Contents

TERMINOLOGY
1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 PURPOSE

1.2 SCOPE

1.3 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

2. LIFT PLAN AND EXECUTION

2.1 DEFINING THE LIFT

2.2 PLANNING

2.2.1 Risk Assessment

2.2.2 Categorising Lifting Operations

2.3 EXECUTION

2.3.1 Communication of Lift Plan

2.3.2 Conducting the Lifting Operation

2.3.3 Moving the Load

2.4 REACTING TO CHANGING CONDITIONS

2.5 LEARN AND RECORD

3. APPLICATION AND STEP-OUT APPROVAL

3.1 APPLICATION

3.2 STEP-OUT AND APPROVAL

APPENDICES

APPENDIX 1 - RISK MATRIX

APPENDIX 2 - SAMPLE LIFT PLAN

APPENDIX 3 - SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR EXECUTION OF LIFT OPERATIONS

APPENDIX 4 - SAMPLE OF JOB HAZARDS ANALYSIS (JHA) FORM

APPENDIX 5 - 10 QUESTIONS FOR A SAFE LIFT

TERMINOLOGY
Terminology specific to this document is given in the table below:

Abbreviation/Term Meaning
The net capacity is the gross crane capacity minus deductions.
The deductions differ from manufacturer to manufacturer as well
as between crane types.
Deductions normally are:
 Weight of main hook block
Net Capacity
 Weight of slings and rigging
 Weight of auxiliary hook block
 Weight of all wire rope from boom tip and the block
 Weight of any stowed jib
The gross capacity is the capacity shown in the crane’s load or
Gross Capacity
capacity charts.
A person who has appropriate practical and theoretical
knowledge and experience of the lifting operations to enable
Lift Planner
him to prepare a full working lift plan and who is approved by the
lifting equipment engineer.
Competent Authorised Person is a person who is appointed by
CAP the production co-ordinator (site-manager) to undertake the day-
to-day control of lifting equipment.
A unique number given to an item of lifting equipment for
Equipment Tag Number
registration purposes and to facilitate traceability.
Text English.
A person from a third party certification authority who has the
appropriate practical and theoretical knowledge and experience
of the lifting accessories to be thoroughly inspected against the
Lifting Inspector
applicable lifting equipment standards in relation to the safety
and continued use of the lifting tackle and who is approved by
the lifting equipment engineer.
A person from a third party certification company who has the
appropriate practical and theoretical knowledge and experience
Lifting Engineer of the lifting equipment to be thoroughly inspected as will enable
(surveyor) him to detect defects or weaknesses and to assess their
importance in relation to the safety and continued use of the
lifting equipment.
The term NDT inspector is used to describe any person carrying
out NDT inspection on lifting equipment. In all cases, the
NDT Inspector inspector shall have experience and training suitable to the NDT
inspection being performed. (min level 2 as per ASNT Tc 1a or
equivalent)
1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 PURPOSE

This document provides the procedure to be used for crane operational practices.

The key to safe crane operation is having qualified personnel using the correct
equipment in a safe manner. This procedure will outline the issues relating to the
selection of the correct people for the task. It will describe the operational practices to
be used by these people as part of a safe and effective crane and rigging program.

1.2 SCOPE

This procedure applies to all lifting operations.The lift planning process describes the
systematic assessment of important load factors and site factors. It is as applicable to
“simple” routine lifts as well as ”heavy” non-routine lifts. Planning a non-routine lift
requires considerable effort. In a lift determined to be non-critical, many of the
elements can be determined "by inspection"; and the depth involved in a non-routine
lift will not be required. Nevertheless, the planning process must be followed.

This procedure prohibits a person from riding or travelling on the load, lifting hook,
sling, platform or other lifting medium.
1.3 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

WHO WHAT
Project Manager To identify the need for a crane based on his/her workscope requirement.
To identify lifting parameters needed to execute the work.

To ensure that a risk assessment is carried out and a liftplan is

prepared/approved.
Executing Dept.
To source a certified mobile crane from registered contractor/operator under
their current contract.

To constantly monitor the approved plan and identify improvement for future
work.
To establish crane capacity and boom length in order to carry out the given
Contractor/Crane supplier
workscope safely and in accordance with this procedure.
To review and approve lifting plan and operation submitted by
contractor/crane supplier via the Executing Department as and when
Lifting Engineer required.
To constantly monitor the approved plan and identify improvement for
future.
To control the crane operations as per approved liftplan.
To participate in JHA/risk assessment/toolbox talk for the lift.
To perform pre-use crane inspections.
Crane Operator
To maintain crane operation logbook comprising manuals, pre-use
inspection lists, crane/lifting gear certificates, wire rope certificate and
hook block certificate.
To co-ordinate the lifting movements and maintains radio- and/or visual
communication with crane operator and persons close to the load.

To participate in JHA/risk assessment/ toolbox talk for the lift.

Banksman
Should not get involved as Rigger when also performing the role of a
Banksman.

To inspect the rigging, select rigging to suit the load, install the equipment.

Slinger/Rigger To participate in JHA/risk assessment/toolbox talk for the lift.

To connect/disconnect the load.

Person in charge of the To co-ordinate and control all aspects of lifting operations on site.
lift (PIC) Liaise with the lifting equipment engineer.
2 LIFT PLAN AND EXECUTION

2.1 DEFINING THE LIFT

When a lifting operation has to be carried out, it has to be checked if this particular
lifting operation has been carried out before on that site. A risk assessment and Lift
Plan might already exist.

If a risk assessment and Lift Plan do exist then they shall be assessed to confirm that
they are still applicable (e.g. changes to personnel, equipment, site layout or work
environment could all result in the need for re-assessment of hazards). Assuming that
significant changes have not taken place then lifting operations may proceed under the
requirements of the Lift Plan subject to approval by the lifting engineer.

