Abs PRC005 en - 08012005 PDF
Abs PRC005 en - 08012005 PDF
Abs PRC005 en - 08012005 PDF
Absorption Series
Single-Stage Hot Water or
Steam-Fired Absorption Water Chillers
112-465 Tons
Built for Industrial and Commercial Applications
Introduction 2
Features and Benefits 4
Component Identification, Typical Single-Stage
Steam Illustration, Refrigerant Cycle Overview
Application Considerations 7
Operating Limits, Sound, Water Flow/Treatment,
Combination Systems, Multiple Machines
Selection Procedure 8
Computer Selection Procedure, Tube Fouling
Performance Data 9
Capacity/COP/Steam Rate/Flow Rate, Pressure Drop
Tables, Capacity vs. Chilled Water Supply Temperature,
Energy Input vs. Capacity, Pressure Drop vs. Flow Rate
Electrical Data 11
Controls Data 12
Dimensions and Weights 16
Physical Dimensions, Weights, Connection Sizes,
Refrigerant Charging, Separated Machine Sections,
Foundation Support, Rigging/Service Clearances,
Chiller Isolation, Insulation Lengths
Jobsite Connections 20
Typical Piping
Mechanical Specifications 25
Standard Conversion Table 27
ABS-PRC005-EN 3
Features and
Benefits General
4 ABS-PRC005-EN
Features and
Benefits General
ABS-PRC005-EN 5
Features and Refrigeration
Benefits Cycle
Refrigeration Cycle
The Trane Absorption Cold Generator®
uses the proven lithium bromide and Cooling Water
water absorption refrigeration cycle. It Concentrator Condenser
takes place in a sealed, hermetic vessel
from which essentially all air has been
evacuated. Consequently, the pressures
within the shell are the vapor pressures
of the liquids at their respective
temperatures. In operation, the pressure Evaporator
Heat Exchanger
in the concentrator and condenser
sections is about 1/10 of an atmosphere.
System
Pressure in the evaporator and absorber Water
sections is about 1/100 of an
atmosphere. Concentrated Solution Absorber
Generator Dilute Solution
Heat energy from steam or hot water is Intermediate Solution Cooling Water
used to boil a dilute solution of lithium Refrigerant
bromide and water. This boiling results
in release of water vapor, and in
concentration of the remaining lithium
bromide solution.
Condenser
The water, or refrigerant, vapor released
in the concentrator is drawn into the
condenser section. Cooling tower water
flowing through the condenser tubes
cools and condenses the refrigerant.
Evaporator
Liquid refrigerant flows through an
orifice into the evaporator. As the
refrigerant passes into the lower Absorber Solution Heat Exchanger
pressure evaporator, flashing takes The refrigerant vapor is drawn to the The heat exchanger exchanges heat
place. The flashing cools the remaining absorber section by the low pressure between the relatively cool, dilute
liquid refrigerant to the saturation resulting from absorption of the solution being transferred from the
temperature of the refrigerant at the refrigerant into the absorbent. In order to absorber to the concentrator section and
pressure present within the evaporator, expose a large amount of lithium the hot, concentrated, solution being
approximately 40°F. bromide solution surface to the water returned from the concentrator to the
vapor, the solution is sprayed over the absorber. Transferring heat from the
The chilled refrigerant falls into the absorber tube bundle. Cooling tower concentrated solution to the dilute
evaporator pan and is circulated water is used in this tube bundle to solution reduces the amount of heat that
continuously to the evaporator spray remove the heat of absorption that is must be added to bring the dilute
trees by the evaporator pump. The released when the refrigerant vapor solution to a boil. Simultaneously,
sprayed refrigerant wets the evaporator returns to the liquid state. reducing the temperature of the
tube bundle, chilling the system water concentrated solution decreases the
within the bundle. The transfer of heat As the absorbent absorbs refrigerant
vapor, the solution becomes increasingly amount of heat that must be removed
from the system water to the refrigerant from the absorber section. Efficient
causes the refrigerant to vaporize. The dilute. It is necessary to continuously
circulate this dilute solution back to the operation of the heat exchanger is
refrigerant vapor generated in this extremely important to the economical
evaporative cooling process migrates concentrator to keep the cycle
continuous. operation of the lithium bromide-water
downwatd to the absorber. cycle.
