Tarlac State University

College of Engineering and Technology

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Romulo Blvd., Tarlac City

The Fabrication of a Semi-Automated Fogponics System for Herb

Growing in Urban Indoor Gardening

Submitted By:

De Guzman, Phil Mark P.

Dela Cruz, Kenneth Paul H.
Figueroa, Tyrone Adan B.
Mallari, Ann Jelly Nicole C.
Tamayo, Vince P.

Submitted To:

Engr. Robert V. Marcos, Ph.D.

Date: July 2020

Introduction
 The electronics and communication field plays a significant role in almost every domain of
human lives and thus it became an integral part of it in the present age. It has penetrated every area of our
existence. It primarily deals with communication technologies and techniques along with the fundamental
electronic components, circuit designs and systems.

As technology advances, innovations are being made to meet the society’s communication,
technology and energy needs. Devices and systems used in every day are improved and alternatives are
being developed that address the issues of the world and allow to enhance life. Electronics engineering
deals with the implementation of applications, principles and algorithms developed within many related
field such as telecommunications, control systems, computer engineering, robotics, and many more.

Electronics can also be applied in various practices such as in agricultural needs. Through the
development of various indoor farming techniques, such as vertical farming, the challenges and problems
faced by the world are tackled, trying to come up with solutions for the betterment of the mass.

Vertical farming is a revolutionary approach of producing high quantities of nutritious and quality
fresh food and allows maximum crop yield which can be grown all year round, without relying on skilled
labor, favorable weather, high soil fertility and high water use.

The fogponics system is an advanced form of hydroponics and aeroponics which uses water in a
vaporized form, or fog, as the main growing environment to transfer nutrients and oxygen to enclosed
suspended plant roots, which this process is beneficial over the other systems as the plants require less
energy in root growth and mass, and are able to still sustain a large plant.

The system uses electric ultrasonic foggers to pump and vibrate under pressure to transform
nutrient and water mix into humidity. This creates a constant humid and nutrient-rich fog for plant roots,
thus with fogponics, the root system can have a full coverage as the tiny droplet size of the fog can travel
and penetrate all space around it. This study intends to innovate a hybrid to the two said systems and be
an advanced form, making it semi-automated that would produce efficient farming results and prove the
effectivity of the system.

The Semi-Automated Fogponics System includes sensors that will help in the monitoring of
the herbs to determine certain parameters. The system includes an electrical conductivity sensor which
acts as a nutrient level sensor, and a turbidity sensor to determine the clearness of the water solution.

The system works by hanging the herbs in the air which are held by a tray or foam. The herbs’
roots are suspended, so they have plenty of access to oxygen. The water is provided to the plants through
the foggers where plants grow faster because the fog can penetrate to every part of the roots. The action
of the fogger is automated by a timer controlled by a relay module connected to the microcontroller. The
inclusion of the fan is to make the fog travel through the pipes to reach the roots easier. It is automated by
a timer as well.

The general engineering principle used in the project is Electronics Engineering, particularly in
Industrial Electronics, that provides fundamental knowledge and skills applicable to electronic and
electrical components, and the devices, components and circuits used in industrial settings. The electronic
engineering principle that is present in this project relates in the field of microcontrollers.

Traditional ways of outdoor farming face off issues that obstructs the cycle of production of
plants and crops. The unusual weather patterns, poor soil conditions and invasive pests are some of the
many things that can cause farmers to have disappointing growing seasons.

In those traditional ways of farming, flood is one of the arising problems that one should be
considered because flood makes the soil condition unsafe and prone to harmful substances due to
different chemicals and toxins that are swept into the farmland, which makes the plants and crops
vulnerable to harmful materials and thus can also affect the consumer's health.

These are the patents that are related to the project: 1. Patent CA2892131A1 entitled “Fogponics
Plant Growth System” 2. Patent KR20140088760A entitled “Fogponics System”. The first two patents
are using a fogponics system, which the only medium used for growing plants is fog. 3. Patent
US3660933A entitled “Hydroponic System and Method” 4. Patent US5501037A entitled “Hydroponics
Process and Device”. These patents are using hydroponic system, which the plants’ roots are fully
submerged in the water to receive the nutrient solution. 5. Patent US20070113472A1 entitled “Aeroponic
System and Method for Plant Propagation” 6. Patent US20120297678A1 entitled “Vertical Aeroponic
Plant Growing System” 7. Patent US8904705B2 entitled “Aeroponic System and Sprayer Device for
Improved Plant Growth and Aeration”. These patents are using aeroponic system, which uses mist or
sprinkler at leaves or root for growing the plants. 8. Patent US20160178179A1 entitled “LED Grow Light
System” 9. Patent US20010048598A1 entitled “Artificial Lighting Apparatus for Young Plants using
Light Emitting Diodes as Light Source” 10. Patent US20100020536A1 entitled “Lighting System for
Growing Plants”. These patents are using grow lights as an alternate source of direct sunlight.

