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    Applications of Partial Differential Equations: Topics

    Uploaded by

    Pradhumna Adhikari
    The document discusses solving partial differential equations using the method of separation of variables. It addresses: 1) Solving the one-dimensional heat equation, obtaining a solution involving exponential and trigonometric terms. 2) Solving the one-dimensional wave equation, obtaining a solution involving trigonometric terms. 3) Solving the two-dimensional Laplace equation, obtaining a general solution involving arbitrary constants to be determined by boundary conditions.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Applications of Partial Differential Equations: Topics

    Uploaded by

    Pradhumna Adhikari
    83 views17 pages
    The document discusses solving partial differential equations using the method of separation of variables. It addresses: 1) Solving the one-dimensional heat equation, obtaining a solution involving exponential and trigonometric terms. 2) Solving the one-dimensional wave equation, obtaining a solution involving trigonometric terms. 3) Solving the two-dimensional Laplace equation, obtaining a general solution involving arbitrary constants to be determined by boundary conditions.

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    The document discusses solving partial differential equations using the method of separation of variables. It addresses: 1) Solving the one-dimensional heat equation, obtaining a solution involving exponential and trigonometric terms. 2) Solving the one-dimensional wave equation, obtaining a solution involving trigonometric terms. 3) Solving the two-dimensional Laplace equation, obtaining a general solution involving arbitrary constants to be determined by boundary conditions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    83 views17 pages

    Applications of Partial Differential Equations: Topics

    Uploaded by

    Pradhumna Adhikari
    The document discusses solving partial differential equations using the method of separation of variables. It addresses: 1) Solving the one-dimensional heat equation, obtaining a solution involving exponential and trigonometric terms. 2) Solving the one-dimensional wave equation, obtaining a solution involving trigonometric terms. 3) Solving the two-dimensional Laplace equation, obtaining a general solution involving arbitrary constants to be determined by boundary conditions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 17

    Applications of Partial Differential Equations

    Topics:

    1) Solution of one dimensional heat equation by the


    method of separation of variables
    2) Solution of one dimensional wave equation by
    the method of separation of variables
    3) Solution of two dimensional Laplace equation
    by the method of separation of variables

    Department of Mathematics
    Applications of Partial Differential Equations

    1). Solve one dimensional heat equation in all feasible


    cases by the method of separation of variables

    Solution:
    Given one dimensional heat equation is (1)
    Here
    Let be a solution of equation (1)
    Here is a function of ‘ ’ alone and is a function of ‘ ’ alone
    Then and
    Now equation (1) =

    say

    and

    Department of Mathematics
    Applications of Partial Differential Equations

    and
    and
    (2) and (3)

    Case – 1: If then
    Equation (2) gives Equation (3) gives

    Integrating ‘ ’, we get Integrating ‘ ’, we get

    Again integrating, we get

    The solution of the equation (1) is

    Department of Mathematics
    Application
    Applications of of Partial
    Partial Differential
    Differential Equations
    Equations

    Case – 2: If , say then

    Equation (2) gives Equation (3) gives

    Solving this, we get Solving this, we get

    The A.E is The A.E is

    The roots are The roots are

    Therefore the C.F is Therefore the C.F is

    The solution of the equation (1) is


    𝟐 𝟐

    Department of Mathematics
    4
    Applications of Partial Differential Equations

    Case – 3: If , say then

    Equation (2) gives Equation (3) gives

    Solving this, we get Solving this, we get

    The A.E is The A.E is

    The roots are The roots are

    Therefore the C.F is Therefore the C.F is

    The solution of the equation (1) is


    𝟐 𝟐

    Department of Mathematics
    Applications of Partial Differential Equations

    Out of these three solutions, we have to choose the solution,


    which is consistent with the physical nature of the problem.

    As we are dealing with the problems on heat conduction, it


    must be a transient solution.

