Operational Manual FR-8252

OPERATOR'S MANUAL
MARINE RADAR
FR-8062
FR-8122
MODEL FR-8252
www.furuno.co.jp
(Elemental Chlorine Free)
The paper used in this manual
is elemental chlorine free.
FURUNO Authorized Distributor Dealer
9-52, Ashihara-cho,
N i s h i n o m i y a , 6 6 2 - 8 5 8 0 , J A PA N
Te l e p h o n e : + 8 1 - ( 0 ) 7 9 8 - 6 5 - 2 111
Fax: +81-(0)798-65-4200
All rights reserved.

A : S E P. 2 0 0 5
Printed in Japan
H : M A R . 3 1 , 2 0 11
Pub. No. OME-35390-H

(A K MU ) FR-8062/8122/8252
IMPORTANT NOTICES
General
• The operator of this equipment must read and follow the descriptions in this manual. Wrong op-
eration or maintenance can cancel the warranty or cause injury.
• Do not copy any part of this manual without written permission from FURUNO.
• If this manual is lost or worn, contact your dealer about replacement.
• The contents of this manual and equipment specifications can change without notice.
• The example screens (or illustrations) shown in this manual can be different from the screens
you see on your display. The screens you see depend on your system configuration and equip-
ment settings.
• Save this manual for future reference.
• Any modification of the equipment (including software) by persons not authorized by FURUNO
will cancel the warranty.
• All brand and product names are trademarks, registered trademarks or service marks of their
respective holders.
How to discard this product

Discard this product according to local regulations for the disposal of industrial waste. For disposal
in the USA, see the homepage of the Electronics Industries Alliance (http://www.eiae.org/) for the
correct method of disposal.
How to discard a used battery

Some FURUNO products have a battery(ies). To see if your product has a battery, see the chapter
on Maintenance. Follow the instructions below if a battery is used. Tape the + and - terminals of
battery before disposal to prevent fire, heat generation caused by short circuit.
In the European Union

The crossed-out trash can symbol indicates that all types of batteries
must not be discarded in standard trash, or at a trash site. Take the
used batteries to a battery collection site according to your national
legislation and the Batteries Directive 2006/66/EU.
Cd
In the USA
The Mobius loop symbol (three chasing arrows) indicates that Ni-Cd
and lead-acid rechargeable batteries must be recycled. Take the used
batteries to a battery collection site according to local laws.
Ni-Cd Pb
In the other countries
There are no international standards for the battery recycle symbol. The number of symbols can
increase when the other countries make their own recycle symbols in the future.
i
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
Read these safety instructions before you operate the equipment.
Indicates a condition that can cause death or serious

WARNING injury if not avoided.
Indicates a condition that can cause minor or moderate

CAUTION injury if not avoided.
Warning, Caution Prohibitive Action Mandatory Action
WARNING
Radio Frequency Radiation Hazard
The radar antenna emits electromagnetic radio frequency (RF) energy which can be
harmful, particularly to your eyes. Never look directly into the antenna aperture from a
close distance while the radar is in operation or expose yourself to the transmitting
antenna at a close distance.
Distances at which RF radiation levels of 100 W/m2 and 10 W/m2 exist are given in the
table below.
Note: If the antenna unit is installed at a close distance in front of the wheel house, it may
be necessary to prevent transmission in that area to protect passengers and crew from
microwave radiation. This can be done with Sector Blank in the System menu.
Distance to Distance to
Model Antenna
100 W/m2 point 10 W/m2 point
XN-12A Nil 0.90 m
FR-8062
XN-13A Nil 0.70 m
XN-12A Nil 2.10 m
FR-8122
XN-13A Nil 1.90 m
XN-12A 0.40 m 4.60 m
FR-8252
XN-13A 0.40 m 3.10 m
ii
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
WARNING WARNING
ELECTRICAL SHOCK HAZARD Use the proper fuse.
Do not open the equipment.
Fuse rating is shown on the equipment.
Only qualified personnel Use of a wrong fuse can result in damage
should work inside the to the equipment.
equipment.
Keep heater away from equipment.
Turn off the radar power
switch before servicing the Heat can alter equipment shape and melt
antenna unit. Post a warn- the power cord, which can cause fire or
ing sign near the switch electrical shock.
indicating it should not be
turned on while the antenna Do not place liquid-filled containers on
unit is being serviced. the top of the equipment.
Prevent the potential risk of Fire or electrical shock can result if a liquid
being struck by the rotating spills into the equipment.
antenna and exposure to
RF radiation hazard. Do not operate the equipment with wet
hands.
Wear a safety belt and hard
hat when working on the Electrical shock can result.
antenna unit.
Serious injury or death can

result if someone falls from
the radar antenna mast.
Do not disassemble or modify the

equipment.
Fire, electrical shock or serious injury can

result.
Turn off the power immediately if water

leaks into the equipment or the equip-
ment is emitting smoke or fire.
Continued use of the equipment can cause

fire or electrical shock.
iii
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
WARNING CAUTION
No one navigational aid should be relied The plotting accuracy and response of
upon for the safety of vessel and crew. this ARP meets IMO standards.
The navigator has the responsibility to Tracking accuracy is affected by the
check all aids available to confirm following:
position. Electronic aids are not
a substitute for basic navigational • Tracking accuracy is affected by course
principles and common sense. change. One to two minutes is required to
restore vectors to full accuracy after an
• The ARP automatically tracks abrupt course change. (The actual
automatically or manually acquired radar amount depends on gyrocompass
targets and calculates their courses and specifications.)
speeds, indicating them by vectors. Since • The amount of tracking delay is inversely
the data generated by the auto plotter proportional to the relative speed of the
are based on what radar targets are target. Delay is on the order of 15-30
selected, the radar must always be seconds for high relative speed; 30-60
optimally tuned for use with the ARP to seconds for low relative speed.
ensure required targets will not be lost or
unwanted targets such as sea returns The data generated by ARP and AIS are
and noise will not be acquired and intended for reference purposes only.
tracked.
Check all available navigation aids to
• A target does not always mean a land- determine target movement.
mass, reef, ships or other surface vessels
but can imply returns from sea surface
and clutter. As the level of clutter changes
with environment, the operator should
properly adjust the A/C SEA, A/C RAIN
and GAIN controls to be sure target
echoes are not eliminated from the
radar screen.
WARNING LABELS TFT LCD

Warning labels are attached to the The high quality TFT (Thin Film Transistor)
equipment. Do not remove any label. LCD displays 99.999% of its picture
If a label is missing or damaged, elements. The remaining 0.001% may
contact a FURUNO agent or dealer drop out or light, however this is an
about replacement. inherent property of the LCD; it is not a
WARNING
DISPLAY UNIT sign of malfunction.
To avoid electrical shock, do not
remove cover. No user-serviceable
parts inside. Name: Warning Label 1
Type: 86-003-1011-1
Code No.: 100-236-231
WARNING ANTENNA UNIT

Radiation hazard. Only qualified
personnel should work inside scanner.
Confirm that TX has stopped before
opening scanner.
Name: Warning Sticker
Type: 03-142-3201-0
Code No.: 100-266-890
iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
FOREWORD ............................................................................................... ix
SYSTEM CONFIGURATION ...................................................................... xi
1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW..............................................................1-1
1.1 Controls .....................................................................................................................1-1
1.1.1 Display unit ..................................................................................................1-1
1.1.2 Remote controller ........................................................................................1-2
1.2 Turning the Radar On/Off, Transmitting ....................................................................1-3
1.3 Display Indications.....................................................................................................1-4
1.4 Adjusting Display Brilliance, Panel Dimmer...............................................................1-5
1.5 Menu Overview..........................................................................................................1-5
1.6 Tuning........................................................................................................................1-7
1.7 Presentation Modes...................................................................................................1-8
1.7.1 Choosing presentation mode........................................................................1-8
1.7.2 Description of presentation modes ..............................................................1-8
1.8 Choosing a Range Scale.........................................................................................1-10
1.9 Choosing a Pulse Length ........................................................................................1-11
1.10 Adjusting the Gain (sensitivity) ................................................................................1-12
1.10.1 Choosing gain adjustment method ............................................................1-12
1.10.2 Setting automatic gain level....................................................................... 1-12
1.10.3 Manual gain adjustment ............................................................................1-12
1.11 Suppressing Sea Clutter..........................................................................................1-13
1.11.1 Choosing sea clutter adjustment method ..................................................1-13
1.11.2 Setting automatic sea clutter suppression level ........................................1-13
1.11.3 Manual sea clutter adjustment ...................................................................1-14
1.12 Suppressing Rain Clutter.........................................................................................1-14
1.12.1 Choosing rain clutter adjustment method ..................................................1-14
1.12.2 Setting automatic rain clutter suppression level ........................................1-15
1.12.3 Manual rain clutter adjustment ..................................................................1-15
1.13 Automatic Suppression of Sea and Rain Clutters ...................................................1-16
1.14 Cursor......................................................................................................................1-17
1.15 Interference Rejector ...............................................................................................1-18
1.16 Measuring the Range to a Target............................................................................1-19
1.16.1 Measuring range by the variable range marker (VRM) .............................1-19
1.16.2 Choosing VRM unit ....................................................................................1-20
1.17 Turning Range Rings On/Off, Adjusting Range Ring Brilliance...............................1-21
1.18 Measuring the Bearing to a Target ..........................................................................1-22
1.18.1 Measuring the bearing with an EBL ...........................................................1-22
1.18.2 EBL reference ............................................................................................1-23
1.19 Measuring the Range and Bearing Between Two Targets ......................................1-23
1.20 Target Alarm ............................................................................................................1-24
1.20.1 Setting a target alarm ................................................................................1-24
1.20.2 Silencing the audio alarm ..........................................................................1-24
1.20.3 Choosing alarm type ..................................................................................1-25
1.20.4 Temporarily deactivating a target alarm ....................................................1-25
1.20.5 Deactivating a target alarm ........................................................................1-25
1.20.6 Choosing target strength which triggers target alarm ................................1-26
1.21 Off Centering the Display ........................................................................................1-26
1.21.1 Automatic off center ...................................................................................1-26
1.21.2 Manual off center .......................................................................................1-27
v
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.22 Zoom ....................................................................................................................... 1-27

1.22.1 How to zoom ............................................................................................. 1-27
1.22.2 Zoom mode ............................................................................................... 1-28
1.23 Echo Stretch............................................................................................................ 1-29
1.24 Echo Averaging ....................................................................................................... 1-30
1.25 Target Trails ............................................................................................................ 1-31
1.25.1 Starting, stopping trails............................................................................... 1-31
1.25.2 Trail mode ................................................................................................. 1-32
1.25.3 Trail gradation ........................................................................................... 1-33
1.25.4 Trail color .................................................................................................. 1-33
1.25.5 Trail level ................................................................................................... 1-33
1.25.6 Trail copy ................................................................................................... 1-34
1.25.7 Narrow trails .............................................................................................. 1-34
1.25.8 Own ship trail ............................................................................................ 1-34
1.25.9 Restarting trails ......................................................................................... 1-35
1.25.10 Trail length ................................................................................................ 1-35
1.26 Parallel Index Lines ................................................................................................. 1-36
1.26.1 Turning parallel index lines on or off ......................................................... 1-36
1.26.2 Adjusting parallel index line orientation and interval ................................. 1-36
1.26.3 Parallel index lines mode .......................................................................... 1-37
1.27 Outputting Target Position, Inscribing Origin Mark ................................................. 1-37
1.27.1 TLL key mode ........................................................................................... 1-37
1.27.2 Origin mark mode ...................................................................................... 1-38
1.28 Temporarily Hiding the Heading Line ...................................................................... 1-38
1.29 Custom Setup ......................................................................................................... 1-38
1.29.1 About custom setup .................................................................................. 1-38
1.29.2 Description of custom setup items ............................................................ 1-39
1.29.3 Setting custom setups ............................................................................... 1-40
1.30 Programming Function Keys (F1 and F2 keys)....................................................... 1-41
1.31 Noise Rejector......................................................................................................... 1-42
1.32 Suppressing Second-trace Echoes ......................................................................... 1-42
1.33 Watchman ............................................................................................................... 1-43
1.34 Color Schemes........................................................................................................ 1-44
1.34.1 Preset color schemes ................................................................................ 1-44
1.34.2 User color scheme .................................................................................... 1-44
1.35 Navigation Data....................................................................................................... 1-45
1.35.1 Navigation data during standby ................................................................. 1-45
1.35.2 Navigation data at the bottom of the screen ............................................. 1-46
1.36 Dynamic Range....................................................................................................... 1-47
1.37 Characteristics Curve .............................................................................................. 1-47
1.38 Antenna Speed ....................................................................................................... 1-48
1.39 Waypoint Marker ..................................................................................................... 1-49
1.40 Alarm Message Display .......................................................................................... 1-50
1.41 Echo Area ............................................................................................................... 1-52
1.42 Customizing (Initial Menu)....................................................................................... 1-53
1.42.1 Opening the Initial menu ........................................................................... 1-53
1.42.2 Description of Initial sub menu .................................................................. 1-53
1.43 Sector Blank ............................................................................................................ 1-55
1.44 GPS Buoy ............................................................................................................... 1-57
1.44.1 Displaying GPS buoys .............................................................................. 1-57
1.44.2 Choosing symbol color .............................................................................. 1-58
1.44.3 History display ........................................................................................... 1-58
1.44.4 Erasing GPS buoy symbols ...................................................................... 1-59
1.45 Remote Display ....................................................................................................... 1-60
vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS
2. RADAR OBSERVATION ....................................................................2-1

2.1 General......................................................................................................................2-1
2.1.1 Minimum and maximum ranges ..................................................................2-1
2.1.2 Radar resolution ..........................................................................................2-2
2.1.3 Bearing accuracy .........................................................................................2-2
2.1.4 Range measurement ...................................................................................2-2
2.2 False Echoes .............................................................................................................2-3
2.2.1 Multiple echoes ............................................................................................2-3
2.2.2 Sidelobe echoes ..........................................................................................2-3
2.2.3 Virtual image ................................................................................................2-4
2.2.4 Shadow sector .............................................................................................2-4
2.3 SART (Search and Rescue Transponder).................................................................2-5
2.3.1 SART description..........................................................................................2-5
2.3.2 General remarks on receiving SART ...........................................................2-6
2.4 RACON......................................................................................................................2-6
3. ARP OPERATION ..............................................................................3-1
3.1 Usage Precautions ....................................................................................................3-1
3.2 Controls for Use with ARP.........................................................................................3-2
3.3 ARP Display On/Off ...................................................................................................3-2
3.4 Acquiring and Tracking Targets.................................................................................3-3
3.4.1 Manual acquisition .......................................................................................3-3
3.4.2 Automatic acquisition ...................................................................................3-3
3.5 Terminating Tracking of ARP Targets .......................................................................3-4
3.5.1 Terminating tracking of selected targets ......................................................3-4
3.5.2 Terminating tracking of all targets ...............................................................3-4
3.6 Vector Attributes ........................................................................................................3-5
3.7 History Display (target past position).........................................................................3-6
3.8 ARP Target Data .......................................................................................................3-7
3.9 CPA/TCPA Alarm ......................................................................................................3-8
3.10 Proximity Alarm .........................................................................................................3-9
3.11 Lost Target ................................................................................................................3-9
3.12 Symbol Color ...........................................................................................................3-10
4. AIS OPERATION ................................................................................4-1
4.1 Controls for Use with AIS .........................................................................................4-1
4.2 Turning the AIS Display On or Off .............................................................................4-1
4.3 AIS Symbols ..............................................................................................................4-2
4.4 Activating, Sleeping Targets ......................................................................................4-2
4.5 Displaying AIS Target Data .......................................................................................4-3
4.6 Display Range ...........................................................................................................4-4
4.7 Sorting Targets ..........................................................................................................4-4
4.8 Displaying Targets Within a Specific Sector..............................................................4-5
4.9 Number of Targets to Display ....................................................................................4-5
4.10 Vector Attributes ........................................................................................................4-6
4.11 History Display (target past position).........................................................................4-7
4.12 CPA/TCPA Alarm ......................................................................................................4-8
4.13 Proximity Alarm .........................................................................................................4-9
4.14 Lost Target ..............................................................................................................4-10
4.14.1 Removing all lost AIS targets from the display ..........................................4-10
4.15 Symbol Color ...........................................................................................................4-10
vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
5. GPS OPERATION .............................................................................. 5-1

5.1 Navigator Type.......................................................................................................... 5-1
5.2 Datum........................................................................................................................ 5-2
5.3 WAAS Setup ............................................................................................................. 5-2
5.4 Satellite Monitor ........................................................................................................ 5-3
5.5 Weather Information................................................................................................. 5-4
5.6 GPS Sensor Installation Position Offset.................................................................... 5-5
5.7 Cold Start .................................................................................................................. 5-6
6. MAINTENANCE & TROUBLESHOOTING ........................................ 6-1
6.1 Preventive Maintenance............................................................................................ 6-2
6.2 Fuse Replacement .................................................................................................... 6-3
6.3 Magnetron Life .......................................................................................................... 6-3
6.4 LCD Backlight Life..................................................................................................... 6-3
6.5 Trackball Maintenance .............................................................................................. 6-4
6.6 Simple Troubleshooting ............................................................................................ 6-5
6.7 Advanced-level Troubleshooting ............................................................................... 6-6
6.8 Diagnostic Test ......................................................................................................... 6-8
6.9 LCD Test ................................................................................................................. 6-10
6.10 GPS Test................................................................................................................. 6-10
APPENDIX................................................................................................A-1
SPECIFICATIONS................................................................................. SP-1
INDEX ......................................................................................................IN-1
viii
FOREWORD
A Word to the Owner of the FR-8xx2 Marine Radar

FURUNO Electric Company thanks you for purchasing the FR-8xx2 series Color LCD Marine
Radar. We are confident you will discover why the FURUNO name has become synonymous with
quality and reliability.
For over 60 years FURUNO Electric Company has enjoyed an enviable reputation for quality and
reliability throughout the world. This dedication to excellence is furthered by our extensive global
network of agents and dealers.
Your equipment is designed and constructed to meet the rigorous demands of the marine envi-
ronment. However, no machine can perform its intended function unless properly installed and
maintained. Please carefully read and follow the operation and maintenance procedures set forth
in this manual.
We would appreciate feedback from you, the end-user, about whether we are achieving our pur-
poses.
Thank you for considering and purchasing FURUNO.
Features
The FR-8xx2 series display radar targets on a bright 12.1" color LCD. Operation is simplified with
the combination of discrete keys and trackball.
The main features are
• The FR-8xx2 series consist of the following models:

Model, output, range, antenna
Radar Antenna
Model Output Range
(Radiator Length)
FR-8252 25 kW 96 nm XN-12A (4 ft) or
XN-13A (6 ft)
FR-8122 12 kW 72 nm XN-12A (4 ft) or
XN-13A (6 ft)
FR-8062 6 kW 72 nm XN-12A (4 ft) or
XN-13A (6 ft)
• Bright 12.1" LCD visible even under direct sunlight

• User-friendly operation with combination of discrete keys and trackball
• Antenna speed may be automatically selected according to range (48 rpm motor only)
• Built-in Auto Plotter (ARP-11) optionally available
• AIS data shown with connection of FURUNO AIS Transponder FA-150
• User programmable function keys
• One touch setup of major controls with custom setup feature
• Echoes in yellow or green, or colors of red, yellow or green in order of descending strength
ix
FOREWORD
Radar Specifications and Function Availability

This radar series is available in three specification types (river, sea and IEC), and function avail-
ability depends on specification type. The table below shows specification type and function avail-
ability.
River: For river-going vessels

Sea: For sea-going vessels
IEC: IEC compliant radar
Specification and function availability

Specification Ref.
Item Description
River Sea IEC page
Automatic Menus automati- No No Yes 1-6

close cally close if not
operated for 10
seconds
AIS symbol Colors for AIS Green, Red, Green, Red, Green, Blue, 4-10
color symbol Blue, White, Blue, White, White, Black
Black Black
Effective radius Number of dots in 300 dots 300 dots 270 dots -
dot count radius of echo
display range
Echo color Choose echo Yellow Yellow Yellow 1-44
display color Green Green Green
Multicolor Multicolor
Echo area Choose shape of Ellipse Ellipse Circle 1-52
configuration echo display area Square Square
Range preset Choose ranges to Yes Yes No 1-54
use
Unit defaults Choose unit of 1) km, m 1) nm 1) nm 1-20, 1-53:
measurement for 2) km/h, mph 2) kt 2) kt Range
(1) range and (2) 1-54:
speed. Speed
Bearing scale How bearing is Graduation Graduation Graduation 1-4
indicated on the every 1 , 5 , every 1 , 5 , every 1 , 5 ,
bearing scale 10 , no 10 , no 10 , 30 ,
numeric indica- numeric indica- numeric indica-
tion tion tion every 30 .
VRM unit Choose VRM unit VRM unit may VRM unit may VRM unit inter- 1-20
be set indepen- be set indepen- linked with
dently from dently from Range unit
Range unit Range unit
Note on Chinese font: The Chinese font used in this equipment is Ricoh Company Ltd.’s Ricoh
bitmap font. Ricoh bitmap font is trademarks or registered trademarks of Richo Company, Ltd.
x
SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
FR-8252
ANTENNA UNIT
RSB-0073-087A-XN12A/XN13A
POWER SUPPLY UNIT

