MODULELAWONOBLI

GATI
ONSANDCONTRACTS

CHAPTER10

NATURALOBLI
GATI
ONS

Obli
gationrefer
st oc
ont rac
t
l
awst hatrequi
reapar t
yt o
ei
therd osomethi
ngorkeep
fromd oings
omething

I
.Ob
ligat
ionsar
eci
vilornat
ural
.
1.Ci
vilob
ligat
ions
-gi
ver
ightofac
tiont
ocomp
elt
hei
rper
for
manc
e.
2.Nat
uralob
ligat
ions
-isnotb
eingb
asedonp
osi
tiv
elawb
utonequi
tyandnat
urall
aw,
d
onotgr
antar
igtofac
tiont
oenf
orc
ethei
rper
for
manc
e,b
utaf
terv
olunt
ary
f
ulf
il
lmentb
ytheob
ligor
,theyaut
hor
izet
her
etent
ionofwhathasb
eend
eli
ver
edor
r
end
eredb
yreas
ont
her
eof
.Somenat
uralob
ligat
ionsar
esetf
ort
hint
hef
oll
owi
ng
ar
tic
les
.
MODULELAWONOBLI
GATI
ONSANDCONTRACTS

Vol
unt
aryf
ulf
il
lment
-debtorcomp
liedwi
thanob
ligat
ionev
eni
fheknewt
hathec
oul
dnothav
ebeenl
egal
ly
comp
elledtodoso.

Nat
urall
aw
-isoftencontr
as t
edwit
hpos
iti
vel
aw,whi
chc
ons
ist
soft
hewr
itt
enr
ulesandr
egul
ati
ons
enactedbygovernment
.

KI
NDSOFOBLI
GATI
ON
Ac
cor
dingt
oSanc
tion:
a.Ci
vilOb
ligat
ion–d
efi
nedb
yAt
r.1156,ands
anc
tioni
sjur
idi
calp
roc
ess
.
b.NaturalObl
igat
ion–b as
edonnat
urall
awandt
hemot
ivat
ioni
nful
fi
ll
ingt
he
obl
igati
onisgoodcons
cience.
c
.MoralObl
igat
ion–simil
arwit
hnat
uralob
ligat
ionswhi
char
ebas
edongood
c
ons
cienceandmoralv
alues.
I
I.Char
act
eri
sti
csofNat
uralOb
ligat
ion
Anob
ligat
ionc
anb
econs
ider
edasanat
uralob
ligat
ioni
f:
(
a)i
tisb
asedonmor
alors
oci
algr
ound
sandc
annotb
eenf
orc
ebyp
osi
tiv
e(human-
mad
e)l
aws
.
(
b)i
tisv
olunt
ary
,wi
tht
hed
ebt
orhav
ingt
heknowl
edget
hatt
heob
ligat
ionc
annotb
e
enf
orc
ebyt
hel
aw.
(
c)i
tsp
erf
ormanc
ecannotb
epr
event
edori
nval
id
atedb
ythec
our
t.
(
d)i
tcanb
erec
ogni
zedb
ythec
our
taf
teri
tsf
ulf
il
lment
;henc
e,t
hec
red
itorhast
he
r
ightt
oret
ainwhathasb
eend
oneord
eli
ver
edb
ythed
ebt
orwhohasnor
ightt
o
r
ecov
eri
t

I
II.
Exampl
esofc
irc
ums
tanc
esgi
vingr
iset
oanat
uralob
ligat
ionar
e:
(
1)Whenac
ivi
lob
ligat
ionhasb
eenext
ingui
shedb
ypr
esc
rip
tionord
isc
har
gedi
n
b
ankr
upt
cy.
(
2)Whenanob
ligat
ionhasb
eeni
ncur
redb
yap
ers
onwho,al
thoughend
owedwi
th
d
isc
ernment
,lac
ksl
egalc
apac
ity
.
(
3)Whent
heuni
ver
sals
ucc
ess
orsar
enotb
oundb
yac
ivi
lob
ligat
iont
oexec
utet
he
d
onat
ionsandot
herd
isp
osi
tionsmad
ebyad
eceas
edp
ers
ont
hatar
enul
lforwantof
f
orm.
MODULELAWONOBLI
GATI
ONSANDCONTRACTS

I
II.
Nat
uralOb
ligat
ionsmayb
edi
sti
ngui
shedf
romMor
alOb
ligat
ions

Nat
uralOb
ligat
ions Mor
alOb
ligat
ions
1.aj
uri
dic
alt
iepr
evi
ous
lyexi
sted t
her
eisnoj
uri
dic
alt
ie
b
etweent
hepar
tiesb
utb
ecaus
eof
c
ert
aini
nter
veni
ngc
aus
es,t
heyc
annot
b
eenf
orc
edi
ncour
t
2.t
hev
olunt
aryf
ulf
ill
mentb
ythed
ebt
or t
heper
for
manc
eispur
eac
tofl
iber
ali
ty
i
sal
egalf
ulf
ill
mentwi
thl
egalef
fec
t whi
chs
pri
ngsf
romb
lood
,af
fec
tionand
b
enev
olenc
e;

I
V.Nat
uralOb
ligat
ionsmayb
edi
sti
ngui
shedf
romCi
vilob
ligat
ions

Nat
uralOb
ligat
ions Ci
vilOb
ligat
ions
1.b
asednoti
npos
iti
vel
awb
uti
nequi
ty ar
isef
roml
aw,c
ont
rac
ts,quas
i-
andnat
urall
aw c
ont
rac
ts,d
eli
ctsandquas
i-d
eli
cts
2.c
annotb
eenf
orc
edi
ncour
tbec
aus
e c
anb
eenf
orc
edi
ncour
tbec
aus
ethe
t
heob
ligeehasnor
ightofac
tiont
o ob
ligeehasar
ightofac
tiont
ocompel
c
ompelper
for
manc
e per
for
manc
e.

REFERRENCE:
TheLawonOb
ligat
ionsandCont
rac
tsb
yHec
torS.DeLeon,Hec
torM.DeLeonJr
.