Earth and Life Science

Quarter 1 – Module 3:
Minerals
Earth and Life Science – Grade 11/ 12
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 3: Minerals and Rocks
First Edition, 2020

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Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

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Earth and Life Science
Quarter 1 – Module 3:
Minerals
Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Earth and Life Science- Grade 11/12 Alternative Delivery
Mode (ADM) Module on Minerals!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by

educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or
facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum
while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also
aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:

Welcome to the Earth and Life Sciences-Grade 11/12 Alternative Delivery

Mode (ADM) Module on Minerals!

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often
used to depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create
and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies
and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

This will give you an idea of the skills or

What I Need to Know
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

This part includes an activity that aims to

What I Know
check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

This is a brief drill or review to help you link

What’s In
the current lesson with the previous one.

In this portion, the new lesson will be

What’s New
introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.
 This section provides a brief discussion of the
What is It
lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

This comprises activities for independent

What’s More
practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

This includes questions or blank

What I Have Learned
sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

This section provides an activity which will

What I Can Do
help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

This is a task which aims to evaluate your

Assessment
level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

In this portion, another activity will be given

Additional Activities
to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

This contains answers to all activities in the

Answer Key
module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.
The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written to help you to make a plan that the
community may use to conserve and protect its resources for future generations. You
shall be able to identify common rock-forming minerals using their physical and
chemical properties (S11/12ES-Ia-e-4)

At the end of this module, the learners will be able to

1. Demonstrate understanding about physical and chemical properties of minerals;

2. Identify some common rock-forming minerals; and

3. Classify minerals based on chemical affinity

 What I Know

Direction: Write FACT if the statement is TRUE and write BLUFF if the statement is
FALSE.

__________ 1. Gold is a common metal that is used in electric cables and wires.

__________ 2. The hardest mineral according to Moh’s Scale is diamond.

__________ 3. Fracture is a property of mineral that refers to breaking.

__________ 4. Quartz is classified as Silicate based on its chemical composition.

__________ 5. Rocks are generally formed by sublimation process.

__________ 6. Luster is a property of a mineral that refers to its malleability.

__________ 7. Halide is classified as a non-silicate mineral that is used as fertilizer

for plants.

__________ 8. Sulfides are formed by the combination of sulfur and oxygen.

__________ 9. The two types of mineral according to chemical properties are silicate
and non-silicate mineral.

__________ 10. Quartz is used to produce glass used in building houses.

___________11. Amazonite is an example of silicate mineral.

___________ 12. Mica is made into pieces of jewelry and other important articles at
home.

___________ 13. In light transmission, opaque refers to no light has been

transmitted.

___________ 14. Fluorite is commonly known as a component of toothpaste in the

form of fluoride.

___________ 15. Halides formed by combining the oxides of fluorine, chlorine iodine
and bromine with sodium, phosphorus and calcium.
 Lesson

Minerals and Rocks

1
Minerals, like human-being, have its own properties. These properties may be

different from one mineral to another in terms of its definite crystalline structure and

chemical composition.

In this module, we will talk about the physical and chemical properties of

minerals. Though, chemical properties are hard to see by our naked eye and we need

the help of experts like geologist (an expert that deals with the history of the Earth’s

rock) and mineralogist (an expert that deals with the classification and properties of

each minerals) in performing experiments that will lead us to different observations

about the minerals and rocks. On the other hand, physical properties are visible and

easily determine by the help of our senses.

 What’s In

Instruction: Classify the following words based on Earth’s subsystem:

LAND, WATER, AIR and LIFE.

OXYGEN STRATOSPHERE MAMMALS BACTERIA FISH

OCEAN HUMAN-BEING EXOSPHERE MANTLE ALGAE

LAKES ASTHENOSPHERE CARBON IRON RAIN

WATER LAND AIR LIFE

 Notes to the Teacher
This module was designed and written to help you to be able to
make a plan that the community may use to conserve and protect
its resources for future generations.

What’s New

Instruction: Identify the names that are described by the help of underlying words
and operation to perform.