PSU-008
Auto Plotter DISPLAY UNIT

ARP-11 RDP-150
(built into display unit)
RGB Gyrocompass
Gyro
Converter
AD-100
AC-DC Power Supply

100/110/ Heading Sensor
PR-240
115/220/ PG-1000
230 VAC, 1φ
12-24 VDC
NMEA
Device
Remote
Display
NMEA
Device
Commercial Monitor
(SVGA or better)
External
Buzzer
OP03-136
OR
Remote
Controller
Category of units RCU-019
Antenna unit: Exposed to weather
All other units: Protected from weather : Optional equipment
xi
SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
FR-8122, FR-8062
ANTENNA UNIT
RSB-0073-085A-XN12A/XN13A: FR-8062
RSB-0073-086A-XN12A/XN13A: FR-8122
Auto Plotter
DISPLAY UNIT
ARP-11
RDP-150
(built into
display unit)
Gyrocompass
RGB
Gyro
Converter
AD-100
AC-DC Power Supply Heading Sensor

100/110/
PR-240 PG-1000
115/220/
230 VAC, 1φ
12-24 VDC
NMEA
Device
Remote
Display
NMEA
Device
Commercial Monitor
(SVGA or better)
External
Buzzer
OP03-136
OR
Remote
Controller
RCU-019
Category of units
Antenna unit: Exposed to weather
All other units: Protected from weather : Optional equipment
xii
1. OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW
1.1 Controls
1.1.1 Display unit
This radar is operated with the controls of the display unit (and the remote controller), which
includes 18 keys that are labeled with their functions, three knob controls and a trackball. When
you correctly execute an operation, the unit generates a beep. Invalid operation causes the unit
to emit several beeps.
BRILL
GAIN
No. Control Description
STBY
TX
MODE
PUSH AUTO/MAN
A/C SEA
1 /BRILL Momentary press: Turns power on; adjusts
brilliance.
PUSH AUTO/MAN
CUSTOM
A/C RAIN
PUSH AUTO/MAN
+
RANGE
-
F1
F2
Long press: Turns power off.
OFF
ZOOM CENTER
TARGET
TRAILS
ALARM
EBL VRM Note: Hereafter this control is referred to as

“POWER/BRILL”.
MENU TLL
ENTER CANCEL
HL OFF
2 STBY/TX Transmits radar pulses and places radar in

stand-by alternately.
3 MODE Chooses presentation mode.
BRILL 1
4 CUSTOM Presets radar controls for one-touch set up of
GAIN radar.
2 STBY
11 5 RANGE Chooses radar range.
TX
PUSH AUTO/MAN 6 ZOOM Zooms chosen location (or target).
A/C SEA
3 MODE 7 TARGET Sets target alarm, which watches for targets
12 ALARM entering (or exiting) an alarm zone.
4 CUSTOM
PUSH AUTO/MAN
8 EBL Measures bearing to a target.
A/C RAIN
9 MENU Opens/closes menu.
13
10 ENTER Saves chosen menu option; acquires ARP tar-
PUSH AUTO/MAN
+
get; chooses ARP or AIS target to display its
5 RANGE
F1 14 data.
- 11 GAIN Adjusts the sensitivity of the radar receiver.
F2 15
12 A/C SEA Suppress sea clutter.
OFF
6 ZOOM CENTER 16 13 A/C RAIN Suppresses rain clutter.
TARGET 14, 15 F1, F2 Function keys providing instant call up of
7 ALARM
TRAILS 17
desired function.
8 EBL VRM 18 16 OFF CENTER Shifts display.
17 TRAILS Plot radar echo movement.
9 MENU TLL 19
18 VRM Measures range to a target.
10 ENTER CANCEL
HL OFF 20 19 TLL Outputs latitude and longitude position of a tar-
get to a navigation plotter or inscribes mark at
cursor location, or both the above.
20 CANCEL/ Temporarily erases heading line; cancels last
21
HL OFF entry in menu operation; cancels tracking of
ARP target; removes data of selected ARP or
AIS target from data box; goes back one layer
in multilayer menu.
21 Trackball Chooses menu items and options; shifts
cursor.
1-1
1.1.2 Remote controller

The optional remote controller provides armchair control over transmit, standby, range and display
offcentering (30% in stern direction).
Offcenters display. OFF STBY

CENTER TX
Toggles STBY/TX.
RANGE Chooses range.
Remote controller
1-2
1.2 Turning the Radar On/Off, Transmitting

Press the POWER/BRILL key at the top of the control panel to turn the radar on, and the lamp to
its left lights. To turn the radar off, press and hold down the key until the screen turns black.
At power-up, the start-up screen appears, showing the model name, program number and the
results of the ROM and RAM check, OK or NG (No Good). If an NG appears, try pressing any key
other than the power key to proceed. If normal operation is not possible, contact your dealer for
advice.
12.1" COLOR LCD

MARINE RADAR
FR-8xx2 Model name appears here.
ROM: OK RAM: OK
Program No. 0359226-xx.xx
FURUNO ELECTRIC CO., LTD.
Start-up screen
After the tests are completed, the bearing scale and a digital timer appear. The digital timer counts
down the time remaining to warm up the magnetron, which transmits the radar pulses. This warm-
up takes 180 sec. (FR-8252) or 90 sec. (FR-8062, FR-8122).
After the timer has counted down to 0:00, the STBY screen appears, the appearance of which you
may choose according to your needs. (For further details, see paragraph 1.41.2.) The radar is now
ready to transmit radar pulses. Press the STBY/TX key to transmit radar pulses.
The STBY/TX key toggles between stand-by and transmit status. The antenna rotates in transmit
condition and is stopped in standby. Because the magnetron ages with use it is highly recom-
mended to set the radar in standby when it will not be required, to extend the life of the magnetron.
Quick start
Provided that the radar was once in use with the transmitter tube (magnetron) still warm, you can
get the radar into TRANSMIT condition without the warm-up. If the POWER/BRILL key was
turned off by mistake or the like and you wish to restart the radar promptly, turn on the POWER/
BRILL key not later than 10 seconds after power-off. This feature is not available with the
FR-8252.
1-3
1.3 Display Indications

Presentation mode
Auto adjustment of
rain and sea clutters
Range ring interval
Offcenter Heading North Marker
(M: Manual, A: Auto)
Range 0.25
0.75 NM 359.9° M TUNE AUTO
TUNE indicator
Pulse length SP OFFCENTER(M)
GAIN AUTO
GAIN indicator
H UP SEA AUTO
Custom setting name HARBOR A/C AUTO RAIN AUTO
A/C SEA indicator
Echo stretch (ES), ES 1 EAV1
A/C RAIN indicator
NR LOW
2ND ECHO 2nd echo rejector
Echo averaging (EAV) IR LOW
ZOOM Zoom
WATCH
Noise rejector (NR), WATCHMAN
Interference rejector (IR) Target alarm zone 1
Origin mark
Dashed: relative No. 2 EBL
Solid: true
Heading line
Bearing scale
No. 1 VRM No. 2 VRM

No. 1 EBL
Range ring
Zoom cursor
Cursor + Zoom window
Target alarm zone 2
Trail reference TRAILS (T) ALARM1_IN Target alarm

Trail time 15S ALARM2_OUT
indications
No.1 EBL bearing EBL1>270.0°R< VRM1>0.425<NM No. 1 VRM range
No. 2 EBL bearing EBL2 45.0°R + 242.8°R 2.782 NM VRM2 0.220NM
No. 2 VRM range
OWN LAT: 34°56.123 N CURSOR LAT: 34°56.123 N WAY 14.90 NM TEMP 12.3°C
SHIP LON: 135°34.567 E LON: 135°34.567 E POINT Cursor data
202.4°
TTG: 00:20 DEPTH 56.7 m
SPEED 12.3 kt TTG: 01:00
Nav data: Appears at screen bottom when Data Box in the

(Range and bearing or L/L position)
Display sub menu is set to "Nav" or "All". Appropriate sensors
required to display nav data.
Display indications
The screen configuration, chosen 000
Note 330 030
during the installation, is available
in three types, “Sea”, “River” and 300 060
“IEC”, and the default configuration

is “Sea”. The majority of the 270 090
descriptions in this manual use the

“Sea” configuration. The major dif- 240 120
ference between the Sea, River 210 150

and IEC configurations is the effec- 180
tive display area - it is elliptical on Bearing scale for Sea and Bearing scale for
the Sea and River types and cir- River configurations IEC configuration
cular on the IEC type.
1-4
1.4 Adjusting Display Brilliance, Panel Dimmer

The display brilliance and panel dimmer may be adjusted as follows:
1. Press the POWER/BRILL key momentarily to show the Brill/Panel dialog box.
Brill/Panel
W Min Max X
Brill (1 - 15) 15
Panel (1 - 15) 15
[ENTER]: Select
[CANCEL/HL OFF]: Close
Brill/Panel dialog box

2. Press the ENTER key to choose Brill or Panel, whichever you wish to adjust.
3. Roll the trackball rightward or leftward to adjust. (For brilliance, you may also use the POWER/
BRILL key.)
4. Press the CANCEL/HL OFF key to close the window.
1.5 Menu Overview

Less-often used functions are controlled through the menu, which consists of 15 menus and 5 sub
menus. Below is the basic procedure for menu operation.
1. Press the MENU key to display the menu.

Menu Currently selected menu
Title bar*4 Menu Echo

Brill/Color Auto Gain :Moderate
4 Display Auto Sea :Moderate
Cursor* Echo Auto Rain :Moderate
Target Trails Pulse Length :Long
Mark Echo Stretch :Off
Custom 1 Echo Average :Off Menu items
Custom 2 Noise Rejector :Off and current
Custom 3 Interference Rejector :Med settings
Tuning Auto Anti Clutter :Off
GPS Buoy Display-Dynamic :Normal
Target Display-Curve :2
ARP*1 Antenna Speed :48rpm
AIS*2 2nd Echo Rejector :Off
GPS*3 [ENTER]: Enter [CANCEL/HL OFF]: Back
Arrow means System [MENU]: Exit
sub menus
present
Scroll bar
(Indicates menus not currently shown in menu window.
Black vertical line indicates location in menu.)
*1 Displayed if equipped with ARP Board.

*2 Displayed if radar is interfaced with AIS transponder.
*3 Dipslayed if radar is interfaced with GPS receiver.
*4 Title bar is currently controllable column is blue; selected cursor is
yellow. Title bar of inactive column is gray.
Menu
2. Roll the trackball to choose a menu or sub menu. As you roll the trackball, the yellow (highlight)
cursor in the Menu column indicates the menu currently selected and the menu items change
according to the menu selected.
1-5
Menu description
Brill/Color: Choose colors; adjust range ring brilliance.
DIsplay: Control display functions.
Echo: Adjust radar echo.
Target Trails: Process target trails.
Mark: Process markers such as VRM and EBL.
Custom 1-Custom 3: One-touch set up for given navigation situation.
Tuning: Adjust radar tuning.
GPS Buoy: Set up GPS buoy display.
Target: Set up ARP and AIS targets.
ARP: Set up ARP display.
AIS: Set up AIS display.
GPS: Set up FURUNO GPS receiver interfaced with this radar.
System:
Initial: Initial settings.
Factory: System diagnostic and LCD test.
Installation: Items for installation. Not accessible by user.
Sector Blank 1, Sector Blank 2: Set up for preventing transmission in a certain area.
3. Press the ENTER key to switch control to the menu items column. At this time the cursor in the
menu column turns gray and the cursor in the menu items column is yellow, indicating that con-
trol is now with the menu items column.
To switch control between the menu column and menu items column, use the CANCEL/HL
OFF key. The color of the title bar of the active column is blue and the color of the title bar of
the inactive column is gray.
4. Roll the trackball to choose the menu item desired and press the ENTER key. A window with
options for the corresponding menu item appears. For example, the window below shows the
options for Color in the Target Trails menu.
Green
Red
Blue
White
Black
5. Roll the trackball upward or downward to choose appropriate option.

6. Press the ENTER key to save your selection. To close the window without saving, press the
CANCEL/HL OFF key (instead of the ENTER key).
7. Press the MENU key to close the menu.
The menus on the IEC-type radar close automatically when there is no menu opera-
Note
tion for 10 seconds, as per IEC regulations. The following menus and screens how-
ever are exempt from this rule: Alarm message, GPS self test, Satellite monitor,
Diagnostic, LCD pattern, tuning initial adjust and auto installation setup.
Menus do not close automatically in the “River” or “Sea” configuration.
1-6
1.6 Tuning
The radar receiver can be tuned automatically or manually, and the default tuning method is auto-
matic. If you require manual tuning, do the following:
1. Use the RANGE key to choose the 48-mile range.

2. Press the MENU key to display the main menu.
3. Use the trackball to choose Tuning and press the ENTER key.
Menu Tuning
Brill/Color Tuning Mode :Auto
Display Manual Tuning :2048
Echo
Target Trails
Mark
Custom 1
Custom 2
Custom 3
Tuning
GPS Buoy
Target
ARP
AIS
GPS [ENTER]: Enter [CANCEL/HL OFF]: Back
System [MENU]: Exit
4. Use the trackball to choose Tuning Mode and press the ENTER key.
Auto
Manual
Tuning options
5. Choose Manual and press the ENTER key.
6. Choose Manual Tuning and push the ENTER key. The window shown below appears.
2048
(0-4095)
7. Roll the trackball upward or downward to adjust the tuning, watching the tuning bar at the top
right corner. The best tuning point is where the tuning bar swings maximum. The vertical bar
on the tuning bar shows tuning control position; not the tuning condition.
Tuning method (Manual) TUNE MAN Tuning bar
GAIN AUTO
SEA AUTO
RAIN AUTO
Tuning indicator
8. Push the ENTER key.
1-7
1.7 Presentation Modes

This radar has the following presentation modes:
Relative Motion (RM)

Head-up: Unstabilized display. Heading is at the top of the screen.
Course-up: Compass-stabilized relative to ship's orientation. The bearing scale rotates to place
ship’s heading (course set) at the screen top at the moment the course-up mode is selected.
North-up: Compass-stabilized with reference to north. Bearing scale is fixed.
True Motion (TM)

North-up: Ground or sea stabilized with compass and speed inputs. Own ship moves on the dis-
play. Landmasses and sea are fixed.
1.7.1 Choosing presentation mode

Press the MODE key consecutively to choose presentation mode desired. The presentation mode
in use appears at the top left corner on the screen.
All modes except head-up require a heading signal, in AD-10 format or NMEA
Note
format. If the heading signal is lost, the mode is changed to head-up and the north
marker disappears. Further, the heading readout shows XXX.X and the message
“GYRO” (AD-10 format data) or “NMEA-HEAD” (NMEA format data) appears in the
alarm message display. Restore gyro input and confirm bearing.
1.7.2 Description of presentation modes
Head-up mode
Heading Line
North Marker
The head-up mode is a display in which the line con-
necting own ship and the top of the display indicates own
ship's heading.
The target pips are painted at their measured distances

and in their directions relative to own ship's heading.
Echoes may be unstable in severe yawing and turning.
A short line on the bearing scale is the north marker, indi-

cating heading sensor north.
1-8
Course-up mode
North Marker Heading Line
The course-up mode is an azimuth stabilized dis-
play in which a line connecting the center with the
top of the display indicates own ship's intended
course (namely, own ship's previous heading just
before this mode has been selected).
Target pips are painted at their measured dis-

tances and in their directions relative to the
intended course, which is maintained at the 0-
degree position. The heading line moves in accor-
dance with ship's yawing and course change. This
mode is useful to avoid smearing of picture during
course change.
North-up mode
The north-up mode paints target pips at their measured dis-
tances and in their true (heading sensor) directions from own
ship, north bearing maintained at the top of the screen. The
heading line changes its direction according to the ship's
heading.
True motion mode

Own ship and other moving objects move in accordance with
their true courses and speed. In ground stabilized TM, all
fixed targets, such as landmasses, appear as stationary
echoes.
When own ship reaches a point corresponding to 75% of the

radius of the display, own ship position is automatically reset
to a point of 75% radius opposite to the extension of the
heading line passing through the display center. You may
also reset the own ship symbol manually by pressing the OFF
CENTER key. The method of resetting is the same as men-
tioned above.
1-9
Automatic resetting of own ship marker in true motion mode

North
marker
Heading
line
(a) True motion (b) Own ship has reached a (c) Own ship is automatically
is selected point 75% of display radius reset to 75% of radius
1.8 Choosing a Range Scale

The selected range scale, range ring interval and pulse length are shown at the upper left corner
on the screen. When a target of interest comes closer, reduce the range scale so that it appears
in 50-90% of the display radius.
Use the RANGE key to choose range desired. Hit the "+" part of the key to raise the range;
the "-" part to lower the range.
1-10
1.9 Choosing a Pulse Length

The pulse length in use appears at the top left position on the screen. Appropriate pulse lengths
are preset to individual range scales and custom setups. If you are not satisfied with the pulse
length setting on the 1.5 nm or 3 nm range, you may change it as below. (Pulse length cannot be
changed on any other ranges.) Use a longer pulse when your objective is long range detection, a
shorter pulse when resolution is important.
1. Press the MENU key to open the menu.

2. Use the trackball to choose the Echo menu and press the ENTER key.
Menu Echo
Brill/Color Auto Gain :Moderate
Display Auto Sea :Calm
Echo Auto Rain :Calm
Target Trails Pulse Length :Short
Mark Echo Stretch :1
Custom 1 Echo Average :Off
Custom 2 Noise Rejector :Off
Custom 3 Interference Rejector :Off
Tuning Auto Anti Clutter :Off
GPS Buoy DIsplay-Dynamic :Normal
Target DIsplay-Curve :1
ARP Antenna Speed :48rpm
AIS 2nd Echo Rejector :Off
System [MENU]: Exit
3. Use the trackball to choose Pulse Length and press the ENTER key.
Short
Long
4. Choose Short or Long as appropriate and press the ENTER key.

