Algorithms and Flowchart

Dr. Odelu Vanga

Department of Computer Science and Information Systems

Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani
Hyderabad Campus
odelu.vanga@hyderabad.bits-pilani.ac.in

January 24, 2020

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 Today’s Topics

Flowchart

for problem solving

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 Algorithm and Flowchart

Algorithm
Sequence of steps
which will produce the desired output
for the given input

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 Algorithm and Flowchart

Algorithm
Sequence of steps
which will produce the desired output
for the given input

Flowchart
Graphical representation
to the logical steps to carry out a task
and show how the steps relate to each other

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 Flowchart symbols

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 Flowchart symbols

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 Flowchart symbols

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 Flowchart symbols

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 Flowchart symbols

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 Flowchart symbols

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 Flowchart symbols

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 Sequence Flowchart
Find the area of a circle of radius r ?

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 Sequence Flowchart
Find the area of a circle of radius r ?
Area = πr 2 , where π = 3.14.

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 Sequence Flowchart
Find the area of a circle of radius r ?
Area = πr 2 , where π = 3.14.

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 Sequence Flowchart
Find the area of a circle of radius r ?
Area = πr 2 , where π = 3.14.

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 Sequence Flowchart
Find the area of a circle of radius r ?
Area = πr 2 , where π = 3.14.

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 Sequence Flowchart
Find the area of a circle of radius r ?
Area = πr 2 , where π = 3.14.

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 Finding Average Marks
A, B, C are the marks scored by a student in Science,
Mathematics and English

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 Finding Average Marks
A, B, C are the marks scored by a student in Science,
Mathematics and English

Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 15 / 40

 Finding Average Marks
A, B, C are the marks scored by a student in Science,
Mathematics and English

Esha, who scores 60 marks in Science,

70 marks in mathematics and 75 marks
in English. Provide the step-by-step
execution of the algorithm to calculate
the average marks of Esha.

Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 15 / 40

 Finding Average Marks
A, B, C are the marks scored by a student in Science,
Mathematics and English

Esha, who scores 60 marks in Science,

70 marks in mathematics and 75 marks
in English. Provide the step-by-step
execution of the algorithm to calculate
the average marks of Esha.

First step: 60, 70, 75

Dr. Odelu Vanga (BITS-Pilani Hyderabad) CS F111 January 24, 2020 15 / 40

 Finding Average Marks
A, B, C are the marks scored by a student in Science,
Mathematics and English

Esha, who scores 60 marks in Science,

70 marks in mathematics and 75 marks
in English. Provide the step-by-step
execution of the algorithm to calculate
the average marks of Esha.

First step: 60, 70, 75

Second step: ———————?
Third step: ———————— ?
Forth step: ———————— ?

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 Selection flow chart

if condition is true
Then
Process step(s) 1
else
Process step(s) 2
end if

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 Selection flow chart

if condition is true
Then
Process step(s) 1
else
Process step(s) 2
end if

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 Repetition Flowchart

while condition is true

Do
Process Step(s)
Loop

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 Repetition Flowchart

while condition is true

Do
Process Step(s)
Loop

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 Flowchart of multiplication table for a given number N

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 Flowchart of multiplication table for a given number N

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 Flowchart of multiplication table for a given number N

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 Flowchart of multiplication table for a given number N

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 Flowchart of multiplication table for a given number N

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 Flowchart of multiplication table for a given number N

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 Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game

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 Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game
How to play:
Player’s counter start at ’1’.
Roll the dice ⇒ Move counter.

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 Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game
How to play:
Player’s counter start at ’1’.
Roll the dice ⇒ Move counter.
- Counter lands at the bottom
of a ladder ⇒

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 Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game
How to play:
Player’s counter start at ’1’.
Roll the dice ⇒ Move counter.
- Counter lands at the bottom
of a ladder ⇒ Move up to the
top of the ladder
- Counter lands on the head of
a snake ⇒

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 Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game
How to play:
Player’s counter start at ’1’.
Roll the dice ⇒ Move counter.
- Counter lands at the bottom
of a ladder ⇒ Move up to the
top of the ladder
- Counter lands on the head of
a snake ⇒ Must slide down
to the bottom of the snake
The first player to get to the
space ’30’ is the winner.

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 Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game
How to play:
Player’s counter start at ’1’.
Roll the dice ⇒ Move counter.
- Counter lands at the bottom
of a ladder ⇒ Move up to the
top of the ladder
- Counter lands on the head of
a snake ⇒ Must slide down
to the bottom of the snake
The first player to get to the
space ’30’ is the winner.

Develop Algorithm and then

Draw a flowchart to solve this
problem ?

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 Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game

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 Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game

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 Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game

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 Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game

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 Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game

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 Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game

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 Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game

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 Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game

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 Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game

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 Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game

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 Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game

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 Flowchart - Snakes and Ladder game

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 Switch-Case Flowchart

Note that expression must return

integer constant value

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 Switch-Case Flowchart

switch (expression)
{
case 1:
Statement 1;
break;

Note that expression must return

integer constant value

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 Switch-Case Flowchart

switch (expression)
{
case 1:
Statement 1;
break;
case 2:
Statement 2;
break;

Note that expression must return

integer constant value

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 Switch-Case Flowchart

switch (expression)
{
case 1:
Statement 1;
break;
case 2:
Statement 2;
break;
..
.
case n:
Statement n;
break;

Note that expression must return

integer constant value

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 Switch-Case Flowchart

switch (expression)
{
case 1:
Statement 1;
break;
case 2:
Statement 2;
break;
..
.
case n:
Statement n;
break;
default:
Note that expression must return Statement;
integer constant value
}

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 Example: switch case

Write a switch statement to print a op b, where op ∈ {+, −, ∗, invalid}

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 Example: switch case

Write a switch statement to print a op b, where op ∈ {+, −, ∗, invalid}

switch (op)
{
case ’+’:
printf(”%d”,a+b);
break;
case ’-’:
printf(”%d”,a-b);
break;
case ’*’:
printf(”%d”,a*b);
break;
default:
print (”invalid”);
}

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 Solve the Examples

1. Find profit or loss when selling a pen.

2. Find factorial of a given number N.
3. Print multiplication table for a given number N.
4. Find the binary equivalent of given number N only using loop concept.
For example, N = 372.
6. Develop algorithm and flowchart for the problem:

1
f (1) = 1+
1
1
f (2) = 1+
1 + 12
1
f (3) = 1+
1 + 1+1 1
3

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 .

Thank You

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