This project has some edge and distinct characteristic compare to the existing systems stated
above. Unlike the said patents above, this project is a semi-automated fogponics system that uses different
sensors to monitor the parameters as per the value and level of the turbidity and electrical conductivity,
which whenever a certain parameter’s value is off its prescribed value, an alarm will be sent off to alert
trouble. The alarm system includes a magnetic transducer, or a buzzer, and LED lights for both audible
and visual notice.
 It also includes grow lights that acts as an artificial sunlight to grow plants indoor, as well with
any weather condition, programmed in a certain amount of time. It also offers minimal usage of water, as
the water usage is in a controlled manner, and water from transpiration can also be re-used thus losses are
least and most does not go to waste.

Increasing indoor farming through the establishment of vertical farms is the likely solution to the
swelling human population. The argument in favor of this technology in relation to food security is
convincing, and above it has plenty more benefits too. Vertical farming allows maximum crop yield
which allows plants and crops to be grown at all times throughout the year, as it is not weather dependent.

To establish the efficiency of using the system as an alternative method on the existing ways for
growing plants can be highly recommended these days due to arising technological advancements in
order to also save time, effort and space, unlike in the traditional way of farming.

The researchers aim to develop a system which is an innovated fogponics system designed to be
semi-autonomous, specifically,

1.) To fabricate a semi-automated fogponics system with a stable technology that will aid
the farmers and solve the issues of diminishing arable lands and conservation of limited
water resources
2.) To establish the effectiveness of the system in terms of:
2.1) parameters, such as the EC and turbidity level
2.2) semi-automation
2.3) indoor farming
3.) To establish the efficiency of the system with respect to:
3.1) time
3.2) output
3.3) cost of production

The main focus of this project is the cultivation of a certain herbs and monitor its health without
using soil. The only medium for growing the herbs would be fog. With the use of mounted sensors
installed in this project, keeping the measurements of the parameters within the acceptable range is
essential in having a suitable indoor growing system, thus monitoring and maintaining the health of the
herbs can easily be done.

The only limitation this system appeals is that it is only for small-scale production for testing
procedures and for proving its working efficiency. As it is only a small-scale project, it would only allow
small number of herbs to grow in the system.
 Related Patents (Literature Review and Technical Framework)

Patent CA2892131A1 entitled “Fogponic Plant Growth System” is an invention that relates to a
modular and scalable for growing and harvesting valuable plants in a mass production environment where
each individual plant can be monitored separately. A high-pressure pump system is configured for
drawing fluid from the one or more reservoirs, a passive drain system continuously removes any
unabsorbed fluid, such that the roots of each and every plant are physically and fluidly isolated from one
another.

One spray nozzle operatively associated with the high-pressure delivery system and positioned
within each root enclosure directed towards the roots, and a control system directing the pump system and
the pressure stop valves. The dangling roots receive water and other nutrients through an atomized spray
of nutrient-laden water.

The researcher’s project has a similarity to this project because both devices use a process of
growing plants using air as the growth medium, by applying in the air to deliver necessary water nutrients
needed plant roots, it will maintain and sustain the health and growth of the plant. But this project uses
spray nozzles or misters to supply the nutrients but, in our case, we use a fogger. Also, it does not indicate
the EC value and turbidity level to monitor the total amount of solids dissolved in water and the clearness
of the water solution mix that our project has.   

  Patent KR20140088760A entitled “Fogponics System” which in this system the sprayed nutrient
solution has the advantage of supplying the nutrient to the entire plant to be planted. It includes an inlet
through which the spray nutrient solution is received from the nutrient solution supply part and an outlet
through which the spray nutrient solution is discharged, and a nutrient solution discharge part installed
above the cultivation bed, wherein the spray nutrient solution discharged from the outlet is collected in
the nutrient solution discharge part.

