Group 2 Operational Checks and Troubleshooting
Group 2 Operational Checks and Troubleshooting
Group 2 Operational Checks and Troubleshooting
1. OPERATIONAL CHECKS
This procedure is designed so the service man can make a quick check of the steering system using
a minimum amount of diagnostic equipment. If you need additional information, prefer to structure
and function in group 1.
A location will be required which is level and has adequate space to complete the checks.
The engine and all other major components must be at operating temperature for some checks.
Locate system check in the left column and read completely, following this sequence from left to right.
Read each check completely before performing.
At the end of each check, if no problem is found(OK), that check is complete or an additional check is
needed. If problem is indicated(NOT OK), you will be given repair required and group location.
If verification is needed, you will be given next best source of information :
Chapter 2 : Troubleshooting
Group 3 : Tests and adjustments
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ƓHydraulic oil must be at operating temperature for these checks(Refer to page 6-57).
Item Description Service action
A
Turn steering wheel until frames are
at maximum right(A) and then left(B)
NOT OK
positions.
Go to next check.
B LOOK : Frames must move
smoothly in both directions.
When steering wheel is stopped,
frames must stop.
FEEL : Excessive effort must not be
required to turn steering wheel.
NOTE : It is normal for steering to
drift from stops when steering wheel
is released.
Steering system leakage Turn steering wheel rapidly until OK
check Left Right frames are against stops. Check completed.
Heat hydraulic oil to
operating temperature. Hold approximately 2kg on steering NOT OK
wheel. Do steering system leakage
test in group 3 to isolate the
Count steering wheel revolutions for leakage.
1 minute.
Repeat test in opposite direction.
LOOK : Steering wheel should
rotate less than 6rpm.
NOTE : Use good judgment;
Excessive steering wheel rpm does
not mean steering will be affected.
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Item Description Service action
5-17
2. TROUBLESHOOTING
Ɠ Diagnose malfunction charts are arranged from most probable and simplest to verify, to least likely,
more difficult to verify. Remember the following steps when troubleshooting a problem :
Step 1. Operational check out procedure(See group 3 in section 1)
Step 2. Operational checks(In this group)
Step 3. Troubleshooting
Step 4. Tests and adjustments(See group 3)
5-18
Problem Cause Remedy
5-19
Problem Cause Remedy
Steering valve locks up Large particles of contamination in steering Inspect hydraulic filter for contamination.
valve. Repair cause of contamination. Flush
hydraulic system.
ƕ Thermal shock Do priority valve LS port flow test in
group 5. This oil flow provides a warm-up
flow to steering valve when not using the
steering.
Worn or damaged steering valve. Repair or replace valve.
Abrupt steering wheel Improperly timed gerotor gear in steering Time gerotor gear.
oscillation valve.
Steering wheel turns by Lines connected to wrong port. Reconnect lines.
itself
Worn or damaged steering valve. Repair or replace valve.
Vibration in steering High priority valve setting. Do priority valve pressure test in group 3.
system or hoses jump
Neutral position of Steering column and steering unit out of Align the steering column with steering unit.
steering wheel cannot be line.
obtained, i.e. there is a
Too little or no play between steering Adjust the play and, if necessary, shorten
tendency towards
column and steering unit input shaft. the splines journal.
"motoring"
Pinching between inner and outer spools. Contact the nearest service shop.
"Motoring" effect. Leaf springs are stuck or broken and have Replace leaf springs.
The steering wheel can therefore reduced spring force.
turn on its own
Inner and outer spools pinch, possibly due Clean steering unit or contact the nearest
to dirt. service shop.
Return pressure in connection with the Reduce return pressure.
reaction between differential cylinder and
steering unit too high.
Backlash Cardan shaft fork worn or broken. Replace cardan shaft.
Leaf springs without spring force or broken. Replace leaf springs.
Worn splines on the steering column. Replace steering column.
Jerky steering LS port orifice missing. Inspect orifice.
Orifice in top end of priority valve spool Disassemble and inspect.
missing.
ƕ Thermal stock is caused by a large temperature differential(Approx 30Ş C, 50ŞF) between the steering valve and
hydraulic oil. If the steering is not operated for a long period of time and the orifice in the bottom of the priority
valve spool is plugged, the steering valve may bind up when the steering is operated if the hydraulic oil is hot
enough.
5-20
Problem Cause Remedy
5-21