Mec-008 Eng

0 4 2 S CI
No. of Printed Pages : 4 MEC-008
MASTER OF ARTS (ECONOMICS)

Term-End Examination
December, 2015
MEC-008 : ECONOMICS OF SOCIAL SECTOR

AND ENVIRONMENT
Time : 3 hours Maximum Marks : 100
Note : Attempt questions from each section as per
instructions given.
SECTION A
Answer any two questions from this section in about

500 words each. 2x20=40
1. What is the need for government regulation in the
environmental context ? Describe the policy
instruments for government regulation.
2. Briefly highlight the importance of valuation of
environment. What are the various functions of
the environment that should be taken into
account to estimate its total economic value ?
3. Briefly outline the importance of environmental
accounting. What adjustments would you carry
out in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) to obtain
Environmentally Adjusted National Domestic
Product (EDP) ?
4. Critically examine the decision-making process of
seeking education using cost-benefit analysis.
MEC-008 1 P.T.O.
SECTION B
Answer any five questions from this section in about

5. Critically examine the role of private sector in

provision of health services. What sort of
intervention by the government is needed in this
context ?
6. Briefly outline the market-based instruments

available to the government for abatement of
pollution.
7. Provide a brief review of environmental policy of

India in the context of air pollution.
8. Briefly review the major debates surrounding

poverty line in India.
9. Explain how a Pigouvian tax can be imposed to

internalise externalities.
10. Explain the important features of bionomic

model as applied to the problem of fishery.
11. Bring out the major concerns of institutional

economics.
12. Write short notes on the following :

(a) Contingent Valuation Method
(b) Barker's In-Utero Hypothesis
MEC-008 2
00932 Term-End Examination

June, 2014
MEC-008 : ECONOMICS OF SOCIAL SECTOR AND

ENVIRONMENT
Note : Answer questions from each section as directed.
SECTION I

1. Distinguish between the concepts of growth and
development. Explain the relationship between
economic growth and income inequality as
postulated by Kuznets.
2. Explain how undefined property rights lead to
"tragedy of the commons". Explain how the game
theoretic approach is helpful in resolving the
problem.
3. Describe the important methods by which cost
sharing in higher education is possible. How is
`earmarking' helpful in educational finance ?
4. Describe the major areas in which modifications
to incorporate the contribution of natural
resources are suggested in the National Income
Accounts.
MEC-008 1 P.T.O.
SECTION II

5. What are the practical limitations faced by
developing countries in the development of
`environmental accounts' ?
6. Outline various alternative approaches for
measuring the economic value of education.
7. Distinguish between the concepts of the
following :
(a) QALYs and DALYs
(b) Contingent valuation and Travel cost
method
8. Discuss the concept of public-private dichotomy
in providing health care services.
(a) Emission Trading
(b) Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
10. Bring out the central message in Barker's
hypothesis.
11. Outline methods of valuation of environment.
12. Explain the links between food intake, social
exclusion and health.
MEC-008

June, 2015
04706
AND ENVIRONMENT
instructions given.
SECTION A

500 words each. 2 x 20=40
1. What is meant by Environmentally-adjusted net
Domestic Product (EDP) ? What modifications in
GDP are required to obtain EDP ?
2. What is meant by user charge ? Do you agree
that user charges should be imposed on health
services ? Give arguments in support of your
answer.
3. Discuss the main policy measures in India for
conservation of environment. What are the
factors that lead to poor implementation of
environmental laws ?
4. What is meant by total economic value of
environment ? Summarise important functions of
environment and state how they can be valued.
MEC-008 1 P.T.O.
SECTION B

250 words each. 5x 12=60
5. What is meant by market failure ? What are the

major sources of market failure in the context of
environment ?
6. Bring out the major concerns of New

Institutional Economics.
7. Briefly highlight the techniques of manpower

planning.
8. What are the important factors that influence

demand for education ?
9. Provide a brief overview of various market-based

instruments for pollution abatement.
10. Critically examine the linkages among poverty,

inequality and development.
11. Explain the major principles of health care

financing. What are the major constraints in this
context in developing economies ?

