or supply
the password SCOPEADMIN. The installation may take several minutes. Do not power down at any
point during the process.
Download Instructions
Tip: If the oscilloscope has an internet connection, choose File > Exit to close
MAUI and use the oscilloscope browser to download the installer directly.
1. Visit our download page at teledynelecroy.com/support/softwaredownload and go to Oscilloscope

Downloads > Firmware Upgrades.
2. Select your series and model number.
3. Enter your registration login information, or create a new account. You cannot proceed without an
account.
4. Click the download link, and choose to Save the installer to the oscilloscope Desktop or to a USB
storage device for transfer to the instrument.
Installation Instructions
1. From the oscilloscope menu bar, choose File > Exit to close MAUI.
2. Browse to xstreamdsoinstaller_x.x.x.x.exe and double-click it to launch the setup wizard.
3. On Windows 10 instruments running as a Standard user (the default state), enter the Password
SCOPEADMIN (all uppercase).
4. Follow the installer prompts. Leave the default installation (recommended), or select individual
components:
l X-Stream DSO, DSO Device drivers, Upgrade DSO Microcode - required for version upgrade
l Touch Screen Driver - required to use the display as a touch screen
Click Install when done.
Note: Not all components are available on all models. If you do not see an option above
listed in your installer, it is not required for your instrument.
5. If you receive Windows security warnings, trust and Install the file.
6. If you see the Hardware Programmers screen, accept all code installations, then click the closebox
145
after you see that programming has completed to return to the X-Stream Setup wizard.
7. When installation is complete, choose Reboot now and click Finish.
Release Notes
Release Notes are provided for each new version. They can be found on the web page from which you
downloaded the installer.
Switching Windows Users

Windows 10 oscilloscopes only
To maintain the highest security profile, the oscilloscope is shipped to run as the Standard user,
LeCroyUser. If you need to run as an Administrator (e.g., to run compliance software), do the following to
switch to LCRYADMIN. This will put the oscilloscope into a "legacy" mode where it will run most like it did
on Windows 7.
1. Choose File > Exit to exit the oscilloscope application.
2. Open the Windows Start menu .
3. Hover over the Teledyne LeCroy logo and select user LCRYADMIN.
4. Enter the password SCOPEADMIN (all uppercase).
To return to the default LeCroyUser account, repeat this procedure selecting LeCroyUser and entering the
password lecroyservice (all lowercase).
You may create as many other new user accounts on the oscilloscope as you wish, provided you are
logged in as LCRYADMIN when doing so. Contact your local Teledyne LeCroy office for instructions on
creating new users without disrupting oscilloscope performance.
Note: As long as there are any Standard (non-administrative) users, the oscilloscope will reboot
into the last active Standard user, regardless of whether you've switched to an administrative user.
The only way to change this is to make LeCroyUser (and any other new users you create) an
Administrator. Contact Customer Support for instructions on changing user privileges and creating
new users on the oscilloscope.
146
Maintenance
Technical Support
Live Support
Registered users can contact their local Teledyne LeCroy service center at the number listed on our
website.
You can also submit Technical Support requests via the website at:
teledynelecroy.com/support/techhelp
Resources
Teledyne LeCroy publishes a free Technical Library on its website. Manuals, tutorials, application notes,
white papers, and videos are available to help you get the most out of your Teledyne LeCroy products.
Visit:
teledynelecroy.com/support/techlib
The Datasheet published on the product page contains the detailed product specifications.
Service Centers
For a complete list of offices by country, including our sales & distribution partners, visit:
teledynelecroy.com/support/contact
Teledyne LeCroy
700 Chestnut Ridge Road
Chestnut Ridge, NY, 10977, USA
teledynelecroy.com
Sales and Service:

Ph: 800-553-2769 / 845-425-2000
FAX: 845-578-5985
contact.corp@teledynelecroy.com
Support:
Ph: 800-553-2769
customersupport@teledynelecroy.com
147
Returning a Product for Service

