Pearson Science New South Wales 9

Chapter 4 Test

Name: _______________________ Class: __________ Date: _______

Instructions: Write answers in the right-hand column. Score: ___________ / 57 marks

Section A—Multiple choice (10 marks)

1 The speed of electromagnetic waves travelling in a vacuum is equal to

A 300 000 metres per second.
B 300 000 kilometres per second. 1
C 300 000 000 kilometres per second.
D 330 metres per second.
2 Two types of wave may be generated by using a slinky. The particles in the
slinky move in the same direction as the wave in the following type (or types) of
waves.
A transverse only 1
B longitudinal only
C transverse and longitudinal
D neither transverse nor longitudinal
3 All electromagnetic waves have the same
A speed.
B frequency. 1
C energy.
D wavelength.
4 Which of the following waves has the lowest frequency?
A an AM radio wave of wavelength 600 m.
B an FM radio wave of wavelength 8.7 m. 1
C a microwave of wavelength 5 mm.
D a radar wave of wavelength 9 cm.
5 Which of the following waves have the longest wavelength?
A X-rays
B gamma rays 1
C microwaves
D blue light waves

Copyright © Pearson Australia 2014 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) ISBN 978 1 4425 6566 1
Page 1
Pearson Science New South Wales 9
Chapter 4 Test

6 What colour is transmitted when white light goes through a red filter?
A no colour (black)
B white 1
C red
D green
7 Which colours are absorbed by blue paint?
A blue only
B red, orange and yellow 1
C green, blue, indigo and violet
D red only
8 What colour will a green leaf placed in green light appear to be?
A black
B green 1
C red
D blue
9 Optical fibre is widely used to transmit digital signals for communications.
Optical fibre
A has a greater bandwidth than copper cables but suffers greater signal loss
and interference.
B has less bandwidth than copper cables but suffers less signal loss and 1
interference.
C has a greater bandwidth than copper cables and suffers less signal loss
and interference.
D has less bandwidth than copper cables and suffers greater signal loss and
interference.
1 According to the wave equation, if the speed of a wave stays the same but its
0 wavelength decreases, then the frequency of the wave will
A not change.
1
B increase.
C decrease.
D There is not enough information to answer.

Copyright © Pearson Australia 2014 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) ISBN 978 1 4425 6566 1
Page 2
Pearson Science New South Wales 9
Chapter 4 Test

Section B—Short answer (25 marks)

1 The diagram represents two waves, A and B.

Explain two differences and two similarities

between the waves.
2 The series of waves shown below was
produced in 20 seconds.

State the:
a wavelength
b amplitude of the waves.
3 a Recall the primary colours of light.
b Explain why they are called primary
colours.
4
c Recall the secondary colours of light.
d Explain why they are called secondary
colours.
4 Identify what colour (if any) is transmitted
when:
a white light is shone on a blue filter 3
b red light is shone on a blue filter
c magenta light is shone on a red filter.

Copyright © Pearson Australia 2014 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) ISBN 978 1 4425 6566 1
Page 3
Pearson Science New South Wales 9
Chapter 4 Test

5 Identify one use of each of the following types

of electromagnetic wave.
a ultraviolet radiation 3
b infrared rays
c gamma rays
6 X-rays are a form of high-energy
electromagnetic radiation.
a Explain which property of X-rays
allows them to produce an image of 3
bones or teeth.
b Describe how X-rays are used in the
process of radiotherapy.
c Recall one additional use of X rays.
7 a Recall the name of the area in which a
base station for a mobile phone
network is located.
2
b Explain how mobile phone signals are
not confused between one base station
and another.
8 Nino and Giulia buy tickets for the House of
Horrors at the Royal Show. Inside, the only
lights are red and green. Nino is wearing blue
jeans and a red windcheater. Giulia is wearing
a yellow dress.
3
Describe how their clothes would appear
inside the House of Horrors in:
a red light
b green light
c combined red and green light.
9 Describe how optical fibres transmit pulses of
light.
1

1 Propose how the red, white and blue colours

0 on the Australian flag would appear if the flag
was viewed under blue light. 2

Section C—Thinking scientifically (10 marks)

1 1
Loudspeakers designed for high-frequency sounds are called ‘tweeters’ and
Copyright © Pearson Australia 2014 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) ISBN 978 1 4425 6566 1
Page 4
Pearson Science New South Wales 9
Chapter 4 Test

those designed for low-frequency sounds are called ‘woofers’. Tweeters are said
to be more unidirectional, meaning they produce sound in one certain direction.
Select a possible explanation for this occurrence.
A High-frequency sounds show very little diffraction, or spreading out,
from the speaker.
B Low-frequency sounds show very little diffraction, or spreading out,
from the speaker.
C High-frequency sounds show greater diffraction, or spreading out, from
the speaker.
D Low-frequency sounds show greater diffraction, or spreading out, from
the speaker.
2 The frequency of middle C is 256 Hz. Ron plays a middle C note and then a
middle A, of frequency 440 Hz. Given that the speed of sound is the same for
both notes, choose the correct alternative about the wavelength of each.
Note: The wave equation is:
wavelength = speed / frequency 1
A The wavelength of each is the same.
B The wavelength produced by the A note is larger.
C The wavelength produced by middle C is larger.
D The information provided is not sufficient to answer.
3 The amount of information that can be transmitted by a communication channel
is called its bandwidth. The following table compares the maximum number of
two-way conversations that can be carried using different means of transmission.

