Rapid population growth has increased demand for food, materials, and energy, necessitating more efficient photosynthesis and conversion of photosynthetic output. The Green Revolution of the mid-20th century greatly improved agricultural yields through fertilizers, pest control, plant breeding, and mechanization, limiting famines despite population growth but not eliminating malnutrition. However, beginning in the early 1990s, the rate of yield increases for major crops like rice began to decline, and high input costs associated with sustaining agricultural production became problematic for many farmers.
Rapid population growth has increased demand for food, materials, and energy, necessitating more efficient photosynthesis and conversion of photosynthetic output. The Green Revolution of the mid-20th century greatly improved agricultural yields through fertilizers, pest control, plant breeding, and mechanization, limiting famines despite population growth but not eliminating malnutrition. However, beginning in the early 1990s, the rate of yield increases for major crops like rice began to decline, and high input costs associated with sustaining agricultural production became problematic for many farmers.
Rapid population growth has increased demand for food, materials, and energy, necessitating more efficient photosynthesis and conversion of photosynthetic output. The Green Revolution of the mid-20th century greatly improved agricultural yields through fertilizers, pest control, plant breeding, and mechanization, limiting famines despite population growth but not eliminating malnutrition. However, beginning in the early 1990s, the rate of yield increases for major crops like rice began to decline, and high input costs associated with sustaining agricultural production became problematic for many farmers.
Rapid population growth has increased demand for food, materials, and energy, necessitating more efficient photosynthesis and conversion of photosynthetic output. The Green Revolution of the mid-20th century greatly improved agricultural yields through fertilizers, pest control, plant breeding, and mechanization, limiting famines despite population growth but not eliminating malnutrition. However, beginning in the early 1990s, the rate of yield increases for major crops like rice began to decline, and high input costs associated with sustaining agricultural production became problematic for many farmers.
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Requirements for food, materials, and energy in a world
where human population is rapidly growing have created a need to
increase both the amount of photosynthesis and the efficiency of converting photosynthetic output into products useful to people. One response to those needs—the so-called Green Revolution, begun in the mid-20th century—achieved enormous improvements in agricultural yield through the use of chemical fertilizers, pest and plant- disease control, plant breeding, and mechanized tilling, harvesting, and crop processing. This effort limited severe famines to a few areas of the world despite rapid population growth, but it did not eliminate widespread malnutrition. Moreover, beginning in the early 1990s, the rate at which yields of major crops increased began to decline. This was especially true for rice in Asia. Rising costs associated with sustaining high rates of agricultural production, which required ever- increasing inputs of fertilizers and pesticides and constant development of new plant varieties, also became problematic for farmers in many countries.