M/3CL JAYONA, MAY B.

ANTARTICA SECTION

PHYSICAL EDUCATION

1. HOW DID THE SPORT BEGAN?

The word “sport” has the oldest definition in English as “anything humans find amusing
or entertaining”, it was derived from the Old French disport meaning “leisure”. Although the
word started from around the year 1300, sports are believed to exist since ancient times.

The physical activity that developed into sports had early links with ritual, warfare, and
entertainment. It is often involved in the preparation for war or training as a hunter, which
explains why a lot of prior games involved the throwing of spears, stakes, and rocks, and
sparring one-on-one with opponents. In 776 BC, ancient Greeks held a festival of sports to honor
Zeus, the greatest of all Greek gods. Athletes from all over the country assembled in the stadium
in the valley of Olympia to test their speed, strength, and skill in the first Olympic games.

2. WHAT ARE THE FIRST NAMES OF TABLE TENNIS?

The game of Table Tennis was called in different names since it was first invented in the
late 1880s. It was developed when game makers tried to imitate the Lawn Tennis by developing
indoor version of it or the Indoor Tennis. In 1891, a maker of sports equipment John Jacques
released the Gossima game which included a kit with two drum-type paddles, a wrapped cork
ball, and a net. It became so popular that in 1901, Jacques decided to change its name to Ping
Pong and forcing rivals to adopt alternative names. Slazenger went with Whiff-Whaff, which had
been an early nickname but its first recorded use is long after Gossima. The game was named
Whiff-Whaff or Ping Pong because of the sound made by the cork ball when hit by the
parchment racket. To make the game more respectable, officials changed its name from Whiff-
Whaff and Ping Pong to Table Tennis.

3. WHAT IS ITTF?
 The International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF) was founded in 1926 that is
responsible for organizing several international competitions which includes World Table
Tennis Championships. It promotes table tennis and its benefits to a broad and wider public.
The role of the ITTF includes overseeing rules and regulations and seeking technological
improvement for the sport of table tennis.

4. CITE SIGNIFICANT EVENTS IN THE HISTORY OF TABLE TENNIS

The formation of the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF) in 1926 is one of the
significant events in the history of Table Tennis, where the first constitution and official rules of
Table Tennis were agreed between the original members of the ITTF. The first World Table
Tennis Championships was held in London, England from 6-11 December 1926. While in 1953,
China became a member of ITTF and participated in the World Championship. Even though
China had only joined in ITTF, they had won multiple World Championship titles from 1959 to
1965 and offered Ping Pong Diplomacy in 1971. Table Tennis first became an official sport in
the Olympics during the year of 1988. The Women’s singles were added in 1996 and team
competitions added in 1990 from the Table Tennis World Cup.

Other significant events in the history of Table Tennis are the following: introducing
the time limit in games (1937), changing from hard bat table tennis to sponge rackets (1952), the
introduction of the two-color rule (1986), changing the ball size from 38mm to 40mm (2000),
separating the World Championship events (2000), Changing the scoring system from 21up to
11up (2001), and the introduction of plastic balls to eventually replace celluloid balls (2014).

5. HOW DOES IT CONTRIBUTES TO THE WORLD SOCIETY?

Aside from being a recreational activity, Table Tennis has a great impact on one’s health,
especially when played regularly. It improves body reflexes, hand-eye coordination and balance,
and stimulates mental alertness. Watching and playing sports provide ways to escape the stress
of our daily lives. Table Tennis doesn’t only keep your body fit but it also keeps your brain fit.

Sports such as Table Tennis contributes to the economy and cultural influence. Hosting
sporting events can boost tourism and revenue for a city. It gives us a better understanding of
socio-economic issues such as discrimination. No matter what gender, ethnicity, and religion a
person are, they can still participate in any kind of sports. It builds friendship and respect among
nations. Physical activities like sports are not merely about fitness or victory; above all, they are
an essential building block of a prosperous and healthy society.

ACTIVITY 2

1. HOW DOES SPORTS INJURY MAY PREVENTED?

Injuries caused by sport can often be prevented with proper precautions and regular
conditioning program of exercises. Before playing any kind of sports, remember to always
warm-up. Be in the proper physical condition and wear appropriate protective gear before a
game to have a less chance of getting an injury. Avoid playing when tired or in pain, keep in
mind that rest is a critical component of proper training. The rules in a sport are there to keep
athletes safe which is why anyone needs to learn it and play by the rules of conduct.

2. NAME 5 COMMON INJURIES IN TABLE TENNIS

When playing table tennis, athletes often suffer from these common injuries: Ankle
sprain, Knee injury, Tennis Elbow, Shoulder Pain, and a calf strain. Excessive effort in a stroke
when not completely balanced or making a sharp turn can cause an ankle sprain. Knee injuries
are the result of making quick or unpredictable movements that are similar to an ankle sprain.
Table Tennis uses the body’s most mobile joint which is the elbow. If an athlete overextends an
elbow during a backhand shot, it is most likely to suffer from an elbow strain or Tennis elbow.
The effect of playing for long hours, consistent use of the same technique, and doing it in the
wrong way can cause shoulder injuries. Lastly, Calf strain mostly occurs when a player uses their
calf muscles excessively during a game without taking time out to rest.

3. WHAT IS THE ROLE OF WARMING UP AND COOLDOWN ACTIVITIES?

Warm-up is a session that takes place before doing physical activity. It usually consists of
low-key cardiovascular activity such as walking or jogging before running. It can be done
between 5 and 30 minutes which can also depend on the length of how intense the activity. It
prepares the body by gradually increasing heart rate and circulation. Doing warm-up as part of a
fitness routine will reduce the likelihood of injury and improves performance.

Cool-down provides the body with a smooth transition from the strenuous activity back
to a steady-state of rest. It lowers the chances of getting an injury by returning the muscles to
their optimal length-tension relationships. Always remember to cool down after doing physical
activity to reduce heart and breathing rates which gradually cool body temperature.

4. GIVE 1 SITUATION WHERE YOU CAN APPLY YOUR READINESS IN CASE OF

In case of an accident, being prepared would likely give me a high chance of staying
alive. If I should ever have the misfortune of being in a minor car accident during a trip,
preparedness can help me to calm down and comprehend what next action to do. If a collision
happened then the first thing I need to do is call for medical assistance and police to report the
accident. Having an emergency kit or extra tools can be used if someone is injured or needs
assistance. It is better to have an identification card and a list of emergency numbers at all times
since we can't predict when or where an accident will occur.

ACTIVITY 3

1. IS TABLE TENNIS A GOOD EXERCISE?

Table Tennis is a good exercise that is not just entertaining but also offers a variety of
health benefits. All ages can play table tennis because the overall risk for injury is quite low. It
also keeps your body in shape especially if played regularly. Table tennis helps you build
strength, speed, and agility. It improves reflexes, hand-eye coordination, and balance while
toning and strengthening the core muscles, upper and lower body. It is a great aerobic exercise
that increases your heart rate, thus helping to keep your heart strong and healthy.

2. HOW DOES TABLE TENNIS AFFECT YOUR OVERALL FITNESS?

In terms of physical fitness, table tennis increases the speed of reflexes. Due to the short
distance, the fast-paced nature of table tennis, the gross and fine muscle movements are also
improved. If you want to improve your arm, leg, and core strength then playing table tennis is a
good decision. As well as being a fantastic physical work out, table tennis is also a great mental
work out. Since table tennis is a fast-paced competitive sport, your next move should be decided
in split seconds that results in increase concentration levels and alertness. These mental exercises
stimulate brain function and boost hormone levels which can slow the progress of cognitive
impairment that occurs with aging.