Jane Jacobs: Principles Safety

JANE JACOBS : PRINCIPLES
SAFETY:
• 3 factors contribute to street safety:
1. A clear line between public and private space.
2. The eyes of the neighborhood must be on the street/sidewalks.
3. The sidewalks and streets must be in constant use.
 Small business must flourish in neighborhoods as it attracts people. More people means
safety
 Streets need lights. Streets need intersections. This attracts people and safety.
3 ways to deal with city insecurity:
1. Ignore the situation and allow it to continue.
2. Spend time in vehicles instead of walking on sidewalks
3. Territory or Turf: developed by gangs, the aim is to keep rival gangs from entering the
neighborhood.
City planners use the concept to tacitly enforce segregation and lack of diversity. Fear keeps people
out of a neighborhood. Fear also keeps people from leaving the neighborhood. The quality of
everyday life diminishes rapidly.
CONTACT:
Sidewalks are social—people meet on sidewalks.
• Stores, movie theaters, restaurants increase positive social contact.
• Sidewalks create a public character. Think of South Street and the diverse groups of people who
travel down the sidewalks.
• Trust is crucial for sidewalks to be safe places for contact.
• Sidewalk travel ensures that people know each other—from shopping, from bus stops, from
windows.
ASSIMILATING CHILDREN:
• The thought is always to get children off the streets and into playgrounds. • Yet children are often
safer when playing on sidewalks because adults are there.
• Jacobs notes that most city planners are men and they don't think of the needs of women or
children. Both have a far different relationship to sidewalks.
• Children prefer sidewalks because they are more interesting.
• Children can play games: jumping rope, double dutch, chalk drawings, hopscotch, races.
• They can buy ice cream and candy nearby.
WILLIAM WHITE:
WHAT ATTRACTS PEOPLE TOWARDS PUBLIC SPACE:
LOCATION:
• Major avenues, attractive side views, close to bus stations, pedestrian sidewalks huge flow
2. SUN & AESTHETICS
• Wasn’t a major factor in concluding popularity of plazas
3. AMOUNT OF SPACE AND ITS SHAPE
• Not a major factor as well , refer to graphs
4. SEATING AREA
• Whatever were the attractions, it will never induce people to use the space if there’s no spaces to
sit.
SEATING HEIGHT:
Thanks to slopes , ledges usually have different height
 Conclusion showed that people will sit at any height ranges from 30 cm to 90 cm , specified in the
zoning (considering different age groups)
 Human backside dimension , Ledges to be double-side used
BENCHES :
 Most often fitted in modular forms, spaced equidistant from one another, that looks
pleasant in plan view
 First arrival takes the first end, second arrival takes end of another benches, the subsequent
arrivals will take any end spots that are vacant.
DESIGN CRITERIA:
Movable chairs (benches are less desirable). Seating area should be approximately 10% of the total
open space. Protection from sun, wind and noise (use trees and water).
Availability of food (snacks bars, vendors, tables and chairs).
Related to the street, near the action.
Triangulation : presence of people or things that include strangers to talk with each other
PERESPECTIVE:
BOTTOM – UP PLACE DESIGN:
Whyte advocated for a new way of designing public spaces one that was bottom – up, not top –
down. Using his approach design should start with a through understanding of the way people use
space and the way they would like to use spaces.
THE SOCIAL LIFE OF PUBLIC PLACE:
Whyte wrote that the social life in the public spaces contributes fundamentally to the quantity of life
of individuals and society as a whole.
THE POWER OF OBSERVATION:
By observing and by talking to people. Whyte believed we can learn a great deal about what people
want in public spaces and can put this knowledge to work in creating places that shape livable
communities.
GARDEN CULLEN:
SERIAL VISION:
Serial Vision is to walk from one end of the plan to another, at a uniform pace, will provide a
sequence of revelations which are suggested in the serial drawing’s opposite, reading from left to
right.
This method of representation can be used as a tool for surveying, analysing and designing. A serial
vision is a series of sketches that represent the changes and contrasts in the character of the built
environment that one experiences when moving around the city.
FOCAL POINT:
It is a place of assembly , social intercourse granted for human civilization.
CLOSURE AND ENCLOSURE:
Closure is linear town system ( eg: streets,passages) visually digestible ,while enclosure is a complete
private world which is inward looking, statis and self sufficient.
STREET LIGHTING:
It deals with intrinsic design and putting together of things.
OUTDOOR PUBLICITY:
This is the most characteristic, and, potentially, the most valuable, contribution of the twentieth
century to urban scenery.
HERE AND THERE

The practical result of so articulating the town into identifiable parts is that no sooner do we create
a HERE than we have to admit a THERE, and it is precisely in the manipulation of these two spatial
concepts that a large part of urban drama arises.

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JANE JACOBS : PRINCIPLES

• 3 factors contribute to street safety:

1. A clear line between public and private space.

2. The eyes of the neighborhood must be on the street/sidewalks.

3. The sidewalks and streets must be in constant use.

3 ways to deal with city insecurity:

1. Ignore the situation and allow it to continue.

2. Spend time in vehicles instead of walking on sidewalks

Sidewalks are social—people meet on sidewalks.

• Stores, movie theaters, restaurants increase positive social contact.

• Trust is crucial for sidewalks to be safe places for contact.

• They can buy ice cream and candy nearby.

WHAT ATTRACTS PEOPLE TOWARDS PUBLIC SPACE:

2. SUN & AESTHETICS

• Wasn’t a major factor in concluding popularity of plazas

3. AMOUNT OF SPACE AND ITS SHAPE

• Not a major factor as well , refer to graphs

Thanks to slopes , ledges usually have different height

 Human backside dimension , Ledges to be double-side used

Availability of food (snacks bars, vendors, tables and chairs).

Related to the street, near the action.

BOTTOM – UP PLACE DESIGN:

THE SOCIAL LIFE OF PUBLIC PLACE:

THE POWER OF OBSERVATION:

It is a place of assembly , social intercourse granted for human civilization.

CLOSURE AND ENCLOSURE:

It deals with intrinsic design and putting together of things.

HERE AND THERE

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