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    PYROELECTRICITY

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    Praneshvar Praneshvar
    This document discusses pyroelectricity, which is the ability of certain materials to generate an electric charge in response to a temperature change. It defines pyroelectricity and lists some common pyroelectric materials. It also discusses the pyroelectric effect and coefficient, as well as advantages and applications of pyroelectric materials.

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    PYROELECTRICITY

    Uploaded by

    Praneshvar Praneshvar
    189 views5 pages
    This document discusses pyroelectricity, which is the ability of certain materials to generate an electric charge in response to a temperature change. It defines pyroelectricity and lists some common pyroelectric materials. It also discusses the pyroelectric effect and coefficient, as well as advantages and applications of pyroelectric materials.

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    This document discusses pyroelectricity, which is the ability of certain materials to generate an electric charge in response to a temperature change. It defines pyroelectricity and lists some common pyroelectric materials. It also discusses the pyroelectric effect and coefficient, as well as advantages and applications of pyroelectric materials.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    189 views5 pages

    PYROELECTRICITY

    Uploaded by

    Praneshvar Praneshvar
    This document discusses pyroelectricity, which is the ability of certain materials to generate an electric charge in response to a temperature change. It defines pyroelectricity and lists some common pyroelectric materials. It also discusses the pyroelectric effect and coefficient, as well as advantages and applications of pyroelectric materials.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 5

    PYROELECTRICITY

    We will be heard about electricity made from Solar, Thermal, Nuclear,


    Wind, etc, but do we heard about electricity made from Pyroelectric materials ?

    Of course ,we can produce electricity from pyroelectric materials.Let us see what
    is Pyroelectric materials,Pyroelectricity,their advantages and disadvantages.

    PYROELECTRICITY:-
    Pyroelectricitydevelopment of opposite electrical charges on different
    parts of a crystal that is subjected to temperature change .First observed in
    Quartz(1824), pyroelectricity is exhibited only in crystallised non conducting
    substances having atleast one axis of symmetry that is polar (having no centre of
    symmetry,the different crystal faces occurring on opposite ends).

    Portions of the crystal with the same symmetry will develop charges of like sign.
    Opposite temperature changes produce opposite charges at the same point;(i.e,)
    if a crystal develops a positive charge on one face during heating ,it will develop a
    negative charge there during cooling .The charges gradually dissipate if the
    crystal is kept at a constant temperature.

    POLARISATION EFFECT :-
    Pyroelectricity is the property presented by certain materials that exhibit
    an electric polarisation Pi when a temperature variation ∆T is applied uniformly:

    Pi=piT∆T
    Where piT is the pyroelectric coefficient at constant
    stress. Pyroelectric materials have a spontaneous polarisation, but the
    pyroelectric effect can only be observed during a temperature change.
    If the polarization can be reversed by the application of an electric field,
    the crystal is ferroelectric.

    PROPERTIES:-
    Pyroelectric materials generate an electrical charge in response to a slight
    change in thermal energy, such as exposure to infrared rays. When electrically
    polarised ceramics are exposed to infrared rays, the polarisation structures
    instantaneously shift, causing the ions absorbed on the surface of the ceramics to
    move , resulting in generation of an electrical charge.

    LIST OF PYROELECTRIC MATERIALS:-


    ®Tourmaline ®Cobalt phthalocyanine

    ®Gallium nitride ®Lithium tantalite(LiTaO3)

    ®Cesium nitrate(CsNO3)

    ®Polyvinyl fluorides
    ®derivatives of phenyl pyridine

    EFFECT OF piT WITH TEMPERATURE:-


    » Pyroelectric coefficient increases with an increase in temperature.
    » It depends on the order of phase transition and is larger for second
    order second order transitions.

    » TC is the curie temperature where the pyroelectric material increases.

    ADVANTAGES:-
     Pollution free (eco friendly)
     Maintanence cost is less
     Very high frequency response

    DISADVANTAGES:-
     Require high impedance cable
     Static motions cannot be measured easily.(change in motions create
    change in temperature which is the input of pyroelectric materials)

    APPLICATIONS:-
     PIR – based motion detectors
     Radiometry
     Solar energy pyroelectric converter
     Detection and Protection of wildlife
     PIR based thermometer
     Fire detector
     Laser diagonistic.

    P.PRANESHVAR

    B.E,(EEE) ,2 nd YEAR
    2018104042

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