1-11
1.10 Adjusting the Gain (sensitivity)

The gain functions to adjust the receiver sensitivity for the best reception of signals of widely
varying amplitudes.
1.10.1 Choosing gain adjustment method

Gain may be adjusted automatically or manually. Push the GAIN control to choose automatic or
manual adjustment alternately. The adjustment method currently chosen is show at the top right
corner of the screen. In the example below the gain adjustment method is “AUTO”.
TUNE AUTO
Gain adjustment method (AUTO) GAIN AUTO
SEA AUTO
RAIN AUTO
Gain adjustment method indicator
1.10.2 Setting automatic gain level

2. Choose the Echo menu and press the ENTER key.
3. Choose Auto Gain and press the ENTER key.
Rough
Moderate
Calm
4. Choose the option which best matches current sea condition and press the ENTER key.
5. Press the MENU key to close the menu. Gain is automatically adjusted according to the level
selected.
1.10.3 Manual gain adjustment

Adjust the gain such that noise faintly appears over the entire screen. If the gain is too low weak
echoes will not be displayed and if the gain is too high, weak echoes will be hidden in background
noise.
1. Push the GAIN control to show “GAIN MAN” as the gain adjustment method.
2. Rotate the GAIN control to adjust the gain. Adjust the control so background noise is just visible
on the screen.
1-12
1.11 Suppressing Sea Clutter

Echoes from waves cover the central part of the display with random signals known as sea clutter.
The higher the waves, and the higher the antenna above the water, the further the clutter will
extend. When sea clutter masks the picture, use the A/C SEA control to suppress the clutter,
either manually or automatically.
1.11.1 Choosing sea clutter adjustment method

Push the A/C SEA control to choose automatic or manual adjustment alternately. The adjustment
method currently chosen is show at the top right corner of the screen. In the example below the
sea clutter adjustment method is “AUTO”.
TUNE AUTO
GAIN AUTO
A/C SEA adjustment method (AUTO) SEA AUTO
RAIN AUTO
A/C SEA indicator
1.11.2 Setting automatic sea clutter suppression level

3. Choose Auto Sea and press the ENTER key.
Rough
Moderate
Calm
5. Press the MENU key to close the menu. Sea clutter is automatically adjusted according to the
level selected.
1-13
1.11.3 Manual sea clutter adjustment

1. Push the A/C SEA control to show “SEA MAN” as the A/C SEA adjustment method.
2. Rotate the A/C SEA control to suppress sea clutter.
The proper setting of the A/C SEA control is such that the clutter is broken up into small dots, and
small targets become distinguishable. If the setting is set too low, targets will be hidden in the
clutter, while if the setting is too high, both sea clutter and targets will disappear from the display.
In most cases adjust the control until clutter has disappeared to leeward, but a little is still visible
windward.
Sea clutter at A/C SEA control adjusted;

screen center sea clutter suppressed
Appearance of sea clutter
1.12 Suppressing Rain Clutter

The vertical beamwidth of the antenna is designed to see surface targets even when the ship is
rolling. However, by this design the unit will also detect rain clutter (rain, snow, or hail) in the same
manner as normal targets.
The A/C RAIN control adjusts the receiver sensitivity as the A/C SEA control does but rather in a
longer time period (longer range). The higher the setting the greater the anti-clutter effect. When
echoes from precipitation mask solid targets, adjust the control to split up these unwanted echoes
into a speckled pattern, making recognition of solid targets easier.
1.12.1 Choosing rain clutter adjustment method

Rain clutter may be adjusted automatically or manually. Push the A/C RAIN control to choose
automatic or manual adjustment alternately. The adjustment method currently chosen is show at
the top right corner of the screen. In the example below the rain clutter adjustment method is
“AUTO.”
TUNE AUTO
GAIN AUTO
SEA AUTO
A/C RAIN adjustment method (AUTO) RAIN AUTO
A/C RAIN indicator
1-14
1.12.2 Setting automatic rain clutter suppression level

3. Choose Auto Rain and press the ENTER key.
Rough
Moderate
Calm
5. Press the MENU key to close the menu. Rain clutter is automatically adjusted according to the
level selected.
1.12.3 Manual rain clutter adjustment

1. Push the A/C RAIN control to show “RAIN MAN” as the A/C RAIN adjustment method.
2. Rotate the A/C RAIN control to suppress the rain clutter.
Rain clutter at A/C RAIN control

screen center adjusted
Appearance of rain clutter
1-15
1.13 Automatic Suppression of Sea and Rain Clutters

If neither sea clutter or rain clutter are sufficiently suppressed in spite of adjustment of respective
controls, turn on the automatic anti clutter feature to suppress them. A/C AUTO appears at the top
left corner when this feature is turned on.

3. Choose Auto Anti Clutter and press the ENTER key.
Off
On
4. Choose Off or On as appropriate and press the ENTER key.
Press the MENU key to close the menu.
Caution on usage
• A/C auto may erase an echo covering a wide area, such as land or island. See the example
below.
• With A/C auto active, the level of a target obscured by sea clutter or rain clutter may be further
lowered. In this case switch to manual A/C Sea and manual A/C Rain and adjust the picture.
Land
:£:¸
:Å:» :£:¸
:Å:»
Land
:©:¸
Rain Clutter
A/C Auto: OFF A/C Auto: ON
1-16
1.14 Cursor
The cursor functions to find the range and bearing (default function) to a target or the latitude and
longitude position of a target. Roll the trackball to position the cursor and read the cursor data at
the screen bottom.
0.5
3 NM
+ Cursor
+ 110.1°R 2.525 NM
Cursor data
(latitutde and longitude
or range and bearing)
Cursor data
Cursor data
Cursor data can be shown as latitude and longitude or range and bearing from own ship to the
cursor. Position and heading bearing signal are required.

2. Choose the Mark menu and press the ENTER key
3. Choose Cursor Position and press the ENTER key.
Rng/Brg
Lat/Lon
4. Choose Brg/Rng or Lat/Long as appropriate and press the ENTER key. (Note that cursor lati-
tude and longitude position cannot be displayed when nav data is displayed.)
1-17
1.15 Interference Rejector

Mutual radar interference may occur in the vicinity of another shipborne radar operating in the
same frequency band (9 GHz). It is seen on the screen as a number of bright spikes either in irreg-
ular patterns or in the form of usually curved spoke-like dotted lines extending from the center to
the edge of the picture. Activating the interference rejector circuit can reduce this type of interfer-
ence.
Interference
3. Choose Interference Rejector and press the ENTER key.
Off
Low
Med
High
4. Choose Off, Low, Med or High as appropriate and press the ENTER key. High provides the
highest degree of interference rejection.
Be sure to turn off the interference rejector when no interference exists, so as not to miss small
targets.
1-18
1.16 Measuring the Range to a Target

The range to a target may be measured three ways: with the fixed range rings, with the cursor (if
set to measure range and bearing), and with the VRM.
Use the fixed range rings to obtain a rough estimate of the range to a target. They are the concen-
tric solid circles about own ship, or the sweep origin. The number of rings is automatically deter-
mined by the selected range scale and their interval is displayed at the upper-left position of the
screen. Count the number of rings between the center of the display and the target. Check the
range ring interval and judge the distance of the echo from the inner edge of the nearest ring.
1.16.1 Measuring range by the variable range marker (VRM)

There are two VRMs, No. 1 and No. 2, which appear as dashed rings so that you can discriminate
them from the fixed range rings. The two VRMs can be distinguished from each other by different
lengths of dashes.
1. Press the VRM key to display either of the VRMs. Successively pressing the VRM key toggles
the active VRM between No. 1 and No. 2. The currently active marker is enclosed with >.....<
in the VRM indication box.
2. Operate the Trackball to align the variable range marker with the inner edge of the target of
interest and read its distance at the lower-right corner of the screen. Each VRM remains at the
same geographical distance when you operate the RANGE key. This means that the apparent
radius of the VRM ring changes in proportion to the selected range scale.
3. You may “anchor” the VRM by choosing it and pressing the ENTER key.
4. To erase a VRM, make it active and press the CANCEL/HL OFF key.
+ Target
No. 1 No. 2
VRM VRM
VRM1>0.007NM<
+ 37.4°R 0.007 NM VRM2 0.140NM VRM
indications
Measuring range and bearing between two targets with the EBL
1-19
1.16.2 Choosing VRM unit

The unit of measurement used by the VRM can be selected to nautical miles, kilometers, statute
miles or kiloyard. Note that the cursor range unit is also changed when the VRM unit is changed.

2. Choose the Mark menu and press the ENTER key.
3. Choose VRM Unit and press the ENTER key.
nm
km
sm
kyd
nm&yd
4. Choose desired unit and press the ENTER key.
1-20
1.17 Turning Range Rings On/Off, Adjusting Range

Ring Brilliance
2. Choose the Brill/Color menu and press the ENTER key.
Menu Brill/Color
Brill/Color Range Rings Brill :High
Display Echo Color :Yellow
Echo Display Color :Night
Target Trails Background Color :Black/Green
Mark
Custom 1
Custom 2
Custom 3
Tuning
GPS Buoy
Target
ARP
AIS
System [MENU]: Exit
3. Choose Range Rings Brill and press the ENTER key.
Off
Low
Med
High
4. Choose appropriate brilliance and press the ENTER key. “Off” turns off the range rings.
1-21
1.18 Measuring the Bearing to a Target

Use the Electronic Bearing Lines (EBLs) to take bearings of targets. There are two EBLs, No. 1
and No. 2. Each EBL is a straight dashed line extending out from the own ship position up to the
circumference of the radar picture. The fine dashed line is the No. 1 EBL and the coarse dashed
one is the No. 2 EBL.
1.18.1 Measuring the bearing with an EBL

1. Press the EBL key to display either of the EBLs. Successively pressing the EBL key toggles
the active EBL between No. 1 and No. 2. The currently active marker is enclosed with >.....< in
the EBL indication box.
2. Operate the Trackball to bisect the target of interest with the EBL and read its bearing at the
lower-left corner of the screen.
3. You may “anchor” an EBL by choosing it and pressing the ENTER key.
4. To erase an EBL, make it active and press the CANCEL/HL OFF key.
+ No. 2
EBL
No. 1
EBL
EBL1>270.0°R<
EBL EBL2 0.45.0°R + 45.0°R 0.338 NM
indications
How to measure the bearing to a target with the EBL
1-22
1.18.2 EBL reference

The EBL readout is affixed by "R" (relative) if it is relative to own ship's heading, "T" (true) if it is
referenced to the north. You may choose relative or true in the head-up modes; in all other modes
it is always TRUE. True bearing requires a heading sensor.

3. Choose EBL Reference and press the ENTER key.
Relative
True
4. Choose Relative or True as appropriate and press the ENTER key.

1.19 Measuring the Range and Bearing Between Two

Targets
You may shift the origin of the EBL to measure the range and bearing between two targets.
1. Press the EBL key to choose the

bearing indication of No. 1 EBL or No. No. 2
2 EBL (whichever you want to use). No. 1 EBL
(The currently active marker is EBL +Tgt B
enclosed with >.....<). No. 1 Tgt D No. 2
Tgt A +
VRM VRM
2. Place the cursor on target A.
EBL origin Tgt C
3. Press the OFFCENTER key to shift
the EBL origin to the location chosen
at step 2. Use the trackball to bisect
target B with the EBL.
4. Use the VRM key to display the VRM
having the same number as the EBL
activated at step 1.
5. Roll the trackball to set the VRM on
the inner edge of target B. EBL1 >140.0°R< VRM1 >0.500NM<
EBL2 335.2°R VRM2 0.980NM
6. Read the bearing and range indica-
tions at the bottom of the screen.
Range/bearing Range/bearing
To return the origin of an EBL to the
between targets A and B between targets C and D
screen center, choose appropriate
EBL with the EBL key, press the OFF-
CENTER key followed by the ENTER
key. Pressing the OFFCENTER key
alone places the EBL origin at the
screen center and cursor location alter-
nately.
1-23
1.20 Target Alarm

The target alarm serves to alert the navigator to
targets (ships, landmasses, etc.) entering a set
area, with audio and visual alarms.
CAUTION
• The alarm should not be relied upon as
The alarm may be set to sound against targets the sole means for detecting possible
entering or exiting the zone. See paragraph 1.20.3. collision situations.
• A/C SEA, A/C RAIN and GAIN controls

1.20.1 Setting a target alarm should be properly adjusted to be sure
the alarm system does not overlook
The procedure which follows shows you how to set
target echoes.
a target alarm, using the illustration below as an
example.
1. Press the TARGET ALARM key to activate ALARM 1 or ALARM 2 as appropriate.

2. Use the trackball to drag the cursor to the location “A” and press the ENTER key.
3. Drag the cursor to the location “B” and press the ENTER key.
3 0.5 Target alarm zone 1

NM
(Length of dash
and interval longer
A
+B on alarm zone 2)
Cursor
+
ALARM1_IN Alarm status

+ 110.1°R 2.525 NM
How to set a target alarm zone

•If you wish to create a target alarm zone having a 360-degree coverage around own
Note
ship, set point "B" in almost the same direction as point "A."
•When the target alarm zone is not within the range in use, the indication OUTRNG
replaces ALARM1(or 2)_IN(or OUT) in the alarm status area. In this case choose a
range which will display the target alarm zone.
1.20.2 Silencing the audio alarm

A target in the target alarm zone produces both visual (flashing) and audio (beep) alarms. To
silence the audio alarm, press any key. This will deactivate the audio alarm but will not stop the
flashing of the offending target.
1-24
1.20.3 Choosing alarm type

As noted earlier the target alarm may be set sound against targets entering or exiting the alarm.
Choose desired type as below.
Inward target alarm Outward target alarm
In and Out alarms

1. Press the MENU key to shown the menu.
3. Choose Target Alarm 1 Mode or Target Alarm 2 Mode as appropriate and press the ENTER
key.
In
Out
4. Choose “In” to get the alarm on targets entering a target alarm zone or “Out” to alert you to tar-
gets exiting a target alarm zone.
5. Press the ENTER key followed by the MENU key.
1.20.4 Temporarily deactivating a target alarm

You may temporarily deactivate a target alarm when its use is not immediately required. The alarm
zone remains on the screen, however any targets entering (or exiting) it will not trigger the audio
and visual alarms.
1. Press the TARGET ALARM key to choose the ALARM1 or ALARM2 indication at the bottom
right corner on the screen. The selected indication is circumscribed with a rectangle.
2. Press the CANCEL/HL OFF key. The alarm indication now shows ALARM1(or 2)_ACK.
To reactivate a temporarily deactivated target alarm, press the ENTER key with the alarm
zone displayed on the screen. The alarm indication then changes to ALARM1(or 2)_IN(or
OUT).
1.20.5 Deactivating a target alarm

1. Press the TARGET ALARM key to choose ALARM1 or ALARM2 indication at the bottom right
corner on the screen. The selected indication is circumscribed with a rectangle.
2. Press the CANCEL/HL OFF key.
3. Press the TARGET ALARM key again, and a dashed rectangle circumscribes the alarm indi-
cation which now reads ALARM1(or 2)_ACK.
4. Press the CANCEL/HL OFF key again. The target alarm zone and the alarm indication are
erased from the screen.
1-25
1.20.6 Choosing target strength which triggers target alarm

You may choose the target strength level which triggers the alarm as follows:

2. Choose the Initial sub menu from the System menu and the press the ENTER key.
3. Choose Alarm Level and press the ENTER key.
Low
Med
High
4. Choose the echo strength level which you want to trigger the target alarm.
5. Press the ENTER key.
1.21 Off Centering the Display

Own ship position, or sweep origin, can be displaced to expand the view field without switching to
a larger range scale.
The display may be off centered manually, or automatically according to ship’s speed. Press the
OFF CENTER key successively to choose desired off centering method or turn off centering, in
the sequence of manual, automatic, off. OFF CENTER(M) or OFFCENTER(A) appears at the top
left corner on the display when off centering is enabled. Note that off center is not available on the
96 nm range scale.
1.21.1 Automatic off center

The amount of automatic shift is calculated according to ship's speed, and the amount is limited
to 75% of the range in use. The formula for calculating automatic shift is shown below.
Ship's speed
X 0.75 = Amount of shift(%)
Shift speed setting
For example, if you set the shift speed setting for 15 knots and the ship is running at 10 knots the
amount of shift will be 50% of the effective display area.
Choosing speed to use

2. Choose the Initial sub menu from the System menu and press the ENTER key.
3. Choose Shift Speed and press the ENTER key.
15kt
(1kt-99kt)
4. Choose the speed to use and press the ENTER key.

1-26
Activating automatic off center

Press the OFF CENTER key to display OFF CENTER (A) at the top of the screen. Own ship posi-
tion is placed at stern position and shifts according to own ship’s speed. To cancel automatic shift
press the key again.
1.21.2 Manual off center

The own ship position may be shifted to the cursor position on any mode, within 75% of the effec-
tive display area.
1. Place the cursor where you want to locate sweep origin.

2. Press the OFF CENTER key to show OFF CENTER (M) at the top of the screen.
3. To cancel shift, press the OFF CENTER key again.
1.22 Zoom
The zoom function enlarges an area of interest as large as twice the normal viewing size, in the
zoom window. You choose the target of interest to zoom with the zoom cursor and that target is
zoomed in the zoom window.
Three types of zoom are available: Relative, True and Target.
Relative: The zoom cursor moves relative to own ship.

True: The zoom cursor is fixed at set geographical position.
Target: The zoom cursor is fixed to the zoomed AIS or ARP target.
1.22.1 How to zoom

1. Press the ZOOM key to turn on the zoom feature.
ZOOM appears at the top right hand corner of the screen and the zoom window and zoom
cursor in the effective display area. The zoom cursor is a dashed line square in case of true or
relative zoom mode or a solid line square in case of target zoom mode. The location of the
zoom window depends on the location of the zoom cursor. If the zoom cursor is on the left-half
of the screen, the zoom window is located at the right side of the screen and vice versa.
0.5
3 NM
ZOOM Zoom ON
(Dashed line
in True or
Relative mode)
Zoom cursor +
(Dashed line
in True or
Relative mode)
+
Zoom
window
+ 180.1°R 2.121 NM
Zoom
1-27
2. Do one of the following depending on the zoom mode in use.
Relative or true zoom mode

1. Use the trackball to place the cursor where you want to zoom and press the ENTER key. The
zoom cursor is shown with solid lines and is fixed at the location chosen. Each press of the
ZOOM key enables or disables the zoom cursor. The zoom cursor is shown with dashed lines
when it is active and solid lines when it is inactive.
2. To quit zoom, press the ZOOM key to show the zoom cursor with dashed lines and press the
CANCEL/HL OFF key.
Target zoom mode

The zoom cursor is interlinked with zoomed ARP or AIS target. The zoomed ARP or AIS target
will be the one last-displayed in the data box at the bottom of the display. To quit target zoom,
press the ZOOM key again.
If neither ARP nor AIS target exists, the message NO TARGET appears. Press any
Note
key to erase the message.
1.22.2 Zoom mode

You may choose the zoom mode from among Relative, True or Target.

2. Choose the Display menu and press the ENTER key.
3. Choose Zoom Mode and press the ENTER key.
Relative
True
Target
4. Choose the appropriate option and press the ENTER key.

1-28
1.23 Echo Stretch

The echo stretch feature enlarges targets in the range and bearing directions to make them easier
to see, and is available on any range. There are three levels of echo stretch as shown in the table
below.
Echo stretch settings
ES
Stretch in range direction Stretch in bearing direction
Setting
1 Stretched +2 dots An echo is stretched to three dots in size in

bearing direction if it is less than three dots in
bearing direction. If its size is larger than three
dots it is not stretched.
2 Stretched +3 dots An echo is stretched to four dots in size in
bearing direction if it is less than four dots in
bearing direction. If its size is larger than four
3 Stretched +3 dots An echo is stretched to five dots in size in
bearing direction if it is less than five dots in
bearing direction. If its size is larger than five
The echo stretch magnifies not only small target pips but also returns (clutter) from
Note
sea surface, rain and radar interference. For this reason, make sure those types of
interference have been sufficiently suppressed before activating the echo stretch.

3. Choose Echo Stretch and press the ENTER key.
Off
1
2
3
4. Choose the appropriate echo stretch option and press the ENTER key.
1-29
1.24 Echo Averaging

To distinguish real target echoes from sea clutter, echoes are averaged over successive picture
frames. If an echo is solid and stable, it is presented in its normal intensity. Sea clutter is averaged
over successive scans resulting in reduced brilliance, making it easier to discriminate real targets
from sea clutter.
Note •Do not use the echo average function under heavy pitching and rolling; loss of target
detection can result.
•This feature requires a heading signal. When the signal becomes lost, echo average
is automatically disabled.
To properly use the echo average function, it is recommended to first suppress sea clutter with
the A/C SEA control. Then, do as follows:
3. Choose Echo Average and press the ENTER key.
Off
1
2
3
4. Choose the appropriate echo averaging option and press the ENTER key.
Off: Disable echo average.
1: Distinguish targets from sea clutter and suppress brilliance of unstable echoes.
2: Distinguish targets from sea clutter which cannot be done with setting 1.
3: Detect distant, unstable targets.
5. Press the MENU key to close the menu. The chosen echo average (EAV1, EAV2 or EAV3)
appears at the top left corner of the display.
1-30
1.25 Target Trails

The trails of the radar targets may be displayed in the form of synthetic afterglow. Target trails are
chosen either relative or true. True motion trails require a heading bearing signal and position
data.
1.25.1 Starting, stopping trails

1. Press the TRAILS key to start trails and choose trail time. The chosen time, along with trail
mode, is shown at the bottom left corner as shown in the figure below. Trail time is available
among 15 s, 30 s, 1 min., 3 min., 6 min., 15 min., and 30 min., and CONTINUOUS. (If 12 H or
24 is selected for Length on the Target Trails menu, one of those times plus CONTINUOUS are
the choices.)
Trail Mode (T, True, R, Relative) TRAILS (T)

Trail Time 15S
Trail indications
2. To change trail time, press the TRAILS key to choose desired trail time. The longer the trail
time, the longer the trail itself. The trial time selectable with the TRAILS key changes according
to trail length setting on the menu. For further details, see paragraph 1.24.10.
Note •To erase trails, press and hold down the TRAILS key until a beep sounds. Alterna-
tively, execute All Cancel on the Trails menu.
•To disable trails, press and hold down the TRAILS key several times until the trail
indications and trails are erased from the display.
1-31
1.25.2 Trail mode

You may display echo trails in true or relative motion. Relative trails show relative movements
between targets and own ship. True motion trails present true target movements in accordance
with their over-the-ground speeds and course, and require a gyrocompass signal and own ship
speed input.
(a) True target trails (b) Relative target trails

(No smearing of (Targets moving relative
stationary targets) to own ship)
To choose trail mode, do the following:

2. Choose the Target Trails menu and press the ENTER key.
Menu Target Trails

Brill/Color Gradation :Multi
Display Color :Green
Echo Mode :Relative
Target Trails Level :2
Mark Length :24H
Custom 1 Time :12h:00m
Custom 2 Copy :Off
Custom 3 Restart :Off
Tuning Narrow :Off
GPS Buoy Own Ship :Off
Target All Cancel
ARP
AIS
System [MENU]: Exit
3. Choose Mode and press the ENTER key.
Relative
True
4. Choose the appropriate mode and press the ENTER key.