1. GRAPH + (162cm) = widely used for pencil making

2. JEEP + (5+1=6) = used in cement manufacture and agriculture

3. (TENANT-nt) + CITY = resistance of mineral to bend or break

4. 2 + PASS = known to be as November birthstone

5. FLOOR + = widely used for toothpaste production

 What is It

Hey! Before you continue, please spare some time for this guideline.

Minerals have physical and chemical properties: Physical properties are

known for having its object existence that helps us see, touch, smell, taste and hear

to observe the characteristics of a mineral. Moreover, it can be measured by physical

means such as height, weight, and motion. On the other side, chemical reaction,

does not have these characteristics meaning, it is more difficult to observe using our

senses and requires scientific knowledge and skills to determine its chemical

composition and chemical structure.

Instruction: Match the name with its descriptors in each number.

Carbonate Density Streak Hardness Fracture

Light transfer Specific Sulfide Cleavage Sulfate

Gravity

Halide Color Malleable Phosphate Luster

Oxide Habit Tenacity Brittle Silicate

__________ 1. It indicates that diamond has the highest resistance for scratching

while talc has the lowest resistance.

_________ 2. It indicates that the mineral has presences of elements bromine,

fluorine, chlorine, and iodine atom that is combined to any atom of sodium,

potassium, and calcium.

__________ 3. It indicates that the mineral has presences of sulfur and oxygen.

_________ 4. This is a physical property of mineral that can be easily seen by means

of its hue, lightness, and saturation.

_________ 5. It refers to the shape of a mineral.

__________ 6. It can be described as brittle, malleable, sectile and elastic.

__________ 7. It indicates that the mineral has presence of one or more atoms of lead,

iron or nickel which is combined to sulfur.

__________ 8. It refers to the ratio of the mineral and other object.

__________9. It indicates that the mineral has presence aluminum and iron combined

with oxygen.

__________ 10. It refers to the amount of matter in a mineral.

__________11. It is a type of tenacity, where in the mineral shatter into pieces.

__________12. It indicates that the mineral has presences of carbon and oxygen.

__________13. It refers to the tendency of mineral to break or bend.

__________ 14. It refers to the breaking of minerals even if it does not have cleavage.

__________ 15. It indicates that the mineral has presences of calcium phosphate

combined with different compound.

__________ 16. It refers to the ability of the mineral to produce different line marks

after breaking.

__________ 17. It can be classified as opaque, transparent, and translucent.

__________ 18. It indicates that the mineral has presence of silicon and oxygen.

__________ 19. It is a type of tenacity, wherein mineral easily hammered into different

shapes.

__________ 20. It refers to reflection of light and can be categorize as metallic,

submetallic, and non-metallic.

 What’s More

Instruction: Give one classification of the mineral-based on its physical

properties and identify its type base on its chemical composition.

Physical Properties: Luster, light transfer, Color, Streak, Fracture, Habit,

Tenacity, Harness, Cleavage, Specific Gravity

Chemical Properties: Silicates, Sulfates, Carbonates, Oxides, Halides, Sulfides,

Phosphates, Element

1. Apatite : ______________________________________

2. Bismuth Crystal : ______________________________________

3. Fluorite : ______________________________________

4. Selenite : ______________________________________

5. Amazonite : ______________________________________

6. Biotite : ______________________________________

7. Calcite : ______________________________________

8. Pyrite : ______________________________________

9. Halite : ______________________________________

10. Malachite : ______________________________________

 What I Have Learned

Instruction: Fill the boxes of concept map about the properties of minerals.

MINERAL
1. 2.

3. 4. 9. 10.

5. 6. 11. 12.

7. 8. 13. 14.

15. 16.

17. 18.
 What I Can Do

Instruction: Fill the crossword puzzle with words that are described
below.

1 5

2
Horizontal:

1. It is a common mineral used in cement manufacture.

2. It is a common mineral that ripped strong fibers.

3. It is a common mineral that is abundant in the Earth’s geosphere and used as

metallic appliances at home.

