Arm1504 Answers

67882587
ARM1503 ASSIGNMENT
(UNIQUE NUMBER: 789045)
KARABO MILLS
QUESTION 1
RULE ON RESTORATION
 Looking at how far reconstruction may be undertaken without losing or diminishing
the integrity of the item or document. No process may be used in restoration which
would remove, diminish, falsify (by subtraction, alteration, or addition) or obscure in
any way the document’s value as evidence. No process may be used which would in
any way damage or weaken the document.
 This applies not only to the written text of the document but also to its physical
structure when that itself has evidential value.
CAPABILITY OF PROBLEM AND SOLUTION

 The chosen treatment to be applied should not be greater or weaker than the
problem. It may be best to do nothing at all if no acceptable treatment solution is
compatible to the problem.
 As far as possible missing material should be replaced by material of the same kind,
or with compatible, similar materials.
 The nature and extent of any repair should be left unmistakably evident. However,
this does not mean that the repair should not be aesthetically like the original
RULES OF REVERSIBILITY
 This means that No procedure or treatment should be undertaken that cannot later
be undone. Nothing should be done which cannot be undone without damage to the
document.
 However, this does not mean that certain treatments such as cleaning and
deacidification, which would never be reversed in practice, should not be used when
they are appropriate because a balance must be stuck between the possible effects
of any treatment and the durability of the document if it is left untreated and this
may justify in appropriate
Documentation
 Maintaining a complete and accurate record of all treatments. Narrative description,
checklist of work done, photographic record (before, during, and after)
 A proper record should be kept of all restoration treatment. This should include, as
a minimum, Information identifying the document, the dates of the treatment, the
state of the document before treatment, including information about its
components (e.g. number of sheets); Information on any disassembly which is
necessary before treatment can start, the sequence of treatment process and
techniques used (during treatment this should serve as a security control to ensure
that documents are not lost)and The materials used, including any adhesives, sizes,
etc. and the extent to which original materials have been reused..
QUESTION 2
Few activities can prevent further deterioration:
 Dust prevention is best achieved by insulation and mechanical air filters in the air
conditioning equipment for the entire storage environment.
 Touching playing surfaces with bare hands must be absolutely be forbidden, the use
of lint-fee
 cotton gloves is strongly encouraged.
 Drinking and eating is forbidden in all rooms where audio-visual records are handled
or sored.
 The level of light, temperature and humidity should be controlled and monitored.
 All carriers, discs, tapes, and any cassettes should be stored upright.
 For discs, shelf separators should be in half the discs diameter.
QUESTION 3
The preservation of records and archives facilitates continuity in decision making as well as
providing evidence of past activities and historical precedence for future generations. Put
differently, records and archives help to:
• preserve societal memory
• comply with legislation and regulations
• protect human rights
• foster transparency, accountability, and good governance
• manage risks
• sustain service delivery
• preserve an organisation's sense of identity
• achieve efficiency, productivity, and consistency
• protect the interest of the organisation, staff, and its clients
According to Ngulube and Saurombe (2016) the National Archives are an important part of
South African society because they serve as a memory institution. Fulfilling this mandate
requires archivists to encourage societal engagement with the archives. Records and
archives can effectively help to achieve the foregoing outlined roles if they are appropriately
preserved and made accessible when required.
QUESTION 4
SURFACE CLEANING
refers to the removal of dust ,vanish and other debris from the surface room o an object.by
cleaning colours may become vibrant ,details may become more clearer an previously
unseen aspects of an object may become more visible.
A natural cleaning technique that involves no organic solvents, vacuuming or dusting,
eraser, powdered synthetic rubber, damp sponge, fine sandpaper
BLEACHING
Is substance that curse a material such as cloths paper or hair to become white or much
lighter by a chemical process or by exposure to sunlight.
It removes stains, marks and discolorations which often cannot be removed in the ordinary
washing process.
Bleaching treats foxing. Chemicals used are chlorine dioxide, hydrogen peroxide, halazone
IT helps with the Clarity of the documents can be restored.
Washing paper
Washing paper is the use of water, often in combination with other solvents, enzymes and
substances that are useful for their cleaning, wetting, as they make it possible to clean
documents, to treat paper.
Washing paper reduce soluble products, such as acidic, adhesives discoloured components
and impurities that causes deterioration.
Tap water, distilled water and deionised water can be used in the in the washing process
DEACIDIFICATION
refers to chemical treatment meant to slow down the acid hydrolysis and embrittlement of
books and paper documents that have been printed on an acidic paper.
Deacidification is the removal of acid from or the reduction of acidity in a material such as
paper.
LINING
The paper is treated with a mild alkali which initially neutralizes any acid present and is
then converted into a compound that remains in the fibres of the paper to act as a buffer to
neutralize any further acidity which may develop.
Deacidification effectively neutralizes existing acid. The document immersed, brushed, or
sprayed in an aqueous solution of lime water (calcium hydroxide) or barium hydroxide,
magnesium hydrogen carbonate after testing the inks and pigments present.
the layer of different materials covering the inside surface of something
Lining involves attaching a complete secondary structural support to the primary support of
a document or book.
Lining repair a badly torn document. It can strengthen a paper object which is so brittle or
has deteriorated
MEANDING
Mending in paper conservation means joining splits and tears or reinforcing cracks in a
paper support.
Mending restore the aesthetic unity of a document or page and to preserve its physical
integrity.
LEAF CASTING
Leaf casting is a method of repairing archival papers by mechanical means rather than
manually.
Prepared paper pulp in suspension form can also be used to create pulp fills manually where
losses have occurred in a document. The new fibres settle only in the areas of loss.
QUESTION 5
benefits
Digital collections can be derived from:
 Laptops or desktops or smart phones; from tablets, souped-up servers or hulking

great mainframes.
 They can be snapped at the end of a selfie stick or beamed from sensors deep in
space
 They can be generated by tills and cash machines, by satellites and scanners, by tiny
sensitive chips and massive arrays.
 They can be stored in repositories or data centres or USB sticks.
 There is no digital object or system that is not provisionally within scope for digital
preservation.
Digital preservation materials encompass the following examples:
Texts and images, desktop, files. email, databases , enterprise systems ,social media,
spreadsheets applications, music and sound programs , movies, games etc..
OPPORTUNITIES THEY CREATE

But digital materials - and the opportunities they create - are fragile even if they also have
the capacity to be durable through replication.
Digital platforms change and the long chains of interdependence on which they depend are
complicated and fluid.
Their longevity and utility are threatened where contents or contexts are lost: engagement
and exploitation are enabled when digital materials endure.
The greater the importance of digital materials, the greater the need for their preservation:
digital preservation protects investment, captures potential and transmits opportunities to
future generations and our own. Already we have made great strides in averting a "digital
dark age".
There are a growing number of repositories all over the world that can claim a long track
record of keeping digital materials well over many decades. This gives us a broad foundation
of experience and collaborative professional networks to draw on. It is a shared,
generational challenge.
REFERENCES
AMR1504 STUDYB GUIED
QUESTION 1 PAGE 17-18
QUESTION 3 PAGE 52
Declaration Statement
I declare that this is my own, original work prepared specifically for the ARM1504 module
and that all the sources I have used or quoted have been indicated and acknowledged by
means of complete references
K MILLS (Signature)
KARABO MILLS Name) 30 September 2020 (Date)

Arm1504 Answers

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Arm1504 Answers

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Arm1504 Answers

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

67882587

CAPABILITY OF PROBLEM AND SOLUTION

 Laptops or desktops or smart phones; from tablets, souped-up servers or hulking

OPPORTUNITIES THEY CREATE

You might also like