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B. Publication, Opposition and Default Section 23. Notice of Initial Hearing, Publication, Etc. The Court Shall, Within Five Days From Filing of

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B.

PUBLICATION, OPPOSITION AND DEFAULT

Section 23. Notice of initial hearing, publication, etc. The court shall, within five days from filing of
the application, issue an order setting the date and hour of the initial hearing which shall not be
earlier than forty-five days nor later than ninety days from the date of the order.

The public shall be given notice of the initial hearing of the application for land registration by means
of (1) publication; (2) mailing; and (3) posting.

1. By publication.

Upon receipt of the order of the court setting the time for initial hearing, the Commissioner of
Land Registration shall cause notice of initial hearing to be published once in the Official
Gazette and once in a newspaper of general circulation in the Philippines: Provided,
however, that the publication in the Official Gazette shall be sufficient to confer jurisdiction
upon the court. Said notice shall be addressed to all persons appearing to have an interest in
the land involved including the adjoining owners so far as known, and "to all whom it may
concern". Said notice shall also require all persons concerned to appear in court at a certain
date and time to show cause why the prayer of said application shall not be granted.

2. By mailing.

(a) Mailing of notice to persons named in the application. The Commissioner of Land
Registration shall also, within seven days after publication of said notice in the
Official Gazette, as hereinbefore provided, cause a copy of the notice of initial
hearing to be mailed to every person named in the notice whose address is known.

(b) Mailing of notice to the Secretary of Public Highways, the Provincial Governor
and the Mayor. If the applicant requests to have the line of a public way or road
determined, the Commissioner of Land Registration shall cause a copy of said notice
of initial hearing to be mailed to the Secretary of Public Highways, to the Provincial
Governor, and to the Mayor of the municipality or city, as the case may be, in which
the land lies.

(c) Mailing of notice to the Secretary of Agrarian Reform, the Solicitor General, the
Director of Lands, the Director of Public Works, the Director of Forest Development,
the Director of Mines and the Director of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources. If the land
borders on a river, navigable stream or shore, or on an arm of the sea where a river
or harbor line has been established, or on a lake, or if it otherwise appears from the
application or the proceedings that a tenant-farmer or the national government may
have a claim adverse to that of the applicant, notice of the initial hearing shall be
given in the same manner to the Secretary of Agrarian Reform, the Solicitor General,
the Director of Lands, the Director of Mines and/or the Director of Fisheries and
Aquatic Resources, as may be appropriate.

3. By posting.

The Commissioner of Land Registration shall also cause a duly attested copy of the notice of
initial hearing to be posted by the sheriff of the province or city, as the case may be, or by his
deputy, in a conspicuous place on each parcel of land included in the application and also in
a conspicuous place on the bulletin board of the municipal building of the municipality or city
in which the land or portion thereof is situated, fourteen days at least before the date of initial
hearing.

The court may also cause notice to be served to such other persons and in such manner as
it may deem proper.

The notice of initial hearing shall, in form, be substantially as follows:

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