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Exceptions (Topics) : One or More Resources. A Resource Is As An Object That Must Be Closed After

The Java programming language uses exceptions to handle errors and unexpected events. An exception is an event that disrupts the normal flow of a program. When an error occurs, the method throws an exception object that contains information about the error. The runtime system searches the call stack for an exception handler - a block of code that can handle the exception. If a matching handler is found, it catches the exception. Exceptions provide advantages over traditional error handling techniques.

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Bogdan Cocu
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27 views

Exceptions (Topics) : One or More Resources. A Resource Is As An Object That Must Be Closed After

The Java programming language uses exceptions to handle errors and unexpected events. An exception is an event that disrupts the normal flow of a program. When an error occurs, the method throws an exception object that contains information about the error. The runtime system searches the call stack for an exception handler - a block of code that can handle the exception. If a matching handler is found, it catches the exception. Exceptions provide advantages over traditional error handling techniques.

Uploaded by

Bogdan Cocu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Exceptions (Topics)

The Java programming language uses exceptions to handle errors and other
exceptional events.

What Is an Exception?

An exception is an event that occurs during the execution of a program that


disrupts the normal flow of instructions.

The Catch or Specify Requirement

- How to catch and handle exceptions. (try, catch, and finally blocks, as well
as chained exceptions).

How to Throw Exceptions

- The throw statement and the Throwable class and its subclasses.

The try-with-resources Statement

- The try-with-resources statement, which is a try statement that declares


one or more resources. A resource is as an object that must be closed after
the program is finished with it. The try-with-resources statement ensures that
each resource is closed at the end of the statement.

Unchecked Exceptions — The Controversy


- The correct and incorrect use of the unchecked exceptions indicated by
subclasses of RuntimeException.

Advantages of Exceptions
The use of exceptions to manage errors has some advantages over traditional
error-management techniques.
1.1 What Is an Exception?

The term exception is shorthand for the phrase "exceptional event."

Definition: An exception is an event, which occurs during the execution of a program -


that disrupts the normal flow of the program's instructions.

1.1.1. Throw the exception (aruncarea unei exceptii)

When an error occurs within a method, the method creates an object and hands it off to
the runtime system. The object, called an exception object, contains information about
the error, including its type and the state of the program when the error occurred.
Creating an exception object and handing it to the runtime system is called
throwing an exception.

After a method throws an exception, the runtime system attempts to find something to
handle it. The set of possible "somethings" to handle the exception is the ordered list
of methods that had been called to get to the method where the error occurred. The list
of methods is known as the call stack.

The call stack.

1.1.3 Exception handler (analizor de exceptie / al exceptiei)

The runtime system searches the call stack for a method that contains a block of
code that can handle the exception. This block of code is called an exception
handler. The search begins with the method in which the error occurred and proceeds
through the call stack in the reverse order in which the methods were called.
When an appropriate handler is found, the runtime system passes the exception to the
handler. An exception handler is considered appropriate if the type of the exception
object thrown matches the type that can be handled by the handler.
1.1.2 Catch the exception (prinderea exceptiei)

The exception handler chosen is said to catch the exception. If the runtime system
exhaustively searches all the methods on the call stack without finding an appropriate
exception handler, as shown in the next figure, the runtime system (and, consequently,
the program) terminates.

Searching the call stack for the exception handler.

Using exceptions to manage errors has some advantages over traditional error-
management techniques.

Nota:
In Java tratarea erorilor nu mai este o optiune ci o constrangere. In aproape toate
situatiile, o secventa de cod care poate provoca exceptii trebuie sa specifice
modalitatea de tratare a acestora.

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