Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 53 views

    Intro To Fluid Mechanics & Heat Transfer

    Uploaded by

    Keith Yang
    This document discusses fluid mechanics and heat transfer concepts relevant to designing with fluids. It covers topics like containment of incompressible fluids, flow of incompressible fluids, and introduction to heat transfer through conduction, convection and radiation. Equations for static pressure, hoop stress, Bernoulli's equation, and heat transfer are provided. Factors that affect fluid flow and heat transfer like pipe friction, sharp changes in dimension, insulation thickness, air flow, and containment properties are also covered. An example of a traveller's slow-cook cookware is analyzed.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Intro To Fluid Mechanics & Heat Transfer

    Uploaded by

    Keith Yang
    53 views15 pages
    This document discusses fluid mechanics and heat transfer concepts relevant to designing with fluids. It covers topics like containment of incompressible fluids, flow of incompressible fluids, and introduction to heat transfer through conduction, convection and radiation. Equations for static pressure, hoop stress, Bernoulli's equation, and heat transfer are provided. Factors that affect fluid flow and heat transfer like pipe friction, sharp changes in dimension, insulation thickness, air flow, and containment properties are also covered. An example of a traveller's slow-cook cookware is analyzed.

    Original Description:

    An Introduction

    Original Title

    Intro to Fluid Mechanics & Heat Transfer

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document discusses fluid mechanics and heat transfer concepts relevant to designing with fluids. It covers topics like containment of incompressible fluids, flow of incompressible fluids, and introduction to heat transfer through conduction, convection and radiation. Equations for static pressure, hoop stress, Bernoulli's equation, and heat transfer are provided. Factors that affect fluid flow and heat transfer like pipe friction, sharp changes in dimension, insulation thickness, air flow, and containment properties are also covered. An example of a traveller's slow-cook cookware is analyzed.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    53 views15 pages

    Intro To Fluid Mechanics & Heat Transfer

    Uploaded by

    Keith Yang
    This document discusses fluid mechanics and heat transfer concepts relevant to designing with fluids. It covers topics like containment of incompressible fluids, flow of incompressible fluids, and introduction to heat transfer through conduction, convection and radiation. Equations for static pressure, hoop stress, Bernoulli's equation, and heat transfer are provided. Factors that affect fluid flow and heat transfer like pipe friction, sharp changes in dimension, insulation thickness, air flow, and containment properties are also covered. An example of a traveller's slow-cook cookware is analyzed.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 15

    GENG1803

    C) Introduction to Fluid Mechanics


    D) Introduction to Heat Transfer

    1
    A) Designing with fluids

    „ Containment

    „ Flow

    „ Control

    „ Metering

    2
    Containment of incompressible fluids

    „ Mechanics
    „ Static Pressure (PHYS1205) P = ρgh
    „ Stress in thin walls – hoop stress

    Pr σhoop
    Cylinder σ hoop =
    t

    Pr
    Sphere σ hoop =
    2t

    σhoop – force per unit area in circumferential direction


    r - radius
    t - thickness

    3
    Containment of incompressible fluids - continued

    „ Dynamic Pressure (Bernoulli’s equation)


    1 2
    P+ ρv + ρgh = constant
    2

    ρ - density, v – velocity, g – acceleration due to


    gravity, h – height difference between inlet and outlet

    „ Surges (pumping, valves, water hammer)

    „ Safety factor

    4
    Containment of incompressible fluids - continued

    Materials to contain fluids


    „ Ductile materials – can’t exceed the yield strength (σy)
    „ Brittle materials – can’t exceed the tensile strength (TS)
    „ Ductile materials can absorb energy through plastic
    deformation (high fracture toughness, Kc)
    „ Brittle materials fail suddenly without warning (low Kc)
    „ Corrosion
    „ Erosion
    „ Toxicity
    „ Permeability
    „ Metals, Ceramics, Polymers, Hybrids (composites)

    5
    Flow of incompressible fluids

    „ Continuity (PHYS1205)
    (conservation of mass flow rate)

    ρAv = constant

    „ Bernoulli (PHYS1205)
    (conservation of energy per unit volume)
    1 2
    P+ ρv + ρgh = constant
    2

    6
    Flow of incompressible fluids - continued

    „ Losses (i.e. non-ideal fluid flow)


    „ Pipe friction
    „ increases proportional to: velocity, viscosity and length

    „ Increases inversely proportional to: pipe diameter

    „ Surface roughness (turbulent flow only)

    „ Additional losses
    „ Sharp changes in dimension

    „ Valves, meters etc

    7
    D) Introduction to Heat Transfer

    „ Three kinds T1 T2<T1


    „ Conduction

    Proportional to: ΔT, thermal conductivity, diameter


    „

    „ Inversely proportional to: length

    „ Convection

    „ Proportional to: ΔT, fluid velocity, fluid heat capacity etc

    8
    „ Radiation
    „ Electromagnetic radiation (infra-red, visible etc)

    4
    „ Proportional to: T , emissivity, surface area

    „ Surroundings may radiate back

    9
    Designing to optimise heat transfer

    „ Which is better?

    Heat source inside?

    10
    Heat source
    outside?

    11
    Sandwich structure?

    12
    Other factors

    „ Insulation (conductivity, thickness, heat capacity,


    availability)
    „ Air flow (natural vs forced convection)
    „ Containment (melting temperature, creep, combustion,
    oxidation, properties change with T)
    „ Support (heat transfer through points of contact, stability)
    „ Design (e.g. stove suited to local cooking styles?)

    13
    Example
    „ Travellers slow-cook cookware

    The sealed
    container is then
    left for up to 6 or 7
    hours at which
    time the food is
    ready to eat.

    Cooking Heat the Heavily insulated


    pot pot container

    14
    Analysis

    „ Advantages
    „ Minimal fuel
    „ Easy to use
    „ Minimal effort
    „ Few resources used in cleaning up
    „ Disadvantage
    „ Probably not suited to Cambodian cooking styles?

    15

    You might also like