Fogponics equipment that is minute way of spraying a nutrient solution using ultrasonic vibration
modules aeroponic cultivation apparatus, and are generally the nutrient solution in the liquid stored inside
the planting bed which is the plant food material grown, ultrasound is provided in the cultivation bed by
vibration module is of a type wherein a nutrient solution of the liquid spray. The Fogponics system is
similar to our project because both devices also use a process of growing plants using fog as the growth
medium. Both use a fogger to create a thick fog to supply necessary water nutrients solution needed by
the plants’ roots to maintain its health and growth. But this patent is not automated and does not indicate
the EC level and the turbidity that has in our project.  

Patent US3660933A is entitled “Hydroponics System and Method” is a system for growing plants
in an aqueous nutrient solution and including troughs for conducting a predetermined level of nutrient
solution, is disclosed. The solution is supplied to each trough by a branch pipe extending the length of the
trough and including a plurality of outlets spaced at uniform intervals. The nutrients are thereby dispersed
relatively evenly along the length of the trough.

Each outlet has an associated aspirator or educator whereby air is entrained by the solution
issuing from the outlet thereby providing substantially uniform aeration of the nutrient solution. Each
plant is supported by a receptacle having an open bottom through which the plant stem extends.

The Hydroponics system and Method has a similarity to our project because both of them are for
indoor gardening and does use methods of growing plants without using any soil. But in our project, we
use vaporized liquid as the growing medium so the plants are grown in a fogged environment where
continual or timed misting keeps the roots from drying out and supplies the nutrient solution, while this
patent uses water as the growing medium for the plants to absorb nutrients by the water cycle of floods on
the roots.

Patent US5501037A is entitled “Hydroponics Process and Device” which the object of the
invention is to provide a process and a device for hydroponic raising of plants in a vegetal vessel filled up
with a substrate, by conveying a nutrient solution into the roots feeding zone, wherein the supply of the
nutrient solution is carried out by way of aerosol irrigation of the substrate surface at time intervals and
with the periodicity and duration of irrigation depending on ambient air temperature.

The device for the implementation of the process comprises a collector of the nutrient solution, a
pump, a vegetal vessel with a drain connection, the upper portion of which accommodates a distributor of
the nutrient solution made in the form of a tube which lower part is perforated, the said tube being placed
at a distance above the substrate surface.

The Hydroponics Process and Device is similar in our project because both of them are also use
in indoor gardening and use methods of growing plants without the use of soil. But in our project, we use
fog as the growing medium, while this patent uses water as the growing medium so the plants will absorb
nutrients by way of aerosol irrigation.

Patent US20120297678A1 is entitled “Vertical Aeroponic Plant Growing System” wherein the
planting sites are vertically aligned allowing for the growth of plants in a fraction of the space necessary
for traditional plant growing. The aeroponic system including a vertical frame, a plurality of orifices
placed on the vertical frame, a container placed on at least one of the orifices, a fluid dispenser located in
the interior of the vertical frame. In this method, the roots of the plant are exposed to an atomized nutrient
solution, with the leaves and crown extending above a container holding the plant.

The Vertical Aeroponic Plant Growing System is similar to our project because both of them use
methods of growing plants without using soil, but air as the medium of growth for the plants. But in our
project, we use an ultrasonic fogger to create a thick fog to supply the nutrient solution on the suspended
roots of the plant, while this patent uses a mister that will spray water with nutrient solution to the air to
keep the roots from drying and dying out.

Patent US8904705B2 entitled “Aeroponic System and Sprayer Device for Improved Plant
Growth and Aeration” is a growing system, a double T-shaped sprayer design and method for cultivating
larger plant crops and increasing harvest frequency. The system comprises a series of aeroponic growing
units, each of which supports a plant's roots within an enclosure. The enclosure houses a sprayer, an
interior volume of plant nutrient solution and a plumbing system for accepting and distributing the
aqueous water-nutrient solution.

The internal sprayer is a double T-shaped mister that sprays an atomized mist directed from a first
set of nozzles onto the plant roots, along with a second set of nozzles directed toward the base of the
enclosure to aerate the interior volume of plant nutrient solution. The T-shaped mister provides
circumferential coverage of the plant roots. This patent is for improved plant growth and aeration and
similar to our project which both use methods of growing plants without requiring any soil, and uses air
as the medium for plant growth. In our project, we use an ultrasonic fogger, while this patent uses a
mister.

