t-tw~4

PROBLEM 13.144
An estimate of the expected load on over-the-shoulder seat belts is made
before designing prototype belts that will be evaluated in automobile
crash tests. Assuming that an automobile traveling at 72 km/h is brought
;6

to a stop in 110 ms, determine (a) the average impulsive force exerted by
a 100-kg man on the belt, (b) the maximum forceFm exerted on the belt
if the force-time diagram has the shape shown.

SOLUTION

(a) Force on the belt is opposite to the direction shown.

VI = 72 km/h = 20 mis, m = 100kg

(100 kg) (20 mls) - Fave(0.11 0 s) =0 /).t = 0.11 0 s

100 20
F = ( )( ) = 18182 N
aye (0.110 )
Fave = 18.18 kN ~
(b) Impulse = area under F - t diagram
1
= -Fm(0.110s)
2
F (N)

Fill

110 f (ms)

From (a)

= (18182 N) (0.110 s)

!Fm(0.110)
2 = 18182(0.110)

--
 PROBLEM 13.152
In order to test the resistance of a chain to impact, the chain is suspended
from a 120-kg rigid beam supported by two columns. A rod attached to
the last link is then hit by a 30-kg block dropped from a 2-m height.
Determine the initial impulse exerted on the chain and the energy
absorbed by the chain, assuming that the block does not rebound from the
t rod and that the columns supporting the beam are (a) perfectly rigid,
2m (b) equivalent to two perfectly elastic springs.
1___

SOLUTION

Before impact

1] = 0, VI = mgh = (30 kg)(9.81 m/s2)(2 m) = 588.6 N

1 2
T2 = "2mv , V2 = 0

1] + VI = T2 + V2: 588.6 = ~(30

2 )v2. ~ v = 6.2642 m/s

(a) Rigid columns

t
+ -mv + FI1t = 0

30(6.2642) = F /).t

Fl1t = 187.93N.s ton the block

F I1t = 187.9 N.s....

All of the kinetic energy of the block is absorbed by the chain.

T = ~(30)(
2 6.2642)2 = 588.6J
E = 589J....
 PROBLEM 13.152 CONTINUED

(b) Elastic columns

Momentum of system of block and beam is conserved

mv = (M + m) v' v' = _ m 30
m + M v = 150(6.2642) = 1.2528 m/s

Referring to figure in Part (a) -mv + F /).t = -mv'

F /).t= m(v - v') = 30(6.2642 - 1.2528) = 150.34

F/).t = 150.3 N.s....
= !mv2
E
2
- !mv'2
2 2 [
= 30 ( 6.2642)2 _ (1.2528)2 _ 120(1.2528/
J 2
= 565.06 - 94.170 = 470.89
E = 471J....
 -:\r]~ 4
PROBLEM 13.162
Two disks sliding on a frictionless horizontal plane with opposite
velocities of the same magnitude Va hit each other squarely. Disk A is
known to have a mass of 6 kg and is observed to have zero velocity after
impact. Determine (a) the mass of disk B, knowing that the coefficient of
restitution between the two disks is 0.5, (b) the range of possible values
of the mass of disk B if the coefficient of restitution between the two
disks is unknown.

SOLUTION

(a) Total momentum conserved

.
Vft~o

A B -.
A
Relative velocities
(1)

(2)

From equations (1) and (2)

2vae = ~ Va => 2va(0.s) = ~ Va

( mB - 1J ( mB - 1J

(b) Using

6 6
Gives, 2e + 1 = - => mB = -
mB 2e + 1

e = 0, mB = 6 kg
e = 1, mB = 2 kg
2 kg s mB S 6 kg ....
 I '.I) ~ I
PROBLEM 13.171
The coefficient of restitution is 0.9 between the two 60-mm-diameter
y
billiard balls A and B. Ball A is moving in the direction shown with a
8
velocity of 1 m/s when it strikes ball B, which is at rest. Knowing that
after impact B is moving in the x direction, determine (a) the angle B,
(b) the velocity of B after impact.
250 nlln

SOLUTION

(a) Since v~ is in the x...directionand (assuming no friction), the

common tangent between A and B at impact must be parallel to the
y-axis
250
Thus
tanB = 150 _ D

B = tan-1 250 = 70.200

150 - 60

(b) Conservation of momentum in x(n) direction

(1)cos(70.20) + 0 = (v~ t + v~
0.3387 = (v~t + (v~) (1)

Relative velocities in the n direction

e = 0.9

(0.3387 - 0)(0.9) = v~ - (v~)n (2)

(1) + (2)

2v~ = 0.3387(1.9) v~ = 0.322 m/s ....

