Protection Coordination

Protection coordination
Henry GRAS, 2016-06-02 5:33:00 PM
Protection coordination
1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................................... 1
2 Inputs data ........................................................................................................................................................................ 1
3 Plotting of the tripping curves ........................................................................................................................................ 1
1 Introduction
The protection coordination device is an help to quickly find the tripping time associated to the selected curves
of the overcurrent relays (51) in the design for a given fault level. The user choses what relays to investigate,
add them in the results table and then enters the fault current in pu (Per Unit).
The table displays:
- on the first column: the subcircuit path and the name of the relay: relayPath/RelayName
Warning: if the relay is in a subcircuit with multiples instances, only one of them is displayed since the setting
are the same for all.
- on the other tabs: the tripping time in seconds of each level of protection.
A1, B1 and C1 are the A, B and C phase protections for level 1 and A2, B2, C2 for level 2. N1 and N2 are the
zero-sequence protections of level 1 and 2, Q1, Q2 are the negative-sequence protections and G1, G2 are the
ground ones.
If one or several of these protections are disabled in a relay, N/A is displayed in the corresponding box.
If the fault current is smaller than the pickup current of the level, ‘none’ is displayed in the corresponding box.
The voltage restraint is not considered.
For fuses, the pre-arcing and total clearance times are displayed in the same cell (level A2), separated by '-'
(see Figure 1-1). The melting curve is in the column of level A1.
Figure 1-1: Display example for fuse
2 Inputs data
 Fault current: Fault current in pu. For each protection, this value is divided by the pickup current
which is an input parameter of the relays. The value obtained is then the abscise of the inverse curve
of the level to find the tripping time.
 Select a relay and click on add: select the relay to add it to the table. Click on Add relay to add it.
To remove a relay from the table, simply delete its name in the Relay name column and click on
3 Plotting of the tripping curves

This sections allows the user to create a text file intended to plot the inverse curves in ScopeView and thus to
visualize the coordination between relay. To proceed:
- add the relays in the tab.
EMTP-EMTPWorks, 6/2/2016 5:33:00 PM Page 1 of 4
In the section ‘Plotting of the tripping curves’:
- select the level to plot
- check the box ‘Create coordination plot file for protection level:’
Once checked, the message ‘Generation done. Click on OK to generate the text file containing the curves and
load it in ScopeView. The file is generated in the same folder of this design.
Click on OK to validate.
The text file is generated in the design folder with the name: nameOfTheDesign_cc_level.txt.
Wait a little bit and scopeView will open.
You can select then from the window 'signals' as any other plots. On the opening, the curve of the first relay of
the tab is automatically displayed as an example.
Figure 3-1: Selection of the text file in ScopeView
Figure 3-2: selection of the curves of the relays.
The curves appear. They can be superimposed by selected then (Ctrl+click) and clicking on the superimposed
button: .
The axis can be put in log in the graph Graph properties… (right click on the curves).

Figure 3-3: example of curves coordination
Transformers through-fault curves

For transformers, A1 is the curve from level 1 as normal. However, A2 is the combination of both levels and, in
the end, is the through-fault characteristic of the transformer.
Fuse curves
3 curves parameter the fuse. The first one is the melting curve, the second the pre-arc energy and the third the
clearing energy. If the level 1 is plotted, the melting curve is displayed. If level2, both the pre-arc and clearing
energy curves are displayed.
Single phase fuses and thermal elements

Single phase fuses or thermal elements can be used for coordination with neutral or ground protections of
relays. Therefore, when levels other than A1, A2, A1-2 are plotted, the curves of the single phase fuses and
thermal element for those levels are still displayed.
Plotting Options.
To display the options, click on ‘Plotting options’.

Figure 3-4: Plotting options.
 I/Ismin: Minimum value on the x-axis.

 I/Ismax: Maximum value on the x-axis.
 Delta I/Is: Calculation step of the curves points.
 Max tripping time to display: Maximum value on the y-axis for the current points above the pickup
current of the curve.
 Value when I/Is < Ipkp: Value for the current points lower than the pickup current of the curve.

Protection Coordination

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Protection coordination

Henry GRAS, 2016-06-02 5:33:00 PM

Figure 1-1: Display example for fuse

3 Plotting of the tripping curves

Figure 3-2: selection of the curves of the relays.

EMTP-EMTPWorks, 6/2/2016 5:33:00 PM Page 2 of 4

Transformers through-fault curves

Single phase fuses and thermal elements

EMTP-EMTPWorks, 6/2/2016 5:33:00 PM Page 3 of 4

 I/Ismin: Minimum value on the x-axis.

EMTP-EMTPWorks, 6/2/2016 5:33:00 PM Page 4 of 4

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