(a) Coase theorem
(b) Management of Common Property
Resources in India
MEC-008 2
No. of Printed Pages : 4 I MEC-0081
0 MASTER OF ARTS (ECONOMICS)

CO
June, 2016
AND ENVIRONMENT

Note : Answer questions from both sections as per instructions.
SECTION A -
Answer any two questions from this section in

about 500 words each. 2x20=40
1. How is poverty defined ? What are its different
measures ?
2. Explain the rationale of including the changes in

the level of natural resources in national income
accounting. What are the modifications that need
to be made in usual estimation of GDP so that
environmental degradation is taken into
account ?
3. Distinguish between private and social demand

for education. Explain important factors that
determine the demand for education.
4. What are the limitations of considering the level

of income as an indicator of development ?
Explain how Human Development index
overcomes such limitations.
MEC-008 1 P.T.O.
SECTION - B
Answer any five questions from this section in
5. Critically analyse the techniques of manpower
forecasting.
6. Explain the role of natural resources in

development.
7. Critically discuss the indicators measuring

disability burden.
8. Explain briefly the major thrust areas of

institutional economics.
9. Highlight the major arguments in support of

government intervention in an economy.
10. Write short notes on :

(a) Human Development Index
(b) Information asymmetry and adverse
selection
11. Explain how the demand for health care gets

influenced in the presence of health insurance ?
12. Explain the contingent valuation method of

valuing environment.
MEC-008 2
No. of Printed Pages : 4 MEC - 008

tr) June, 2011
O
AND ENVIRONMENT
Note : Attempt questions from both sections as for instructions.
SECTION - A
1. What are the rationale for government

intervention in the market ? Briefly outline the
policy instruments available for government
intervention.
2. Do you agree with the statement that private

sector can provide quality higher education ?
Substantiate your answer in light of various
studies in India.
3. Give a brief outline of the measures of economic

development. Point out the limitations of these
measures.
4. What is meant by green GDP ? How do you

measure it ?
MEC-008 1 P.T.O.
SECTION - B
5. Distinguish between use-value and non-use value

of environment.
6. Provide a brief account of market - based policy

instruments for reduction in environmental
pollution.
7. Critically examine the role of pollution control

boards in regulation of pollution in India.
8. Examine the relationship between economic

development and health. What are the important
factors that determine health status of the
population ?
9. Explain how the demand for healthcare gets

influenced in the presence of health insurance.
10. Explain the techniques used for manpower

forecasting.

(a) ISO-14001 certification
(b) Environmental accounting in India.
MEC-008 2
No. of Printed Pages : 4 I MEC-008 I
"!••••
Do
December, 2018
o
AND ENVIRONMENT'
instructions given.
SECTTON - A
about 500 words eadi : 2x20=40
1. The population biology of a fishery is given by

F(x)=ax — bx2, where x =stock and
F(x)= growth. Find the maximum sustainable
yield and its corresponding population.
2. What are the different health insurance

mechanisms used to pool health risks ? Should
user charges be levied for public health care
services ? Critically examine.
3. Distliiguish between growth and development.

Explain the relationship between economic
growth and economic inequality as postulated by
Kuznets.
MEC-008 1 P.T.O.
4. In the traditional system of national accounts,
what modifications are required to account for
environmental changes ?
SECTION - B
250 words each : 5x12=60
5. Does the presence of pecuniary externalities cause

market failure ? Explain.
6. What is meant by "total economic value of

environment" ?
7. Critically examine the techniques of man power

forecasting.
8. Provide a brief over view of environmental policies

in India.

(a) Types of educational financing in India
(b) Coase's Theorem
10. Explain the implications of the fundamental

theorems of welfare economics.
11. Briefly discuss the major debates surrounding

poverty line in India.
12. Critically examine the linkages among poverty,
inequality and development.
MEC-008 2
December, 2017

AND ENVIRONMENT
SECTION - I
1. Discuss the implications of 'functional distribution

of income' on poverty.
2. Do you think externalities and public goods are

closely related ? Explain the difference between
the two by means of an example.
3. The difference in the treatment of "natural

resources and other tangible assets provide
misleading signals to policy planners". Explain
with an example.
4. What is Co ordination failure in common property

resource management ? Explain with an example.
MEC-008 1 P.T.O.
SECTION - II
5. Outline the alternative methods for measuring the

economic value of education.
6. What are the factors which influence the supply

of health care ?
7. How does poverty affect the marginalised sections

of society ?
8. Illustrate some situations where government

regulation is required.
9. As per Douglas North, what are the crucial

determinants of the efficiency of markets ?
10. Distinguish between direct use value and indirect

use value of environment with an example.
11. State the limitations of growth-accounting/

residual analysis approach to education planning.
12. Why does health insurance fail sometimes even

in well established market economies ?
MEC-008 2
•:;1- MASTER OF ARTS (ECONOMICS)
U) Term-End Examination
December, 2012

