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Conceptualizing Simultaneity: A Transnational Social Field Perspective On Society

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Conceptualizing Simultaneity: A Transnational Social Field Perspective

on Society

This article explores the social theory and consequent methodology that underpins studies of
transnational migration.

First, in this research it has been proposed a social field approach to the study of migration and
distinguish between ways of being and ways of belonging in that field.

Second, in the research it has been argued about assimilation and enduring transnational ties which are
neither incompatible nor binary opposites.

Third, it has been highlighted the social process and institutions that are routinely obscured by
traditional migration scholarship but that become clear when we use a transnational lens.

Finally, we locate our approach to migration research within larger intellectual project, taken by scholars
of transnational processes in many fields, to rethink and reformulate the concept of society such that is
no longer automatically equated with the boundaries of single nation state.

we explore the social theory and the consequent methodology that underpins studies of transnational
migration. We argue that central to the project of transnational migration studies, and to scholarship on
other transnational phenomena, is a reformulation of the concept of society. The lives of increasing
numbers of individuals can no longer be understood by looking only at what goes on within national
boundaries. Our analytical lens must necessarily broaden and deepen because migrants are often
embedded in multi-layered, multi-sited transnational social fields, encompassing those who move and
those who stay behind. As a result, basic assumptions about social institutions such as the family,
citizenship, and nation-states need to be revisited.

Once we rethink the boundaries of social life, it becomes clear that the incorporation of individuals into
nation-states and the maintenance of transnational connections are not contradictory social processes.
Simultaneity, or living lives that incorporate daily activities, routines, and institutions located both in a
destination country and transnationally, is a possibility that needs to be theorized and explored. Migrant
incorporation into a new land and transnational connections to a homeland or to dispersed networks of
family, compatriots, or persons who share a religious or ethnic identity can occur at the same time and
reinforce one another.

FOUNDATIONAL APPROACHES TO THIS FIELD

Researchers have explored transnational identity formation and the economic, political, religious, and
sociocultural practices that propel migrant incorporation and transnational connection at the same time.

To develop our theory and methodology further and to address the implications of simultaneous
incorporation, we begin with a brief synthesis of the scholarship on transnational migration to date
upon which a new theoretical synthesis can be built. (Four approaches!)

Much of this work, however, views the social formations engendered by transnational migration as
unique. Instead, we propose that they are one indication, among many, that the nation-state container
view of society does not capture, adequately or automatically, the complex interconnectedness of
contemporary reality. To do so requires adopting a transnational social field approach to the study of
social life that distinguishes between the existence of transnational social networks and the
consciousness of being embedded in them. Such a distinction is also critical to understanding the
experience of living simultaneously within and beyond the boundaries of a nation-state and to
developing methodologies for empirically studying such experiences.

BUILDING TO A TRANSNATIONAL SOCIAL FIELD THEORY OF SOCIETY

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