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(DISS 5) PSYCHOANALYSIS Students'

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DISCIPLINES AND IDEAS IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES

PSYCHOANALYSIS (LESSON 5)

Psychoanalysis, which traces its roots to psychologist Sigmund Freud, means “analysis of
the mind.”
If you were given the chance to choose between having an iPhone X and saving the money
for next semester’s enrolment, which will you choose? How will you weigh your decision? Will
you desire what pleasures you or choose otherwise leaving you free from guilt?
When we seek to satisfy our pleasure, we are operating in the reservoir of our instincts,
which is known as the id. Id according to Sigmund Freud is vitally and directly related to the
satisfaction of bodily needs. By satisfying desires, the id aims to reduce tension because it has
no contact with reality. Id also operates from raw and irrational impulses and fuelled by
pleasure principle that aims to be fulfilled through the acquisition of the need satisfying objects.
To put it lightly, id is the driving force to enjoy life, as the youngsters say “YOLO” (You Only Live
Once).
In the absence of what pleasure us we seek for alternatives in dealing with our stressors and
this is where the ego lies. The ego develops sometime after the infant is born and its function is
to temper the id by finding socially acceptable ways of meeting the needs. It is the only region
of the mind in contact with reality and it is a person’s sole source of communication with the
external world. This is best illustrated in diverting our aggressive emotions into more
constructive and acceptable ways.
Constructive and acceptable ways of expressing our desires are a product of our conformity
with the society’s notion of right and wrong. We develop what is morally known as conscience,
an idealistic principle. In the Freudian psychology, it is known as the superego, which is the
unrealistic demand for perfection.
Id, ego, superego is the structure of personality where one exist because of the other. Id
seeks to be fulfilled, while ego looks for an alternative and acceptable ways of expressing
desires. Superego on the other hand tempers desires in the morally perfectionist ways.

 Id – pleasure
 Ego – realistic
 Superego – idealistic

Id to Superego and Ego: “I want to steal.”


Superego to Id: “You should not steal.”
Ego to Id: “You will go to jail.”
EVALUATION:
A. Read the passages below. Identify the principle operating with the decision employed by
the main character.
1. Banjo needs money for his project in order to pass the subject. On his way home, he
found a wallet that has money more than enough for his expenses. He was torn on
spending the money and returning it to the rightful owner. He chooses to return the
wallet because he remembered that it is how he was brought up.
2. Martina wanted to join her friends in their swimming. However, she knew that her
parents will not allow her. She told her parents that they will have group project that
needs to be submitted.
3. Amir knew that he has aggressive tendencies. He is easily angered. He wanted to
minimize his bad feelings about it so he joined the Karate Club.

B. If you are part of the LGBT community what will be your stand on the issue of “Same Sex
Marriage”. Your answer should be based on the three principles of psychodynamics of
human personality which are: pleasure (id), realistic (ego), or idealistic (superego)
principle.

a. Pleasure (Id)

b. Realistic (Ego)

c. Idealistic (Superego)

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