If the lifting operations have not been carried out before, a competent person will
prepare a Lift Plan. This has to be initiated by the executing department.

To define the lift the following parameters are established:

 Load weight, shape, centre of gravity and availability of adequate lifting points
 Initial and final load positions and how it will get there
 The environment in which the Lifting Equipment will be used

2.2 PLANNING

2.2.1 Risk Assessment

For every lifting operation the risks have to be assessed and controlled.

As part of the Hazard Effect Management Process (HEMP), a risk assessment is

carried out prior to any lifting operation to identify associated hazards, their severity
and likelihood of occurrence. The Group (YG) ‘Risk Assessment Matrix’ (RAM) for
determining risk is shown in App.1 and is the basis of the risk assessment process,
with the objective of ensuring that all tasks have Low Risk through elimination or
adequate control. All risk assessments are formally to be documented. A sample form
is attached under APPENDIX.4

The risk assessment addresses a.o. the following aspects and activities:

 Cultural, communication and language difficulties

  Weight, size, shape and centre of gravity of load
 Availability of approved lifting points on load
 Method of slinging/attaching/detaching the load
 Overturning/load integrity/need for tag lines
 Suitability and condition of Lifting Equipment to be used
 Initial and final load positions and how it will get there
 Ground and underground considerations
 Lifting over live equipment
 Number and duration of lift(s)
 Conflicting tasks in area
 Environmental conditions including weather and permissible limits
 Lighting in the pick-up and lay-down areas
 Proximity hazards, obstructions, path of load (e.g. potentially live electrical,
hydraulic or pneumatic lines, underground conduits, bridges and overhead
structures)
 Working under suspended loads
 Access and emergency escape routes for the Lifting Appliance Operator and
load handlers (e.g. Banksman, Slinger)
 Experience, competence and training of personnel
 Number of personnel required for task
 Pre-Use Inspection of equipment by Operator
 Visibility of the load at all times by either the Lifting Appliance Operator
or the person guiding the load (Banksman). He must maintain communication
with the Operator at all times either via hand signals, radio or a relay Signal
Banksman.
2.2.2 Categorising Lifting Operations

As an aid to identifying risks and suitable controls, lifting operations are categorised to
reflect increasing risk and increasing level of control required as per categorisation
scheme as given below:
 Routine Lifts

This classification comprises:

 Routine crane operations

 Repetitive lifting operations using the same equipment (eg drilling activities), and
 Routine lifting operations with Loose Lifting Equipment

A generic risk assessment and Lift Plan may be used for Routine Lifts. However,
classifying a lifting operation as ‘routine’ does not automatically make it a ‘safe’ lifting
operation – most incidents associated with lifting occur during routine operations. The
risk assessments and Lift Plans shall always be reviewed during the Toolbox Talk for
continued applicability.

The control requirements for each category of lift are as follows:

Category of Lift Documentation/Controls Competent

Personnel
 Routine Crane Operations when:  Risk Assessment Crane Operator
 Gross load is less than 5 tonnes, or (generic) Banksman and / or
 Gross load represents less than 50% of  Lift Plan (generic) Slinger/ Rigger
the load chart at working radius (initiated by Drilling Crew
 Within the normal operating parameters executing
of the crane department and
 Lifting over non-sensitive areas approved by the
 Suitable environmental conditions lifting engineer)
 Familiar, competent Crane Operators  Job Hazard Analysis
 Load has known and evaluated weight,  Work Permit
shape and centre of gravity  Toolbox Talk
 Standard rigging arrangements  Safety checklist
 Repetitive functions with same  10 questions for a
equipment and with same operators (eg safe lift
repeat rig moves)

Non-Routine Lifts

Non-routine lifting operations can be further sub-divided to reflect increasing risk:

  Simple lifting operations using Loose Lifting Equipment
 Complicated lifting operations eg tandem lifting
 Complex / Critical / Heavy lifting operations requiring a Lift Plan with engineering
input
The control requirements for each category of lift are as follows:

Category of Lift Documentation/Controls Competent

Personnel
Non-Routine – Simple when:  Risk assessment Maintenance
 Gross load is less than 25 tonnes, or  Lift Plan initiated by Technicians
 Gross load is greater than 50%, but executing Riggers
less than 75% of the load chart at department/
working radius prepared by
 Equipment specifically installed by a contractor (approved
competent operator by the lifting
 Load has known and evaluated engineer)
weight  Job Hazard Analysis
 Centre of gravity below the lifting  Work Permit
point  Safety checklist
 Use of a certified lifting point directly  Toolbox Talk
above the load  10 questions for a
 Ample headroom safe lift
 Outwith sensitive, difficult or
restricted areas
 Single lifting appliance
 Unlikely to be affected by changing
environmental conditions
 Experienced and competent Lifting
Appliance Operator
 Standard rigging arrangements
 Suitable laydown area available
Non-Routine – Complicated when:  Risk assessment Crane Operator
 Gross load is greater than 25 tonnes,  Specific Lift Plan Banksman (Signaller)
or initiated by executing Slinger / Rigger
 Gross load represents more than department/prepared
75% of the load chart at working by contractor
radius, or (approved by the
 Gross load is greater than 30 tonnes lifting engineer)
and is also greater than 80% of the  Job Safety Analysis
manufacturer’s load chart  Work Permit
 Continuation of a lifting operation  Safety checklist
with different equipment (due to  Toolbox Talk
malfunction, inadequacy or  10 questions for a
unsuitability) safe lift
 Use of two or more Lifting
Appliances (tandem lifting)
  Within sensitive, difficult or restricted
areas
Non-Routine – Complex / Critical / Heavy  Formal work pack Crane Operator
Lift when: with method Banksman (Signaller)
statement, including Slinger/Rigger
calculations
 Lift Plan prepared
 Gross load is greater than 75 tonnes, and
or  reviewed by a
 Gross load represents more than qualified engineer
90% of the load chart at working (approved by the
radius, or lifting engineer)
 Gross load is greater than 50 tonnes  Risk assessment
and is also greater than 80% of the  Job Hazard Analysis
load chart.  Work Permit
 Continuation of a lifting operation  Safety checklist
with different personnel; for example,  Toolbox Talk
shift changeover  10 questions for a
 Lifting of personnel, including drill safe lift
floor Man Riding operations
 Over or in sensitive areas – active or
energized hydrocarbon-containing
process equipment, near overhead
electrical power lines
 Use of two or more cranes (tandem
lifting)
 Lifting with a helicopter
 Transferring the load from one lifting
appliance to another (tailing lift)
 In environmental conditions likely to
affect
 equipment performance
 Load with unknown / difficult to
estimate weight and / or centre of
gravity
 Load is special and / or expensive
whose loss would have a serious
impact on production operations
 Non-standard rigging arrangements
 Load lowered into or lifted from a
confined space
Lift Plan