6 ABS-PRC005-EN
Application
Considerations General
ABS-PRC005-EN 7
Selection
Procedure
8 ABS-PRC005-EN
Performance
Data
SI Units**
Coefficient Steam Chilled Water Cond/Abs Water
Capacity of Rate Flow Rate Press. Drop Flow Rate Press. Drop
Model (kW) Performance (kg/kW-hr) (m3/hr) (m wg) (m3/hr) (m wg)
112 380 0.63 2.60 58.6 8.75 91.5 7.78
129 444 0.63 2.60 68.6 8.02 105.3 10.46
148 515 0.63 2.60 79.5 11.59 121.0 8.57
174 572 0.64 2.55 88.3 8.27 142.1 9.85
200 663 0.64 2.55 102.4 10.07 163.4 7.93
228 770 0.64 2.55 118.9 8.60 186.4 10.98
256 868 0.64 2.55 133.9 11.50 209.3 7.59
294 1011 0.64 2.55 155.9 9.61 240.2 10.71
354 1190 0.61 2.68 183.6 6.44 289.2 9.06
385 1294 0.64 2.53 199.8 8.57 314.6 9.00
420 1402 0.64 2.53 216.6 5.67 343.2 7.14
465 1562 0.64 2.55 241.3 5.80 380.0 7.35
*3.6 gpm/nominal ton, Pstm = 12 psig, TctwS = 85°F, TcwS = 44°F, TcwR = 54°F, 0.00025 evap. fouling, 0.00025 cond/abs fouling
**.23 m3/nominal kWh, Pstm = 0.83 bar, TctwS = 29.4°C, TcwS = 6.67°C, TcwR = 12.2°C, 0.044 evap fouling, 0.044 cond/abs
fouling
ABS-PRC005-EN 9
Performance
Data
Figure PD-1. ABSC part load performance – energy input vs. capacity at various cooling
water supply temperatures; chilled water supply temperature = 44°F (7°C)
(fixed chilled water flow) with economizer
10 ABS-PRC005-EN
Electrical
Data
Electrical Data
Factory wired and mounted power control includes main power connections. Total kW includes solution and refrigerant pump,
motors, purge pump motor and control panel. Units may be supplied for operation on 230,460 or 575 volt, 3 phase, 60 hertz power
or 190, 220, 380, 415, 3 phase, 50 hertz power.
Table ED-1. Electrical data
60 Cycle, 3-Phase
Model Supply Total Motor Total Motor Control Circuit Max Fuse Size
ABSC Voltage FLA HP kW Amps MCA Amps
112 200 27.8 7.5 6.4 4.0 40 45
thru 230 27.0 7.5 6.4 3.0 33 40
465 Tons 460 13.5 7.5 6.4 2.0 20 25
575 8.6 7.5 6.4 1.0 15 25
Model Supply Total Motor Total Motor Control Circuit Max Fuse Size
ABSC Voltage FLA HP kW Amps MCA Amps
112 190 24.4 7.5 6.4 4.0 36 40
thru 220 29.0 7.5 6.4 3.0 39 40
174 Tons 380 12.2 7.5 6.4 2.0 18 20
415 13.3 7.5 6.4 2.0 20 25
200 190 58.6 15.0 12.0 4.0 79 80
thru 220 65.6 15.0 12.0 3.0 85 90
465 Tons 380 29.3 15.0 12.0 2.0 40 45
415 30.8 15.0 12.0 2.0 41 45
*Consult Factory
FLA = Full Load Amps
MCA = Minimum Capacity Amps
ABS-PRC005-EN 11
Controls Data
12 ABS-PRC005-EN
Controls Data
ABS-PRC005-EN 13
Controls Data
14 ABS-PRC005-EN
Controls Data
ABS-PRC005-EN 15
Physical
Dimensions Dimensions/
and Weights Service Clearances
16 ABS-PRC005-EN
Dimensions Service
and Weights Clearances
DETAIL
FRONT OF UNIT
D C B
ABS-PRC005-EN 17
Dimensions
and Weights Insulation
18 ABS-PRC005-EN
Dimensions Weights and
and Weights Connection Sizes
ABS-PRC005-EN 19
Jobsite Steam Supply and
Connections Condensate Piping
20 ABS-PRC005-EN
Jobsite Steam Supply and
Connections Condensate Piping
ABS-PRC005-EN 21
Jobsite Hot Water
Connections Piping
Hot Water Piping Figure JC-2. Hot water supply temperature piping – 270°F and below with 3-way energy valve
The hot water system must be designed
so as to avoid fluctuations in the
pressure differences across the control
valve. Trane absorption chillers for use
with hot water may be used at entering
hot water temperature of 270°F (132°C)
or below. Piping for a typical hot water
installation using a temperature of 270°F
(132°C) or less is shown in Figure JC-2.
