Lab #1 CNET219: Objective

FALL2020 : CNET219
Lab #1 CNET219
Name: _______________________ Date: _________________
Time-Varying Signals ( Transient Analysis)
Objective
This lab gives a practical introduction to signals that varies with time using the components such as:
1. Arbitrary Function Generator
2. Oscilloscopes or waveform Viewer
The grounding issues are best explained using the OptiSPICE simulation software.
Prelab (10 points) – Due at the beginning of lab
Concepts
You have worked with signals that did not vary with time. In this lab, we’ll analyze signals that vary
periodically with time. The most common periodic electrical signal is the sinusoid. o voltages can be expressed
in the form:
Sinusoide = A + B sin (ωt + ϕ) (1)
A represents the DC offset, B represents the peak signal amplitude, ω is the radian frequency (recall that ω is
equal to 2πf, where f is the frequency), and ϕ is the phase shift. Phase shift is the horizontal difference between
two signals, for instance, the phase difference between a sine and cosine is π/2, or 90°.
The amplitude of a sinusoid can be represented as a peak value (p or pk), a peak-to-peak value (pk-pk), or
and average root-mean-square (rms) value. In this lab, Vp will be peak voltage, and Vpp will be peak-to-
peak.
Figure 1: Sinusoidal function with no DC offset Figure 2: Sinusoidal function with a DC-
offset
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FALL2020 : CNET219
Figure 1 shows a sinusoidal signal. A shows the peak amplitude, B shows the peak-to-peak amplitude, and C
shows the period. Figure 2 shows the same sinusoid, but where the signal of Figure 1 has a 0 V DC offset,
the signal in Figure 2 has a non-zero DC offset.
.
Using the information above answer the following questions. 2

1. What are the units for angular frequency (ω)?
2. What are the units frequency (f)?
3. Write a mathematical relationship between f and ω.
4. If a voltage is given by v(t) = 10 sin(1000πt + 30°)
a. Find the angular frequency, frequency in Hertz, the phase angle, the period of the waveform.
b. Sketch v(t) to scale versus time.
Your scale setting for X>> time

Y>> v(t)
c. If V(t) appears across a 100Ω resistor, sketch i(t) versus time.
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FALL2020 : CNET219
Part 1: OptiSPICE DEMO CIRCUIT

Now we’ll look at a simple voltage divider circuit. Since the two resistors in Figure 3 are in series, we expect
the voltage across each resistor to have a magnitude of the input voltage multiplied by the ratio of the resistance
to the total resistance. For a hypothetical resistor R A, we’d get:
VRA = VIN * (RA/RTOTAL) (2)
Figure 3-DEMO CIRUCIT-OPTISPICE
So here’s what we’re going to do:

we will build one circuit and Replace R2 of Fig 3a with Capacitor and connect Figure 3b at the across
capacitor. Instructor will demonstrate the OptiSpice simulation with FIGURE 3
Part 2
Task 1 :Circuit design.
To compare the output to theory, we’ll simulate the following circuit in OptiSpice, and generate output
plots
Vdc1
DC = 9 V
R1
M R = 4k Ohm
C1
M
C = 1u F
+
Vsin1 R = 10k Ohm
- VA = 4.0 V
R2
FREQ = 1k Hz
Figure 4
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FALL2020 : CNET219
Complete the circuit by placing and connecting necessary devices ( capacitor, resistor
and probe) to ac sine waveform generator VSin1 as shown in Figure 4 .
Task 2 :Transient analysis (Time Domain)

Perform the following steps to setup the AC analysis and frequency sweep.
Step Action
1 Select Analysis > setup> Main>
On simulation Type select Transient
2 Click on the Transient tab
3 Set up the circuit simulation profile. The Simulation Settings window is shown
in Figure 9. The analysis type this time is Time Domain (Transient). Given the
frequency of the input, enter a run time that will show two periods of the signal.
The run time can be calculated by finding the time period of the input signal from
frequency and then based on the value you can clip the signals. For example if
the frequency is around 1000 then the stop time period will be 1ms, hence you
will need 2ms to cover two periods of signals
Figure 5
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FALL2020 : CNET219
Task 3: Running the simulation

Running the simulation for transient analysis. Save the design and select
Analysis > Run. Click on Launch Waveform Viewer once the simulation ends
Figure 6
Task 4
Determine : (from Graph)
Vout(Dc) ________________________
Vrms________________________
Irms _________________________
Calculate Impedance
𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠
Z=
𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠
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FALL2020 : CNET219
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FALL2020 : CNET219

Time-Varying Signals ( Transient Analysis)

Using the information above answer the following questions. 2

Your scale setting for X>> time

c. If V(t) appears across a 100Ω resistor, sketch i(t) versus time.

Part 1: OptiSPICE DEMO CIRCUIT

Figure 3-DEMO CIRUCIT-OPTISPICE

So here’s what we’re going to do:

Task 2 :Transient analysis (Time Domain)

Task 3: Running the simulation

Determine : (from Graph)

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