A Lift Plan is prepared or identified for every lift. The Lift Plan comprises ao:

 The competent person planning the lift

 Calculations
 Equipment required
  Personnel required and their particular roles
 Step-by-step instructions
 Communication methods to be used
 Contingency and rescue plans
All Lift Plans – generic, specific or engineered – are developed, reviewed and
approved by persons competent to do so. This shall be initiated by the executing
department.

A sample Lift Plan is included in App.2 showing the elements required.

2.3 EXECUTION

2.3.1 Communication of Lift Plan

Prior to starting of lifting operations a competent person shall hold a Toolbox Talk with
all personnel assigned to carry out the lift. Application of the ‘10 questions for a safe lift’
to the lift shall be covered during the Toolbox Talk (Appendix 5).

The Person-in-Charge (PIC) shall be clearly identified and made known to all members
of the lift team and personnel in the proximity.

All personnel involved in the lifting operation shall have their individual responsibilities
clearly allocated.

All personnel should have the opportunity to review the findings of the risk assessment
and the details of the Lift Plan to ensure that everyone clearly understands and agrees
with the methods and control measures to be used.

2.3.2 Conducting the Lifting Operation

Lifting operations shall be conducted in strict accordance with the approved Lift Plan.
Any variation from the agreed Lift Plan shall result in the job being stopped and
reassessed to ensure continued safe operation.

The Lifting Appliance Operator shall obey an emergency stop signal at all times, no
matter who gives it.

When lifting operations need to be controlled by signals, a designated signal person

shall be assigned. Signals between the Lifting Appliance Operator and the designated
signal person (Banksman / Signaller) shall be audible or visible at all times.
 The appropriate load-radius chart for the Lifting Appliance configuration in use shall be
visible to the operator.

Load to be lifted shall be confirmed to be within the rated capacity of the Lifting
Equipment and attached by means of suitable Lifting Accessories.

The Operator of the Lifting Appliance shall not leave the operating controls while the
load is suspended.

2.3.3 Moving the Load

 Prior to lifting the PIC shall be satisfied that the load is secure and properly
balanced and that the load path is clear of obstructions and personnel
 At commencement of the first lift the Lifting Appliance Operator shall carefully
check the operation of the hoist brake to ensure no slippage occurs
 Take up sling slack to confirm that the Lifting Appliance hook has been
positioned centrally over the load lifting point, adjust the Lifting Equipment as
necessary to minimise any ‘drift’ of the load as it is lifted
 No external forces shall be applied to the load that create significant side
loading of the Lifting Equipment
 For crane operations appropriate tag lines shall be used to control the load–
large or long loads with flat sides that could act as a ‘sail’ are particularly prone
to spinning and tag lines shall be used – tag lines shall be secured to the load
and not to the rigging slings
 Cranes shall not be used for dragging a load
 No fewer than five (5) full wraps of rope must remain on the winch drum in any
operating conditions.

Additional requirements, specific to particular equipment or operations, are detailed in

APPENDIX 3.

2.4 REACTING TO CHANGING CONDITIONS

All critical lifting parameters (e.g. weather, sea state, visibility, terrain stability and
slope, surrounding operations and installations, site access and egress, Lifting
 Equipment, personnel) shall be identified during the risk assessment and preparation
of the Lift Plan.

The PIC shall ensure that these conditions are monitored as lifting operations proceed
to ensure continued safety.

If, as part of the operation and maintenance of equipment, the computer system shuts
down the operation, the load must be placed on the ground and a new lift plan must be
developed, eliminating the condition that caused the shut down.

Procedures for recovering and landing the load in the event of the lift being aborted
shall be clearly identified.

2.5 LEARN AND RECORD

After completing the lifting operation, everyone involved in the lift should have the
opportunity to discuss and make improvements to the Lift Plan. Any learning points
noted on the plan must be reviewed by a competent person and, where appropriate,
action taken. Learning points may include feedback on equipment effectiveness, lifting
techniques, personnel, etc.

APPLICATION AND STEP-OUT APPROVAL

2.6 APPLICATION

This Lift planning procedure is applicable to all lifting operations / lifting equipment. As
such, this document is mandatory and shall be adhered to by all parties, involved in
lifting operations.

2.7 STEP-OUT AND APPROVAL

Any step-out from this procedure shall be addressed to the lifting equipment engineer
in writing. He will review and authorise the deviation in exceptional circumstances.
 APPENDICES

APPENDIX 1 - RISK MATRIX

The RAM provides one means of determining the level of risk associated with any task
through consideration of the potential severity of any incident and the likelihood of such an
incident occurring.