Contact your local Teledyne LeCroy service center for calibration or other service. If the product cannot be
serviced on location, the service center will give you a Return Material Authorization (RMA) code and
instruct you where to ship the product. All products returned to the factory must have an RMA.
Return shipments must be prepaid. Teledyne LeCroy cannot accept COD or Collect shipments. We
recommend air-freighting. Insure the item you’re returning for at least the replacement cost.
1. Remove all accessories from the device. Do not include the manual.
2. Pack the product in its case, surrounded by the original packing material (or equivalent).
3. Label the case with a tag containing:

l The RMA
l Name and address of the owner
l Product model and serial number
l Description of failure or requisite service
4. Pack the product case in a cardboard shipping box with adequate padding to avoid damage in
transit.
5. Mark the outside of the box with the shipping address given to you by Teledyne LeCroy; be sure to
add the following:
l ATTN: <RMA code assigned by Teledyne LeCroy>
l FRAGILE
6. If returning a product to a different country:

l Mark the shipment as a "Return of US manufactured goods for warranty repair/recalibration."
l If there is a cost for the service, list the cost in the Value column and the original purchase
price "For insurance purposes only."
l Be very specific about the reason for shipment. Duties may have to be paid on the value of the
service.
Extended warranty, calibration, and upgrade plans are available for purchase. Contact your Teledyne
LeCroy sales representative to purchase a service plan.
148
Index
Index color 141
persistence 64
A
acquisition cooling vi
optimiztion 138 coupling 6, 14, 33
pre-processing 14, 34 cursor 67
sampling mode 43 controls 71
settings 140 readout 14
action toolbar 15 D
date and time 135
activating traces 23
de-embedding 7
altitude v
default setup 118, 143
analog
degauss 35
inputs 6
delay 43, 140
persistence 64
post-trigger 43
attenuation 6
pre-trigger 43
auto naming 129
derated voltage v
auto save 116
descriptor box 11, 14, 23
auto zero 35
deskew 14, 34
AUX connectors 10, 134
dialogs 15
averaging 14, 34, 89, 91
display 9, 61
B
bandwidth controls 62, 142
limiting 14, 33 extended 9
BNC connectors 6 grid 12, 62
C optimization 138
calibration 8, 134, 139, 148
persistence 64
channel 32
E
descriptor box 14 email 125-126
frequency 7 enhanced resolution 14, 34, 91
setup 33 enhanced sample rate 14, 34
cleaning vi Ethernet 9
149
extended display 9 horizontal
external monitor 9 controls 43
external trigger 6 humidity v
F I
FFT 93 impedance 6
file browser 128 import
file structure 128, 137 .trc files 117
filtering 14 setup panels 118
bandwidth 33 input impedance 6
LabNotebook entries 128 inputs
noise 34, 91 analog 6
firmware 8 intensity
update 145 grid 63
version 131 interfaces 6
Flashback Recall 119, 121 ProBus 6
foreground trace 23 interleaving 44
frequency 91 interpolation 34
response 7, 93 inversion 14, 35
front panel 142 IP address 9, 132
G L
gain 33, 140 labelling traces 27, 120
gating measurements 75 LabNotebook 11, 119-120
GPIB 132 recall 121
grid 12, 51 save 119, 126
indicators 13 language selection 8
intensity 13, 63 logs
style 62 remote control event 133
H M
hard drive 137 mask testing 108
holdoff 58
150
Index
math 85, 100 post-trigger delay 43
descriptor box 14 power
function setup 85 ratings vi
operators 85 standby 7
measurements 73 pre-processing 14
cursors 67 pre-trigger delay 43
gating 75 preferences 138
graphing 82-83 printing 9, 30, 126, 142
pass/fail testing 108 probes 7
readout 81 settings 35
statistics 76 ProBus interface 6
measurements; status 81 Q
qualified trigger 57
measuring terminals v
R
memory 101-102, 111, 113 real-time sampling mode 45
descriptor box 14 recall
memory length 44 LabNotebooks 121
multi-grid display 12 reference clock 10
multi-stage triggers 57 remote control 9, 132, 142
N reports 119, 124
noise 14
rescaling 34, 95
O
offset 140 restart/reboot 143
operating environment v restore
optimization 138 waveforms 102
options 8, 136 returns 148
P RH v
parameter compare 108
RIS sampling mode 45
pass/fail testing 108
roll sampling mode 45
persistence 64
S
trace styles 64 sample points 44
151
sample rate 44-45 temperature v
sampling mode 43 timebase 43, 140
real-time 45 controls 43
RIS 45 descriptor box 14
roll 45 touch screen 9, 11
sequence 46 calibration 144
save language 8
data 119 traces
setup panels 119 activating 24
waveforms 101 color 141
screen capture 30, 115, 126 context menu 25
search 103 copy 101
sequence sampling mode 46 descriptor boxes 14
service 147-148 label 27, 119-120
setup panels 113, 118-119 line style 63
sin x 14, 34 persistence 64
software options 8, 136 recall 117, 119
sound 138 save 111, 119
support 147-148 turn on/off 24
system track 83-84
hibernate 8 TRC files 101
on/off 7 trend 82, 84
status 131 trigger 51
timestamp 135 controls 51, 53, 58
T counter 58, 140

