HT TP: //qpa Pe R.W But .Ac .In: 2010-11 Distributed Database

Name : …………………………………………….
………………
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Roll No. : …………………………………………...……………..
Invigilator’s Signature : ………………………………………..
CS/B.TECH (CSE)/SEM-7/CS-704A/2010-11
p:/
2010-11
DISTRIBUTED DATABASE
Time Allotted : 3 Hours Full Marks : 70
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The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words
pap
as far as practicable.
GROUP – A
( Multiple Choice Type Questions )
1. Choose the correct alternatives for the following : 10 × 1 = 10

er.
i) In a heterogeneous distributed DBMS
a) Two different sites can use two different DBMS

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products, but data model must be the same.
b) Two different sites can use two different data
model, but DBMS product must be the same.

ut .
c) Two different sites can both different DBMS
products and data models.

a c.
d) Two different sites can use both different DBMS
products, but database languages must be the
same.
in
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ii) Preservation of functional dependency is ensured by

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which of the correctness rule of the fragmentation ?
a) Disjointness
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b) Reconstruction
c) Completeness
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d) All of these.
pap
iii) Which of the following statement is true ?
a) Horizontal fragmentation is subset of tuples.
b) Vertical fragmentation is subset of attributes.

er.
c) Mixed fragmentation is subset of a combination of
tuples and attributes.

wb
d) All of these.
e) None of these.
ut .
iv) If a distributed system has n sites, the total number of
message transfer in distributed 2PL is

a c.
a) 2n + 3 b) 5n
c) n*n d) n * ( n + 1 )/2.
in
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v) A global (distributed) schedule of a DDBMS is

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serializable if
a) it is the union of local schedules

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b) the execution order at each site is serializable
c) the execution order at each site is serializable and

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local serialization orders are identical.
pap
d) none of these.
vi) Replication of attributes violates which of the following
conditions of fragmentation ?
er.
a) completeness
b) reconstruction
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c) disjointness
d) both (b) and (c).

ut .
vii) Two-phase commitment protocol is used for
a) concurrency control
a c.
b) integrity control
c) recovery
in
d) redundancy.
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viii) Transaction restart overhead is removed in

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a) Basic TO algorithm
b) Conservative TO algorithm
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c) Both (a) and (b)
d) None of these.
/q
ix) Changes made in a database are called
a) Transaction
pap
b) Commit
c) Replication
d) Fragmentation
er.
x) Shared memory is
a) Loosely coupled architecture

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b) Tightly coupled architecture
c) Both (a) and (b)

ut .
d) None of these.
GROUP – B
( Short Answer Type Questions )
a c.
Answer any three of the following. 3 × 5 = 15
2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of database

in
replication ? What is false deadlock ? 3+2
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3. What is primary copy and majority locking protocal ? 3+2

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4. Give an example to prove that Distributed 2PL is more
restrictive compared to distributed serializability. 5

p:/
5. Explain with example, the difference between semijoin and
natural join operation. What are the rules which must be
followed when defining fragmentation ? 2+3

/q
6. In which situation derived horizontal fragmentation of a
global relation is needed and how is it defined ? Explain your

pap
answer. 5
GROUP – C
er.
( Long Answer Type Questions )
Answer any three of the following. 3 × 15 = 45

wb
7. Discuss horizontal, vertical and mixed fragmentations with
examples. 15
ut .
8. Write down the 2-phase commitment protocol with diagram.
Discuss the behavior of the 2-phase commitment protocol in
presence of different kinds of failures. 8+7

a c.
9. a) Explain how the reliability of a distributed database is
maintained both from the angles of data redundancy

in
and data transmission. 8
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b) What is false deadlock ? How is it overcome ? 1+2

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c) Differentiate between distributed database and parallel
database. 4
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10. a) Consider the following Global schema, Fragmentation
schema, Allocation schema :
Global schema :
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Guest (G_ID, name, block_ID, room_no) 5
pap
Fragmentation schema :
F1 : σblock_id = "North" (Guest) F2 : σblock_id = "South" (Guest)
Allocation schema : F1 at site 2 and F2 at site 1

er.
Write a query that accepts G_ID from user and output
the name at level 1, 2 and 3 of transparency.
b) Explain distributed deadlock detection. What is the

wb
difference between centralized and distributed deadlock
detection ? 5+2
c) What is hierarchical deadlock detector ? 3

ut .
11. a) Write down the algorithm for basic timestamp method. 5
b) Consider the following schemas : 10

a c.
BRANCH (Branch No., Street, Postcode)
PROPERTY (PNO., Rent Amount, Owner No, Type,

in
Branch No.)
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Consider the following fragments :

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P1 : σBranch_no="B003" ∧ type = "House" (PROPERTY)
P2 : σBranch_no="B003" ∧ type = "Flat" (PROPERTY)

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P3 : σBranch_no!="B003" (PROPERTY)
B1 : σBranch_no="B003" (BRANCH)
B2 : σBranch_no!="B003" (BRANCH)
/q
Optimize the following query.
SELECT *
pap
FROM BRANCH b, PROPERTY p
WHERE b.Branch No. = p.Branch No.
AND p.type = "Flat";

er.
wb
ut .
a c.
in
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Name : …………………………………………….

( Multiple Choice Type Questions )

1. Choose the correct alternatives for the following : 10 × 1 = 10

i) In a heterogeneous distributed DBMS

a) Two different sites can use two different DBMS

products, but data model must be the same.

b) Two different sites can use two different data

model, but DBMS product must be the same.

c) Two different sites can both different DBMS

products and data models.

d) Two different sites can use both different DBMS

products, but database languages must be the

7401 [ Turn over

ii) Preservation of functional dependency is ensured by

a) Horizontal fragmentation is subset of tuples.

b) Vertical fragmentation is subset of attributes.

c) Mixed fragmentation is subset of a combination of

tuples and attributes.

iv) If a distributed system has n sites, the total number of

message transfer in distributed 2PL is

v) A global (distributed) schedule of a DDBMS is

a) it is the union of local schedules

c) the execution order at each site is serializable and

vi) Replication of attributes violates which of the following

d) both (b) and (c).

vii) Two-phase commitment protocol is used for

7401 3 [ Turn over

viii) Transaction restart overhead is removed in

a) Loosely coupled architecture

b) Tightly coupled architecture

c) Both (a) and (b)

Answer any three of the following. 3 × 5 = 15

2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of database

replication ? What is false deadlock ? 3+2

3. What is primary copy and majority locking protocal ? 3+2

restrictive compared to distributed serializability. 5

natural join operation. What are the rules which must be

followed when defining fragmentation ? 2+3

global relation is needed and how is it defined ? Explain your

( Long Answer Type Questions )

Answer any three of the following. 3 × 15 = 45

7. Discuss horizontal, vertical and mixed fragmentations with

8. Write down the 2-phase commitment protocol with diagram.

Discuss the behavior of the 2-phase commitment protocol in

presence of different kinds of failures. 8+7

9. a) Explain how the reliability of a distributed database is

maintained both from the angles of data redundancy

and data transmission. 8

7401 5 [ Turn over

b) What is false deadlock ? How is it overcome ? 1+2

schema, Allocation schema :

F1 : σblock_id = "North" (Guest) F2 : σblock_id = "South" (Guest)

Allocation schema : F1 at site 2 and F2 at site 1

the name at level 1, 2 and 3 of transparency.

b) Explain distributed deadlock detection. What is the

difference between centralized and distributed deadlock

c) What is hierarchical deadlock detector ? 3

11. a) Write down the algorithm for basic timestamp method. 5

b) Consider the following schemas : 10