Catchment Area Calculation

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Catchment Area Calculation

Contents
1 Synopsis (summary)............................................................................................................................2
2 Objective............................................................................................................................................2
3 Introduction........................................................................................................................................2
3.1 Catchment area...............................................................................................................................2
3.1.1 Basin.........................................................................................................................................3
3.1.2 Water shed...............................................................................................................................3
4 Catchment area calculation................................................................................................................3
4.1 Source of data..................................................................................................................................3
4.2 Gandao Dam....................................................................................................................................3
4.2.1Dam Information.......................................................................................................................4
5 Methods of finding catchment area...................................................................................................5
5.1 Manually......................................................................................................................................5
5.2 By software..................................................................................................................................5
5.2.1 Calculation in QGIS...................................................................................................................5
5.2.2 Calculation in AutoCAD.............................................................................................................7
5.3 Calculations:................................................................................................................................8
6 Results...............................................................................................................................................8
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1 Synopsis (summary)
This report is based on the calculation of calculation of catchment area of a hydrological
structure (Gandao dam). The data was collected from the concerned department FDA ( Fata
Development Authority). A topographic sheet was collected along with some coordinates.
The area is calculated by two methods using Q GIS and Auto cad. The map was created in
Auto cad and Q Gis then the area was calculated from that map
2 Objective
To calculate the catchment area of a hydraulic structure by different methods
3 Introduction
3.1 Catchment area

A catchment is a basin shaped area of land, bounded by natural features such as hills or
mountains from which surface and subsurface water flows into streams, rivers and wetlands.
Water flows into, and collects in, the lowest areas in the landscape.
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3.1.1 Basin
A river basin drains out towards a larger body of water such as the ocean or the sea.
Usually basin refers to a large catchment area of a large hydraulic structure such as basin of
river Indus. A river basin is also known as a catchment area, drainage basin, or catchment
basin. It can have smaller sub-basins that combine to form a larger water basin. When rain
falls or when ice and snow melts, the water that comes from them flows towards a river basin
before exiting towards the river, lakes, oceans, or sea
3.1.2 Water shed

Watershed may drain towards a smaller body of water if it is referred to as a water
basin. Watershed is used to describe a small catchment
The water that comes from different sources, such as rivers, ponds, creeks, rainfall, or
melting snow and ice flows through them and into the water basin and out into another body
of water, usually a larger one.
These landforms are called watersheds which are the divides or elevations that
separate the river basin or catchment area. They are also known as drainage divides because
they divide the river system or river basins from other river systems. A watershed is also a
term that is being used in the North American region to refer to a water basin which is
smaller in size and flows into a smaller outlet such as a stream or wetland. Watersheds are
considered part of a water basin. In other regions of the world, watersheds are the drainage
divides that cut through a river system.
4 Catchment area calculation

Catchment area of a hydraulic structure is to be calculated. For this purpose we select
a dam i.e Gandao Dam
4.1 Source of data

Fata Development Authority (FDA)
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4.2 Gandao Dam

It is a gravity dam under construction near town of Ghalanai in Mohmand
Agency of FATA, Pakistan
Construction of dam started in January, 2013 and is expected to complete in 2015

with projected cost of PKR 449 Millions. The dam was attacked by militants in September
2013 and construction did not resume until May 2014.The dam has a height of 105 feet and
lengths 250 feet. It will have total water storage capacity of around 810 acre feet
4.2.1Dam Information
 Country Pakistan
 Location Mohmand Agency, FATA
 Coordinates 34°18′18″N 71°24′04″E
 Status Under construction
 Construction began 2013
 Opening date 2015 est.
 Construction cost PKR 449 million
 Owner(s) Government of Pakistan
 Dam and spillways
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 Type of dam Gravity

 Height 105 feet
 Length 250 feet
 Reservoir
 Total capacity 810 acre feet
 Catchment area 42 sq mile
5 Methods of finding catchment area

5.1 Manually
Before the invention of software and other modern devices the catchment area was calculated
manually. Usually the catchment area is of complicated shape so it was a difficult task. The
area was calculated by dividing the whole area into smaller shaper whose area could be find
easily
 Simpson's rule
 trapezoidal rule
 or other survey methods
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 give and take method
5.2 By software
By the invention of software the catchment area is calculated easily just by some clicks
 Q GIs
 Arch GIs
 AutoCAD
5.2.1 Calculation in QGIS
STEP 1
First of all we loaded the scan image of base map in QGIS
STEP 2
We geo referenced the base map as a raster image in QGIS by assigning the real
world coordinates to it.
STEP 3
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Then we captured the coordinates of the boundary of the catchment area through
coordinate capture plugin and prepared a text file from them. We added this delimited
text file to QGIS and it resulted in a polygon representing the catchment area.
STEP 4
Finally we measured the catchment area through field calculator.
5.2.2 Calculation in AutoCAD

Steps: In auto cad the topo sheet was uploaded
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1) First of all we inserted a raster image of Gandhao khwar in the AutoCAD
2) After adding a raster image then we aligned the scale with line of length equal to one
unit using align command.
3) After alignment, we used polyline command to draw the boundary of Ghandao khwar
looking to the contours of map with great care.
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4) After drawing the boundary we calculated the area of boundary Using area command.
5.3 Calculations:
Scale factor 1 inch to .789 mile
The area calculated was 53.23 inch sq. as it was the catchment area on the page to
find the real area we
Area * scale factor
53.23*.789= 41.9984
6 Results
The Gandao Dam was having a catchment area of 41.9984 sq miles

Catchment Area Calculation

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1

Catchment Area Calculation

3.1 Catchment area

3.1.2 Water shed

4 Catchment area calculation

4.1 Source of data

4.2 Gandao Dam

Construction of dam started in January, 2013 and is expected to complete in 2015

 Type of dam Gravity

5 Methods of finding catchment area

 give and take method

5.2.1 Calculation in QGIS

5.2.2 Calculation in AutoCAD

1) First of all we inserted a raster image of Gandhao khwar in the AutoCAD

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