Patent US20070113472A1 is entitled “Aeroponic System and Method for Plant Propagation” is a
system for propagating plants, or seeds, includes a chamber, a cooling system and a liquid delivery
system. The cooling system is coupled to the chamber which includes a top portion for supporting plants
and seeds. The top portion may include orifices to which holders may be connected. In addition, the
chamber contains a liquid, which may include a nutrient solution.

The liquid is delivered to the plants or seeds by the liquid delivery system and maintained within
a liquid temperature range by the cooling system. The system may be adapted to propagate different types
of seeds and plants. Both the said patent and our project use methods of growing plants without using soil
and by having air as the growing medium. Although the said patent uses a mister that sprays water to the
air to keep the roots from drying out and supplies the nutrient solution, our project uses an ultrasonic
fogger to create fog to deliver the nutrient solution to the roots of the plants.
 Patent US20160178179A1 is entitled “LED Grow Light System” is a lighting system for growing
plants. The grow light system can have a carrier board assembly containing a plurality of apertures and a
plurality of LED modules that are removable and engaged with the carrier board in the apertures and
forming a gap between LED module and the carrier board. The grow light system can be configured to
draw air through the gap over the LEDs and along the heat sink fin to reduce the temperature of the LED
module.

The LED Grow Light System’s similarity to our project is the usage an artificial light to provide
the light needed by the plant in the system. But in this patent, it solely provides artificial light to support
the life of the plant, while in our project that also provides the supply of water nutrients and as well as
monitoring system for the health of the plant.

Patent US20010048598A1 is entitled “Artificial Lighting Apparatus for Young Plants Using
Light Emitting Diodes as Light Source” is a device that includes at least one electric track and a plurality
of lamps. The lamps are detachably mounted on the electric track. Each of the lamps includes a plurality
of first light emitting diodes, a plurality of second light emitting diodes and a mounting box. The first and
second light emitting diodes are alternately arranged. The electric track supplies the lamps with power to
light the first and second light emitting diodes. The driver provides the controlling capability on light
quantity, quality, frequency and duty ratio.

This patent has its similarity to our project in terms of the usage an artificial light to provide
alternative sunlight for the plant. Also, both system uses an interval to the switching time of the light. But
in this patent, it only provides artificial light for the plant, dissimilar to our project where it provides
supply of water nutrients, as well as a monitoring system for the plant.

Patent US20100020536A1 entitled “Lighting System for Growing Plants” is a lighting system
that includes a first LED array which consist of a plurality of LED sub-arrays, and a plurality of inputs
operatively coupled to a corresponding LED sub-array through a controller. The intensity of light emitted
by the LED sub-arrays is adjustable in response to adjusting input signals provide by the inputs, to drive a
wavelength spectrum of the first LED array to match the action spectrum of a physiological activity of a
plant.

The Lighting System for Growing Plants is similar to our project since our system also includes
an artificial light to provide the light needed by the plant. Although the said patent only provides artificial
light as a light source for the plant, contrasting our system which deliver the nutrients solution mix though
fog, with close monitoring on its health.
Technical Representation

The figure above is the layout of the connections of the semi-automated fogponics system
 The figure above is the flowchart of the semi-automated fogponics system working configuration

Here are the technical issues that the project may encounter in the future. Running the foggers in
the system may lead to salt build up over time, which can clog the foggers and hinder the operation of the
system in plants’ development. This means that it will need cleaning to ensure the system will run
effectively. Also, as the fogponics relies on the electricity to run the whole system it is susceptible to a
power outage, thus wherever the power is off, the production of fog will stop and plants will not able to
get the moisture and nutrients they need, hence they might dry out fast and the wilting can be expected.
Another issue is that when running continuously for a long time, the fogger will warm the reservoir. The
heat emitted by the fogger can dry and evaporate the fog and the roots can dry out subsequently.
Additional technical issue the system raises is the malfunctioning of sensors, which if not industrial grade
materials, the sensors can be easily damaged. This can disintegrate the whole system’s process of growing
the plants by not accurately giving off measures, as well as if not correctly calibrated.

Methodology

Fresh herbs add healthy nutrients to your diet. They’re plant based foods that offer Vitamins,
antioxidants, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory benefits. They also provide abundant flavor to any dish.

Herb farming requires a great deal of effort and time to ensure that the plants are healthy, fresh
and properly nurtured, especially in indoor farming, where monitoring at times is still a complex work.
Traditional farming is now being replaced with systems much more efficient process with the aid of
technology.

