Anatomy and Physiology Laboratory Activity Respiratory Assessment ANATOMY OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM: Using The Ebook Available, The Model of

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
LABORATORY ACTIVITY
RESPIRATORY ASSESSMENT
ANATOMY OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM: Using the ebook available, the model of
the lung and the poster of the respiratory system, describe the location and explain
the function of the following parts of the respiratory system:
Nasopharynx
Location: The nasopharynx is to 2 to 3 cm wide and 3 to 4 cm long situated behind the
nasal fossa inside the occipital bone.
Function: The nasopharynx is the space above the soft palate at the back of the nose
and connects the nose to the mouth, which allows at person to breathe through the
nose
Oropharynx
Location: The nasopharynx is behind the soft palate of the mouth and is below the
nasopharynx.
Function: It serves as a passageway for food moving from the mouth to the esophagus
and for air moving to and from the nasal cavity.
Glottis:
Location: The middle part of the larynx, where the vocal cords are located.
Function: Is to prevent the material for entering the trachea during swallowing the
food and liquid.
Epiglottis
Location: Behind the tongue, at the top of the larynx, or voice.
Function: Is to steal off the windpipe during eating, so that food is not accidentally
inhaled.
Larynx
Location: Between the pharynx and the trachea.
Function: To protect the airway from choking on material in the throat, to regulate
the flow of air into our lungs, and the production of sounds used for speech.
Trachea
Location: Begins just under the larynx (voice box) and runs down behind the breast
one (sternum).
Function:
Bronchi
Location: Located at the very end of the conducting zone and the beginning of the
respiratory zone in the respiratory system.
Function: Are extension of the windpipe the shuttle air to and from the lungs.
OoAlveoli
Location: Are integral parts of our respiratory system. They are the tiny sacs at the
very end of the last bronchioles of the bronchial tree.
Function: Its to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules to and from the
bloodstream.
Diaphragm
Location: Just below the lungs and heart.
Function: Is a thin skeletal muscle that sits at the base of the chest and separates the
abdomen from the chest.
1
Pleura
Location: Is the area that lies between the parietal pleura (outer layer), that is
attached to the chest wall and the visceral pleura (inner layer) that is attached to the
lungs.
Function: The pleural cavity, with its associated pleurae aids optimal functioning of
the lungs during breathing.
2
FUNCTION OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
As a group, spend a few minutes brainstorming about the function of the respiratory
system. Following the brainstorming discussion, each person will spend the remaining
minutes writing a detailed paragraph explaining the function, flow of respiration, and
exchange of gases in the respiratory system.
SOUND OF SILENCE
STETHOSCOPE: Place the stethoscope on your partners back and listen to the breath
sounds. Write a brief description of the sounds you hear during each of the 3 trials.
1. REST: listen while partner is resting for 1 minute
Description: For resting they will be no hear.
2. WALKING: listen immediately after partner is finished walking for 1 minute

Description: For walking you have hear normal beat or breathing.
3. JOGGING : listen immediately after partner is finished jogging for 1 minute

Description: For the jogging the beat of your heart and also the way you breathe goes
faster.
4. Explain what caused the changes in breathing that you heard.

The caused and the changes in breathing that I hear are difficulties breathing and
expanding the air of carbon dioxide in our body and the passageway of breathing.
3
OBSERVE and INSPECT
1. Keep client comfortable by allowing them to sit upright. Observe
2. Provide emotional support to reduce anxiety. Inspect
3. Observe the shape and symmetry of the chest.
Findings:_____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
4. Palpate patient’s back at the level of the 10 th rib with your thumbs on each side
of the spine and your fingers spread laterally. Inspect
5. Ask client to take a deep breaths as you assess the adequacy and quality of
breath.
Findings:_____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
6. Place palm/s lightly over the thorax and palpate for tenderness, alignment,
bulging, and retractions of the chest and intercostal spaces. Inspect
7. Use the pads of your fingers to palpate the front and back of the thorax.
Observe
8. Pass your fingers over the client ribs. Note and describe for presence of scars,
lumps, lesions, ulcerations, temperature, skin turgor, and moisture.
Findings:_____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
LISTEN UP
9. Listen to lung sounds; auscultate your client’s back, chest and sides to listen
for the presence of normal breath sounds. Identify landmarks or locations, and
describe each lung sound.
A. Bronchial Are loud and high in pitch with a short pause between
inspiration and expiration;
B. Vesicular Are soft, blowing, or rustling sounds normally heard
throughout most of the lung fields.
C. Bronchovesicular: Are heard in the posterior chest between the
scapulae and in the center part of the anterior chest
D. Tracheal: Originate from turbulent flow in upper and central airways.

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ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY

2. WALKING: listen immediately after partner is finished walking for 1 minute

3. JOGGING : listen immediately after partner is finished jogging for 1 minute

4. Explain what caused the changes in breathing that you heard.

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