1-32
1.25.3 Trail gradation

Trails may be shown in single or multiple gradation. Multiple gradation provides gradual shading
over time. This feature is available when Length on the Target Trails menu is set to Normal.

3. Choose Trail Gradation and press the ENTER key.
Single
Multi
4. Choose Single or Multi and press the ENTER key.
Single Multiple
(Monotone shading) (Gradual shading)
1.25.4 Trail color

You may choose the color in which to paint trails. This feature is available when Length on the
Target Trails menu is set to Normal.

3. Choose Color and press the ENTER key.
Green
Red
Blue
White
Black
4. Choose the appropriate color and press the ENTER key.

1.25.5 Trail level

You may choose which target strength for which to generate trails.

3. Choose Level and press the ENTER key.
1
2
3
4. Choose 1, 2 or 3 as appropriate and press the ENTER key.

1: Trails generated for all targets (including weak ones), 2: Normal usage, 3: Trails generated
for strong targets only
1-33
1.25.6 Trail copy

The trail copy feature, which is turned on in the default setting, lets you continue tracing target
trails when switching the range. However, if the newly selected range is less than 1/4 of the pre-
vious range, trails are erased. When this feature is turned off, trails are erased and restarted
whenever the range is changed. Note that the restart trails feature (see paragraph 1.24.9) must
be turned on to use trail copy.
Copied trail picture
Before changing range After changing range
How trail copy works

3. Choose Copy and press the ENTER key.
Off
On

1.25.7 Narrow trails

Target trails may be painted in thinner trails if desired. This can be useful when there are a lot of
targets on the screen.

3. Choose Narrow and press the ENTER key.
1.25.8 Own ship trail

You may show own ship’s trail as follows:

2. Choose Own Ship and press the ENTER key.
1-34
1.25.9 Restarting trails

When the range is changed while the trail feature is active, trails within the former range scale may
stopped and restarted. The relationship between trail restart and trail copy is shown in the table
below.
Restart feature Trail copy feature Action
Off On or Off Range switched to adjacent range scale

All trails are erased when range is changed. Trails are
not restarted.
Return to previous range scale
Previous trails are displayed and are continued.
On On Range switched to adjacent range scale
Previous trails remain on the display and are con-
tinued.
Previous trails are displayed and are continued.
Off Range switched to adjacent range scale
Trails are restarted.
Trails are restarted.

2. Choose Restart and press the ENTER key.
1.25.10 Trail length

Several preset trail lengths (times) are programmed for the TRAILS key for your convenience.
Standard trail times: 15 s, 30 s, 1 min, 3 min, 6 min, 15 min, 30 min, continuous

12H and 24 times: Long trail settings, continuous
If you prefer a different time you may set it as below.

2. Choose Target Trails and press the ENTER key.
3. Choose Length and press the ENTER key.
Normal
12H
24H
4. Choose Normal, 12H or 24H as appropriate and press the ENTER key.
Normal: Use times programmed for the TRAILS key.
12H: Continuous trail from 30 minutes to 12 hours, in increments of 30 minutes.
24H: Continuous trail from one hour to 24 hours, in increments of one hour.
For Normal, go to step 7. For 12H or 24H, go to the next step.
1-35
5. Choose Time and press the ENTER key.
12h:00m 12h:00m
(00h:30m-12h:00m) (01h:00m-24h:00m)
12 hour 24 hour
6. Roll the trackball upward or downward as appropriate to set time and press the ENTER key.
1.26 Parallel Index Lines

Parallel index lines are useful for keeping a constant distance between own ship and a coastline
or a partner ship when navigating. You may control the orientation and line interval.
Index
lines
Parallel index lines
1.26.1 Turning parallel index lines on or off

1. Press the MENU key to show the menu.
2. Choose Mark and press the ENTER key.
3. Choose Parallel Line and press the ENTER key.
Off
2
3
6
4. Choose the number of parallel index lines to show (2, 3 or 6) or choose Off to turn off the lines.
(The actual number of lines visible may be less depending on line interval.)
1.26.2 Adjusting parallel index line orientation and interval

1. Press the EBL key to activate the No. 2 EBL.
2. Roll the trackball to adjust the orientation of the lines.
3. Press the VRM key to activate the No. 2 VRM.
4. Roll the trackball to adjust the interval between lines.
1-36
1.26.3 Parallel index lines mode

You may choose the index line orientation against the No. 2 EBL (dashed line) for parallel or ver-
tical as follows:

3. Choose Parallel Line Mode and press the ENTER key.
Parallel
Vertical
4. Choose Parallel or Vertical as appropriate and press the ENTER key.
Vertical Parallel
1.27 Outputting Target Position, Inscribing Origin

Mark
The TLL key functions to both output cursor position to external equipment such as a navigation
plotter (where it is marked on its screen) and inscribe an asterisk (*) at cursor position on the radar.
Twenty marks may be inscribed on the screen. When you enter a 21st mark, the eldest mark is
erased to make room for the latest. To erase a mark, place the cursor on it and press the
CANCEL/HL OFF key.
1.27.1 TLL key mode

The TLL key can be preset to output target position, inscribe the origin mark or do both.

3. Choose TLL Key Mode and press the ENTER key.
TLL Output
Origin Mark
Both
4. Choose TLL Output, Origin Mark or Both as appropriate and press the ENTER key.
TLL Output: Cursor Lat/Lon output to plotter (heading bearing signal and position data
required)
Origin Mark: Origin mark is inscribed at cursor position.
Both: Origin mark is entered and that position is output to a navigator.
1-37
1.27.2 Origin mark mode

You may choose how the origin mark moves on the screen, from True (mark fixed against land-
mass) or Relative (marked fixed against own ship position). The True requires heading bearing
signal and position data.

3. Choose Origin Mark Mode and press the ENTER key.
Relative
True
4. Choose Relative or True as appropriate and press the ENTER key.
The asterisk mark is dashed in relative motion; solid in true motion.
1.28 Temporarily Hiding the Heading Line

The heading line indicates the ship's heading in all presentation modes. The heading line is a line
from the own ship position to the outer edge of the radar display area and appears at zero degrees
on the bearing scale in head-up mode; it changes the orientation depending on the ship orientation
in north-up and true motion modes and when course is changed in the course-up mode.
To temporarily hide the heading line (and any other marker present) to look at targets existing
dead ahead of own ship, press and hold down the CANCEL/HL OFF key. To re-display the
heading line, release the key.
1.29 Custom Setup

1.29.1 About custom setup
Every time your navigating environment or task changes, you must adjust the radar, which can be
a nuisance in a busy situation. Instead of changing radar settings case by case, it is possible to
assign the CUSTOM key to provide optimum settings for often encountered situations.
The radar's internal computer offers three default custom setups (see the table below). However,
you may customize these settings to meet your navigation needs, on the Custom 1, Custom 2 and
Custom 3 menus.
To enable a custom setup, press the CUSTOM key. Each press of the key enables Custom1,
Custom2 or Custom3 cyclically. (Custom setup numbers which are turned off will be skipped.) The
chosen custom setup name is shown at the top left corner. To escape from custom setup, operate
any control.
1-38
1.29.2 Description of custom setup items

Description of custom setup items
Menu item Available settings See para., page

Custom 1, 2 or 3 Turn respective custom program on/off.
Copy Copy settings from the Echo menu.
Name Choose name of custom setup among harbor, long, sea,
rain, buoy, and bird.
Gain Rough, Moderate, Calm: Automatic gain adjustment 1.10, 1-12
according to sea state.
Manual: Manual adjustment
Sea Rough, Moderate, Calm: Automatic sea clutter adjust- 1.11, 1-13
ment according to sea state.
Rain Rough, Moderate, Calm: Automatic rain clutter adjust- 1.12, 1-14
ment according to sea state.
Pulse length Short or Long, selectable on 1.5 and 3 nm ranges. 1.9, 1-11
Echo stretch Off, 1, 2, 3 1.23, 1-29
Echo average Off, 1, 2, 3 1.24, 1-30
Noise rejector Off, Low, Med, High 1.31, 1-42
Interference rejector Off, Low, Med, High 1.15, 1-18
Auto anti-clutter Off, On 1.13, 1-16
Display-dynamic Narrow: See small targets on distant ranges 1.36, 1-47
Normal: Normal use
Wide: Suppress unwanted reflections
Display-curve 1: Suppress unwanted reflections 1.37, 1-47
2: Normal use
3: See small targets on distant ranges
Antenna speed 24 rpm, 36 rpm, 48 rpm, Auto/Range 1.38, 1-48
1-39
1.29.3 Setting custom setups

2. Choose Custom 1, Custom 2 or Custom 3 as appropriate and press the ENTER key.
Menu Custom 1
Brill/Color Custom 1 :On
Display Copy
Echo Name :Harbor
Target Trails Gain :Moderate
Mark Sea :Calm
Custom 1 Rain :Calm
Custom 2 Pulse Length :Short
Custom 3 Echo Stretch :1
Tuning Echo Average :Off
GPS Buoy Noise Rejector :Off
Target Interference Rejector :Off
ARP Auto Anti Clutter :Off
AIS DIsplay-Dynamic :Normal
System [MENU]: Exit
3. Choose Name and press the ENTER key to display the options shown right.
4. Choose the name which best matches your desired objective and press the Harbor
ENTER key. Long
Sea
5. Set other menu items as appropriate. Rain
Note: For easy set up, you can copy the settings of the Echo menu (to Custom Buoy
1, Custom 2, Custom 3). Choose Copy and press the ENTER key. The message Bird
"Complete" appears upon completion of copying.
Sample custom setups
Menu item Application
Name Harbor Long Sea Rain Buoy Bird

Gain Moderate Rough Calm Calm Moderate Rough
Sea Calm Calm Moderate Moderate Calm Calm
Rain Calm Calm Moderate Moderate Calm Calm
Pulse length Short Long Short Short Short Long
Echo stretch Off 2 Off Off 1 2
Echo average Off 3 1 1 or 2 1 or 2 3
Noise rejector Off Low Off Off Off Low
Int. rejector High High High Medium Medium Medium
Auto anti-clutter Off Off On On Off Off
Display-dynamic Narrow Narrow Wide Wide Normal Narrow
Display-curve 2 2 2 2 2 2
Antenna speed 48 rpm 24 rpm 24 rpm 24 rpm 24 rpm 24 rpm
1-40
1.30 Programming Function Keys (F1 and F2 keys)

Many functions are provided in the menu. To avoid opening the menus to set up the radar for a
particular situation, you may program a function key, F1 and F2, to provide one-touch access to
a desired function.
Function key operation

To activate a function, simply press the appropriate function key, F1 or F2. Push the same function
key again to display appropriate option and press the ENTER key.
The default programs are F1, Echo Average, F2, Auto Anti Clutter.
Changing function key program

To change function key program, do the following:

2. Choose Display and press the ENTER key.
3. Choose Function 1 Setup or Function 2 Setup as appropriate and press the ENTER key.
4. Choose desired function from the list and press the ENTER key. Below are the functions avail-
able.
Range Rings Brill Antenna Speed GPS Buoy-Display

Echo Color 2nd Echo Rejector GPS Buoy-Symbol Color
Display Color Trails-Gradation GPS Buoy-History Dots
Background Color Trails-Color Vector Time
Echo Area Trails-Mode Vector Reference
Watchman Time Trails-Level History Dots
Data Box Trails-Length History Intervals
Zoom Mode Trails-Copy CPA
STBY Mode Display Trails-Restart TCPA
Auto Gain Trails-Narrow Proximity Alarm
Auto Sea Trails-Own Ship ARP-Display
Auto Rain Waypoint Mark Display ARP-Symbol Color
Tuning Mode Origin Mark Mode ARP-Auto Acquire
Pulse Length TLL Key Mode AIS-Display
Echo Stretch Parallel Line AIS-Symbol Color
Echo Average Parallel Line Mode AIS-Sort By
Noise Rejector EBL Reference GPS-Mode
Interference Rejector VRM Unit GPS-Datum
Auto Anti Clutter Cursor Position GPS-WAAS
Display-Dynamic Target Alarm 1 Mode
Display-Curve Target Alarm 2 Mode
Function list
1-41
1.31 Noise Rejector

White noise may show itself on the screen as random "speckles" spread over the entire display.
You can suppress this noise as follows:

2. Choose Echo and press the ENTER key.
3. Choose Noise Rejector and press the ENTER key.
Off
Low
Med
High
4. Choose Off, Low, Med or High as appropriate and press the ENTER key.
1.32 Suppressing Second-trace Echoes

In certain situations, echoes from very distance targets may appear as false echoes (second-trace
echoes) on the screen. This occurs when the return echo is received one transmission cycle later,
or after a next radar pulse has been transmitted.
Tx repetition
Second-trace
echo
False echo
range
Actual range
How 2nd trace echoes are produced

2. Choose Echo and press the ENTER key.
3. Choose 2nd Echo Rejector and press the ENTER key.
4. Choose On or Off as appropriate and press the ENTER key.
1-42
1.33 Watchman
The Watchman feature transmits for one minute at the elapse of the chosen time interval to help
you keep regular watch of the radar picture for safety or other purposes.
Tx ST-BY * Tx ST-BY *
1 min 5,10 or 20 min. 1 min. 5,10 or 20 min.
Watchman * Beep emitted just before radar transmits.

starts
How watchman works

In standby condition, the timer below the WATCH label at the upper right corner of the screen
counts down the time remaining until transmission. When the preset time interval has elapsed, the
audio alarm sounds, the timer disappears and the radar transmits for one minute. After one
minute, the watch alarm timer begins the countdown sequence again.
If you press the STBY/TX key before the preset time interval has elapsed, the radar goes into
standby.
Do the following to activate Watchman:

2. Choose DIsplay and press the ENTER key.
3. Choose Watchman and press the ENTER key.
Off
5 min
10 min
20 min
4. Choose Off or appropriate time (5, 10 or 20 min) and press the ENTER key.
1-43
1.34 Color Schemes

1.34.1 Preset color schemes
Preset color schemes are provided for optimum viewing in daytime, nighttime and twilight. Below
are the default color settings for each preset color scheme.
Display item, color scheme and color
DIsplay item Day Night Twilight User

Text Black Red Green Green
Range rings Green Red Green Green
Echo Yellow Green Green Yellow
Background White Black Blue Black

2. Choose Brill/Color and press the ENTER key.
3. Choose Display Color and press the ENTER key.
Day
Night
Twilight
User
4. Choose a color scheme and press the ENTER key.

1.34.2 User color scheme

The user color scheme lets you choose desired echo color and background color. The display
color must be set for “User” (see paragraph 1.34.1) to use user chosen echo and background
colors.

2. Choose Brill/Color and press the ENTER key.
3. Choose Echo Color and press the ENTER key.
Yellow
Green
Multi
4. Choose appropriate option and press the ENTER key. “Multi” displays echoes in colors of red,
yellow and green according to echo strength, and it is not available in the IEC mode.
5. Choose Background Color and press the ENTER key.
Black/Green
Black/Red
Blue/White
DK Blue/White
White/Green
6. Choose background color desired and press the ENTER key.

1-44
1.35 Navigation Data

1.35.1 Navigation data during standby
Navigation data is shown in standby when STBY Mode Display in the Initial Menu is set to “Nav”.
Appropriate sensors required to display data.
Cross-track
error Time until Tx in watchman
Heading (Displayed when watchman is active.)
XTE HEADING <WATCH> 19:59
Waypoint
←9.99nm 359.9° STBY Standby indication
Flashes if
vessel goes
outside display
bearing. Heading indicator
W NW NNW N NNE NE E Graphic appears even
Own ship marker if bearing signal is lost,
Fixed regardless however the compass
of ship's movement. point indications do not
appear.
SPEED COURSE
Speed 12.9 kts 359.9° Course
DATE TIME
Date 24/JAN/2006 23 : 59 : 59 Time
POSITION
LAT 90° 00.000 N
Position
LON 180° 00.000 E
DEPTH 40.3 (m) WIND 65.3 (kt) TEMP 18.3(°C)
30 (min) 20 10
0
45.0° (R)
N
30
20
20
40
10
60
0
80 (min)
30 20 10
Depth Wind speed Water

and direction temperature
Navigation data display at standby
1-45
Depth and water temperature graphs

These graphs display the latest 30 minutes of respective data. The horizontal axis scale is fixed
and data is plotted at intervals of 10 seconds. The vertical axis scale is adjusted automatically for
every 30 minutes of data. The unit of measurement may be chosen on the Initial sub menu in the
System menu.
Wind graph
WInd direction reference may be chosen (on the Initial sub menu) from True or Apparent.
Apparent wind is the direction (in relation to ship’s bow) and speed of the wind as it appears to
those on board, relative to the speed and direction of the boat; combination of the true wind and
the wind caused by the boat's movement. True wind is the speed and direction (in relation to
ship’s bow) of the wind felt or measured when stationary.
1.35.2 Navigation data at the bottom of the screen

Navigation data may be displayed at the bottom of the screen.
Range from own ship to waypoint

Bearing from own ship to waypoint
Time to go from own ship position to waypoint
OWN LAT: 34°56.123 N CURSOR LAT: 34°56.123 N WAY 14.80 NM TEMP 12.3°C
SHIP LON: 135°34.567 E LON: 135°34.567 E POINT 202.2°
SPEED 12.3 kt TTG: 01:00 TTG: 00:20 DEPTH 56.7 m
Own ship Cursor latitude position Water temperature,

position and Cursor longitude position Depth
speed Time to go to cursor position
Navigation data
To show navigation data at the bottom of the screen, do the following:

3. Choose Data Box and press the ENTER key.
Off
Nav
Target
All
4. Choose appropriate option and press the ENTER key.

Off: Turn data display off.
Nav: Navigation data
Target: ARP and AIS target data
All: Navigation data plus ARP and AIS target data
1-46
1.36 Dynamic Range

You may change the dynamic range to cope with sea conditions or get a better view at a certain
target.

3. Choose Display-Dynamic and press the ENTER key.
Narrow
Normal
Wide
4. Choose Narrow, Normal or Wide as appropriate and press the ENTER key.
Narrow: See small targets on distant ranges
Normal: Normal use
Wide: Suppress unwanted reflections
1.37 Characteristics Curve

The characteristics curve of this radar may be changed to cope with sea conditions or get a better
view at a certain target.

3. Choose Display-Curve and press the ENTER key.
1
2
3
4. Choose 1, 2 or 3 as appropriate and press the ENTER key.

1: Suppress unwanted reflections
2: Normal use
3: See small targets on distant ranges
3 2 1
Display echo
level
Input level
Display curve
1-47
1.38 Antenna Speed

The antenna speed may be changed to meet operating requirements. Choose a high speed when
cruising at high speed to ensure timely update of radar targets. Note that the speed cannot be
changed on the 24 rpm motor; it is fixed at 24 rpm.