For different applications different overlays of the Risk Assessment Matrix can be used.
Consequences Increasing likelihood
A B C D E
Never Happens
Environment
Severity

Reputation

Heard
heard Happens several
of in Incident
People

Assets

of in several times
E&P has
E&P times per year
Industr occurred
Industr per year in a
y
y location
No
injury or No
0 health damage
No effect No impact
effect
Slight
injury or Slight Slight
1 health damage effect
Slight impact
effect
Minor
injury or Minor Minor Limited
2 health damage effect impact
effect
3 Major Localised Localised Considerable
injury or damage effect impact
 health
effect
4
PTD* or
Major Major National
1
damage effect impact
fatality

Multiple Extensiv
Massive International
5 fatalitie e
effect impact
s damage

*PTD = Permanent Total Disability

Risk Assessment
…A scale of consequences from “0” to “5” is used to indicate increasing severity…
The potential consequences, rather than the actual ones, are used….
…After assessing the potential outcome, the likelihood on the horizontal axis is estimated on
the
basis of historical evidence or experience that such consequences have materialised within the
industry, the company or a smaller unit. Note that this should not be confused with the
likelihood
that the hazard is released: it is the likelihood of the estimated consequences occurring.
…In Operating Units or new ventures where experience is limited, it is recommended that the
probability be assessed on the basis of knowledge from similar operations in other Operating
Units….

The following interpretations may assist in determining likelihood when assessing risks
specific to lifting and hoisting operations:
Low Risk May be acceptable but review task to see if risk can be reduced further.
Medium Risk Task should only be undertaken with appropriate management
authorisation after consultation with specialist personnel and assessment
team. Where possible, the task should be redefined to take account of
the hazards involved or the risk should be reduced further prior to task
commencement.
High Risk Task shall not proceed. It should be redefined or further control
measures put in place to reduce risk. The controls should be reassessed
for adequacy prior to task commencement.
APPENDIX 2 - SAMPLE LIFT PLAN
LIFTING OPERATION PLAN PAGE 1 of
Location: Area:

Permit Number: Risk Assessment Number:

Generic Lifting Plan No: Method Statement Number:

Is Diagram/Sketch/Calculations Of Lifting Operation Enclosed? YES/NO nr.:
Description Of Lifting Operation:

Lift Category: Routine: Non-Routine:

Weight Of Load: Actual / Assessed (delete as appropriate)

Lifting Equipment & Accessories to be used (specify type ,SWL and colour code)

All Lifting Operations Require The Following To Be Considered But This List Is Not Exhaustive.
Cultural, communication and language difficulties Conflicting tasks in area
Weight, size, shape and centre of gravity of load 
Availability of approved lifting points on load  Environmental conditions including weather and
Method of slinging/attaching/detaching the load permissible limits
Overturning/load integrity/need for tag lines Lighting in the pick-up and lay-down areas;
Suitability and condition of lifting equipment to be used Proximity hazards, obstructions, path of load
Initial and final load positions and how it will get there Working under suspended loads
Ground and underground considerations Access and emergency escape routes
Lifting over live equipment Experience, competence and training of personnel
Number and duration of lift(s) Number of personnel required for task
 Pre-Use Inspection of equipment by operator
Visibility of the load

Task Details (Step By Step)

Method(s) Of Communication To Be Used Radio Verbal Hand Signals 

Steps Taken To Eliminate Danger To Personnel Involved and Others (including barriers where appropriate):

De-brief and learning points:

Prepared By/Name: Signature: Date:

Reviewed By/Name: Signature: Date:

Approved By/Name: Signature: Date:

APPENDIX 3 - SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR EXECUTION OF LIFT OPERATIONS
3. Handling of tubulars
Slinging of Tubulars
Key elements and practices for the safe operation of slinging tubulars or tubular bundles are
described in this section.
Handling
 Only tubulars of the same diameter or size and about the same length should be
bundledtogether
 The number of tubes in each bundle should be such that the middle tubes are gripped
and will not slip out of the bundle. Whenever practicable tubulars over 5.5” in diameter
should be bundled in ‘odd’ numbers
 Tubulars should always be slung with two slings, each of the same length and of the
same SWL
 Slings should be placed positioned at equaldistance (approximately 25% of total
length) from the ends of the load. They should be double wrapped and choked around
the tubular either when using steel slings or nylon webbing
 The sling should be of sufficient length to ensure that the choke is on the sling body,
never on the sling splice, fittings, tag, eye or at the base of the sling eye or fitting
 Excessive long tubular bundles may have a tag line attached. This shall be subject to a
JHA
 Care should be taken on removing slings due to stowage movement
 Whilst loading, consideration should be given to the installation discharging sequence
 Ensure thread protectors and endcaps are securely fastened
 Due care and attention should be taken when loading tubulars to avoid damage to
slings
 Slings shall not cross under the load to avoid damage to the sling
 Prior to making any lifts, the release of rigging should be considered. Precautions are
required to prevent personnel from being trapped between tubulars during release of
rigging

Transportation
  Certified transportation frames are considered best practice for chrome casings to
avoid/reduce body to body contact
 In preparing tubulars for transportation it is good practice to pick up the tubing bundle
for a second time to see if more slack can be taken out using clamps or bulldog clips
Storage
 Tubular ‘stacks’ should be segregated by pipe posts
 The bottom stow of tubulars should be individually ‘chocked’ or secured by other
mechanical means to stop movement

4. Mobile Crane Operations

Persons shall not be permitted to board or leave the crane without first obtaining the Crane
Operator’s permission.

The crane shall not be left unattended.