tables 114
delay 43
auto save 116
descriptor box 14
TCP/IP 9
holdoff 58
technical support 147-148
time 58
152
Index
U
undo 11
units 34, 95
USBTMC 9
utilities 131
V
vertical 32
controls 33
offset 33
resolution 91
sensitivity 32-33
W
waveform files 101, 112
auto save 116
recall 117
WaveScan 103
WaveStudio 142
Windows
networking 9
power settings 8
X
XY plots 63
Z
zoom 22, 24, 28
controls 142
descriptor box 14
undo 11
153

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Operator's Manual

© 2019 Teledyne LeCroy, Inc. All rights reserved.

About This Manual

Note: Specifications are subject to change without notice.

Caution, high voltage; risk of electric shock or burn.

Frame or chassis terminal (ground connection).

Standby power (front of instrument).

Keep product surfaces clean and dry. See Cleaning.

Exercise care when lifting. Use the built-in carrying handle.

Measuring Terminal Ratings (C1-C4 and Ext)

Caution: Do not block the cooling vents.

AC Power: 100-240 Vrms (± 10%) AC power source at 50/60 Hz (± 5%)

* All PC peripherals and active probes installed on four channels.

Oscilloscope Overview and Set Up

A. Touch screen display G. Mixed-Signal interface

B. Front panel H. Ground and Calibration output

F. External trigger input

A. HDMI and DisplayPort ports for connecting

B. USB 3.1 Gen 1 ports (4)

C. Ethernet ports (2) for LAN connection or

D. Mic and Speaker connection

A. Built-in carrying handle

C. Ref In/Out for external reference clock

D. USBTMC port for remote control

Knobs on the front panel function one way if turned and

Many buttons light to show the active traces and

READY indicator lights when the trigger is armed. TRIG'D

Setup opens/closes the Trigger Setup dialog.

Auto sweeps after a preset time, even if the trigger

Normal sweeps each time the trigger signal meets the

Math, Zoom, and Mem(ory) Buttons

Adjust and Intensity Controls

Default Setup restores the factory default configuration.

Touch Screen enables/disables touch screen functionalilty.

WaveScan opens the WaveScan dialog.

History opens the History Mode dialog.

The following models utilize the ProBus interface:

Model Channels Input

Other Analog Inputs

EXT can be used to input an external trigger pulse.

Mixed Signal Input

See Digital Setup Using the Digital Leadset for detailed instructions.

Caution: Do not power on or calibrate with a signal attached.

1. Go to Utililties > Utilities Setup > Options.

2. Select a key from the Installed Option Keys list.

2. Follow the prompt to restart the application.

Connecting to Other Devices/Systems

l GPIB is supported with the use of the optional USB-GPIB adapter.

Different types of traces opening in a multi-grid display.

l Configure—drag-and-drop descriptor boxes to change source or copy setups.

Trace Descriptor Box

Pre-processing Symbols on Descriptor Boxes

Pre-Processing Type Long Form Short Form

Timebase and Trigger Descriptor Boxes

Zoom creates a zoom trace of the active trace.

Label opens the Label pop-up to annotate the active trace.

MAUI with OneTouch

This feature is not available on WaveSurfer 510.

To pan at an accelerated rate, swipe the trace right/left or up/down.