3. Choose Antenna Speed and press the ENTER key.
24rpm
36rpm
48rpm
Auto/Range
4. Choose appropriate antenna speed.

The Auto/Range option automatically changes antenna rotation speed and pulselength
according to range in use. For details about the relationship among range, pulselength and
antenna rotation speed, see the table at the top of page SP-2.
1-48
1.39 Waypoint Marker

The waypoint marker shows the location of the destination waypoint set on a navigation plotter.
You can turn this mark on or off as follows:
0.5
3 NM
Waypoint
marker
+ 110.1°R 2.525 NM
Waypoint mark
3. Choose Waypoint Mark Display and press the ENTER key.
4. Choose On or Off as appropriate and press the ENTER key.
1-49
1.40 Alarm Message Display

When trouble occurs the radar generates audio and/or visual alarms (See Note on next page) to
alert you. The alarm message display shows all alarms currently violated. You may show this dis-
play as follows:

3. Choose Alarm Message and press the ENTER key.
Alarm Message
[SIGNAL MISSING] TRIGGER HEADING BEARING GYRO VIDEO POSITION NMEA-HEAD
[TARGET ALARM1] IN OUT [TARGET ALARM2] IN OUT
[ARP ALARM] COLLISION LOST TARGET-FULL PROXIMITY
[AIS ALARM] COLLISION PROXIMITY
[AIS SYSTEM] TX ANT CH1 CH2 CH70 FAIL MKD
EPFS L/L SOG COG HDG ROT
<PLEASE PUSH ANY KEY - - TO STOP ALARM AND CLOSE THIS WINDOW>
Alarm message display

To close the alarm message display, press any key.
List of alarm messages

Alarm category Alarm name
Signal missing
BEARING Bearing signal lost
GYRO AD-10 format gyro signal lost
HEADING Heading signal lost
NMEA-HEAD NMEA format heading signal lost
POSITION NMEA format position data lost
TRIGGER Trigger signal lost
VIDEO Video signal lost
Target alarm
IN An echo has entered a target alarm zone.
OUT An echo has exited a target alarm zone.
ARP alarm
COLLISION CPA and TCPA of an ARP target is less than CPA and TCPA alarm
settings.
LOST Acquired ARP target becomes lost.
PROXIMITY The range to an ARP target is less than the user-set proximity
alarm range.
1-50
Alarm category Alarm name
AIS alarm
COLLISION CPA and TCPA of an AIS target is less than CPA and TCPA alarm
settings.
PROXIMITY The range to an AIS target is less than the user-set proximity
alarm range.
AIS system
ANT Antenna VSWR trouble
CH1 TDM2 RX1 board trouble
CH2 TDM2 RX2 board trouble
CH70 X channel 70 trouble
COG Course data lost
FAIL System failure
EPFS Navigator (GPS, etc.) trouble
HDG Heading data lost
L/L Position data lost
MKD Minimum input device lost
ROT Rate of turn data lost
SOG Speed data lost
TX TX stopped or TX error
The system generates both audio and visual (alarm message) alarms or audio alarm
Note
alone in the following situations:
Audio and visual alarms: Signal missing and AIS system.
Audio alarm alone: Target alarm 1 and 2, ARP alarm, AIS alarm
1-51
1.41 Echo Area

The effective display area can be either ellipsis or square shaped.
Area in which echoes are displayed
Data Display Data Display

Ellipse Square

3. Choose Echo Area and press the ENTER key.
Ellipse
Square
4. Choose appropriate configuration and press the ENTER key.

1-52
1.42 Customizing (Initial Menu)

The Initial sub menu in the System menu contains items which allow you to customize your radar
to meet your operational needs.
1.42.1 Opening the Initial menu

2. Roll the trackball to choose System followed by Initial and press the ENTER key.
Menu Initial
Target Trails Key Beep : On
Mark Range Unit : nm
Custom 1 Alarm Level : Med
Custom 2 Shift Speed : 15 kt
Custom 3 STBY Mode Display : Normal
Tuning Bearing Source : True
GPS Buoy Range Preset
Target Ship Speed Unit : kt
ARP Depth Unit : ft
AIS Temperature Unit : °F
GPS Wind Direction : Apparent
System Wind Speed Unit : kt
Initial Port1 : Auto
Factory
Installation [ENTER]: Enter [CANCEL/HL OFF]: Back
[MENU]: Exit
Initial menu
1.42.2 Description of Initial sub menu

Key Beep: A beep sounds when a key are pressed. You may turn this beep on or off.
Range Unit: Range may be shown in nm, km or sm.
Alarm Level: The target alarm may be set to sound against weak, medium or strong echoes.
Shift Speed: Set the ship’s speed to use calculate amount of display shift. The setting range is 1-
99 (kts).
STBY Mode Display: Set the function of the radar in standby.
Normal: Display “STBY” at the screen center.

Nav: Display navigation data.
Economy: Extinguish the backlight of the LCD. The radar must be switched from TX to ST-BY
to activate this mode.
Bearing Source: Choose the type of bearing sensor connected to the radar; True (gyrocompass,
satellite compass) or Magnetic (magnetic compass).
1-53
Range Preset: You may choose the radar ranges you wish to use. Choose a range and press the
ENTER key to turn that range on or off alternately. At least two ranges must be turned on. The
maximum range available depends on radar model. Note that 0.125 is not available in kilometers.
0.125 On 0.125 On 0.125 On

0.25 On 0.25 On 0.25 On
0.5 On 0.5 On 0.5 On
0.75 On 0.75 On 0.75 On
1 Off 1 Off 1 Off
1.5 On 1.5 On 1.5 On
2 Off 2 Off 2 Off
3 On 3 On 3 On
4 Off 4 Off 4 Off
6 On 6 On 6 On
8 Off 8 Off 8 Off
12 On 12 On 12 On
16 Off 16 Off 16 Off
24 On 24 On 24 On
48 On 48 On 48 On
72 On 72 On 72 On
96* On 96 On 96* On
Exit? Yes Exit? Yes Exit? Yes
* FR-8252 only
nautical miles kilometers statute miles
Available ranges
Ship Speed Unit: The ship’s speed unit may be selected to knots (kts), kilometers/hour (km/h) or
miles per hour (mph).
Depth Unit: The depth unit is available in meters (m), feet (ft), fathoms (fa), passi/braza (p/b) or
Hiro (hr).
Temperature Unit: Temperature may be displayed in °C (Celsius) or °F (Fahrenheit).
Wind Direction: Wind direction may be shown as True or Apparent. For further details, see para-
graph 1.35.1.
Wind Speed Unit: Wind speed may be shown in knots (kts), kilometers per hour (km/h), miles per
hour (mph) or meters/second (m/s).
Port 1: Set the baud rate of the equipment connected to Port1. “Auto” provides automatic detec-
tion of baud rate, for external equipment’s whose baud rate is 4800 or 38400 (bps).
Port 2: Same function as Port1 but for Port2.
Through Output: Data input to port 1 may be output from port 2. Choose “On” to use this feature.
1-54
1.43 Sector Blank

It may be necessary to prevent transmission in a certain area to protect passengers and crew from
microwave radiation. For example, if the antenna unit is installed at a close distance in front of the
wheel house you would want to prevent transmission in that area. Two sectors can be set.

2. Choose Sector Blank 1 or Sector Blank 2 from the System menu and press the ENTER key.
Menu Sector Blank 1
Custom 1 Sector Status : Off

Custom 2 Sector Start : 0°
Custom 3 Sector Area : 0°
Tuning
GPS Buoy
Target
ARP
AIS
GPS
System
Initial
Factory
Installation
Sector Blank 1
Sector Blank 2 [ENTER]: Enter [CANCEL/HL OFF]: Back
[MENU]: Exit
3. Choose Sector Status and press the ENTER key.
Off
On
4. Choose On and press the ENTER key.

5. Choose Sector Start and press the ENTER key.
S
0°
T
(0° - 359°)
6. Roll the trackball upward or downward to set the starting point of the sector and press the
ENTER key.
7. Choose Sector Area and press the ENTER key.
S
0°
T
(0° - 180°)
1-55
8. Roll the trackball upward or downward to set the width of the sector and press the ENTER key.
Note: The combined width of sector 1 and sector 2 may not exceed 270 degrees.
As shown in the illustration below, dashed lines mark the starting and ending points of the
sector and two dashed arcs run the width of the sector.
Area of no
transmission
Start bearing
+ 96.8°R 0.338 NM
of area
Appearance of sector blank
1-56
1.44 GPS Buoy

With connection of a GPS radio buoy locator, GPS buoy position can be monitored on the radar
screen. One application of a GPS buoy is to tether it to a fishing net to monitor net position on the
radar screen. Up to five buoys may be shown.
+
01 GPS buoy no.
GPS buoy 02
GPS buoy's
track
+ 96.8°R 0.338 NM
GPS buoy symbols
1.44.1 Displaying GPS buoys

2. Choose GPS Buoy and press the ENTER key.
Menu GPS Buoy
Brill/Color Display :Off
Display Symbol Color :Green
Echo History Dots :Off
Target Trails All Cancel
Mark
Custom 1
Custom 2
Custom 3
Tuning
GPS Buoy
Target
ARP
AIS
System [MENU]: Exit
GPS buoy menu

3. Choose Display and press the ENTER key.
1-57
1.44.2 Choosing symbol color

3. Choose Symbol Color and press the ENTER key.
Green
Red
Blue
White
Black
4. Choose appropriate color and press the ENTER key.

1.44.3 History display

This radar can display time-spaced dots (maximum 20 dots) marking the past positions of any
GPS buoy being tracked. You can choose the number of dots to display as follows:

2. Choose Target and press the ENTER key.
3. Choose History Dots and press the ENTER key.
Off
5
10
20
4. Choose number of history dots to display (5, 10 or 20), or choose Off to turn off the history dis-
play.
1-58
1.44.4 Erasing GPS buoy symbols

When the screen becomes cluttered with GPS buoy symbols and their tracks you can erase them
individually or collectively as shown below. The symbols will be erased, however GPS buoys will
again be displayed whenever they are received by the GPS radio buoy locator.
Erasing individual GPS buoy symbols

Place the cursor on the GPS buoy symbol you wish to erase and press the HL OFF/CANCEL key.
Two beeps sounds and the symbol is erased.
Erasing all GPS buoys symbols

3. Choose All Cancel and press the ENTER key.
4. You are asked if you are sure to erase all buoy symbols. Choose Yes and press the ENTER
key. A beep sounds while the GPS buoys symbols are being erased.
Are you sure?

Yes
No
1-59
1.45 Remote Display

This radar may be used as a remote display by setting Input Source to Sub on the Installation
menu. When this is done, the menu and display change as described below. To display the radar
image on the remote display, transmit from the main radar.
Unavailable menu items

Menu items not available with the remote display
Menu Unavailable menu item(s)
DIsplay Watchman
Echo Pulse Length, Antenna Speed, 2nd Echo Rejector
Custom 1, 2, 3 Pulse Length, Antenna Speed
Tuning All menu items inoperative
System - Installation Tuning Initial Adjust, Auto Installation Setup, Total TX Time,
Manual MBS Adjust, Antenna Rotation
System - Sector Blank 1, 2 All menu items inoperative
Display appearance
The display changes as shown in the illustration below.
Pulse length
is not displayed. Shown when display Neither tuning indicator
unit functions as nor tuning bar is displayed.
remote display.
0.25
0.75 NM 359.9° M SUB
GAIN AUTO
OFFCENTER(M)
H UP SEA AUTO
HARBOR A/C AUTO RAIN AUTO
ES 1 EAV1
NR LOW 2ND ECHO
ZOOM
IR LOW is not displayed.
WATCH (incl. time

remaining) is not
displayed.
Display indications for remote display

Stand-by display modes
• The Total TX Time indication (TX TIME XXXXXX.XH) does not appear on the Normal stand-by
display.
• The “SUB” indication also appears on the Nav data stand-by display.
• The Nav data stand-by display shows the “SUB” indication but not the “WATCH” indication
(including time remaining).
1-60
Items unavailable with Function key F1, F2

• Watchman
• Tuning Mode
• Pulse Length
• Antenna Speed
• 2nd Echo Rejector
Total TX time indication

Total TX time (TX TIME XXXXXX.XH) does not appear on the diagnostic test or on the Normal
stand-by display.
1-61
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1-62
2. RADAR OBSERVATION
2.1 General
2.1.1 Minimum and maximum ranges
Minimum range
The minimum range is defined by the shortest distance at which, using a scale of 1.5 or 0.75 nm,
a target having an echoing area of 10 m2 is still shown separate from the point representing the
antenna position.
It is mainly dependent on the pulse length, antenna height, and signal processing such as main
bang suppression and digital quantization. It is a good practice to use a shorter range scale as far
as it gives favorable definition or clarity of picture. This series of radars satisfy the requirement of
IEC 62252 5.14.1 (Class A).
Maximum range
The maximum detecting range of the radar, Rmax, varies considerably depending on several fac-
tors such as the height of the antenna above the waterline, the height of the target above the sea,
the size, shape and material of the target, and the atmospheric conditions.
Under normal atmospheric conditions, the maximum range is equal to the radar horizon or a little
shorter. The radar horizon is longer than the optical one by about 6% because of the diffraction
property of the radar signal. The Rmax is given in the following equation.
R max = 2.2 x ( h1 + h2 )
where Rmax: radar horizon (nautical miles)

h1: antenna height (m)
h2: target height (m)
Radar horizon
Optical horizon
For example, if the height of the antenna above the waterline is 9 meters and the height of the
target is 16 meters, the maximum radar range is;
R max= 2.2 x ( 9 + 16 ) = 2.2 x (3 + 4) = 15.4 nm
It should be noted that the detection range is reduced by precipitation (which absorbs the radar
signal).
2-1
2.1.2 Radar resolution

There are two important factors in radar resolution (discrimination): bearing resolution and range
resolution.
Bearing resolution
Bearing resolution is the ability of the radar to display as separate pips the echoes received from
two targets which are at the same range and close together. It is proportional to the antenna length
and reciprocally proportional to the wavelength. The length of the antenna radiator should be
chosen for a bearing resolution better than 4.5 degrees (IEC 62252 Class A). This condition is nor-
mally satisfied with a radiator of 1.2 m (4 ft) or longer in the X-band.
Range resolution
Range resolution is the ability to display as separate pips the echoes received from two targets
which are on the same bearing and close to each other. This is determined by pulse length only.
Test targets for determining the range and bearing resolution are radar reflectors having an
echoing area of 10 m2.
2.1.3 Bearing accuracy

One of the most important features of the radar is how accurately the bearing of a target can be
measured. The accuracy of bearing measurement basically depends on the narrowness of the
radar beam. However, the bearing is usually taken relative to the ship's heading, and thus, proper
adjustment of the heading line at installation is an important factor in ensuring bearing accuracy.
To minimize error when measuring the bearing of a target, put the target echo at the extreme posi-
tion on the screen by selecting a suitable range.
2.1.4 Range measurement

Measurement of the range to a target is also a very important function of the radar. Generally,
there are two means of measuring range: the fixed range rings and the variable range marker
(VRM). The fixed range rings appear on the screen with a predetermined interval and provide a
rough estimate of the range to a target. The variable range marker's diameter is increased or
decreased so that the marker touches the inner edge of the target, allowing the operator to obtain
more accurate range measurements.
2-2
2.2 False Echoes

Occasionally echo signals appear on the screen at positions where there is no target or disappear
even if there are targets. They are, however, recognized if you understand the reason why they
are displayed. Typical false echoes are shown below.
2.2.1 Multiple echoes

Multiple echoes occur when a transmitted pulse returns from a solid object like a large ship, bridge,
or breakwater. A second, a third or more echoes may be observed on the display at double, triple
or other multiples of the actual range of the target as shown below. Multiple reflection echoes can
be reduced and often removed by decreasing the gain (sensitivity) or properly adjusting the A/C
SEA control.
True
echo
Target
Own ship
Multiple
echo
Multiple echoes
2.2.2 Sidelobe echoes

Every time the radar pulse is transmitted, some radiation escapes on each side of the beam,
called “sidelobes.” If a target exists where it can be detected by the sidelobes as well as the main
lobe, the side echoes may be represented on both sides of the true echo at the same range. Side
lobes show usually only on short ranges and from strong targets. They can be reduced through
careful reduction of the gain or proper adjustment of the A/C SEA control.
True target
Sidelobe
Sidelobe echoes
2-3
2.2.3 Virtual image

A relatively large target close to your ship may be represented at two positions on the screen. One
of them is the true echo directly reflected by the target and the other is a false echo which is
caused by the mirror effect of a large object on or close to your ship as shown in the figure below.
If your ship comes close to a large metal bridge, for example, such a false echo may temporarily
be seen on the screen.
Target ship
Own ship
True
echo
False
Mirror image echo
of target ship
Virtual image
2.2.4 Shadow sector

Funnels, stacks, masts, or derricks in the path of the antenna block the radar beam. If the angle
subtended at the antenna is more than a few degrees, a non-detecting sector may be produced.
Within this sector targets can not be detected.
Radar
antenna
Radar
mast
Shadow sector
Shadow sectors
2-4
2.3 SART (Search and Rescue Transponder)

2.3.1 SART description
A Search and Rescue Transponder (SART) may be triggered by any X-band (3 cm wavelength)
radar within a range of approximately 8 nm. Each radar pulse received causes it to transmit a
response which is swept repetitively across the complete radar frequency band. When interro-
gated, it first sweeps rapidly (0.4 µs) through the band before beginning a relatively slow sweep
(7.5 µs) through the band back to the starting frequency. This process is repeated for a total of
twelve complete cycles. At some point in each sweep, the SART frequency will match that of the
interrogating radar and be within the pass band of the radar receiver. If the SART is within range,
the frequency match during each of the 12 slow sweeps will produce a response on the radar dis-
play, thus a line of 12 dots equally spaced by about 0.64 nautical miles will be shown.
When the radar to the SART is reduced to about 1 nm, the radar display my show also the 12
responses generated during the fast sweeps. These additional dot responses, which also are
equally spaced by 0.64 nautical miles, will be interspersed with the original line of 12 dots. They
will appear slightly weaker and smaller than the original dots.
Screen A: When SART Screen B: When SART
is distant is close
Lines of 12 dots
are displayed in
concentric arcs.
Echo from SART Radar antenna
beamwidth
Echo from
24 NM 1.5 NM SART
Position of
SART
Own ship
position Own ship
position Position of
SART mark SART
length
9500 MHz Radar receiver
9200 MHz Sweep time bandwidth
7.5 μs
95 μs
Low speed sweep signal

Sweep start
High speed sweep signal
Appearance of SART echo
2-5
2.3.2 General remarks on receiving SART

SART range errors
When responses from only the 12 low frequency sweeps are visible (when the SART is at a range
greater than about 1 nm), the position at which the first dot is displayed may be as much as 0.64
nm beyond the true position of the SART. When the range closes so that the fast sweep responses
are seen also, the first of these will be no more than 150 meters beyond the true position.
Radar bandwidth
This is normally matched to the radar pulse length and is usually switched with the range scale
and the associated pulse length. Narrow bandwidths of 3-5 MHz are used with long pulses on long
range scales and wide bandwidths of 10-25 MHz with short pulses on short ranges.
A radar bandwidth of less than 5 MHz will attenuate the SART signal slightly, so it is preferable to
use a medium bandwidth to ensure optimum detection of the SART.
Radar side lobes

As the SART is approached, side lobes from the radar antenna may show the SART responses
as a series of arcs or concentric rings. These can be removed by the use of the anti-clutter sea
control although it may be operationally useful to observe the side lobes as they may be easier to
detect in clutter conditions and also they will confirm that the SART is near to own ship.
Note: SART information excerpted from IMO SN/Circ 197 OPERATION OF MARINE RADAR
FOR SART DETECTION.
2.4 RACON
A RACON is a radar beacon which emits radar receivable signals in the radar frequency spectrum
(X- or S-band). There are several signal formats; in general, the RACON signal appears on the
radar screen as a rectangular echo originating at a point just beyond the position of the radar
beacon. It has a Morse coded pattern. Note that the position on the radar display is not accurate.
RACON
RACON
2-6
3. ARP OPERATION
The Automatic Radar Plotter ARP-11 (option) manually or automatically acquires and tracks ten
targets. Once a target is acquired automatically or manually it is automatically tracked within 0.1
to 16 nm.
3.1 Usage Precautions
CAUTION CAUTION
No one navigational aid should be relied The plotting accuracy and response of
upon for the safety of vessel and crew. this auto plotter meets IMO standards.
The navigator has the responsibility to Tracking accuracy is affected by the
check all aids available to confirm following:
position. Electronic aids are not
a substitute for basic navigational • Tracking accuracy is affected by course
principles and common sense. change. One to two minutes is required to
restore vectors to full accuracy after an
• This auto plotter automatically tracks an abrupt course change. (The actual
automatically or manually acquired radar amount depends on gyrocompass
target and calculates its course and specifications.)
speed, indicating them by a vector. Since • The amount of tracking delay is inversely
the data generated by the auto plotter proportional to the relative speed of the
are based on what radar targets are target. Delay is on the order of 15-30
selected, the radar must always be seconds for high relative speed; 30-60
optimally tuned for use with the auto seconds for low relative speed.
plotter, to ensure required targets will not
be lost or unwanted targets such as sea Display accuracy is affected by the
returns and noise will not be acquired following:
and tracked.
• Echo intensity
• A target does not always mean a land- • Radar transmission pulsewidth
mass, reef, ships or other surface vessels • Radar bearing error
but can imply returns from sea surface • Gyrocompass error
and clutter. As the level of clutter changes • Course change (own ship or target)
with environment, the operator should
properly adjust the A/C SEA, A/C RAIN
and GAIN controls to be sure target
echoes are not eliminated from the
radar screen.
3-1
3. ARP OPERATION
3.2 Controls for Use with ARP

ENTER: Acquire cursor-selected target; displays data for tracked target (in the data box at the
bottom of the screen).
CANCEL/HL OFF: Remove data of cursor-selected tracked target from the data box; stops
tracking cursor-selected target (when its data is not displayed in the data box).
MENU: Access the Target and ARP menus for ARP operations.
Trackball: Choose target to acquire, cancel tracking or show target data.
3.3 ARP Display On/Off

You may turn off the ARP display as shown below.