The PIC shall obtain information on wind conditions prior to starting a lifting operation. The
lifting
operation shall be stopped, or the mobile crane secured in an out-of-service condition, as
appropriate, when the wind speed limits, as indicated by the manufacturer, are exceeded.

The PIC shall ensure that the ground (soil test), or any means of support, can sustain loads
imposed by the crane and is suitable for the crane to operate within the levels and other
parameters specified by the crane manufacturer. Side loads shall be avoided.

When siting a crane, point loads through the outrigger / stabiliser beams and jack pads shall
be
spread over a sufficient area to support the outrigger pad and to prevent the crane overturning
or becoming unstable. The PIC shall ensure that the siting can accommodate the crane with
the
outriggers extended and set as specified in the load chart. The mobile crane shall only be
operated in level position.

Danger to and from underground services (gas, electricity, water) shall be taken into
consideration and precautions taken to ensure that the crane foundation is clear of such
services or that they are adequately protected.

On-site travel of fully rigged wheeled cranes, whether loaded or unloaded, shall not be
allowed.
While in transit the boom shall be retracted and carried in line with the direction of motion and
the superstructure secured against rotation (or the boom placed in a boom rack mounted on
the
carrier). The empty hook shall be lashed or otherwise restrained so that it cannot swing freely.
If
the crane has a telescopic boom it shall be set to the fully closed position.

Counterweights shall be properly secured and under no circumstances counterweights shall be

used heavier than the manufacturer's recommended weight.

3. Overhead Gantry Crane Operation

Operators of overhead gantry cranes shall carry out daily checks on the cranes and use shall
be
prohibited if the limit switches, wire ropes, chains or other components are severely worn or in
disrepair.

Personnel working in the vicinity of the crane shall:

 Be clear of a lifted load at all times
 Not work or move under a suspended load
 Not ride on the hook or load
 Directional movement shall be made smoothly and deliberately; avoid rapid movements
in any direction

Do not exceed the rated capacity of the crane, hoist, chain, sling or any other component.
Slings, load chains and other accessories shall be fully and securely seated in the hook before
moving a load. Remove slack from the sling, chain or cable before lifting a load.

Use the following practices to avoid a swinging load:

 Locate the hoist directly above the lifting point of the load before lifting
  Lower loads directly below the hoist – do not allow the load to be pulled to one side
while suspended
 Maintain a minimum of five (5) full wraps of cable on the hoisting drum at all times

When lifting loads at or near the crane rated capacity test the hoist brakes by returning the
master switch or push button to the “OFF” position after raising the load a few centimetres off
the floor. If the brakes do not hold, lower the load to the floor slowly and do not continue with
the lifting operation. Report the situation immediately and DO NOT USE the crane until repairs
have been carried out.

Ensure that all loads are lifted high enough to clear obstructions before moving the bridge or
trolley. Whenever possible, maintain a minimum clearance of 300mm above obstacles and to
the sides of the load. Raise the load only to the height necessary to clear lower objects.

Never pull a hoist by the pendant cable. Never leave the controls unattended while a load is
suspended. If it becomes necessary to leave the controls, lower the load to the floor.

Familiarise yourself with the location of the disconnect/isolation switch.

If loss of power occurs, place controls in the “OFF” position to prevent unexpected start-up
upon restoration of power. Disconnect power to a hoist that is unsafe or in need of repair –
follow the ‘Lock-Out’ procedure.

The daily inspection shall include:

 Check for any loose or missing parts
 Check end-stops, which prevent the trolley from running off the beam
 Know the location of the disconnect/isolation switch that will cut power off only to the
hoist or crane. Be sure that it is readily accessible and not blocked.
 Make sure all control buttons are clearly labelled to indicate their function. Operate
each
button to make sure it functions properly, releases immediately and does not stick
 Check upper hoist limit switch by slowly raising the block to trip the switch
  Lower the hoist block to activate the lower limit switch if the hoist is so equipped,
leaving at least five turns of rope on the hoist drum
 Make sure wire rope is properly seated in its drum and sheave grooves without any
slack or overlapping
 Operate the crane or hoist a short distance (300-600mm) in each direction that it
travels.
Listen for any unusual noises and look for any jerky movements
 When moving an A-frame hoist, take care to ensure that the wheels on each side stay
on the track
 Check all hooks – hooks shall not be cracked, stretched, bent or twisted. Each hook
shall have a safety latch that automatically closes the throat of the hook. If the latch is
bent, spring is broken or is otherwise damaged the latch shall be repaired before use.
Hooks shall rotate freely in a block assembly
 Check the block assembly for structural damage or cracks in any components. Sheaves
shall rotate freely. The sheave guard shall be unbroken and intact. No part of the
sheave
guard shall be in contact with the wire rope or sheave
 Lower the block to the lowest level and check the wire rope for the following:
- Reduced diameter of the rope – this may indicate that the rope has been stretched,
has lost its inner core support or has worn wires
- Any number of broken strands or wire
- Kinked, crushed, cut, heat damaged or “bird-caged” wire rope
 Check the load chain for damage, wear at contact points, cracks or distorted (bent,
twisted or stretched) links. Inspect all mechanical coupling links to ensure linking pins
are secured and in good condition
 Check the condition and capacity of all accessories – nylon or synthetic web sling, wire
rope slings, shackles. Capacity ratings shall be legible. The capacity of the sling being
used shall be adequate for the load and attachment method

The following shutdown procedure shall be followed:

 Position the crane so that it will not cause an obstruction
 Remove the load and Lifting Accessories from the hook
 Raise the hook block clear of obstructions, personnel and plant
  Apply brakes
 Ensure that the controller is in neutral and apply the “STOP” button
 Turn off the auxiliary isolating switch
 Turn off the main isolating switch

4. Operating Near Overhead Electric Power Lines and Cables

If any part of a crane, including rope, slings or load, touches or even approaches overhead
electric lines or cables there is a serious risk of fatal accident. The work shall be performed so
there is no possibility of the crane, load line or load becoming a conductive path.
In general, the PIC shall ensure that the crane does not operate within:
15 metres (50 feet) plus the maximum achievable boom length, measured horizontally, for
overhead lines on steel towers; or 9 metres (30 feet) plus the maximum achievable boom
length, measured horizontally, for overhead lines on wood, concrete or steel poles.