    That is ‘ ’ is to decrease with the increase of the time ‘ ’


    The suitable solution of the one dimensional heat equation is
    𝟐 𝟐

    Where 𝟏 , 𝟐 and 𝟑 are arbitrary constants, which can be


    evaluated with the given boundary conditions in problem.

    Department of Mathematics
    Applications of Partial Differential Equations

    2). Solve one dimensional wave equation in all feasible


    cases by the method of separation of variables

    Solution:
    Given one dimensional wave equation is (1)
    Here
    Let be a solution of equation (1)
    Here is a function of ‘ ’ alone and is a function of ‘ ’ alone
    Then and
    Now equation (1) =

    say

    and

    Department of Mathematics
    Applications of Partial Differential Equations

    and
    and
    (2) and (3)

    Case – 1: If then
    Equation (2) gives Equation (3) gives

    Integrating ‘ ’, we get Integrating ‘ ’, we get

    Again integrating, we get Again integrating, we get

    The solution of the equation (1) is

    Department of Mathematics
    Applications of Partial Differential Equations

    Case – 2: If , say then

    Equation (2) gives Equation (3) gives

    Solving this, we get Solving this, we get

    The A.E is The A.E is

    The roots are The roots are

    Therefore the C.F is Therefore the C.F is

    The solution of the equation (1) is

    Department of Mathematics
    Applications of Partial Differential Equations

    Case – 3: If , say then

    Equation (2) gives Equation (3) gives

    Solving this, we get Solving this, we get

    The A.E is The A.E is

    The roots are The roots are

    Therefore the C.F is Therefore the C.F is

    The solution of the equation (1) is

    Department of Mathematics
    Applications of Partial Differential Equations

    Out of these three solutions, we have to choose the solution,


    which is consistent with the physical nature of the problem.

    As we are dealing with the problems on vibrations, ‘ ’ must be


    periodic function of ‘ ’ and ‘ ’.

    Hence their solutions must involve trigonometric terms.

    The suitable solution of the one dimensional wave equation is

    Where 𝟏 , 𝟐 , 𝟑 and 𝟒 are arbitrary constants, which can be


    evaluated with the given boundary conditions in problem.

    Department of Mathematics
    Applications of Partial Differential Equations

    3). Solve two dimensional Laplace equation in all


    feasible cases by the method of separation of variables
    Solution:
    Given two dimensional Laplace equation is (1)
    Here
    Let be a solution of equation (1)
    Here is a function of ‘ ’ alone and is a function of ‘ ’ alone
    Then and
    Now equation (1) +

    say

    and
    Department of Mathematics
    Applications of Partial Differential Equations

    and
    and
    (2) and (3)

    Case – 1: If then
    Equation (2) gives Equation (3) gives

    Integrating ‘ ’, we get Integrating ‘ ’, we get

    Again integrating, we get Again integrating, we get

    The solution of the equation (1) is

    Department of Mathematics
    Applications of Partial Differential Equations

    Case – 2: If , say then

    Equation (2) gives Equation (3) gives

    Solving this, we get Solving this, we get

    The A.E is The A.E is

    The roots are The roots are

    Therefore the C.F is Therefore the C.F is

    The solution of the equation (1) is

    Department of Mathematics
    Applications of Partial Differential Equations

    Case – 3: If , say then

    Equation (2) gives Equation (3) gives

    Solving this, we get Solving this, we get

    The A.E is The A.E is

    The roots are The roots are

    Therefore the C.F is Therefore the C.F is

    The solution of the equation (1) is

    Department of Mathematics
    Applications of Partial Differential Equations

    Out of these three solutions, we have to choose the solution, which


    is consistent with the given boundary conditions of the problem.
    In most of the physical problems, the suitable solution of the
    two dimensional Laplace equation is

    Where 𝟏 , 𝟐 , 𝟑 and 𝟒 are arbitrary constants, which can be


    evaluated with the given boundary conditions in problem.

    Department of Mathematics
    17

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