2. Use the trackball to choose ARP and press the ENTER key.
Menu ARP
Brill/Color Display : Off
Display Symbol Color : Green
Echo Auto Acquire : Off
Target Trails All Cancel
Mark
Custom 1
Custom 2
Custom 3
Tuning
GPS Buoy
Target
ARP
AIS
GPS
System
[ENTER]: Enter [CANCEL/HL OFF]: Back
[MENU]: Exit
ARP menu
3. Use the trackball to choose Display and press the ENTER key.
Off
On

3-2
3. ARP OPERATION
3.4 Acquiring and Tracking Targets

Ten targets may be acquired and tracked manually and automatically. When you attempt to
acquire an 11th target, the message "ARP FULL - ALREADY TRACKING 10 TARGETS!" appears
for five seconds. To acquire another target, terminate tracking of an unnecessary target, as shown
in the paragraph 3.5.
3.4.1 Manual acquisition

When the automatic acquisition (AUTO ACQ. AREA) is set to on, up to five targets may be
acquired manually. If you attempt to acquire a sixth target, the alert message appears.
1. Place the cursor on the target to acquire.

2. Press the ENTER key twice.
The plot symbol changes over time as below. A vector appears about one minute after acquisition,
indicating the target's motion trend. The target number is the youngest empty number.
Vector
01 01 01 Target number
At acquisition 1 min. after 3 min. after
acquisition acquisition
ARP target mark
3.4.2 Automatic acquisition

The ARP can acquire up to ten targets automatically by setting an automatic acquisition area.
When automatic acquisition is selected after acquiring targets manually, only the remaining
capacity for targets may be automatically acquired. For example, if seven targets have been man-
ually acquired, three targets may be automatically acquired.
The automatic acquisition area is 2.0 to 2.5 miles in range and ±45° on either side of the heading
line in bearing. Targets being tracked in automatic acquisition are continuously tracked when
switching to manual acquisition.
Automatic acquisition area
45° port 45° starboard

2.0 - 2.5 nm
Automatic acquisition area

1. Press the MENU key to show the main menu.
2. Choose ARP and press the ENTER key
3. Choose Auto Acquire and press the ENTER key.
Off
On
3-3
3. ARP OPERATION
4. Choose On to enable automatic acquisition.

3.5 Terminating Tracking of ARP Targets

When ten targets have been acquired, no more acquisition occurs unless targets are cancelled. If
you need to acquire additional targets, you must first cancel one or more individual targets, or all
targets, using one of the procedures below.
3.5.1 Terminating tracking of selected targets

1. Place the cursor on the target to terminate tracking.
2. Press the CANCEL/HL OFF key to terminate tracking and erase the ARP symbol. A few
beeps sound and the symbol is erased from the display.
3.5.2 Terminating tracking of all targets

2. Choose ARP and press the ENTER key.
3. Choose All Cancel and press the ENTER key. The prompt shown below appears.
Are you sure?

Yes
No
4. Choose Yes and press the ENTER key to terminate tracking on all ARP targets.
3-4
3. ARP OPERATION
3.6 Vector Attributes

What is a vector?
A vector is a line extending from a tracked target which shows speed and course of the target. The
vector tip shows estimated position of the target after the selected vector time elapses. It can be
useful to extend the vector length (time) in order to evaluate the risk of collision with any target.
Vector
Vector
Vector time, vector reference
Vector time can be set to 30 seconds, 1, 3, 6, 15 or 30 minutes. You may reference the vectors to
North (True, requires heading and speed data) or ship's heading (relative) as desired.

Menu Target
Brill/Color Vector Time : 6min
Display Vector Reference : Relative
Echo History Dots :5
Target Trails History Intervals : 1min
Mark CPA : Off
Custom 1 TCPA : 1min
Custom 2 Proximity Alarm : Off
Custom 3
Tuning
GPS Buoy
Target
ARP
AIS
GPS
System
[MENU]: Exit
Target menu
3. Choose Vector Time and press the ENTER key.
30sec
4. Choose desired vector time and press the ENTER key.
1min
5. Choose Vector Reference and press the ENTER key. 3min
6. Choose Relative or True as appropriate and press the ENTER 6min
key. 15min
30min
Relative: Other ships move relative to own ship. This mode is
useful as an anti-collision aid. If a vessel is on a collision course Vector time choices
with own ship its vector will be pointing toward own ship position.
True: Own ship and other ships move at their true motions. This Relative
True
mode is useful for discriminating between moving and stationary
targets. Vector reference choices
The functions of the Target menu are commonly shared by ARP and AIS.
Note
3-5
3. ARP OPERATION
3.7 History Display (target past position)

This radar can display time-spaced dots (maximum ten dots) marking the past positions of any
ARP or AIS target being tracked. You can evaluate a target's actions by the spacing between dots.
Below are examples of dot spacing and target movement.
(a) Ship turning (b) Ship running (c) Ship reduced (d) Ship increased
straight speed speed
Target movement and history display

You may choose the number of history dots to display and the time interval to display them.

Off
5
10
4. Choose number of history dots to display (5 or 10) or choose Off to turn off the history display.
6. Choose History Intervals and press the ENTER key.
15sec
30sec
1min
2min
3min
6min
12min
7. Choose appropriate time interval and press the ENTER key.

3-6
3. ARP OPERATION
3.8 ARP Target Data

You can show target data (range, bearing, course, speed, CPA and TCPA) for two tracked ARP
targets, in the data box at the bottom of the screen. To display ARP target data, the ARP display
must be activated and the menu item Data Box in the Display menu must be set for Target or All.
1. Place the cursor on the ARP target for which you want to know its data.
2. Press the ENTER key to show the target’s data.
0.5
3 NM
(A)01
ARP target
selected for
data display
A(or B)
denotes data
box location.
+
02 ARP target
+ 110.1°R 2.525 NM
A B
Data box A Data box B
Data box (A or B)
Vector reference
Vector time
Target no.
A TRUE 5 min
No.01
Bearing, range, CPA BRG 236.5 °T RNG 1.850NM CPA 1.84NM
Course, speed, TCPA CSE 33.7 ° SPD 12.34kt TCPA 12:00
ARP target data

The target is enlarged and its target number is prefixed with (A) or (B) to show which data box its
data appears in. The box is automatically chosen on a first-in, first-out basis. For example, if both
data box A and data box B are currently showing data and target A was selected before target B,
the data in data box A will be erased and replaced with the data of the newly selected target.
To remove a target’s data from a data box, place the cursor on its target symbol and press the
CANCEL/HL OFF key.
3-7
3. ARP OPERATION
3.9 CPA/TCPA Alarm

When the predicted CPA of any ARP target or AIS target becomes smaller than the preset CPA
alarm range and its predicted TCPA less than the preset TCPA alarm limit, the audio alarm sounds
and the target plot symbol of the offending target changes to a triangle and flashes together with
its vector. You may silence the audio alarm with the CANCEL/HL OFF key. The flashing of the
triangle plot stops when the vessel’s CPA and TCPA are out of the CPA and TCPA alarm setting.
The ARP continuously monitors the predicted range at the Closest Point of Approach (CPA) and
predicted time to CPA (TCPA) of each track to own ship.
This feature helps alert you to targets which may be on a collision course with own ship. However,
it is important that GAIN, A/C SEA, A/C RAIN and other radar controls are properly adjusted and
the ARP is set up so that it can track targets effectively.
CAUTION
The CPA/TCPA alarm should never be
relied upon as the sole means for detect-
ing the risk of collision. The navigator is
not relieved of the responsibility to keep
visual lookout for avoiding collisions,
whether or not the radar or other plotting
aid is in use.

3. Choose CPA and press the ENTER key.
Off
0.5nm
1nm
2nm
3nm
5nm
6nm
4. Choose appropriate CPA distance and press the ENTER key.

5. Choose TCPA and press the ENTER key.
30sec
1min
2min
3min
4min
5min
6min
12min
6. Choose appropriate TCPA and press the ENTER key.

3-8
3. ARP OPERATION
3.10 Proximity Alarm

The proximity alarm alerts you when an ARP target (or AIS target) is within the range you specify,
by the audio alarm and flashing the offending target.

3. Choose Proximity Alarm and press the ENTER key.
Off
0.5nm
1nm
2nm
3nm
5nm
6nm
12nm
24nm
4. Choose appropriate range and press the ENTER key.

When an ARP target comes within the range set here its symbol becomes a flashing triangle
and the audio alarm sounds. Press the CANCEL/HL OFF key to silence the audio alarm. The
flashing continues until the target is no longer within the range set, the alarm range is changed
to exclude the offending target or the proximity alarm is disabled.
3.11 Lost Target

When the system detects a lost target, the audio alarm sounds, the target symbol becomes a
flashing diamond and tracking is discontinued after one minute.
01
Lost target mark
Canceling a lost target

Place the cursor on the target and press the CANCEL/HL OFF key. The audio alarm sounds and
the target symbol (and its data if displayed) is erased.
3-9
3. ARP OPERATION
3.12 Symbol Color

You may choose the ARP symbol color from among Green, Red, Blue, White or Black.

Green
Red
Blue
White
Black

3-10
4. AIS OPERATION
Connected to the FURUNO AIS Transponder FA-150, the FR-8xx2 series can show the name,
position and other nav data of the nearest 100 AIS transponder-equipped ships. (For connection
of other makes of AIS transponders, AIS Interface IF-1500AIS (option) is required.)
This radar accepts position data fixed by WGS-84 geodetic datum. Set the datum to WGS-84 on
the GPS navigator connected to this radar. If this radar is interfaced with the FURUNO GPS Nav-
igator GP-320B, see paragraph 5.2 for the procedure. Additionally, confirm that Mode on the GPS
menu is set to GPS or WAAS, referring to page 5-1. The AIS function is inoperative if the mode is
DGPS.
4.1 Controls for Use with AIS

ENTER: Press, after choosing target with the trackball, to display data for selected active AIS
target (in the data box at the bottom of the screen).
CANCEL/HL OFF: Remove data of cursor-selected AIS target from the data box.
MENU: Access the Target and AIS menus for AIS operations.
Trackball: Choose active target to display its data.
4.2 Turning the AIS Display On or Off

You may turn the AIS display on or off. The system continues processing AIS targets regardless
of whether the AIS display is on or off, provided the AIS transponder is turned on.

2. Choose AIS and press the ENTER key.
Menu AIS
Brill/Color Display : Off
Display Symbol Color : Green
Echo Range : 24.0nm
Target Trails Sector Start : 340°
Mark Sector End : 20°
Custom 1 Sort By : Range
Custom 2 Number of Targets : 30
Custom 3 ACK Lost Target
Tuning
GPS Buoy
Target
ARP
AIS
GPS
System
[MENU]: Exit
AIS menu
3. Choose DIsplay and press the ENTER key.
4. Choose Off (all AIS symbols are erased) or On (all AIS-received targets are displayed) as
appropriate and press the ENTER key.
4-1
4. AIS OPERATION
4.3 AIS Symbols

When the AIS is turned on, AIS targets are marked with appropriate AIS symbol as below.
Sleeping target Activated target Dangerous Lost target Target selected

target for data display
AIS symbols
AIS symbols are momentarily erased after the screen is redrawn when the heading
Note
is changed while using the head-up mode.
4.4 Activating, Sleeping Targets

When you convert a sleeping target to an activated target, that target's course and speed are
shown with a vector. You can easily judge target movement by monitoring the vector.
SOG (Speed Over Ground) and

COG (Course over Ground) vector
ROT
(Rate of Turn)
Heading line
(If there is no heading data,
the line points in direction of COG.)
Appearance of an activated target

To activate a target: Place the cursor on the target and press the ENTER key.
To sleep a target: Place the cursor on the target and press the CANCEL HL/OFF key.
4-2
4. AIS OPERATION
4.5 Displaying AIS Target Data

The data box at the bottom of the screen can show the data (MMSI No., ship name, bearing,
course, range, CPA and TCPA) for up to two AIS targets. (Set Data Box in the Display menu to
Target or All to show AIS target data.)
To show AIS target data, place the cursor on the activated target that you want to know its data
and press the ENTER key.
0.5
3 NM
+ AIS target selected for

(A) data display
000000026
(A or B: Data box location
9-digit no.: MMSI)
+ Cursor
+ 110.1°R 2.525 NM
A B
Data box A Data box B
Data box (A or B)
Vector reference MMSI of vessel
Vector time Name of
vessel
A TRUE 5 min MMSI: 000000026

NAME: PEGASUS
LENGTH: 100M BEAM: 45M Length, Beam
Bearing, range, CPA BRG 236.5 °T RNG 1.850NM CPA 1.84NM of vessel
Course, speed, TCPA CSE 33.7 ° SPD 12.34kt TCPA 12:00
AIS data
The AIS target chosen is marked with MMSI no. and the alphabet A or B, which corresponds to
the data box in which the target’s data appears. The box is automatically chosen on a first-in, last-
out basis. For example, if both data box A and data box B are currently showing data and target
A was selected before target B, the data in data box A will be erased and replaced with the data
of the newly selected AIS target.
To remove a target’s data from a data box, place the cursor on its target symbol and press the
CANCEL/HL OFF key.
4-3
4. AIS OPERATION
4.6 Display Range

You may set the AIS target display range as below to view only those AIS targets within the range
you specify. The setting range is 0.1-72 miles (96 miles for FR-8252) but actual range depends
on the AIS Transponder. If the target sorting method is selected to “Range,” the target data within
the range set here is transmitted to this radar.

3. Choose Range and press the ENTER key.
24nm
(0.1nm-96.0nm)
4. Use the trackball to set the display range and press the ENTER key.
4.7 Sorting Targets

You may sort the data of AIS targets received from the AIS transponder by range from own ship,
by sector, by CPA or TCPA.

3. Choose Sort By and press the ENTER key.
Range
Sector
CPA
TCPA
4. Use the trackball to choose desired sorting method and press the ENTER key.
Range: Sort targets within the display range set (see paragraph 4.6), from nearest to furthest.
Sector: Sort targets within the display sector set (see paragraph 4.8) and within 24 nm, from
nearest to furthest.
CPA: Sort by CPA, from closest to furthest.
TCPA: Sort by TCPA, from earliest time to latest time.
4-4
4. AIS OPERATION
4.8 Displaying Targets Within a Specific Sector

You may choose to display AIS targets only within a specific sector. If the target sorting method
is selected to “Range,” the target data within the sector set here is transmitted to this radar.

3. Choose Sector Start and press the ENTER key.
340°
(0°-359°)
4. Use the trackball to set the start point for the sector and press the ENTER key.
5. Choose Sector End and press the ENTER key.
20°
(0°-359°)
6. Use the trackball to set the end point for the sector and press the ENTER key.
4.9 Number of Targets to Display

You may choose the number of AIS targets to display, from 10-100. This feature is useful when
the screen becomes cluttered with AIS targets. Targets are selected and displayed according to
sort method. (See paragraph 4.7.)

3. Choose Number of Targets and press the ENTER key.
30
(0-100)
4. Use the trackball to choose the number of targets to display and press the ENTER key.
Press the MENU key to close the menu.
4-5
4. AIS OPERATION
4.10 Vector Attributes

What is a vector?
A vector is a line extending from a tracked target which shows course of the AIS target. The vector
tip shows estimated position of the target after the selected vector time elapses. It can be useful
to extend the vector length (time) in order to evaluate the risk of collision with any target. (See the
illustration on page 4-2 for the appearance of a vector.)
Vector time, vector reference

Vector time can be set to 30 seconds, 1, 3, 6, 15 or 30 minutes. Vectors may be displayed in True
or Relative motion.

Menu Target
Brill/Color Vector Time : 6min
Display Vector Reference : Relative
Echo History Dots :5
Target Trails History Intervals : 1min
Mark CPA : Off
Custom 1 TCPA : 1min
Custom 2 Proximity Alarm : Off
Custom 3
Tuning
GPS Buoy
Target
ARP
AIS
GPS
System
[MENU]: Exit
Target menu
3. Choose Vector Time and press the ENTER key.
4. Choose desired vector time and press the ENTER key. 30sec
1min
5. Choose Vector Reference and press the ENTER key.
3min
6. Choose Relative or True as appropriate and press the ENTER key. 6min
Relative: Other ships move relative to own ship. This mode is 15min
useful as an anti-collision aid. If a vessel is on a collision course 30min
with own ship its vector will be pointing toward own ship position. Vector time choices
True: Own ship and other ships move at their true motions. This
mode is useful for discriminating between moving and stationary Relative
targets. True
7. Press the MENU key to close the menu. Vector reference choices
4-6
4. AIS OPERATION
4.11 History Display (target past position)

This radar can display time-spaced dots (maximum ten dots) marking the past positions of any
AIS target being tracked. You can evaluate a target's actions by the spacing between dots. Below
are examples of dot spacing and target movement.
(a) Ship turning (b) Ship running (c) Ship reduced (d) Ship increased
straight speed speed
Target movement and history display

You may choose the number of history dots to display and the time interval to display them.

Off
5
10
4. Choose number of history dots to display (5 or 10) or choose Off to turn off the history display.
6. Choose History Intervals and press the ENTER key.
15sec
30sec
1min
2min
3min
6min
12min
7. Choose appropriate time interval and press the ENTER key.

4-7
4. AIS OPERATION
4.12 CPA/TCPA Alarm

When the predicted CPA of any AIS target or ARP target becomes smaller than the preset CPA
alarm range and its predicted TCPA less than the preset TCPA alarm limit, an audio alarm sounds
and the symbol of the offending AIS target changes to the dangerous target symbol.
Triangle is thicker
than that of active
target
Dangerous target symbol

You may silence the audio alarm with the CANCEL/HL OFF key. The flashing of the symbol stops
when the target’s CPA and TCPA become greater than the CPA and TCPA alarm setting. Pre-
dicted range at the Closest Point of Approach (CPA) and predicted time to CPA (TCPA) of each
AIS target are monitored.
This feature helps alert you to targets which may be on a collision course with own ship.

3. Choose CPA and press the ENTER key.
Off
0.5nm
1nm
2nm
3nm
5nm
6nm
4. Choose appropriate CPA distance and press the ENTER key.

5. Choose TCPA and press the ENTER key.
30sec
1min
2min
3min
4min
5min
6min
12min
6. Choose appropriate TCPA and press the ENTER key.

4-8
4. AIS OPERATION
4.13 Proximity Alarm

The proximity alarm alerts you when an AIS target (or ARP target) is within the range you specify,
by the audio alarm and flashing the offending target.

3. Choose Proximity Alarm and press the ENTER key.
Off
0.5nm
1nm
2nm
3nm
5nm
6nm
12nm
24nm
4. Choose appropriate range and press the ENTER key.

When an AIS target comes within the range set here its symbol flashes and the audio alarm
sounds. Press the CANCEL/HL OFF key to silence the audio alarm. The flashing continues
until the target is no longer within the range set, the alarm range is changed to exclude the
offending target or the proximity alarm is disabled.
4-9
4. AIS OPERATION
4.14 Lost Target

When AIS data is not received from a target at prescribed interval (3-5* report intervals), the audio
alarm sounds and the target symbol (flashing) appears as below.
Lost target symbol

* The interval at which AIS data is sent depends on speed of AIS transponder equipped vessel,
and it is shown in the table below. For further details, consult the operator’s manual for the AIS
transponder.
Ship speed and reporting interval
Ship speed Reporting interval

0-14 kts Every 10 seconds
23 kts or higher Every two seconds
4.14.1 Removing all lost AIS targets from the display

All lost AIS targets may be removed from the display as follows:

3. Choose ACK Lost Target and press the ENTER key. The confirmation window appears.
Are you sure?

Yes
No
4. Choose Yes and press the ENTER key.

4.15 Symbol Color

You may choose the AIS symbol color from among Green, Red (not available with IEC specifica-
tion), Blue, White or Black.

Green
Red
Blue
White
Black

4-10
5. GPS OPERATION
If you are using the FURUNO GPS Navigator GP-320B, you may set it up from this radar.
5.1 Navigator Type

2. Choose GPS and press the ENTER key.
Menu GPS
Brill/Color Type : WAAS
Display Datum : WGS-84
Echo Datum Number : 001
Target Trails WAAS : Auto
Mark WAAS Number : 120
Custom 1 GPS Self Test
Custom 2 Satellite Monitor
Type 16 Message
Custom 3 Forward Offset :0
Tuning Right Offset :0
GPS Buoy Cold Start
Target
ARP
AIS
GPS
System
[MENU]: Exit
GPS menu
3. Choose Type and press the ENTER key.
GPS
WAAS
DGPS
4. Choose type of navigator connected to this radar and press the ENTER key. Note that GPS or
WAAS should be selected if this radar is interfaced with an AIS Transponder. The AIS Tran-
sponder will be inoperative if DPGS is selected.
GPS: GPS Navigator GP-320B connected
WAAS: GPS Navigator GP-320B connected
DGPS: DPGS Beacon Receiver GR-80 connected.
5-1
5. GPS OPERATION
5.2 Datum
Choose the datum type which matches the paper nautical charts you are using. Choose WGS-84
if the radar is connected to an AIS Transponder.