Additionally, the PIC shall consider:

 Isolation of electricity if possible
 Contacting the electricity provider
 Weather – effect on the safe working zone
 Use of physical barriers e.g. goal posts

Cranes shall not be used to handle materials stored under electric power lines unless any
combination of boom, load, load line or machine component cannot enter the prohibited zone.
Overhead lines and other electrical apparatus shall be considered live unless declared ‘dead’
and ‘safe’ by the Line Operator. Crane Operators shall not rely on the coverings of wires for
their protection.
Where the possibility of contact with energised power lines exists then durable signs shall be
installed at the operator’s station and on the outside of the crane warning that electrocution or
serious bodily injury may occur unless minimum clearances are maintained between the crane
or the load being handled and energised power lines.
See also SP-1242 Activities within vicinity of overhead powerlines, which have to be strictly
adhered to.
5. Tandem Lifting
Tandem lifts for weight reasons alone (because a load is too heavy for a single crane) shall
only be considered as a last option.
All tandem lifts shall only be authorised by the lifting engineer and Site Manager and, based on
a risk assessment demonstrating that other alternatives are not technically feasible.
Tandem lifts shall only be carried out with lifting devices equipped with a load indicator.
Tandem lifts shall always be classified as Non-Routine Lift and should at least follow the
preparations outlined for this type of lift.
In addition, the following controls shall always be in place:
 Positions of cranes and loads to be carefully assessed in the Lift Plan, documented in
drawings, and verified by the PIC prior to commencing the lift
 Loads for both cranes to be calculated, including the range of permitted tolerances, and
documented. Speeds of raising / lowering the load and slewing of the cranes shall be
documented in the Lift Plan
 The lift area to be fenced off and a permit-to-work system in operation, the load shall
not be transferred over personnel at any time
 A full function test of all power, transmission, control, and safety systems to be carried
out prior to the commencement of the lift, by competent personnel
 Only one person giving signals to be appointed for both cranes and shall have direct
sight vision (and permanent radio contact) to the Crane Operators
 Prior to the lift, the PIC to ascertain that both load lines are vertical without side / off
loading of the boom
 Upon signal, both cranes to lift slowly, to either the calculated weight tolerance limit or
until the load is free, and STOP
 The PIC to confirm that the full load has been transmitted prior to authorizing the lift to
continue. The safe load indicator accuracy and the integrity of the braking mechanism
to be verified before the lift continues
 Raising or lowering the lift, or slewing of the crane, to only be undertaken at the signal
from the signalman and at the previously agreed speeds
  Be aware that if the load is moved from horizontal to vertical the weight on each crane
will change significantly
6 Powered Industrial Trucks including Fork Lift Trucks (FLTs)
Daily / Pre-Use Inspections
These inspections must be performed and documented by the qualified operator prior to first
use each day or shift the truck is used. These checks ensure that audible and visual
warning equipment is working correctly by carrying out function tests prior to any lifting
operations.

Operations
Key elements and practices for the safe operation of powered industrial trucks shall include,
but may not be limited too, dependent on local legislation and conditions, the following:
 Before each operation or series of operations, the Operator shall:
- Perform a pre-operational check to demonstrate operational readiness of the
truck. If controls do not operate properly, the Operator is responsible for
notifying the supervisor. Repairs and adjustments are made before operations
begin
- Ensure the equipment is within inspection and testing intervals by examination
of the periodic re-certification tags and/or documentation
- Adhere to all tags on the controls
- Ensure, if fitted, that seat belts are worn when operating a powered industrial
truck equipped with a roll over protection device
 During operations, the Operator shall:
- Drive at speeds appropriate for the existing conditions (space, load, lighting,
surface conditions, etc.) and at or below posted limits
- Keep all parts of the body inside the Operator compartment during operations
- Not start or operate the truck or any of its attachments from any place other
than from the Operators position
 - Ensure other personnel are not in the swing radius prior to performing turning
manoeuvres
- Sound the horn when approaching cross aisles, doorways and other locations
where pedestrians may step into the path of truck travel
- Verify sufficient headroom under overhead installations, lights, wiring, pipes,
sprinkler systems etc
- Ensure they are driven on suitable surfaces. Road humps and rough or soft
surfaces are to be avoided
- Movement with loads in excessively raised positions shall not be carried out to
avoid the danger of toppling, especially on uneven surfaces and while cornering
- Shall only be used for loads, which can be carried safely on the forks or
attachments fitted. Non-standard, unpackaged and excessively wide loads shall
be avoided wherever possible. In particular, long tubes shall be carried using
appropriate attachments
- They are not to be operated on excessive gradients or across gradients (In
general they should be driven forwards up a slope, backwards down a slope
and in line with the incline. It may be necessary to raise the forks slightly at the
bottom of a slope to avoid grounding)
 No personnel shall:
- Put any part of the body into the mast structure or between the mast and truck
- Be allowed to stand or pass under the elevated portion of any truck, empty or
loaded
 Unauthorised personnel shall not be permitted to ride on powered industrial trucks
A safe place to ride (i.e. another seat) should be provided where riding of trucks is
authorised
 Equipment shall not be loaded beyond its rated load (capacity) except for required
testing
 Trucks should not be driven up to anyone standing in front of an object
 Only approved industrial trucks shall be used in areas classified as hazardous locations
 When parked:
- The engine shall be switched off, the key removed and the hand-brake applied
- The keys shall be kept in a secure place and only issued to authorised
operators for the duration of the duty period or task
 - They shall be parked in secure areas to deter access by unauthorised
personnel
- They do not block access to fire aisles, stairways, or fire equipment
 While refueling, the engine shall be stopped and the Operator shall not be on the truck
 Lifting personnel with a powered industrial truck is not allowed, and alternative methods
have to be used (e.g. mobile aerial platform)
Rough Terrain Operations for FLTs
The operation of rough terrain FLTs involves special hazards, which require additional care
and
consideration:
 Care shall be taken at all times to ensure that traction is retained. Loss of traction due
to the nature of the terrain or weight transfer taking load off the driving wheels is to be
avoided
 Care shall be taken and speeds minimised to reduce the risk of load toppling caused by
the imbalance induced when operating on rough terrain
 Operators shall ensure that the parking brake is capable of holding the FLT stationary
on an incline (some rough terrain vehicles are capable of climbing inclines steeper than
those on which the parking brake will hold the vehicle)
 Checks for overhead obstructions shall be made before lifting and transporting loads
 Special care shall be taken near power lines and other materials handling vehicles such
as mobile cranes
 Driving rough terrain FLTs on public roads shall be kept to a minimum. When public
roadtravel is necessary, fork arms shall be removed, folded or protected in some way
so that they do not present a hazard to other road users. Where this is not possible,
forks shall be painted or otherwise made highly visible
 Rough terrain FLT Operators shall wear seat belts while operating their vehicles.

