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    UNEP - Viet Nam

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    Hai Anh
    The document discusses ensuring sustainable practices in Vietnam's extractive industries. It notes that while extraction boosts economic growth, it can also degrade the environment and threaten public health if not properly managed. Vietnam has laws requiring environmentally sound extraction, but enforcement has not covered all areas, allowing some illegal mining. To further ensure sustainability, Vietnam believes countries should cooperate under the UN to inventory resources, regulate extraction technologies and waste cleanup, and shift energy policies towards renewable energy.

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    UNEP - Viet Nam

    Uploaded by

    Hai Anh
    40 views2 pages
    The document discusses ensuring sustainable practices in Vietnam's extractive industries. It notes that while extraction boosts economic growth, it can also degrade the environment and threaten public health if not properly managed. Vietnam has laws requiring environmentally sound extraction, but enforcement has not covered all areas, allowing some illegal mining. To further ensure sustainability, Vietnam believes countries should cooperate under the UN to inventory resources, regulate extraction technologies and waste cleanup, and shift energy policies towards renewable energy.

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    The document discusses ensuring sustainable practices in Vietnam's extractive industries. It notes that while extraction boosts economic growth, it can also degrade the environment and threaten public health if not properly managed. Vietnam has laws requiring environmentally sound extraction, but enforcement has not covered all areas, allowing some illegal mining. To further ensure sustainability, Vietnam believes countries should cooperate under the UN to inventory resources, regulate extraction technologies and waste cleanup, and shift energy policies towards renewable energy.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    40 views2 pages

    UNEP - Viet Nam

    Uploaded by

    Hai Anh
    The document discusses ensuring sustainable practices in Vietnam's extractive industries. It notes that while extraction boosts economic growth, it can also degrade the environment and threaten public health if not properly managed. Vietnam has laws requiring environmentally sound extraction, but enforcement has not covered all areas, allowing some illegal mining. To further ensure sustainability, Vietnam believes countries should cooperate under the UN to inventory resources, regulate extraction technologies and waste cleanup, and shift energy policies towards renewable energy.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

    Position Paper

    Committee: United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)


    Topic: Ensuring eco-friendly and sustainable practices in extractive activities
    Country: Viet Nam

    Extractive industry is exponentially attaining larger scales of operation all over the world,
    alongside with a groundswell of debates and opinions over its promises and pitfalls. Resource
    extraction is indisputably a huge boost to the regional and global economic growth. However,
    fast-paced extraction also has a causal link to environmental degradation, be it increased
    pollution, green house emissions or biodiversity loss. Even worse, if improperly planned and
    managed, extraction may well threatens health of people living in the vicinity of operation areas.
    With a view to optimizing benefits of extraction, Viet Nam believes that all countries must
    cooperate with the United Nations to figure out appropriate strategic solutions to the existing
    conundrums.
    At the aggregate level, there has been seismic and effective contributions made to resolve the
    social and environmental externalities of mining activities. A notable example of these efforts is
    the International Council on Mining and Metals (ICMM). It is an international organization
    which brings together and represents a number of mining and metal companies and associations
    with a view to improve sustainable development performance in the mining and metals industry.
    Member companies are required to implement a regulatory framework to improve their
    sustainability performance and are required to report against their progress on an annual basis.
    Whereas, the UN Environment actively supports sustainable extraction and set strategies for the
    global transition of production away from extractives via regulatory frameworks and
    conferences. Through these resolutions, several countries have worked together under the
    auspices of the United Nations, with a stack of awareness-raising campaigns and programs
    mounted around the globe.
    Located in Southeast Asia, Vietnam is endowed with an abundant wealth of mineral resources.
    Most of such main resources are extracted by the state-owned monopolies, but the environmental
    rehabilitation and restoration in extracted areas has not been effectively and fully implemented.
    A number of mining companies conduct mining without being granted permission beforehand.
    Some of them even outdated equipment in open-pit mining to profiteer or exploit in excess of
    allowed depth, outside the licensed areas. These practices have generated a lot of environmental
    pollution and low air quality, often from noise and dust left from grinding, screening and
    transporting processes. For instance, titanium mining in Binh Dinh Province once polluted
    underground water resources, gradually killed the tracts of forests there through operations until
    its closure in 2017. Currently, illegal sand exploitation on Dong Nai river is escalating, causing
    landslides in some parts of the Dong Nai and La Nga rivers. Furthermore, bauxite mining, which
    is carried out in the Central Highlands, also discharged a large amount of red mud which causes
    environmental pollution. A great volume of electricity and underground water would be used
    during the mining process, leading to a dire shortage of water for local agricultural production. In
    response to this dreadful situation, measures have been taken by Viet Nam’s government with
    certain effects. Basically, Viet Nam has ‘The Mineral Law’ which requests enterprises to extract
    in an environmentally sound way and ensure sustainable resource extraction in the long run.
    Depending on the nature and severity of violations, violating organizations and individuals
    received strict warning, fines and even license revocation for illegitimate extraction or resource
    overexploitation. Several extraction companies which cause serious environment deterioration
    were forced to halt for not abiding by the law. However, the law enforcement has not yet fully
    covered all extractive areas and activities throughout the country, letting bandits continue to
    harm the public’s environment.
    The onus is on the legally accountable authorities and institutions to make moves towards
    sustainable extraction and use of resource endowments. Initially, as a basis for assessing the
    potential of mineral resources, inventory of the quantity and mineral reserves of existing mines
    must be carried out. In turn, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment can set optimal
    strategies to step up large-scale inspection tasks on a regular basis, ensuring that mineral
    resources are extracted properly, not wastefully, in every extractive area. Up-to-date technology
    and processes must be applied to maximize resources extracted while minimizing and clearing
    the extractive waste. Lastly, countries and extractive companies need to be braced for the
    accelerating shift now underway from fossil fuels to renewable energy, and for subsequent
    economic impact of a global phase-out of fossil fuels. Energy policies should focus on the
    deployment of renewables, upgrading the grid capacity to accommodate variable renewable
    energy.

    *Citations:

    Our Organisation. www.icmm.com/en-gb/about-us/our-organisation.

    Environment, UN. Extractives. www.unenvironment.org/explore-topics/extractives.

    Vietnamnet.vn. english.vietnamnet.vn/fms/society/180258/locals-protest-against-titanium-
    mining-in-binh-dinh.html.

    Illegal Sand Mining Discovered along Đồng Nai River. vietnamnews.vn/society/469367/illegal-


    sand-mining-discovered-along-dong-nai-river.html.

    Stricter Rules for Mineral Management and Mining. vietnamlawmagazine.vn/stricter-rules-for-


    mineral-management-and-mining-6015.html.

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