In this arrangement a three-way energy
valve is used to control capacity by
varying the quantity of hot water flowing
through the chiller while maintaining a
constant supply and return flow rate. As
shown in Figure JC-3, a two-way energy
valve can also be used where the return
and supply flow rates can vary. The
generator design is rated to 150 psig
(10.3 bar) with a 400 psig (27.6 bar)
optional design available. Figure JC-3. Hot water supply temperature piping – 270°F and below with 2-way energy valve
When the supply water temperature
exceeds 270°F (132°C), a separate
circulating pump is recommended in a
run-around loop as shown in Figure
JC-4. The hot water for the absorption
machine should be taken from a header
installed between the hot water supply
and return mains. The flow of hot water
through the machine is held constant,
but the temperature of the circulating
water is varied to meet load
requirements by modulating the amount
of high temperature supply water added
to the loop. This is done by installing a
two-way modulating valve at the loop
outlet. The valve responds to the chilled
water temperatures, but limits the water
temperature entering the machine to a
maximum of 270°F (132°C).
Hot Water Valves
Trane provides hot water temperature
control valves with the machine for
installation by the contractor at the job
site. These valves are selected by The
Trane company based on data provided
by the contractor (*i.e. water flow to be
used and the design pressure drop
across the valve.)
It is desirable to use the smallest valve,
with the highest pressure drop,
appropriate to the design water flow and
allowable pressure drop in the system.
The smaller the valve, the better the
control.
22 ABS-PRC005-EN
Jobsite Hot Water
Connections Piping
ABS-PRC005-EN 23
Jobsite Cooling
Connections Water Piping
Cooling Water Piping Figure JC-5. Cooling water piping with cooling tower
The cooling water piping design for
absorption chillers differs from
conventional reciprocating or centrifugal
systems in that cooling water passes
through the absorber section of the
machine prior to entering the condenser.
The single stage absorption chiller is
designed to start and operate with
cooling water temperatures as low as
55°F (12.8°C). In typical applications, the
machine is selected on the basis of the
cooling water temperature that will be
available at full-load and at the design
outside conditions. In air conditioning
applications utilizing a cooling tower, this
is usually 85°F (29.4°C).
With a cooling tower sized at design
Figure JC-6. Cooling water piping, three-way mixing valve
conditions, the temperature of the
cooling water supply to the unit will
decrease with any decrease in cooling
load or outside wet bulb temperature.
The lower cooling water temperature
would normally tend to increase the
capacity potential of the unit. In the Trane
design, the UCP2 adaptive controls will
limit the energy input of the machine
based on the entering cooling water
temperature, thereby preventing
overfiring of the machine.
In typical air conditioning applications,
precise cooling water temperature
control is not required. In process
applications, however, where extremely
close control of leaving chilled water is
required, it is recommended that a tower Figure JC-7. Cooling water piping with well or river water
valve be used to maintain cooling water
temperature at a specified temperature.
Constant cooling water temperature
allows the unit control valve to more
precisely control leaving chilled water
temperature. Also, in applications where
well water or other cooling water will be
available at a temperature below 65°F
(18.3°C), a control valve is recommended
to maintain the temperature at 65°F
(18.3° C) or above. Changes in
condenser water temperature should not Table JC-3. Condenser/absorber piping responsibility
exceed 1 degree F per minute between Material Provided By Installed By
the range of 75-95°F (23.9-35°C). Item Trane Other Trane Other
Crossover Pipe (factory installed X (factory installed
Figure JC-5 illustrates a typical air option) (option)
conditioning installation without a X or X or
cooling tower control valve. Figure JC-6 Flow Switch (optional) X X
illustrates typical cooling water piping in X or
Balancing valve, gate valve, thermometer
applications where a three-way valve (optional), pressure gauge vent and shutoff X X
may be required. Figure JC-7 illustrates valve, Victaulic or flange connection, pipe stub,
typical cooling water piping utilizing well strainer, pump.
or river water.