The semi-automated fogponics system is one example of a technology being developed to be

more efficient, easy to use and effective as well as an alternative of the existing manual systems. With
this technological innovation, it can help the grower closely monitor the plants and maintain balance on
the parameters to safeguard its health.

This research project used a method of qualitative research because it includes a method of
constant observation and gathering of data on how to effectively and efficiently monitor and maintain the
health and growth of the plants. This type of research helps the researchers to acquire knowledge to
improve this project.
 To establish the fabrication of the fogponics with a stable technology, the researchers came up
with a design in a way that it can be easily operated with basic setups. The initial mock-up design was
finalized and was made using the application “SketchUp Pro 2018”. The fogponics system has two rack,
one for the reservoir and the other one is for the plant. The first rack, which is the reservoir, includes the
sensors, fogger and fan. Also in the first rack are the power supply and circuit connections. The sensors
are used for measuring the parameters, the fogger is use to create a fog that will provide nutrients and the
fan will aid the fog to pass through the pipes easier. The other rack, which has 2 layers, is for the herb’s
growing environment enclosed in fine net. It has two grow light strip for each layer of the rack. It is also
wheeled, for easier transport. The grow light will serve as the artificial sunlight for the plant for its
growth. The Arduino UNO’s Atmega328 Microcontroller will serve as the main controller of the whole
system.

The figures above are the initial design of the Semi-Automated Fogponics System

As for the testing procedures, an initial testing was done to assess the whole system if it’s
working by checking if the sensors are not malfunctioning, calibrated and the connection of the
components are correct. The sensors are working and functioning properly if there’s an output on the
LCD display which is the same with manual testing of the parameters to get the accuracy and reliability.
 For the second testing, the sensors were tested individually. For the EC, or electrical conductivity,
the researchers shall increase or decrease the nutrient solution to know whether the EC sensor is working
by monitoring the values displayed on the LCD if there is a change in the result. As for the Turbidity, to
know if the results are right, the researchers will try to add suspended matter to determine whether the
results will change.

For the third testing, the modules connected on the sensor will be programmed certain value of
acceptable range of the sensors’ reading. The collected data will be shown in the LED display. If the data
exceeded or did not meet the amount of level needed or prescribed, LED lights and a buzzer will turn on
as an alarm.

To enhance the system’s design, the initial mock-up design will be remodeled using again the
application “SketchUp Pro 2018” to achieve a better appearance. Instead of using a cabinet to enclose the
whole system, the rack is enclosed with fine net to cover the plants, for oxygen access all around the
device, as well as protection from unwanted insects or pests.

To run the final testing, the whole system will be tested if it’s properly working by observing the
plant if it’s growing and maintaining its health. The plants that the researchers will be using as the basis
for testing are sweet basil and thyme, in cuttings. The researchers will monitor the herbs for one week to
determine whether it will dry out. Also, to know if using fog or vaporized liquid as the growing medium
for the supply of the nutrient solution is effective in growing plants faster than the traditional ways.

To establish the effectiveness of this project, the researchers should take account of all the scopes
of the research. The first variable to evaluate its effectiveness is in terms of the parameters, we need to
maintain the health of the plant by monitoring the EC and Turbidity level of the nutrient solution mixture.
By measuring the EC, or electrical conductivity, the idea on how much ionic nutrients are in the water can
be determined thus specific corrections can be made. Measuring the water turbidity shows how clear the
water is in the reservoir. It will help the gardeners to know whether they need to change the water
solution or not. Maintaining the water moisture so the roots will remain not too dry and not too wet will
help the growers improve the production of the plants. With these parameters, it shall aid the planters in
monitoring and maintaining the health of the plants. The second variable is in terms of the semi-
automation, that it will provide the convenience of lesser manual work. This will help the growers to
focus more in the monitoring of the health of the plants. The third variable is terms of making it an indoor
gardening system. Indoor farming is a method of growing crops or plants entirely indoors. It uses grow
light that acts as artificial sunlight which shall provide plants with the nutrients and light required for its
growth. The lights are programmed to set ON and OFF in a specific period of time to prevent them from
overheating and prevent the plants from over exposure in light.
 To establish the efficiency of this project, the researchers have formed variables that will help to
assess the efficiency of the project. The first variable is the time element, where this variable will
determine if the proposed system can help the growers save their time, as well as fasten the growth rate of
the plants, or at least reciprocate it. By comparing it to the existing systems or traditional ways, the time
needed to grow the plants with manual labor will be measured and compared to the grow time when using
the existing systems using past researches as a basis. The second variable is the output, with this system,
the researchers ensures the efficiency of this project with respect to the quality of the output in healthiness
and freshness of the herbs. The third variable is in terms of cost of maintenance or production, where the
system proposes a lesser consumption in water usage, fertilizer or nutrient solution and manpower in the
sense of monitoring. This would establish the efficiency of the fogponics system than the traditional
labor, as well as the existing systems.

