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    Trisha SARMIENTO
    This document discusses three types of control systems: man-made, natural, and those with both man-made and natural components. It defines inputs as external stimuli that produce a specified response, and outputs as the actual system response, which may differ from the specified response. Control systems are classified as open-loop, which operate independently of outputs, or closed-loop, which utilize feedback of actual outputs. Feedback is described as comparing actual and desired outputs to inform control actions and provide benefits like increased accuracy, reduced sensitivity, and bandwidth. The engineering problem is defined as either modifying an existing system through analysis, or defining a new system directly from specifications through synthesis.

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    002 PDF

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    32 views9 pages
    This document discusses three types of control systems: man-made, natural, and those with both man-made and natural components. It defines inputs as external stimuli that produce a specified response, and outputs as the actual system response, which may differ from the specified response. Control systems are classified as open-loop, which operate independently of outputs, or closed-loop, which utilize feedback of actual outputs. Feedback is described as comparing actual and desired outputs to inform control actions and provide benefits like increased accuracy, reduced sensitivity, and bandwidth. The engineering problem is defined as either modifying an existing system through analysis, or defining a new system directly from specifications through synthesis.

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    This document discusses three types of control systems: man-made, natural, and those with both man-made and natural components. It defines inputs as external stimuli that produce a specified response, and outputs as the actual system response, which may differ from the specified response. Control systems are classified as open-loop, which operate independently of outputs, or closed-loop, which utilize feedback of actual outputs. Feedback is described as comparing actual and desired outputs to inform control actions and provide benefits like increased accuracy, reduced sensitivity, and bandwidth. The engineering problem is defined as either modifying an existing system through analysis, or defining a new system directly from specifications through synthesis.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    32 views9 pages

    002 PDF

    Uploaded by

    Trisha SARMIENTO
    This document discusses three types of control systems: man-made, natural, and those with both man-made and natural components. It defines inputs as external stimuli that produce a specified response, and outputs as the actual system response, which may differ from the specified response. Control systems are classified as open-loop, which operate independently of outputs, or closed-loop, which utilize feedback of actual outputs. Feedback is described as comparing actual and desired outputs to inform control actions and provide benefits like increased accuracy, reduced sensitivity, and bandwidth. The engineering problem is defined as either modifying an existing system through analysis, or defining a new system directly from specifications through synthesis.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 9

    Introduction to Control Systems –Part 2

    De La Salle Lipa
    College of Information Technology and Engineering
    Electrical Engineering Department
    Three Basic Types of Control Systems
    1. Man-made control systems
    2. Natural, including biological control systems
    3. Control systems whose components are both
    man-made and natural.
    “Input” and “Output”

    The input is the The output is the


    stimulus or excitation actual response from a
    applied to a control control system. It may
    system from an or may not be equal to
    external energy the specified response
    source, usually in order implied by the input.
    to produce a specified
    response from the
    control system.
    “Input” and “Output”

    The input is the The output is the


    stimulus or excitation actual response from a
    applied to a control control system. It may
    system from an or may not be equal to
    external energy the specified response
    source, usually in order implied by the input.
    to produce a specified
    response from the
    control system.
    Classification of Control System
    • Open-loop control system
    • is one in which the control action is independent of the output. This system
    utilizes a controller or control actuator in order to obtain the desired
    response.

    • Closed-loop control system


    • commonly called feedback control system, utilizes an additional measure of
    the actual output in order to compare the actual output with the desired
    output response.
    Feedback
    • It is that characteristic of closed-loop control systems
    which distinguishes them from open-loop systems. It is
    that property of a closed-loop system which permits
    the output (or some other controlled variable) to be
    compared with the input to the system (or an input to
    some other internally situated component or
    subsystem) so that the appropriate control action may
    be formed as some function of the output and input.
    Characteristics of Feedback
    • Increased accuracy. For example, the ability to faithfully
    reproduce the input.
    • Tendency toward oscillation or instability.
    • Reduced sensitivity of the ratio of output to input to
    variations in system parameters and other characteristics.
    • Reduced effects of nonlinearities.
    • Reduced effects of external disturbances or noise.
    • Increased bandwidth. The bandwidth of a system is a
    frequency response measure of how well the system
    responds to (or filters) variations (or frequencies) in the
    input signal.
    The Control Systems Engineering Problem

    Design by analysis is Design by synthesis


    accomplished by is accomplished by
    modifying the defining the form of the
    characteristics of an system directly from its
    existing or standard specifications.
    system configuration

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