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Type of Fitting Loss Coefficient KL L/d equivalent

R
45° Elbow Standard Radius 0.35 16.1
45° Elbow Long Radius 0.20 9.2

R 0.75 34.4
90° Elbow Standard Radius
90° Elbow Long Radius 0.45 20.6

90° Square or Mitre Bend 1.30 59.6

180° Bend Standard Radius R 1.5 68.6

Tee Straight Through Flow 0.40 18.3

1.0 45.9
Tee Flow Entering Main Pipe

Tee Flow Entering Branch 1.0 45.9

1.0 45.9
Tee Branching Flow

2 2
Ê A1 ˆ Ê A ˆ
Expansion A1 V A2 45Á 1 - 1 ˜
Á 1- ˜ A2 ¯
Ë A2 ¯ Ë

Ê A ˆ Ê A ˆ
Contraction A1 V A2 0.4Á 1 - 2 ˜ 18Á 1- 2 ˜
Ë A1 ¯ Ë A1 ¯

0.04 1.8
Coupling

Union 0.04 1.8

Check Valve Swing 2.0 91.7

Check Valve Disk 10.0 458.7


100.00

KL

10.00

1.00
0 20 40 60 80 100
% open
Globe Valve - Bevel Seat

1000.00

KL

100.00

10.00

1.00
0 20 40 60 80 100
% open
Globe Valve - Plug Disc

100.00

KL

10.00

1.00
0 20 40 60 80 100
Diaphragm Valve % open
100.00

10.00

q KL

1.00

0.10
Plug Cock / Ball Valve 0 20
Angle q 40 60

100.00

10.00
q KL

1.00

0.10
Butterfly Valve 0 20
Angle q 40 60

100.00

10.00

KL

1.00

0.10
0 20 40 60 80 100
% open
Gate Valve

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