The researchers came up with a solution of mounting sensors in the system, which provides the
monitoring of some important parameters in which the plants needed to grow healthier. This project will
save more time because it will provide the precise data needed to identify the status of the system.
Through these sensors, the growers will no longer spend so much time to monitor the plants and also the
factors that can badly affects the health of the plants can be reduced.

The efficiency of this project is regarded to the specific problem in the growth of the plants.
Previous fogponics system incurs difficulties in the monitoring and maintaining the health of the plants
due to absence of sensors. With this project, the parameters in maintaining the health of the plant is
automatically measured, thus ensures the well-being of the plants.

Results

Presentation of Data

1. Fabrication of Semi-Automated Fogponics System

The researchers were able to fabricate and develop the semi-autonomous fogponics system which
was able to monitor the condition of the nutrient solution to sustain the plants’ health by using
sensors in order to monitor and keep the solution mixture safe for the plant’s intake. The electrical
conductivity sensor which checks the level of mixture of the nutrient solution in the water, and the
turbidity sensor which is designed to check the thickness or clearness of the water. Once one of these
parameters went off its prescribed range of values, the LED which serves as the alarm will turn on,
 with warning sign displaying in the LCD Display indicating where the error lies, and a buzzer for
sound alarm.

2. Testing to Determine the system’s effectiveness

Analysis of Data/Summary of Findings

Having tested the system for 8 consecutive hours, the researchers have been able to prove that the
electronic components present in the system function well in that span of time. Also, in 3-4 days, all the
plant cuttings already have gotten roots and all the plants are healthy in the following days.

Conclusions and Recommendation

Based from the data gathered during testing, the researchers concluded that the used of different
sensors/ technologies helps in achieving the efficiency of the system, also the used of semi-Automated
Fogponics is much better than manual fogponics when it comes to effectiveness. It can help finish the
planting faster with making it suitable for small or large – scale applications.

The researchers suggest changing the sensors used into industrial for longer purposes. The
researchers also recommend putting Uninterruptible Power Supply, also the used of greenhouse for larger
scale helps to earn profit in shorter period of time. The researchers also suggest that by fully automating
the system will helps the growers lessen their manual work.

COST ESTIMATION
FRAME
ANGLE BAR 4 pcs 330 1320
FLAT BAR 3 pcs 170 510
3 INCHES METAL ROLLERS 4 pcs 172.5 690
LISO(0.6mm) 3 rolls 240 720
SINTRA BOARD 2 pcs 285 570
PVC PIPE (10ft) 1 pc 295 295
CONTAINER 1 pc 229.75 229.75
HINGE 4 pcs 50 200
BRASS LOCK 25MM 1 pc 39 39
PVC ELBOW PIPE 6 pcs 60 360
PVC T-PIPE 2 pcs 45 90
SUB-TOTAL 5,023.75
ELECTRONIC DEVICES
FOGGER W/ POWER 1 pc 4500 4500
SUPPLY
LCD WITH I2C(4x20) 1 pc 250 250
RGB 1 whole set, 5m 436 436
SUB-TOTAL 5,186
SENSORS
ANALOG ELECTRICAL 1 pc 3,700 3700
CONDUCTIVITY METER
TURBIDITY 1 pc 625 625
SUB-TOTAL 4,325
MICROCONTROLLER
ARDUINO UNO 2 pcs 320 640
SUB-TOTAL 640
OTHERS
WIRES(25AWG) 15m 10 150
STYRO CUP 3 sets 25 75
FOAM 180 180
SNAP HYDROPONIC 1 set 285 285
SOLUTION
pH UP&DOWN LIQUID 1 set 250 250
SOLUTION
BATTERY (9V) 2 pcs 65 130
SUB-TOTAL 1070

TOTAL=16,244.75

APPENDIX
 A-1 Core of the system

A-2.LCD Display with its buzzer

A-3. Rack with plants

A-4. CONTAINER
A-5. FRONT VIEW OF THE SYSTEM

A-6. Back side view of the system