Repairs
If repairs or part replacement is required then the following guidelines shall be followed:
 Immediately take the truck out of service if an unsafe condition is identified or restrict its
operation to eliminate the unsafe condition
 Repair or replace all critical components promptly by or under supervision of a qualified
mechanic
  An original equipment manufacturer or other approved vendor should supply spare
parts or components
 Document in writing all repairs or replacements as per the PM program

7. Personnel Lifting Devices / Mobile Aerial Platforms

Daily / Pre-Use Inspections
These inspections shall be performed and documented by the qualified operator prior to first
use, each day or shift the equipment is used.
Operations
Personnel lifting devices and mobile aerial platforms shall be operated according to applicable
government requirements, and manufacturers’ instructions. The following practices shall be
followed:
 Determine through JHA process that the proposed personnel lifting operation is either
the least hazardous method or the only method available to position personnel so that
an operation can be accomplished

 Before use, the Operator shall:

- Have read and understood the manufacturer’s operating instructions and safety
rules, have been trained and licensed according to SP-1251 Training
Requirements for Lifting Operations Personnel and have read and understood
all decals and warnings on the device
- Inspect the personnel lifting device or mobile aerial platforms per the daily/Pre-
Use Inspection requirements
- Perform a pre-operational check to demonstrate operational readiness. If
controls do not operate properly, the Operator is responsible for notifying the
supervisor. Repairs and adjustments shall be made before operations begin.
The Operator shall adhere to all tags placed on the controls
- Ensure that the personnel lifting device is within inspection and testing intervals
by examination of the periodic re-certification tags and documentation
- Test the agreed communication system. Operation shall stop immediately upon
communication loss and should not continue until communication is restored
 - Before operating the machine, make sure all safety gates are closed and
fastened in their proper position

 Personnel shall:
- Keep all parts of the body, tools, and equipment inside the work platform
periphery during raising, lowering, and travelling operations
- Hold onto a moving platform using both hands
- Secure tools and other objects in canvas bags or by other methods so that both
hands are free and do not present a snagging hazard. Alternate methods of tool
delivery beside personnel lifting devices should be investigated
- Wear fall protection with a lanyard attached to an authorised lanyard anchorage
point. Attach only one (1) lanyard per lanyard anchorage point
- Detailed technical operating procedures describing personnel lifting device
operation, emergency steps, communication requirements, and special
requirements should be prepared
- Personnel lifting device or mobile aerial platforms shall not be loaded beyond its
rated load (capacity) except for required testing

- Consideration shall be given to prevailing environmental conditions (e.g. wind

max. 12.5 m/s or as indicated by manufacturer), as well as aspects of the device
(e.g. sail area) before commencing operations
 The following additional requirements shall be followed for mobile aerial platform
operations:
- Check all limit switches and outrigger drift switches, if applicable
- Survey the area for applicable hazards such as:
 Overhead obstructions and high-voltage conductors;
  Debris, bumps and
loose obstructions,
drop-offs, holes, ditches, open earth fills, obstructed path of travel,
unstable footing, and other possible hazardous conditions.

 Electrocution Hazards
- For work on or near electrical distribution and transmission lines, mobile aerial
platforms shall be operated in accordance with the applicable national and or
local standard e.g. ANSI/SIA ASME standard
Note: for non-insulated platforms it is recommended that the following sign is
posted: ‘This machine is not insulated and does not provide protection from
contact or proximity to electrical current’
- Maintain safe distance from electrical lines, apparatus, or any energized
(exposed or insulated) parts according to the Minimum Safe Approach Distance
(MSAD) as shown in Table 1-1;

- Insulated mobile aerial platforms shall be tested and inspected in accordance

with the applicable standard e.g. BS EN 61057 or ANSI/SIA ASME standard;
- Stow boom and shut off all power before leaving machine
- When two or more persons are in the platform, the Operator shall be
responsible for all machine operations
- Do not place boom or platform against any structure to steady the platform or to
support the structure
- Keep both feet firmly positioned on the platform floor at al times. Never use
ladders, boxes, steps, planks, or similar items on platform to provide additional
reach
- Never use the boom assembly to enter or leave the platform
- Do not use machine as a ground for welding
 - When performing welding or metal cutting operations, precautions shall be
taken to protect the chassis from direct exposure to weld and metal cutting
spatter
- Do not refuel the machine with the engine running
- Charge batteries only in a well ventilated area