 PROBLEM 13.175
A girl throws a ball at an inclined wall from a height of 3 ft, hitting the
- wall at A with a horizontal velocity v0 of magnitude 25 ft/s. Knowing
that the coefficient of restitution between the ball and the wall is 0.9 and
neglecting friction, determine the distance d from the foot of the wall to
the point B where the ball will hit the ground after bouncing off the wall.

SOLUTION

Momentum in t direction is conserved

mvsin30° = mv;

(25)(sin 30°) = v;

v;= 12.5 ft/s

Coefficient of restitution in n-direction

v~ = 19.49 ft/s

/' ,.
-- - - -
/
/
/
I
B/

'1- ~ d

Write v' in terms of x and y components

= 10.63ft/s

= 20.57 ft/s
 t-1W;f}-4
PROBLEM 13.175 CONTINUED

Projectile motion

1 2
Y = Yo + (V~ )0 t - "2 gt2 = 3 ft + (20.57 ft/s)t - (32.2 ft/s2) t2

AtB, Y = 0 = 3 + 20.57tB -16.1t~; tB = 1.4098 s

XB = Xo + (v~)otB = 0 + 10.63(1.4098); xB = 14.986 ft

d = xB - 3cos60° = (14.986ft) - (3 ft)cot60° = 13.254ft

d = 13.25 ft ....
 1
_~~r~ -++-
I-!-

PROBLEM 13.188
A 2-kg sphere A strikes the frictionless inclined surface of a 6-kg wedge
B at a 900 angle with a velocity of magnitude 4 mfs. The wedge can roll
freely on the ground and is initially at rest. Knowing that the coefficient
of restitution between the wedge and the sphere is 0.50 and that the
inclined surface of the wedge forms an angle (J = 400 with the
horizontal, determine (a) the velocities of the sphere and of the wedge
immediately after impact, (b) the energy lost due to the impact.

SOLUTION

(a) Momentum of the sphere A alone is conserved in the (-direction. r

Total momentum is conserved in the x-direction.

VB =0 VA = 4 mfs
2( 4) cos 500 + 0 = 2( -v~ )cos50° + 6v~

5.1423 = -1.2855v~ + 6v~ (1)

Relative velocities in the n-direction

4( 0.5) = 0.6428v~ + v~; 2 = 0.6428v~ + v~ (2)

Solving Equation (1) and Equation (2) simultaneously

v~ = 1.2736 mfs; v~ = 1.1299 mfs

v~ = 1.274 mfs ~ 500 ...

v~ = 1.130 mfs - ...

(b)
T lost = ~ m Av~ - ~ [m A (v~)2 + m B (v~f ]
= ~[(2 kg)( 4 mfS)2 - (2 kg)(1.274 mfS)2

- (6 kg)(1.130 mfs)2 ] = 10.546 J

1Jost = 10.55 J ...
 PROBLEM 13.189
c"lJ. A 340-g ball B is hanging from an inextensible cord attached to a support
t
C. A 170-g ball A strikes B with a velocity v0 of magnitude 1.5 mls at an
angle of 60° with the vertical. Assuming perfectly elastic impact (e = I)
and no friction, determine the height h reached by ball B.

SOLUTION

Totalmomentum in the x-direction is conserved.

VA = Vo = 1.5m1s (VBt = 0

0.17(1.5)(sin600) + 0 = -(0.17)(v~)(sin600) + (0.34)v~

0.2208 = -0.1472v~ + 0.34v~ (I)

Relative velocity in the n-direction

[-vA - (VB )nJe = -V~ cos30° - V~;

(-1.5 - 0)(1) = -0.866v~ - v~ (2)

Solving Equations (I) and (2) simultaneously
v~ = 0.9446 mis,v~ = 0.6820 mls
Conservation of energy ball B

1) = !mB(v~)2
2

1) =! WB (3.0232)2
2 g
PROBLEM 13.189 CONTINUED

Vi =0 V2 = WBh
1 .w; 2
11 + Vi = T2 + V2; 2 g
(0.9446 )
11.. = 0 + Wsh;

_ _
h - (0.9446)2 - 0.0455 m
(2 )(9.81 )
h = 45.5 mm ~