3. Choose Datum and press the ENTER key.
WGS-84
Tokyo
Other
4. Choose appropriate datum type and press the ENTER key. For Other, do steps 5 and 6. For
other choices, go to step 7.
5. Choose Datum Number and press the ENTER key.
001
6. Use the trackball to choose datum number and press the ENTER key. (The setting range is
001-192 and 201-254.)
5.3 WAAS Setup

Geostationary satellites, the type used with WAAS, provide more accurate position data when
compared to GPS or DGPS. These satellites may be tracked automatically or manually. Auto
tracking automatically searches for the best geostationary satellite based on your current position.

3. Choose WAAS and press the ENTER key.
Auto
Manual
4. Choose Auto or Manual as appropriate and press the ENTER key. For Manual, do steps 5 and
6. For Auto, go to step 7.
5. Choose WAAS Number and press the ENTER key.
120
6. Use the trackball to choose appropriate WAAS satellite number and press the ENTER key.
5-2
5. GPS OPERATION
5.4 Satellite Monitor

The Satellite Monitor provides comprehensive information about GPS and WAAS satellites. For
more detailed information, see your GPS navigator’s owner’s manual.

3. Choose Satellite Monitor and press the ENTER key.
DOP (Dilution of Precision, 0-99.0)
SNR of tracked GPS satellites

North
Satellites whose SNR is above
marker
40 are used to fix position.
GPS mode
2D, 3D, D2D
D3D, W2D Satellite Monitor
Satellite No SNR
W3D, DOP D3D DOP 30 40 50
N 1.5
GPS satellite GPS 01
01
no. 31
24
12
13
13 12
01 18
WAAS W 06 19
satellite*
06
07 19
Satellites in ring 09 07
have elevation 18 09
angle of 5° 16 24
Altitude 08
Satellites in ring 85m
have elevation 16
angle of 45° DGPS Status 13
OK or NG (No Good) displayed Station Health OK

WAAS 122
OK or NG (No Good) displayed DGPS Data OK
0-99 db, higher the better Signal Strength 10dB
0-99 db, higher the better Signal SNR 11dB
[MENU]: Close MENU [ENTER]: Close this window
* Satellites used to fix WAAS satellite

position are shown in red. Altitude of
GPS antena
from sea
surface
Satellite monitor
To close only the satellite monitor display, press the ENTER key.
5-3
5. GPS OPERATION
5.5 Weather Information

This radar can receive weather information from a japanese DPGS reference station if it is inter-
faced with a DGPS beacon receiver (FURUNO GR-80, etc.) and your vessel is within the broad-
casting range of a japanese DGPS reference station.
The figure below shows an example of a weather information broadcast. This information is trans-
mitted every five minutes, and two reports are provided for each observation point.
This feature is valid only with japanese DGPS reference stations. No display or garbled characters
appear if it is used elsewhere.

3. Choose Type 16 Message and press the ENTER key. (If no messages are present you cannot
choose this menu item.)
Time
Wind direction
and speed
(16 compass pts.)
Atmospheric
pressure (0-9999 hPa)
Wave height
(0-99 m)
Type 16 Message
Name of DGPS Point Name Time Wind Pressure Wave

reference station Direction/Speed
Murotasaki 13:25 ENE 5m 1015hPa 10m
13:55 NE 10m 1016hPa 13m
Kobe 13:50 N 5m 1017hPa 9m

13:55 NW 10m 1017hPa 10m
Osakako 13:45 NW 5m 1015hPa 11m

Latest six 13:15 N 10m 1017hPa 10m
messages
Oseki 13:35 SSW 5m 1013hPa 8m
13:05 S 10m 1015hPa 9m
Tomgashima 13:30 NW 5m 1015hPa 5m
13:00 W 10m 1016hPa 10m
Shinomisaki 13:30 NW 5m 1015hPa 5m
13:00 W 10m 1016hPa 10m
[MENU]: Close MENU [ENTER]: Close this window
Type 16 message
Weather messages from as many as six DPGS reference stations are shown and the latest is
at the top.The oldest message is erased when a new message arrives.
4. To close only the message board, press the ENTER key.
5-4
5. GPS OPERATION
5.6 GPS Sensor Installation Position Offset

The installation position of the GPS sensor antenna and the radar antenna must be the same in
order to get accurate position information on the radar. If they are different, measure the distance
from the radar antenna to the GPS antenna and enter that data in the menu as follows:

3. Choose Forward Offset (bow or stern offset) or Right Offset (port or starboard offset), the direc-
tion of the offset, and press the ENTER key.
+ 0m
(-999m-+999m)
4. Measure the distance from the radar antenna to the GPS sensor antenna and use the trackball
to set value.
“+” value: For bow direction or port direction
“-” value: For stern direction or starboard direction
5. Press the ENTER key
5-5
5. GPS OPERATION
5.7 Cold Start

Cold start, which clears the Almanac from the GPS receiver, may be necessary in the following
conditions:
• If the GPS receiver has been powered off for a long period of time.
• The vessel has moved far away from the previous fixing position (e.g., more than 500 km).
• Other reason that prevents the receiver from finding its position within five minutes after power
on.
To perform cold start, do the following:

3. Choose Cold Start and press the ENTER key.
Are you sure?

Yes
No
4. Choose Yes and press the ENTER key. (To stop cold start, press CANCEL/HL OFF key instead
of the ENTER key.
5-6
6. MAINTENANCE &
TROUBLESHOOTING
This chapter provides the necessary procedures for maintenance and troubleshooting. Follow the
recommended procedures to keep your radar in good working order.
WARNING
Do not open the equipment.
Hazardous voltage which can

cause electrical shock exists
inside the equipment. Only
qualified personnel should
work inside the equipment.
Turn off the radar power

switch before servicing the
antenna unit. Post a warn-
ing sign near the switch
indicating it should not be
turned on while the antenna
unit is being serviced.
Prevent the potential risk of

being struck by the rotating
antenna and exposure to
RF radiation hazard.
Wear a safety belt and hard

hat when working on the
antenna unit.
Serious injury or death can

result if someone falls from
the radar antenna mast.
NOTICE
Do not apply paint, anti-corrosive
sealant or contact spray to coating
or plastic parts of the equipment.
Those items contain organic solvents

that can damage coating and plastic
parts, especially plastic connectors.
6-1
6. MAINTENANCE & TROUBLESHOOTING
6.1 Preventive Maintenance

Regular maintenance is important for optimum performance. A maintenance program should be
established and should at least include the items shown in the table below.
Maintenance
Interval Item Check point Remedy
When LCD The LCD will, in time, Wipe the LCD carefully to prevent
necessary accumulate a coating of scratching, using tissue paper and an
dust which tends to dim LCD cleaner. To remove dirt or salt
the picture. deposits, use an LCD cleaner, wiping
slowly with tissue paper so as to dissolve
the dirt or salt. Change paper frequently
so the salt or dirt will not scratch the
LCD. Do not use solvents such as
thinner, acetone or benzene for
cleaning. Also, do not use degreaser or
antifog solution, as they can strip the
coating from the LCD.
3 to 6 Ground terminal Check for tight Tighten or replace as necessary.
months on display unit connection and rust.
Display unit Check for tight Tighten if loosened.
connectors connection.
Exposed nuts Check for corroded or Clean and repaint as necessary. Sealing
and bolts on loosened bolts. compound may be used in place of paint.
antenna unit
Antenna Check for dirt and cracks Clean radiator surface with freshwater-
radiator on radiator moistened cloth. Do not use plastic sol-
surface. vents for cleaning.
6-2
6.2 Fuse Replacement

A fuse is in the fuse holder on the power cable and inside the power supply unit, and they protect
the equipment from reverse polarity of the ship's mains and equipment fault. If a fuse blows, find
out the cause before replacing it. Use the correct fuse. Using the wrong fuse will damage the
equipment and void the warranty.
WARNING
Use the proper fuse.
Use of a wrong fuse can result in damage

to the equipment or cause fire.
Unit and fuses
Unit Type Code No. Remarks
Display unit FGBO 15A AC125V 000-549-014 12 VDC

(fitted on power
FGBO 10A AC125V 000-549-065 24 VDC
cable)
Power supply unit FGBO 15A AC125V 000-549-014 12 VDC
(for FR-8252)
FGBO 7A AC125V 000-549-013 24 VDC
6.3 Magnetron Life

When the magnetron (generates microwaves) has expired, distant targets cannot be seen on the
display. When you feel that long range performance has decreased, contact a FURUNO agent or
dealer about replacement of the magnetron.
Model and magnetron
Model Magnetron type Code no. Estimated life
FR-8062 MAF1422B 000-146-871 Approx. 3,000 hours

000-158-788-10
FR-8122 MAF1565N 000-174-559-10
FR-8252 M1458F 000-158-780-10 Approx. 2,000 hours
6.4 LCD Backlight Life

The life of the LCD backlight, which provides illumination for the LCD, is approximately 4,300
hours. The display brilliance cannot be raised when the backlight has worn out. Have a qualified
technician replace the backlight when brilliance cannot be raised.
Part Type Code No.
Lamp holder complete set 121LHS18 000-158-827-10
6-3
6.5 Trackball Maintenance

If the cursor skips or moves abnormally, you may need to clean the trackball.
1. Turn the retainer ring counterclockwise 45° to unlock it.

2. Remove the retainer ring and ball.
3. Clean the ball with a soft lint-free cloth, and blow carefully into the ball-cage to dislodge dust
and lint.
4. Look for a build-up of dirt on the metal rollers. If dirty, clean the rollers with a cotton swab moist-
ened lightly with isopropyl-rubbing alcohol.
5. Make sure that fluff from the swab is not left on the rollers.
6. Replace the ball and retainer ring. Be sure the retainer ring is not inserted reversely.
BRILL
GAIN
STBY
TX
PUSH AUTO/MAN
A/C SEA
MODE
PUSH AUTO/MAN
CUSTOM
A/C RAIN
+ PUSH AUTO/MAN
F1
RANGE
- F2
OFF
ZOOM CENTER
TARGET TRAILS
ALARM
EBL VRM
MENU TLL
CANCEL
ENTER
HL OFF
Trackball
Retainer ring
Display unit
Trackball maintenance parts are available as below.
Part Type Code No.
Retainer ring and ball MU3721 000-144-645
6-4
6.6 Simple Troubleshooting

This section provides simple troubleshooting procedures which the user can follow to restore
normal operation. If you cannot restore normal operation do not attempt to check inside the unit.
Any trouble should be referred to a qualified technician.
Simple troubleshooting
If... But... Then...
you cannot turn on • check for blown fuse.

the power • check that the power connector is firmly
fastened.
• check for corrosion on the power cable
connector.
• check for damaged power cable.
• check battery for proper voltage output
(10.8-31.2 V).
there is no response turn off and on the power. If there still is no
when a key is response the key may be faulty. Contact your
pressed dealer for advice.
the power is on and no echo appears check that the antenna cable is firmly fastened.
you operated the
STBY/TX key to
transmit and marks
and legends appear
tuning is properly sensitivity is poor the magnetron may need to be replaced.
adjusted Contact your dealer.
the range is changed but radar picture does not • try to hit the RANGE key again.
change • turn the display unit off and on.
poor discrimination try to adjust A/C SEA control.
in range
the true motion • Poor contact of MODE • try to press the key a little harder.
presentation is not key.
working properly • TM display is inaccurate • check if heading and speed are input and
accurate.
the range rings are check that the setting of Range Rings Brill in the
not displayed Brill/Color sub menu is set to other than Off.
target not tracked Poor definition of targets in adjust A/C SEA and A/C RAIN controls.
correctly sea clutter
6-5
6.7 Advanced-level Troubleshooting

This paragraph describes how to cure hardware and software troubles which should be carried
out by qualified service personnel.
This radar equipment contains complex modules in which fault diagnosis and repair
Note
down to component level are not practical by users.
Advanced-level troubleshooting
Probable cause or
Problem Remedy
check points
Power cannot be 1) Blown fuse. 1) Replace blown fuse.

turned on 2) Mains voltage/polarity 2) Correct wiring and input voltage.
3) Power supply board 3) Replace power supply board.
Brilliance adjusted 1) SPU Board 1) Replace SPU board.
but no picture
Antenna not rotating 1) Antenna drive mechanism 1) Replace antenna drive mechanism.
Data and marks not 1) SPU board 1) Replace SPU board.
displayed in Transmit
status
Adjust GAIN with A/C 1) Signal cable between 1) Check continuity and isolation of coaxial
SEA set at minimum. antenna and display unit cable.
Marks and indications 2) IF amplifier 2) Replace IF amplifier.
appear but no noise 3) Video amplifier board 3) Check coax line for secure connection. If
or echo connection is good, replace SPU board.
Marks, indications 1) Magnetron 1) Check magnetron current.

and noise appear but 2) Modulator board 2) Replace modulator board.
no echo (Transmis- 3) SPU board 3) Replace SPU board.
sion leak repre-
senting own ship
position is absent)
Picture not updated 1) Bearing signal generator 1) Check that signal cables are fastened
or picture freeze-up securely.
2) SPU board 2) Replace SPU board.
3) Video freeze-up 3) Turn the radar off and on.
Radar is properly 1) 2nd trace echo rejector is 1) Turn off the 2nd-trace echo rejector, from
tuned but sensitivity is ON. the Echo menu.
poor 2) Dirt on radiator face 2) Clean radiator.
3) Deteriorated magnetron 3) With the radar transmitting on 48 nm
range, check magnetron current. If cur-
rent is below normal, magnetron may be
defective. Replace the magnetron.
4) Detuned MIC 4) Check MIC detecting current. If it is below
normal value, MIC may have become
detuned.
Range changed but 1) Defective range key 1) Try to operate the RANGE key. If unsuc-
radar picture does not cessful, replacement of the keypad may
change be necessary.
2) SPU board 2) Replace SPU board.
3) Video freeze-up 3) Turn radar off and on.
6-6
Advanced-level troubleshooting
Probable cause or
Problem Remedy
check points
Interference rejector 1) SPU Board 1) Replace SPU Board.

is not working (inter-
ference rejection
level not displayed)
Echo stretch is not 1) SPU Board 1) Replace SPU Board.
working (Neither
ES1, ES2 or ES3 is
displayed)
Range rings are not 1) Adjust their brilliance on the 1) Replace associated circuit board if unsuc-
displayed Brill/Color menu. cessful.
2) SPU Board 2) Replace SPU Board.
6-7
6.8 Diagnostic Test

The diagnostic test checks the system for proper operation. It is primarily intended for use by ser-
vice technicians, however the user may execute it to provide the service technician with informa-
tion.

2. Use the trackball to choose Factory from the System menu and press the ENTER key.
Menu Factory
Target Trails Test
Mark LCD Pattern
Custom 1
Custom 2
Custom 3
Tuning
GPS Buoy
Target
ARP
AIS
GPS
System
Initial
Factory
Installation [ENTER]: Enter [CANCEL/HL OFF]: Back
[MENU]: Exit
Factory menu
3. Use the trackball to choose Test and press the ENTER key.
6-8
ROM : OK
RAM : OK
NMEA1 :--
NMEA2 :--
RS-232C :-- 000
PROGRAM NUMBER : 0359226-XX.XX
FPGA VERSION : 㪇㪊㪌㪐㪉㪉㪐㪄㪯㪯㪅㪯㪯
HEADING : OK GYRO (AD-10) 245.2° 000
BEARING : OK
TUNE VOLTAGE : 10.1 V
INDICATOR VOLTAGE : 4.2 V 000
ANTENNA ROTATION : 48.1 rpm
MOTOR VOLTAGE : 23.4 V
ECHO LEVEL : -40 dBm
TRIGGER FREQUENCY : 2100 Hz
TOTAL ON TIME : 123456.7 h

TOTAL TX TIME : 987654.3 h
INPUT NMEA
BWC: GPBWC, 151130. 00, 3448. 50, N, 13510. 30, E, 40. 0, T, 47. 2, M, 3. 05, N, , A*7F
BWR:
DBT:
DPT:
GGA:
GLL:
GNS:
+000
HDG:
HDM:
HDT:
MTW: +000
MWV:
RMB:
RMC:
VHW:
VTG:
VWT:
VWR:
XTE:
ZDA:
ARP-11 PROGRAM NUMBER: 1859127XXX

ARP-11 : OK <REMOTE CONTROLLER>
[MENU] x 3: Exit [F1]: Alarm Test
DIagnostics screen
• At the top of the screen the results of the ROM, RAM and data ports NMEA1, NMEA2
and RS232C are displayed as OK or NG (No Good). For any NG contact your dealer for
advice. (Ports NMEA1, NMEA2 and RS-232C require a special test connector in order
to test them. “- -” is shown when no test connector is connected.) PROGRAM NUMBER
and FPGA VERSION show respective program number and program version number
(XXXX).
• Heading and bearing signals are checked for proper input and the result displayed as
OK or NG. Tune and indicator voltages, antenna rotation speed, antenna motor voltage,
echo level and trigger frequency are measured and shown. TOTAL ON TIME and
TOTAL TX TIME show the total number of hours the radar has been powered and trans-
mitted, respectively.
• The INPUT NMEA window shows all the NMEA sentences being input to this radar. Sen-
tences are updated every second.
6-9
• If the optional ARP board is installed, its program number and test results (OK or NG)
are shown below the INPUT NMEA window. “--” shown with no ARP board. The radar
must be transmitting in order to test ARP function.
• The lamp to the left of the POWER/BRILL key and the panel backlight flash if the panel
backlight is working properly.
4. At the right side of the display there are squares, circles and ovals, and they are for checking
the controls of the display unit and remote controller.
Key check: Press each key one by one. The key’s on-screen location fills in green if the key is
functioning normally and returns to background color when the key is released. The F1 key
tests the buzzer. Press it again to silence the buzzer.
Control check: The three digits below the on-screen location for the GAIN, A/C SEA and A/C
RAIN controls show control position, and the range of indication is 0-255.
Trackball check: The three digits below the trackball’s on-screen location show the trackball’s
X-Y position, and the range of indication is -127 to +127.
5. Press the MENU key three times on the display unit or remote controller to escape from the
test.
6.9 LCD Test

The LCD pattern test checks the LCD for proper display of colors.