24 ABS-PRC005-EN
Mechanical
Specifications
ABS-PRC005-EN 25
Mechanical
Specifications
Adaptive Limits Contractor Responsibilities the tower water circuit, which shall
• Evaporator water temperature limit 1. Install the unit on a level surface. be interlocked with the starting
• Low absorber/condenser limit Neoprene isolation pads supplied by control circuit of the unit such that
• Soft-loading control the manufacturer shall be placed proof of flow is required to prevent
System Protection under the unit. machine damage. Absorption chiller
• Evaporator freeze protection 2. Connect unit control panel to all must control flow of cooling water.
• Chilled water flow confirmation operating external safety and 9. Provide necessary distilled or
• Cooling water flow confirmation auxiliary control devices. demineralized water for refrigerant
• Emergency stop/shutdown 3. Insure that piping adjacent to the charge, and trim charge.
• Under/over voltage detection machine does not restrict removal of 10. Provide labor to charge the machine
headers for inspection, cleaning and with lithium bromide solution and
Monitor and Displays refrigerant water, and assist in
removing tubes.
• Chilled water temperature entering machine starting and calibration
4. Provide gauge cocks and optional
and leaving under supervision of the
thermometer wells for temperature
• Absorber/condenser water manufacturer’s representative.
and pressure readings at the inlet
temperature entering and leaving 11. Provide sufficient sized vacuum
and outlet of the evaporator, at the
• Solution concentration pump and personnel to evacuate the
inlet and outlet of the absorber, and
• Solution temperatures unit prior to charging (if required).
at the outlet of the condenser.
• Total pump current 12. Install any control components
5. Provide balancing valves in all
• Unit voltage provided by the manufacturer for
external water circuits to allow
• Chiller run time and starts installation external to the machine.
balance and trim of the system.
• Purge operation and run time 13. Furnish and install, external to the
6. Provide and install strainers ahead of
• Alarm light unit control panel, a separately fused
all pumps and automatic modulating
• Diagnostic messages disconnect switch, if not provided.
valves to insure proper pump and
• Help screens 14. Install required power supply wiring
valve operation.
• Evaporator water flow (option) to the control panel. Use copper wire
7. Insulate the chilled water headers
• Cooling water flow (option) only.
and other portions of the unit, as
Interfaces To UCP2™ pointed out in the manufacturer’s
• External machine manual reset alarm installation literature to prevent Insulation Required
indication output condensation on cold surfaces and Insulation is required on cold areas to
• External machine auto reset warning heat loss from hot surfaces to the prevent sweating. All insulation is
indication output equipment room. External unit pipes installed in the field and provided/
• External limit warning indication with surface temperatures installed by others.
output sufficiently hot to constitute a danger Insulation for cold insulation area should
• Maximum capacity indication output to operating personnel shall also be be ¾-inch (19 mm) Armaflex or equal
• External auto-stop/emergency insulated. should be applied to evaporator
shutdown 8. Provide and install a flow switch in waterboxes, refrigerant storage tank,
• Interface to Tracer Summit™ the chilled water circuit and interlock refrigerant pump and refrigerant piping.
• External chilled water setpoint it with the starting control circuit of
• Tracer™ controlled relay the unit. Proof of flow is required
• Printer interface prior to permitting unit operation.
Provide and install a flow switch in
26 ABS-PRC005-EN
Standard
Conversion
Table
ABS-PRC005-EN 27
Literature Order Number ABS-PRC005-EN
File Number PL-RF-ABS-000-PRC005-EN 0805
Supersedes ABS-PRC005-EN 1004
Trane Stocking Location La Crosse - Copy
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For more information contact your local sales office Trane has a policy of continuous product and product data improvement and reserves the right to change
or e-mail us at comfort@trane.com design and specifications without notice.