Vertical:

1. It is a common mineral that is used on making jewelries.

4. It is a common mineral that is used for cable wires.

5. It is a common mineral that is used as electronic insulators.

6. It is a common mineral that is use in animal feed and chemical industry.

 Assessment

Direction: Write FACT if the statement is TRUE and write BLUFF if the
statement is FALSE.

__________ 1. Gold is a common metal that is use in electric cables and wires.

__________ 2. The hardest mineral according to Moh’s Scale is diamond.

__________ 3. Fracture is a property of mineral that refers as breaking.

__________ 4. Quartz was classified as Silicate based on its chemical composition.

__________ 5. Rocks was generally formed by sublimation process.

__________ 6. Luster is a property of a mineral that refers to its malleability.

__________ 7. Halide is classified as non-silicate mineral that used in fertilizer for

plants.

__________ 8. Sulfides are formed by the combination of Sulfur and Oxygen.

___________ 9. The two types of mineral according to chemical properties are silicate
and non-silicate mineral.

___________ 10. Quartz is used to produce glass and fiberglass usually used at
home.

___________ 11. Amazonite is an example of silicate mineral.

___________ 12. Mica is made into pieces of jewelry and other important articles at
home.
___________ 13. In light transmission, opaque means no light has been transmitted.

___________ 14. Fluorite is a common component of toothpaste in the form of

fluoride.

___________ 15. Halides are formed by combining fluorine, chlorine iodine and
bromine with sodium, phosphorus, and calcium.
 Additional Activities

Instruction: Look for minerals at home, then a.) identify its name; b.) describe
using its physical and chemical properties; and c.) identify its uses.

NAME DESCRIPTION USES

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.
 1. Chemical Properties 2. Physical Properties 3. Silicate 4. Carbonates 5. Halides
6. Oxides 7. Sulfates 8. Sulfides 9. Luster 10. Light transmission
11. Color 12. Streak 13. Habit 14. Tenacity 15. Hardeness
16. Cleavage 17. Fracture 18. Density 19. Specific Gravity
WHAT I HAVE LEARNED
1. Apatite Green in color, phosphate
2. Bismuth Geometrical habit, elements
crystal
C 3. Flourite Soft and colorless, halides
C A 4. Selenite Colorless, sulfates
O L 5. Amazonite Green in color, silicates
G Y P S U M C 6. Biotite Irregular in shape, silicates
O P I I R O N 7. Calcite Can be dissolve and has cracks,
L E C T carbonates
D R A S B E S T O S 8. Pyrite Colorless, irregular shape,
sulfides
9. Halite Colorless, cube, halides
10. Malachite Green color, carbonates
WHAT I CAN DO WHAT’S MORE
1. Hardness 6. Tenacity 11. Brittle 16. Steak
2. Halides 7. Sulfides 12. Carbonates 17. Light transmit
3. Sulfates 8. Specific Gravity 13. Cleavage 18. Silicates
4. Color 9. Oxides 14. Fracture 19. Malleability
5. Habit 10. Density 15. Phosphates 20. Luster
WHAT IS IT
1. Graphite 2. Gypsum 3. Tenacity
4. Topaz 5.Flourite
WHAT’S NEW
WATER LAND AIR LIFE
ocean Asthenosphere oxygen oxygen
Oxygen Carbon stratosphere Human-being
lakes Mantle Exosphere mammals
rain iron carbon bacteria
fish
Algae
WHAT’S IN
1. BLUFF 2. FACT 3. FACT 4. BLUFF 5. BLUFF
6. BLUFF 7. FACT 8. BLUFF 9. FACT 10. FACT
11. FACT 12. BLUFF 13. FACT 14. FACT 15. BLUFF
WHAT I KNOW
Answer Key
References
Agsalud, Pricilla Sidney L. et’al. Earth Science. Jimczyville Publication. 2014.pg. 27-
44

CHEd Philippines. Teaching Guide for Senior High School

EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE. 2016

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Email Address: bataan@deped.gov.ph