2. Use the trackball to choose Factory from the System menu and press the ENTER key.
3. Use the trackball to choose LCD Pattern and press the ENTER key. The screen is initially all
red. Hit the MENU key to change the color of the display, in the following sequence.
BLUE WHITE BLACK 7 tones

RED MENU GREEN MENU MENU MENU MENU
of gray
key key key key key
LCD test screens

4. Press the MENU key several times to close the menu.
• You may cancel the test at anytime by pressing the CANCEL/HL OFF key.
• You may adjust screen brilliance during the test with the brilliance control.
6.10 GPS Test

The FURUNO GPS receiver interfaced with this radar can be checked for proper operation as
follows:

2. Use the trackball to choose GPS and press the ENTER key.
3. Use the trackball to choose GPS Self Test and press the
ENTER key. The program no. and results of the test are GPS Self Test
shown, as OK or NG (No Good). For NG, check the GPS
receiver. Program No. : 48502380XX
Result : OK
XX = Program version no.
6-10
APPENDIX
MENU key
Brill/Color Range Ring Brill (Off, Low, Med, High)

Echo Color (Yellow, Green, Multi)
Display Color (Day, Night, Twilight, User)
Background Color (Black/Green, Black/Red, Blue/White, DK Blue/White, White/Green)
Display Alarm Message

Echo Area (Ellipse, Square)
Watchman (Off, 5min, 10min, 20min)
Data Box (Off, Nav, Target, All)
Zoom Mode (Relative, True, Target)
Function 1 Setup (See the list below; default setting is "Echo Average")
Function 2 Setup (Same choices as above; default setting is "Auto Anti Clutter")
Echo Auto Gain (Rough, Moderate, Calm)

Auto Sea (Rough, Moderate, Calm)
Auto Rain (Rough, Moderate, Calm)
Pulse Length (Short, Long)
Echo Stretch (Off, 1, 2, 3)
Echo Average (Off, 1, 2, 3)
Noise Rejector (Off, Low, Med, High)
Interference Rejector (Off, Low, Med, High)
Auto Anti Clutter (Off, On)
Display-Dynamic (Narrow, Normal, Wide)
Display-Curve (1, 2, 3)
Antenna Speed (24rpm, 36rpm, 48rpm, Auto/Range)
2nd Echo Rejector (Off, On)
Target Gradation (Single, Multi)

Trails Color (Green, Red, Blue, White, Black)
Mode (Relative, True)
Level (1, 2, 3)
Length (Normal, 12H, 24H)
Time (12h, 00h:30m - 12h:00m; 24H, 01h00m - 24h:00m)
Copy (Off, On)
Restart (Off, On)
Narrow (Off, On)
Own Ship (Off, On)
All Cancel
(Continued on next page)
Choices for Function 1 Setup, Function 2 Setup
Range Rings Brill Echo Stretch Trails-Copy GPS Buoy-Display AIS-Display

Echo Color Echo Average Trails-Restart GPS Buoy-Symbol Color AIS-Symbol Color
Display Color Noise Rejector Trails-Narrow GPS Buoy-History Dots AIS-Sort By
Background Color Interference Rejector Trails-Own Ship Vector Time GPS-Mode
Echo Area Auto Anti Clutter Waypoint Mark Display Vector Reference GPS-Datum
Watchman Time Display-Dynamic Origin Mark Mode History Dots GPS-WAAS
Data Box Display-Curve TLL Key Mode History Intervals
Zoom Mode Antenna Speed Parallel Line CPA
STBY Mode Display 2nd Echo Rejector Parallel Line Mode TCPA
Auto Gain Trails-Gradation EBL Reference Proximity Alarm
Auto Sea Trails-Color VRM Unit ARP-Display
Auto Rain Trails-Mode Cursor Position ARP-Symbol Color
Tuning Mode Trails-Level Target Alarm 1 Mode ARP-Auto Acquire
Pulse Length Trails-Length Target Alarm 2 Mode
A-1
APPENDIX
(Continued from previous page)
Mark Waypoint Mark Display (Off, On)

Origin Mark Mode (Relative, True)
TLL Key Mode (TLL Output, Origin Mark, Both)
Parallel Line (Off, 2, 3, 6)
Parallel Line Mode (Parallel, Vertical)
EBL Reference (Relative, True)
VRM Unit (nm, km, sm, kyd, *nm & yd) * nm for distance 0.1 nm or greater;
Cursor Position (Rng/Brg, Lat/Lon) yd for distance less than 0.1 nm.
Target Alarm1 Mode (In, Out)
Target Alarm2 Mode (In, Out)
Custom 1 Custom 1 (Off, On)

Copy
Name (Harbor, Long, Sea, Rain, Buoy, Bird)
Gain (Manual, Rough, Moderate, Calm)
Sea (Manual, Rough, Moderate, Calm)
Rain (Manual, Rough, Moderate, Calm)

Copy
A-2
APPENDIX

Save
Tuning Tuning Mode (Auto, Manual)

Manual Tuning (0-4095, 2048)
GPS Buoy Display (Off, On)

Symbol Color (Green, Red, Blue, White, Black)
History Dots (Off, 5, 10, 20 (min))
All Cancel
Target Vector Time (30sec, 1min, 3min, 6min, 15min, 30min)

Vector Reference (Relative, True)
History Dots (Off, 5, 10)
History Intervals (15sec, 30sec, 1min, 2min, 3min, 6min, 12min)
CPA (Off, 0.5nm, 1nm, 2nm, 3nm, 5nm, 6nm)
TCPA (30sec, 1min, 2min, 3min, 4min, 5min, 6min, 12min)
Proximity Alarm (Off, 0.5nm, 1nm, 2nm, 3nm, 5nm, 6nm, 12nm, 24nm)
ARP*1 Display (Off, On)

Auto Acquire (Off, On)
All Cancel *1 Requires ARP board (built in)
*2 Requires AIS transponder
AIS*2 Display (Off, On)

Range (0.1-96(nm), 24.0)
Sector Start (0-359(deg), 340)
Sector End (0-359(deg), 020)
Sort By (Range, Sector, CPA, TCPA)
Number of Targets (10-100, 30)
ACK Lost Target
A-3
APPENDIX
GPS*1 Mode (GPS, WAAS, DGPS)

Datum (WGS-84, Tokyo, Other)
Datum Number (001-254, 001)
WAAS (Auto, Manual)
WAAS Number (120-150, 120)
GPS Self Test
Satellite Monitor
Type 16 Message
Forward Offset (-999 - +999(m), 0)
Right Offset (-999 - +999(m), 0)
Cold Start
System Initial Key Beep (Off, On)

Range Unit (nm, km, sm)
Alarm Level (Low, Med, High)
Shift Speed (1-99(kt), 15)
STBY Mode Display (Normal, Nav, Economy)
Bearing Source (Magnetic, True)
Range Preset (0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16,
24, 36, 48, 64, 72, 96*2(nm))
Ship Speed Unit (kt, km/h, mph)
Depth Unit (m, ft, fa, pb, HR)
Temperature Unit (°C, °F)
Wind Direction (Apparent, True)
Wind Speed Unit (kt, km/h, mph, m/s)
Port1 (Auto, 4800bps, 38400bps)
Port2 (Auto, 4800bps, 38400bps)
Through Output (Off, On)
Factory Test
LCD Pattern
Installation (For use by the installer. Not accessible by user.)
Sector Sector Status (Off, On)

Blank 1, Sector Start (0-359(deg), 0)
Sector Sector Area (0-180(deg), 0)
Blank 2
*1 Requires GPS receiver.

*2 FR-8252 only
A-4
FURUNO FR-8xx2 Series
SPECIFICATIONS OF MARINE RADAR

FR-8062/FR-8122/FR-8252
1. GENERAL
1.1 Range, Pulse length & Pulse repetition rate (PRR)
Range (nm) Pulse length (μs) PRR (Hz approx.)
0.125 to 1.5 0.08 2100
1.5 to 3 0.3 1200
3 to 96 0.8 600
1.2 Maximum Range 96 nm (FR-8252), 72 nm (FR-8122 and FR-8062)
1.3 Range Resolution 20 m
1.4 Bearing Resolution 1.9° (4 ft), 1.2° (6 ft)
1.5 Minimum Range 20 m
1.6 Bearing Accuracy ±1.0°
1.7 Range, Range Ring Accuracy 1.0% of range or 8 m, whichever is the greater
2. ANTENNA UNIT
2.1 XN-12A (4 ft)
2.1.1 Radiator Slotted array
2.1.2 Polarization Horizontal
2.1.3 Antenna Rotation 24 rpm, 36 rpm, 48 rpm. Range dependent or manual
selection
2.1.4 Radiator Length 120 cm (4 ft)
2.1.5 Horizontal Beamwidth 1.9°
2.1.6 Vertical Beamwidth 22°
2.1.7 Sidelobe Attenuation -24 dB or less (within ±10° of main-lobe)
-30 dB or less (±10° of main-lobe or more)
2.2 XN-13A (6 ft)
2.2.1 Radiator Slotted array
2.2.2 Polarization Horizontal
2.2.3 Antenna Rotation 24 rpm, 36 rpm, 48 rpm. Range dependent or manual
selection.
2.2.4 Radiator Length 180 cm (6 ft)
2.2.5 Horizontal Beamwidth 1.35°
2.2.6 Vertical Beamwidth 22°
2.2.7 Sidelobe Attenuation -28 dB or less (within ±10° of main-lobe)
-35 dB or less (±10° of main-lobe or more)
SP - 1 E3539S01G
2.3 Auto Antenna Rotation Speed

Automatic selection of antenna rotation speed and pulse
length according to range are available. The table below
shows antenna rotation speed and pulse length selected
according to range.
Range, Antenna Rotation Speed and Pulselength
0.125 0.25 0.5 0.75 1.0 1.5 2 3 4 6 8 12 16 24 36 48 64 72 96
48 rpm (SP)
36 rpm (MP)
24 rpm (LP)
SP=Short Pulse (0.08 µs), MP=Medium Pulse (0.3 µs), LP=Long Pulse (0.8 µs)
Max. range: FR-8252, 96 nm, FR-8062, FR-8122, 72 nm
For the 1.5 nm and 3.0 nm ranges, the antenna rotation speed is also changed depending on the
setting of Pulse Length in the Echo menu.
3. RF TRANSCEIVER
3.1 Frequency and Modulation 9410 MHz ±30MHz (X band), P0N
3.2 Peak Output Power FR-8062: 6 kW, FR-8122: 12 kW, FR-8052: 25 kW
3.3 Intermediate Frequency 60 MHz
3.4 Tuning Automatic or manual
3.5 Noise figure 5 dB (typical)
4. DISPLAY UNIT
4.1 Display 12.1-inch rectangular TFT color LCD, 600 x 800 dots,
Effective radar display 300 dots
4.2 Range, Range Ring Interval, Number of Rings
Range 0.125 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.5 2 3 4 6 8 12 16 24 36 48 64 72 96
Ring
0.025 0.05 0.1 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.5 0.5 1 1 2 2 4 4 6 8 8 12 16
Interval
No. of
5 5 5 3 4 6 4 6 4 6 4 6 4 6 6 6 4 6 6
rings
Max. range: FR-8252: 96 nm, FR-8062, FR-8122, 72 nm

4.3 Markers Heading Line, Bearing Scale, Range Rings, Variable Range
Marker (VRM), Electronic Bearing Line (EBL), Target Alarm
Zone, Waypoint Mark (navigation input required), Zoom Win-
dow
SP - 2 E3539S01G
4.4 Alphanumeric Indications Range, Range Ring Interval, Interference Rejection (IR), Vari-
able Range Marker (VRM), Electronic Bearing Line (EBL),
Stand-by (ST-BY), Echo Averaging (EAV), TX Pulse width,
Guard Alarm (G(IN), G(OUT)), Echo Stretch (ES), Range and
Bearing to Cursor or Cursor Position, Echo Trail Reference,
Echo Trail Time, Nav Data (Position, Speed, Course, etc.),
ARP/AIS Target Data
4.5 Audio Alarm Volume 72 dB (A)
5. POWER SUPPLY
5.1 Rated Voltage/Current FR-8062 - 12-24 VDC: 3.2 A (24 V, no wind)
FR-8122 - 12-24 VDC: 3.8 A (24 V, no wind)
FR-8252 - 12-24 VDC: 5.0 A (24 V, no wind)
5.2 AC-DC Power Supply (option) 100-115/220-230 VAC, 1 phase, 50/60 Hz
6. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
6.1 Ambient Temperature Antenna Unit: -25°C to +55°C
Display Unit: -15°C to +55°C
Remote Controller: +5°C to +45°C
Power Supply Unit for Antenna Unit: -15°C to +55°C
6.2 Relative Humidity 93% or less at +40°C
6.3 Waterproofing Antenna Unit: IP26
Display Unit: IP25 for front panel, IP22 for rear panel
Remote Controller: IPX4
Power Supply Unit for Antenna Unit: Not waterproof
6.4 Vibration IEC 60945-4th - 2Hz to 5 Hz and up to 13.2 Hz with a deviation of ±1 mm
±10% (7 m/s2 maximum acceleration at 13.2 Hz);
- above 13.2 Hz and up to 100 Hz with a constant maximum
acceleration of 7 m/s2 .
7. COATING COLOR
7.1 Display Unit N3.0
7.2 Antenna Unit N9.5
SP - 3 E3539S01G
This page intentionally left blank.
SP - 4 E3539S01G
INDEX
A CUSTOM key, 1-38
A/C RAIN control Custom setup
adjustment method, 1-14 description, 1-38
automatic adjustment, 1-15 setting, 1-40
manual adjustment, 1-15 D
A/C SEA control Depth unit, 1-54
adjustment method, 1-13 Dynamic range, 1-47
automatic adjustment, 1-13, 1-15
manual adjustment, 1-14 E
Advanced-level troubleshooting, 6-6 EBL
AIS measuring bearing by, 1-22
activating targets, 4-2 reference, 1-23
controls for, 4-1 EBL key, 1-23
CPA/TCPA alarm, 4-8 Echo area, 1-52
display on/off, 4-1 Echo averaging, 1-30
display range, 4-4 Echo stretch, 1-29
display sector, 4-5 F
history display, 4-7 F1, F2 key, 1-41
lost target, 4-10 False echoes, 2-3
number of targets, 4-5 Function keys, 1-41
proximity alarm, 4-9 Fuse replacement, 6-3
sleeping targets, 4-2
sorting targets, 4-4 G
symbol color, 4-10 GAIN control
target data, 4-3 adjustment method, 1-12
vector, 4-6 automatic adjustment, 1-12
Alarm message, 1-50 manual adjustment, 1-12
Antenna speed, 1-48 GPS
Anti-clutter, 1-16 cold start, 5-6
ARP datum, 5-2
acquiring targets, 3-3 navigator type, 5-1
activating, deactivating, 3-2 satellite monitor, 5-3
controls for, 3-2 sensor installation offset, 5-5
CPA/TCPA alarm, 3-8 test, 6-10
history display, 3-6 type 16 message, 5-4
lost target, 3-9 WAAS, 5-2
proximity alarm, 3-9 GPS buoy
symbol color, 3-10 displaying, 1-57
terminating tracking of target, 3-4 erasing, 1-59
usage precautions, 3-1 history display, 1-58
vector, 3-5 symbol color, 1-58
GPS test, 6-10
B
Background color, 1-44 H
Heading line, 1-38
C Head-up mode, 1-8
CANCEL/HL OFF key, 1-38 History display
Characteristics curve, 1-47 AIS, 4-7
Color schemes, 1-44 ARP, 3-6
Controls, 1-1
Course-up mode, 1-9 I
CPA/TCPA alarm, 4-8 Indications, 1-4
AIS, 4-8 Initial menu, 1-53
ARP, 3-8 Interference rejector, 1-18
Cursor, 1-17
IN-1
INDEX
K Remote display, 1-57

Key beep, 1-50 S
L SART, 2-5
LCD backlight life, 6-3 Second-trace echoes, 1-40
Lost target Sector blank, 1-52
AIS, 4-10 Ship speed unit, 1-51
ARP, 3-9 Sidelobe echoes, 2-3
STBY/TX key, 1-3
M
System configuration, xi
Magnetron life, 6-3
System test, 6-8
Magnetron replacement, 6-3
Maintenance T
fuse replacement, 6-3 Target alarm
LCD backlight life, 6-3 alarm type, 1-23
magnetron life, 6-3 deactivating, 1-23
preventive, 6-2 sensitivity, 1-24
trackball, 6-4 setting, 1-22
Menu, 1-5 silencing, 1-22
MENU key, 1-5 TARGET ALARM key, 1-22
MODE key, 1-8 Target trails
Multiple echoes, 2-3 color, 1-31
gradation, 1-31
N
level, 1-31
Navigation data
long trails, 1-33
at screen bottom, 1-44
mode, 1-30
standby, 1-43
narrow trails, 1-32
Noise rejector, 1-40
own ship trail, 1-32
North-up mode, 1-9
restarting, 1-33
O starting, 1-29
OFF CENTER key, 1-24 stopping, 1-29
Offcentering the display, 1-24 trail copy, 1-32
Origin mark, 1-36 Temperature unit, 1-51
P Tests
Parallel index lines GPS test, 6-10
mode, 1-35 LCD test, 6-10
turning on/off, 1-34 system, 6-8
POWER/BRILL key, 1-3, 1-5 TLL key, 1-35
Presentation mode Trackball maintenance, 6-4
course-up, 1-9 TRAILS key, 1-29
heading, 1-8 Troubleshooting
north-up, 1-9 advanced, 6-6
true motion, 1-9 simple, 6-5
Preventive maintenance, 6-2 True motion mode, 1-9
Proximity alarm Tuning, 1-7
AIS, 4-9 V
ARP, 3-9 Virtual image, 2-4
Pulse length, 1-11 VRM
Q measuring range by, 1-18
Quick start, 1-3 unit of range measurement, 1-20
VRM key, 1-19
R
RACON, 2-6 W
Range and bearing between two targets, 1-21 Watchman, 1-41
RANGE key, 1-10 Waypoint marker, 1-46
Range measurement, 1-18 Wind direction, 1-51
Range preset, 1-51 Wind speed unit, 1-51
Range ring brilliance, 1-18 Z
Range unit, 1-50 ZOOM key, 1-25
IN-2
FURUNO ELECTRIC CO., LTD.
9-52 Ashihara-Cho, Nishinomiya City, 662-8580, Hyogo, Japan
Tel: +81 798-65-2111 Fax: +81 798-65-4200
Pub NO. DOC-858
Declaration of Conformity
We FURUNO ELECTRIC CO., LTD.

0560
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Manufacturer)
9-52 Ashihara-Cho, Nishinomiya City, 662-8580, Hyogo, Japan

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(Address)
declare under our sole responsibility that the product
Marine radar Type FR-8XX2 series (FR-8062, FR-8122 and FR-8252)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Model name, serial number)
are in conformity with the essential requirements as described in the Directive 1999/5/EC of the
European Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 1999 on radio equipment and
telecommunications terminal equipment (R&TTE Directive) and satisfies all the technical regulations
applicable to the product within this Directive
EN 60945: 1997-01 (IEC 60945 Third edition: 1996-11) – Clauses 10.2 and 10.3
IEC 60945 Fourth edition: 2002-08 – Clauses 9.2, 9.3, 10.3, 10.4, 10,5 and 10.8
EN 60950 Third edition: 2000 (IEC 60950: 1999-04)
ITU Radio Regulations (R.R.) Appendix S3. table 2
ITU-R M.1177-3, SM.1539, SM.1541 and SM.329-9
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(title and/or number and date of issue of the standard(s) or other normative document(s))
For assessment, see

• Statement of Opinion No: 06214004/AA/00 of 19 January 2006 issued by Telefication BV, The
Netherlands
• EMC Test Reports FLI 12-05-048, FLI 12-05-049 and FLI 12-05-050 of 31 October 2005, FLI
12-05-065 of 12 December 2005 and Safety Test Report FLI 12-05-064 of 20 December 2005
prepared by Furuno Labotech International Co., Ltd., Japan
• Test reports of unwanted emissions measurements K03-17-176, K03-17-177, K03-17-191,
K03-17-193 and K03-17-194 of 5 January 2004 prepared by Furuno Electric Co., Ltd., Japan
On behalf of Furuno Electric Co., Ltd.
Hiroaki Komatsu
Nishinomiya City, Japan Manager,
January 23, 2006 International Rules and Regulations
--------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------
(Place and date of issue) (name and signature or equivalent marking of authorized person)

Operational Manual FR-8252

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OPERATOR'S MANUAL

FURUNO Authorized Distributor Dealer

All rights reserved.

Pub. No. OME-35390-H

How to discard this product

How to discard a used battery

In the European Union

Read these safety instructions before you operate the equipment.

Indicates a condition that can cause death or serious

Indicates a condition that can cause minor or moderate

Warning, Caution Prohibitive Action Mandatory Action

Serious injury or death can

Do not disassemble or modify the

Fire, electrical shock or serious injury can

Turn off the power immediately if water

Continued use of the equipment can cause

WARNING LABELS TFT LCD

WARNING ANTENNA UNIT

1.22 Zoom ....................................................................................................................... 1-27

2. RADAR OBSERVATION ....................................................................2-1

5. GPS OPERATION .............................................................................. 5-1

A Word to the Owner of the FR-8xx2 Marine Radar

Thank you for considering and purchasing FURUNO.

The main features are

• The FR-8xx2 series consist of the following models:

• Bright 12.1" LCD visible even under direct sunlight

Radar Specifications and Function Availability

River: For river-going vessels

Specification and function availability

Automatic Menus automati- No No Yes 1-6

POWER SUPPLY UNIT

Auto Plotter DISPLAY UNIT

AC-DC Power Supply

AC-DC Power Supply Heading Sensor

EBL VRM Note: Hereafter this control is referred to as

2 STBY/TX Transmits radar pulses and places radar in

1.1.2 Remote controller

Offcenters display. OFF STBY

RANGE Chooses range.

1.2 Turning the Radar On/Off, Transmitting

12.1" COLOR LCD

Program No. 0359226-xx.xx

FURUNO ELECTRIC CO., LTD.

1.3 Display Indications

No. 1 VRM No. 2 VRM

Cursor + Zoom window

Target alarm zone 2

Trail reference TRAILS (T) ALARM1_IN Target alarm

Nav data: Appears at screen bottom when Data Box in the

“IEC”, and the default configuration

descriptions in this manual use the

ference between the Sea, River 210 150

1.4 Adjusting Display Brilliance, Panel Dimmer

Brill/Panel dialog box

1.5 Menu Overview

1. Press the MENU key to display the menu.

Title bar*4 Menu Echo

*1 Displayed if equipped with ARP Board.

5. Roll the trackball upward or downward to choose appropriate option.