 Tipping Hazards:
- The user shall be familiar with the surface before driving. Do not exceed the
allowable side slope and grade while driving
- Personnel Platforms/Carriers should not be elevated whilst on a sloping,
uneven, or soft surface. Personnel shall not be driven with the platform elevated
- Before driving on floors, bridges, trucks, and other surfaces, check allowable
capacity of the surfaces
- Never exceed the maximum platform capacity. Distribute loads evenly on
platform floor
- Do not raise the platform or drive from an elevated position unless the machine
is on firm, level surfaces and evenly supported
- Keep the chassis of the machine at least 2 ft. (0.6m) from holes, bumps, drop-
offs, obstructions, debris, concealed holes, and other potential hazards on the
floor/surface
- Do not push or pull any object with the boom
- Never attempt to use the machine as a crane. Do not tie-off machine to any
adjacent structure
- Do not operate the machine when wind conditions exceed 12.5 m/s or as
prescribed by manufacturer, local legislation and or procedures
- Do not increase the surface area of the platform or the load. Increase of the
area exposed to the wind will decrease stability
- Do not increase the platform size with unauthorised deck extensions or
attachments
- If boom assembly or platform is in a position that one or more wheels are off the
ground, all persons shall be removed before attempting to stabilize the machine.
Use cranes, forklift trucks, or other appropriate equipment to stabilize machine
and remove personnel
 Crushing and Collision Hazards
- All operating and ground personnel shall wear approved headgear
- Check work area for clearances overhead, on sides, and bottom of platform
when lifting or lowering platform, and driving
- During operation, keep all body parts inside platform railing
- Use the boom functions, not the drive function, to position the platform close to
obstacles
- Always post a lookout when driving in areas where vision is obstructed
- Keep non-operating personnel at least 6 ft. (1.8m) away from machine during all
driving and swing operations
- Limit travel speed according to conditions of ground surface, congestion,
visibility, slope, location of personnel, and other factors, which may cause
collision or injury to personnel
- Be aware of stopping distances in all drive speeds. When driving in high speed,
switch to low speed before stopping
- Travel grades in low speed only
- Do not use high-speed drive in restricted or close quarters or when driving in
reverse
- Exercise extreme caution at all times to prevent obstacles from striking or
interfering with operating controls and persons in the platform
- Be sure that operators of other overhead and floor level machines are aware of
the aerial work platform’s presence
- Disconnect power to overhead cranes
- Warn personnel not to work, stand, or walk under a raised boom or platform
- Position barricades on floor if necessary

 Towing, Lifting and Hauling

- Never allow personnel in platform while towing, lifting, or hauling, unless so
designed that the operator has to be on the platform to drive it

 The following additional requirements shall be followed for man riding baskets
operations:
- Man baskets are only to be used in exceptional circumstances, when there are
no alternatives and has to be approved by the site manager in writing.
- The suitability of the mobile crane has to be checked carefully. Use check list
from NSL Aberdeen (Link: http://www.nsl-aberdeen.com/downloads.php )
- The lifting and supporting to be made under controlled conditions and under the
direction of one appointed person
- A crane driver always to be present at the normal crane control station when the
basket is occupied
- Visible and audible communication is there to be between the persons in the
basket and the crane driver at all times during the lifting operation
- The required equipment necessary to perform an emergency rescue to be
available throughout the lifting operation
- During operation the crane driver and signaller are not to do other work at the
same time, or direct a second crane and/or basket
- Lifting slings for suspended baskets not to be used for any other purpose
- People in the basket shall wear a harness with lanyard. A safety lanyard to be
attached to crane hook or basket anchoring point
- Suspended baskets not to be used in wind in excess of 7m/s, or other adverse
weather conditions that could affect the safety of personnel
- Machines which can be operated simultaneously in the same place with risks of
collision have to be stopped
- Unintended movement of the basket should, where possible, to be prevented
e.g. by means of guide ropes or anchoring
- The crane, suspended baskets, hook, catch, and fixed load lifting attachment to
be inspected prior to each use
- The hook must have a safety catch
- The lifting capacity of the crane employed is reduced to 10% at any given radius
- The basket to be positioned on a firm surface when entering or exiting
- Before employees exit or enter a suspended basket that is not landed, it is to be
secured to the structure where the work is to be performed
- Stay away from power lines unless all necessary precautions have been taken.
See also here above.
 APPENDIX 4 - SAMPLE OF JOB HAZARDS
ANALYSIS (JHA) FORM
APPENDIX 5 - 10 QUESTIONS FOR A SAFE LIFT

10 Questions for a Safe Lift

1. Is everyone aware of and do they fully understand the lifting and hoisting
procedures applicable to the lift?
2. Has everyone attended the toolbox talk?
3. Has a pre-use inspection of the Lifting Equipment been carried out and are the
Lifting Accessories tagged or marked with:
- Safe Working Load
- A unique identification number
- A valid certification date
4. Are all safety devices working?
5. Does everyone know the Person-in-Charge of the lift?
6. Is everyone competent and aware of his or her tasks?
7. Is there a current Lift Plan and JHA and does everybody understand the job and
precautions?
8. Does everyone know the environmental limits (e.g. maximum permissible wind
speed) for the lift?
9. Is the lift area controlled and is everyone clear if the load falls or swings?
10. Are signalling methods and communication agreed and clear to you?