Civil Engineering Nov 2020 Review Innovations Algebra 3

1. A proposal was lost in which 600 persons Problems: 7. How long will it take to pay off a debt of $880
voted; the same persons having voted again on 2. How many three-digit numbers are not if $25 is paid the first month, $27 the second
the same proposal, it was carried by twice as divisible by 3? Answer: 600 month, $29 the third month, etc.?
many as it was before lost by and the new Answer: 20 months
majority is to the former as 8:7. How many 3. Find the sum of n consecutive odd integers
beginning with 1. Answer: n2
8. How many terms in the arithmetic sequence 24,
changed their minds? Answer: 150 22, 20, ... are needed to give the sum of 150?
4. Three numbers are in an arithmetic sequence Write the terms.
Sequences and Series whose sum is 21 and whose product is 280. Answer: 10 and 15
Find the sum of their squares. For n = 10: 24, 22, 20, 18, 16, 14, 12, 10, 8, 6
Sequence is a succession of numbers formed Answer: 165
For n = 15: 24, 22, 20, 18, 16, 14, 12, 10, 8, 6, 4, 2, 0, -2, -4
according to some fixed rule. Example is 1, 8, 27, 64, 5. Show that if the sides of a triangle are in
125, ... which is a sequence so that the nth term is arithmetic sequence, their ratio is 3:4:5. 9. Determine the arithmetic sequence whose sum
given by n3. to n terms is n2 + 2n. Answer: 3, 5, 7, 9, ...
6. In a potato race, 8 potatoes are placed 6 ft apart
Series is the indicated sum of a sequence of on a straight line, the first being 6 ft from the 10. Three numbers are in an arithmetic sequence
numbers. Thus, basket. A contestant starts from the basket and such that the sum of the first and third is 12 and
puts one potato at a time into the basket. Find the product of the first and second is 24. Find
a1 + a2 + a3 + ... + an + ...
the total distance she must run in order to finish the sum of these three numbers. Answer: 18
is the series corresponding to the sequence the race. Answer: 432 ft.
11. Three numbers are the ratio 2:5:7. If 7 is
a1, a2, a3, ..., an, ...
7. A besieged fortress is held by 5,700 men who subtracted from the second, the resulting
have provisions for 66 days. If the fortress loses numbers form an arithmetic sequence.
Arithmetic Progression (A.P.) 20 men each day, for how long will the Determine the original numbers. Ans: 28, 70, 98
A sequence of numbers is in A.P. if any number provisions hold out? Answer: 76 days
after the first is obtained by adding a fixed number 12. Compute the sum of all integers between 100
to the one immediately preceding it. The fixed and 800 that are divisible by 3. Answer: 104,850
For Practice:
number that is added is called the common 13. A slide of uniform grade is to be built on a level
1. Find the 16th term of the arithmetic sequence:
difference, d. surface and is to have 10 supports equidistant
4, 7, 10, ... Answer: 49
from each other. The heights of the longest and
Example: 2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17 2. Determine the sum of the first 12 terms of the shortest supports will be 42'6" and 2'
arithmetic sequence: 3, 8, 13, ... Answer: 366 respectively. Determine the required height of
Formulas for A.P. the 6th support starting from the shortest.
3. Find the 40th term and the sum of the first 40
d = a2 − a1 = a3 − a2 = a4 − a3 = ... Answer: 24'6"
terms of the arithmetic sequence: 10, 8, 6, ...
an = a1 + (n − 1)d or an = am + (n − m)d
Answer: a40 = -68, S40 = -1160 14. A freely falling body, starting from rest falls 16
4. Which term of the sequence 5, 14, 23,... is 239? ft during the first second, 48 ft during the
n n Answer: 27th second second, 80 ft during the third second,
Sn
=
2
( a1 + an ) or S=
n
2
 2 a1 + (n − 1)d  etc. Calculate the distance it falls during the
5. Compute the sum of the first 100 positive fifteenth second. Answer: 464 ft
integers exactly divisible by 7. Answer: 35,350
Harmonic Progression (H.P.) 15. How many arithmetic means will be inserted
A sequence of numbers are in H.P. if their 6. How many consecutive integers, beginning between 1 and 36 so that the sum of the
reciprocals form an A.P. with 10, must be taken for their sum to equal resulting arithmetic sequence will be 148.
2035? Answer: 55 Answer: 6
Example: 1/2, 1/5, 1/8, 1/11, 1/14, 1/17
: