Worksheet 3.4 The Adult Trait Hope Scale (Snyder Et Al., 1991)
Worksheet 3.4 The Adult Trait Hope Scale (Snyder Et Al., 1991)
Worksheet 3.4 The Adult Trait Hope Scale (Snyder Et Al., 1991)
Worksheet 3.4 The Adult Trait Hope Scale (Snyder et al., 1991)
Directions: Read each item carefully. Using the scale shown below, please
circle the number next to each item that best describes YOU.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Definitely Mostly Somewhat Slightly Slightly Somewhat Mostly Definitely
False False False False True True True True
Scoring information
Pathways subscale score: Add items 1, 4, 6, and 8. Scores on this subscale
can range from 4 to 32, with higher scores indicating higher levels of path-
ways thinking.
Agency subscale score: Add items 2, 9, 10, and 12. Scores on this sub-
scale can range from 4 to 32, with higher scores indicating higher levels of
agency thinking.
Total hope score: Add the pathways and Agency subscales together. Scores
can range from 8 to 64, with higher scores representing higher hope levels.
Copyright © 1991 by the American Psychological Association. Adapted with permission. The
official citation that should be used in referencing this material is Snyder, C. R., Harris, C.,
Anderson, J. R., Holleran, S. A., Irving, L. M., Sigmon, S. T., Yoshinobu, L. R., Gibb, J., Langelle, C.,
& Harney, P. (1991). The will and the ways: Development of an individual-differences measure of
hope. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60, 570–585.