AND ENVIRONMENT

SECTION-A
1. Highlight the major areas in which modifications

to incorporate the contribution of natural
resources are suggested in the national income
accounts.
2. Highlight the major debates surrounding the

poverty line as a measure of poverty in India.
3. What are the major areas covered by the

Environment Act ? Critically examine the issues
related to implementation of these areas.
MEC-008 1 P.T.O.
4. Briefly describe the various types of market-based
instruments available for regulating
environmental degradation. What are the factors
that should be taken into account while making
a choice among them ?
MEC-008 2
SECTION - B
Answer any five questions from this section
in about 250 words each : 5x12=60
5. Explain the major issues related to supply
demand aspects of health insurance.
6. Outline the major tanets of new institutional

economics.
7. Explain the major factors that influence the

demand and supply of education.
8. Explain with the help of a diagram how optimal

provision of a 'good' cannot be realised in the
presence of externalities.
9. Critically examine the efficacy of 'joint forest

management' in controlling environmental
degradation.
10. Make a case for government intervention in the

market economy.
11. Critically examine the game theoretic approach

to management of common property resources.

(a) Relationship between poverty and
environmental degradation.
(b) Human development index.
MEC-008 3 P.T.O.
December, 2013

AND ENVIRONMENT

SECTION-A

about 500 words each : 2x20=40
1. Critically examine the effect of regulation in an
economy.
2. The population biology of a fishery is given by

F (x) = ax — bx2 where x is the stock and F (x) is
the growth. Find the maximum sustainable yield
(MSY) and its corresponding population.
3. Explain how the rate of pollution tax is decided

under ideal conditions.
Explain the procedure adopted by denison to

establish that education is a form of human
capital.
MEC-008 1 P.T.O.
SECTION-B
5. Why is economic growth essential ? Does a rise in
national income mean an all-round well-being of
everyone in an economy.
6. Explain the importance of natural resources for

development.
7. Explain the concept of pareto optimality why is it

an important criterion ?
8. Explain the implications of the fundamental

theorems of welfare economics.
9. In the context of Green Accounting, why is SEEA

considered an improvement over conventional
SNA ?
10. Explain with example how 'tragedy of the

commons' occurs ?
11. Briefly describe the alternative methods for

measuring the economic value of education.
12. The linkage of health with development is a two-

way process. Discuss.
MEC-008 2
0 December, 2016
AND ENVIRONMENT
Note : Attempt questions from both sections as per instructions.
SECTION - A
1. "Enforcement of Environment (Protection) Act is

a major challenge in India". Substantiate the
above statement.
2. What are the main health insurance mechanisms

used to pool health risks ? Should user charges be
levied for public health care services ? Critically
examine.
3. Is education important for economic development ?

Give reasons. What are the different determinants
of demand for education ?
4. What is meant by Green GDP and how do you

measure it ?
MEC-008 1 P.T.O.
SECTION - B
5. Distinguish between use-value and non-use value

of environment.

(a) Human Development Index
(b) Millennium Development Goals
7. Explain whether income is a good indicator of

development.
8. Briefly explain the various methods of abating

pollution.
9. Outline the major tenets of new institutional

economics.
10. Distinguish between national health service

systems and social health insurance systems.
11. What is meant by market failure ? Discuss in brief

the various sources of market failure.
12. Explain techniques of manpower forecasting.
MEC-008 2
C■
CO
June, 2012
O
O MEC-008 : ECONOMICS OF SOCIAL SECTOR
AND ENVIRONMENT

SECTION-A
1. Suppose you have to find the total economic value

of the forest near your locality. Explain the various
aspects of the forest you will look into and the
method of estimation of the total economic value.
2. Identify the major factors in the analysis of

demand and supply aspects of education.
3. Explain the rationale of including the changes in

the level of natural resources in national income
accounting. What are the modifications that need
to be made in usual estimation of GDP so that
environmental degradation is taken into account ?
MEC-008 1 P.T.O.
4. What are the limitations of considering income
level as the indicator of development ? Explain
how Human Development Index (HDI)
overcomes such limitations.
MEC-008 2
SECTION-B