Transmission method Maximum number of

two-way conversations
Copper wire 600
Coaxial cable 2 700
1
Optical fibre 28 720
Microwaves 1 920

Based on this data, identify the correct response.

A Microwaves have a greater bandwidth than coaxial cable.
B Optical fibre has over ten times the bandwidth of coaxial cable.
C Copper wire has half the bandwidth of coaxial cable.
D Coaxial cable has five times the bandwidth of copper wire.
4 1
This diagram shows the use of electromagnetic radiation in communications.
Some microwaves are used to reflect from communications satellites.

Copyright © Pearson Australia 2014 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) ISBN 978 1 4425 6566 1
Page 5
Pearson Science New South Wales 9
Chapter 4 Test

Deduce which statement below is correct.

A Shorter-wavelength radiation penetrates further into the ionosphere.
B Longer-wavelength radiation penetrates further into the ionosphere.
C All electromagnetic radiation penetrates an equivalent distance into the
ionosphere.
D No electromagnetic radiation can penetrate the ionosphere.

Use the following information to answer questions 5 and 6.

This diagram compares the frequency and wavelength of electromagnetic
radiation.

5 Select the correct statement from the alternatives below.

A Infrared radiation has a smaller wavelength than that of the visible
spectrum. 1
B Microwaves have greater frequency than radio waves.
C Ultraviolet light has a smaller wavelength than infrared radiation.
D Gamma rays are lower in frequency than X-rays.
6 1
X-rays have such high energy that they can damage cells and tissues. Based on
this information, identify the type of electromagnetic radiation that poses the
least threat to humans.
A visible light
B ultraviolet light
C gamma rays
Copyright © Pearson Australia 2014 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) ISBN 978 1 4425 6566 1
Page 6
Pearson Science New South Wales 9
Chapter 4 Test

D radio waves

Copyright © Pearson Australia 2014 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) ISBN 978 1 4425 6566 1
Page 7
Pearson Science New South Wales 9
Chapter 4 Test

7 This diagram shows what happens to a ray of light as it passes through a convex
lens and a triangular prism.

The white light that passed through the convex lens has been dispersed by the
triangular prism, as shown.
Identify the correct statement from the alternatives below.
A Red light was refracted the most by the prism.
B Blue light was refracted the most by the prism.
C Red and blue light were both equally refracted by the prism.
D Neither red nor blue light was refracted by the prism.
8 This graph shows the sensitivity of the human eye to specific colours.

Identify the colour that has a wavelength of about 570 nanometres.

A blue
B green
C yellow
D red

Copyright © Pearson Australia 2014 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) ISBN 978 1 4425 6566 1
Page 8
Pearson Science New South Wales 9
Chapter 4 Test

9 Blue light and green light are absorbed by a red filter.

Green light shines onto a red piece of cellophane. Identify which colours (if
any) pass through this piece of cellophane.
A no light 1
B red light
C green light
D white light
1 One use of infrared cameras is to locate people lost at sea or in remote areas.
0 Deduce why these cameras can be used at night.
A Infrared cameras do not rely upon visible light.
B Infrared cameras are very sensitive to small amounts of visible light. 1
C The moon and the stars provide sufficient light.
D Infrared cameras cannot be used in the daytime because there is too much
visible light.
Section D—Additional content (12 marks)
1 Jed plays a note on his bass guitar of
frequency 136 Hz. Given that the speed of
sound in air at the time he is playing is 340 2
m/s, calculate the wavelength of the sound
produced.
2 A siren from a shop alarm has a frequency
of 1320 Hz. If the sound has a wavelength 2
of 0.25 m, calculate the speed of sound in
air as the siren sounds.
3 Ashlee plays her trumpet at a concert.
Given that the speed of sound in the
auditorium is 330 m/s, calculate the 2
frequency of the note she is playing if it has
a wavelength 0.5 m.
4 a Explain what is meant by the term
dispersion.
4
b List three examples of situations in
which light may be dispersed.
5 a State whether light of lower or
higher frequency is more easily
2
scattered.
b Propose an outcome of this effect.

Copyright © Pearson Australia 2014 (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) ISBN 978 1 4425 6566 1
Page 9