5x12=60
about 250 words each.
5. Bring out the central message implicit in Barker's

hypothesis.
6. Bring out the major facets of the relationship

between economic development and health status
in an economy.
7. In the presence of externalities the economy

produces less of what it should produce and more
of what it should not produce. Comment.
8. Highlight the major arguments in support of

government intervention in an economy.
9. Critically examine the techniques of manpower

forecasting.
10. Provide a brief overview of environmental policies

in India.
11. Critically examine the effectiveness and feasibility

of coase's bargaining solution in solving the
problem of externality.

(a) Use of shadow prices in environmental
valuation
(b ) Types of educational financing in India.
MEC-008 3 P.T.O.
June, 2013

AND ENVIRONMENT

SECTION-A

1. Bring out the rationale for 'regulation'. Explain

the situations under which government
intervention is necessary.
2. What is coordination failure in common property

resource management ? Explain with example.
3. In the traditional system of national accounts,

what modifications are required to account for
environmental changes ?
4. Explain the issue of health insurance and its

interaction with medical market with an
illustration.
MEC-008 1 P.T.O.
SECTION - B

5. What are the implications of functional

distribution of income for poverty ?
6. Do you think that the distribution of income in a

country would indicate the use of its natural
resources.
7. Does the presence of pecuniary externalities cause

a market failure? Explain.
8. What according to Douglas North are the crucial

determinants of the efficiency of markets?
9. What is meant by 'total economic value of

environment' ?
10. Explain how cooperation is possible in a non-

cooperative game theory.
11. Explain the determinants of 'social demand for

education'.
12. In the context of healthcare services, what policy

initiatives are normally employed to increase the
contestability of participants in a market?
MEC-008 2

CD
LC) Term-End Examination
CD
CO June, 2017
CD
AND ENVIRONMENT

SECTION - I
1. Discuss the two commonly used measures of

inequality present a inequality profile of India.
2. Explain the concept of pareto optimality. Under

what conditions efficiency of market mechanism
is ensured ?
3. State the major flaws in the current system of

National Income Accounting. What modifications
are required in this system to account for the
contribution of environment ?
4. Explain the benefits of Joint Forest Management

as compared to the public management of forests.
MEC-008 1 P.T.O.
SECTION II -

about 250 words each :
5x12=60
5. Bring out the crux of the debate on 'education as

consumption versus 'education as investment'.
6. Describe the issues impacting health and

development.
7. How are renewable resources different from non-

renewable resources ? Explain with suitable
examples.
8. How does the presence of non-pecuniary

externalities cause market failure ? Explain.
9. Bring out the major focus of institutionalists in

describing the dynamics of economic issues.
10. What is meant by total economic value of

environment ?
11. Define opportunity cost with an example from

the field of education.
12. What are the major reasons cited for the inefficient
delivery of public health services in developing
countries ?
MEC-008 2

June, 2018
Off,
AND ENVIRONMENT
instructions given.
SECTION A

1. What are the limitations of considering income
level as the indicator of development ? Explain
how Human Development Index (HDI) overcomes
such limitations.
for education. Explain the important factors that
3. Explain how the rate of pollution tax is decided
under ideal conditions.
4. What is meant by 'user charge' ? Do you agree
that user charge should be imposed on health
services ? Give arguments in support of your
answer.
MEC-008 1 P.T.O.
SECTION B

5. What do you understand by market failure ? What

are the major sources of market failure in the
context of environment ?

(a) Carbon Emission Trading
(b) Moral Hazard
7. Explain a game theoretic model for management

of common property resources.
8. Critically examine the techniques of manpower

forecasting.
9. Explain how the demand for healthcare gets

influenced in the presence of health insurance.
10. Explain in brief the major thrust areas of

institutional economics.
11. Briefly outline the situations under which

regulation by the government is necessary.
12. Explain the concept of Pareto optimality. Why is

it an important criterion ?
MEC-008 2
O
cv December, 2011
O
C) MEC-008 : ECONOMICS OF SOCIAL SECTOR
AND ENVIRONMENT
SECTION - A
1. Enforcement of environment act is a major
challenge in India. Substantiate the above
statement.

for education. Explain the important factors that
3. Healthcare financing system needs special

considerations such as risk pooling. Substantiate
the above statement. Outline the various
mechanisms available to pool health risks.
4. Explain the limitations of income level as an

indicator of development. Briefly outline various
methods of measuring economic development.

MEC-008 1 P.T.O.
SECTION - B

5. What is meant by manpower forecasting ? What

are the important techniques of manpower
forecasting ?
6. Explain various types of common property

resources. Why does the tragedy of the common
Property occur ?
7. Explain the concept of shadow price with an

example. Do you think that shadow price method
is a better tool of valuation of environment than
market price method ?
8. Explain how Coase's bargaining solution works

in determining optimal quantity in the presence
of externalities.
9. Briefly outline the situations under which

government regulation is necessary.
10. Explain in brief the major thrust areas of institutional

economics.

(a) Information asymmetry and adverse
selection.
(b) Total economic value of environment
MEC-008
December, 2014

AND ENVIRONMENT
Note : Answer question from both sections as per instructions.
SECTION - A

1. What are the techniques available in literature for
manpower forecasting ? In this context explain
the MRP (Mediterranean Regional Project)
technique .
2. Explain the concept of externalities. With the help

of a suitable diagram explain how optimal
provision cannot be realised in case of public
goods.
3. What is meant by open access common property

resources ? Present a game theoretic framework
to explain the tragedy of commons.
4. What are the different health insurance

mechanisms used to pool health risks ? Should
user charges be levied for public health care
services - critically examine.
MEC-008 1 P.T.O.
SECTION - B
5. Provide brief overview of environmental policies

in India.
6. What is meant by market failure ? Discuss in brief

the sources of market failure.
7. What are the modifications suggested to the

traditional system of national accounts in order
to account for environment ?
8. Explain the role of natural resources in

development.
9. Explain briefly the major policy instruments for

regulation of monopoly.
10. Distinguish between national health service

systems and social health insurance systems.
11. Outline the major tenets of new institutional

economics.
12. What are the factors that influence demand for

education ?
MEC-008 2

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0 4 2 S CI

No. of Printed Pages : 4 MEC-008

MASTER OF ARTS (ECONOMICS)

MEC-008 : ECONOMICS OF SOCIAL SECTOR

Answer any two questions from this section in about

Answer any five questions from this section in about

5. Critically examine the role of private sector in

6. Briefly outline the market-based instruments

7. Provide a brief review of environmental policy of

8. Briefly review the major debates surrounding

9. Explain how a Pigouvian tax can be imposed to

10. Explain the important features of bionomic

11. Bring out the major concerns of institutional

12. Write short notes on the following :

MASTER OF ARTS (ECONOMICS)

00932 Term-End Examination

MEC-008 : ECONOMICS OF SOCIAL SECTOR AND

Time : 3 hours Maximum Marks : 100

Note : Answer questions from each section as directed.

Answer any two questions from this section in about

Answer any five questions from this section in about

MASTER OF ARTS (ECONOMICS)

Answer any two questions from this section in about

Answer any five questions from this section in about

5. What is meant by market failure ? What are the

6. Bring out the major concerns of New

7. Briefly highlight the techniques of manpower

8. What are the important factors that influence

9. Provide a brief overview of various market-based

10. Critically examine the linkages among poverty,

11. Explain the major principles of health care

12. Write short notes on the following :

0 MASTER OF ARTS (ECONOMICS)

Time : 3 hours Maximum Marks : 100

Answer any two questions from this section in

2. Explain the rationale of including the changes in

3. Distinguish between private and social demand

4. What are the limitations of considering the level

6. Explain the role of natural resources in

7. Critically discuss the indicators measuring

8. Explain briefly the major thrust areas of

9. Highlight the major arguments in support of

10. Write short notes on :

11. Explain how the demand for health care gets

12. Explain the contingent valuation method of

MASTER OF ARTS (ECONOMICS)

Time : 3 hours Maximum Marks : 100

Note : Attempt questions from both sections as for instructions.

1. What are the rationale for government

2. Do you agree with the statement that private

3. Give a brief outline of the measures of economic

4. What is meant by green GDP ? How do you

5. Distinguish between use-value and non-use value

6. Provide a brief account of market - based policy

7. Critically examine the role of pollution control

8. Examine the relationship between economic

9. Explain how the demand for healthcare gets

10. Explain the techniques used for manpower