SURA'S 7th STD 5 in 1 Term 3 TM Sample Study Materials

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5 -in-1
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m¿Éaš • r_f m¿Éaš

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2020-21 M« M©L¡fhd òâa ghl¤â£l¤â‹go, jahÇ¡f¥g£LŸsJ.

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Our Guides for Std. IX

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TERMWISE GUIDES (for each Term) FULL YEAR GUIDES for 3 Terms together
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Our Guides for Std. X

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bghUsl¡f« jÄœ
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t. g¡f
bghU©ik, ïaš ghl¤ jiy¥òfŸ
v© v©
kd¥ghl¢ brŒíŸ 2
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fÉij¥ngiH ÉUªnjh«gš
ehfÇf«, bjhÊš, taY« thœî«
tÂf«
â¡bfšyh« òfGW«
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1. ea¤jF ehfÇf« ciueil cyf«
âUbešntÈ
3-26
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mÂ ïy¡fz«
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myF nj®î -1
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mw«, j¤Jt«, mw« v‹D« fâ®
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áªjid
ciueil cyf« x¥òuî be¿
2.
ÉÇthd« c©ik xË 27-50
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x¥òuî xGF mÂ ïy¡fz«

f‰f©L
thœÉaš âU¡FwŸ
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myF nj®î -2
kiy¥bghÊî
fÉij¥ngiH
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j‹id m¿jš
kÅj«, MSik ciueil cyf« f©ÂaÄF jiyt®
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3. ÉÇthd« gaz«
51-74
khDl« btšY« f‰f©L MFbga®
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thœÉaš âU¡FwŸ
myF nj®î -3
RuhÉ‹ khâÇ _‹wh« gUt bghJ¤ bjhF¤j¿¤ nj®î
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ENGLISH
Units Chapters Page No.
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Prose - Journey by Train 75 - 88
Sarojini Naidu
Poem - Sea Fever 89 - 94
Supplementary - Sindbad – My First Voyage 95 - 102
Unit Test Questions with Answers 103 - 104
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Prose - A Story of Self Sacrifice and
Bravery 105 - 119
Poem - Courage 120 - 125
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Supplementary - Man Overboard 126 - 134
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Unit Test Questions with Answers
- Jane Eyre
Sura’s Summative Assessment Model Question Paper
135 - 136
137 - 150
151 - 154
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with answers
Tamil Translation 155 - 168
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fÂj«
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ïaš 1 v©Âaš 169 - 194

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ÓÅthr ïuhkhD#‹
ïaš 2 rjåjK« jÅt£oí« 195 - 222
ïaš 3 ïa‰fÂj« 223 - 242
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ïaš 4 toÉaš 243 - 264

ïaš 5 òŸËÆaš 265 - 280
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ïaš 6 jftš brayh¡f« 281 - 288

RuhÉ‹ khâÇ _‹wh« gUt
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bjhF¤j¿¤ nj®î Édh¤jhŸ 289 - 292
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m¿Éaš
myF 1 xËÆaš293-307
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myF 2 m©l« k‰W« É©btË308-317
jhk° Mšth vor‹
myF 3 gygo ntâÆaš318-329
myF 4 m‹whl thœÉš ntâÆaš330-337
m‹whl thœÉš Éy§FfŸ338-345
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myF 5
myF 6 fh£á¤ bjhl®ãaš346-349

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bjhF¤j¿¤ nj®î Édh¤jhŸ 350-352
r_f m¿Éaš ok
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tuyhW
myF 1 òâa rka¡ fU¤J¡fS« ïa¡f§fS«353-362
m¡g®
myF 2 jÄœeh£oš fiyí« f£ll¡ fiyí«363-370
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myF 3 jÄHf¤âš rkz«, bgs¤j«, MÓtf¤ 371-379

j¤Jt§fŸw
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òÉÆaš
myF 1 f©l§fis MuhŒjš - tl mbkÇ¡fh 380-392
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k‰W« bj‹ mbkÇ¡fh

myF 2 Ãytiugl¤ij f‰w¿jš393-401
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myF 3 ïa‰if ïl®fŸ ngÇl® nkyh©ik 402-410

elto¡iffis òÇªJ bfhŸsš
FoikÆaš
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myF 1 bg©fŸ nk«ghL411-417

myF 2 rªij k‰W« Ef®nth® ghJfh¥ò418-424
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myF 3 rhiy¥ ghJfh¥ò425-431

bghUËaš
myF 1 tÇ k‰W« mj‹ K¡»a¤Jt«432-439
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bghUsl¡f« jÄœ
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bghU©ik, ïaš ghl¤ jiy¥òfŸ
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fÉij¥ngiH ÉUªnjh«gš
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myF nj®î -1
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mw«, j¤Jt«, mw« v‹D« fâ®
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j‹id m¿jš
kÅj«, MSik ciueil cyf« f©ÂaÄF jiyt®
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3. ÉÇthd« gaz«
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khDl« btšY« f‰f©L MFbga®
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thœÉaš âU¡FwŸ
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RuhÉ‹ khâÇ _‹wh« gUt bghJ¤ bjhF¤j¿¤ nj®î

ïaš - 1
kd¥ghl¢ brŒíŸ
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khÇbah‹W ï‹¿ twªâUªj fhy¤J«
ghÇ klkfŸ gh©kf‰F - Ú®ciyíŸ
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2. Éidahš Éidah¡»¡ nfhlš eidfîŸ
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thí« tÆW« MirÆš ÉGªjhš

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všyh« nrhiytd«!
jikí« th£o¥ ãwiuí« th£L«
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j‹dhL v‹W« ãw®ehL v‹W«
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v¤jid å©fdî - âd«
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ïja« kiyasî! - f©zjhr‹
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gHbkhÊ eh}W üÈ‹ MáÇa® K‹Wiw miuadh® Mth®. ït® ».ã. (bgh.M.)
eh‹fh« ü‰wh©il¢ nr®ªjt® v‹g®. gHbkhÊ eh}W üÈ‹ flîŸ thœ¤J¥ ghlš _y«
ït® rkz rka¤ij¢ nr®ªjt® vd m¿a Ko»wJ.
gHbkhÊ eh}W gâbd©Ñœ¡fz¡F üšfSŸ x‹W. ïJ eh}W ghlšfis¡ bfh©lJ.
x›bthU ghlÈ‹ ïWâÆY« xU gHbkhÊ ïl« bg‰¿U¥gjhš ïJ gHbkhÊ eh}W v‹D«
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bga®bg‰wJ. ïªüÈ‹ xU ghlš ï§F¤ ju¥g£LŸsJ.
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ghz®fŸ ïuªJ Ã‹wd®. ghÇkfË® ciyÚÇš bgh‹ ï£L mt®fS¡F¤ jªjd®. mjdhš
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bghUŸ VJ« ïšyhj åL vJî« ïšiy v‹gij m¿ayh«.
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vJîÄšiy v‹gJ ïj‹ bghUŸ.
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brhšY« bghUS« :
1. khÇ - kiH
2. klkfŸ - ïskfŸ
3. twªâUªj - tw©oUªj
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4. eš»dhŸ - bfhL¤jhŸ
5. òfth - czthf
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6. K‹¿š - å£o‹ K‹ ïl« (â©iz). ï§F å£il¡ F¿¡»wJ.
kâ¥ÕL
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rÇahd Éilia¤ nj®ªbjL¤J vGJf.

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1. ku« ts®¤jhš ............................ bgwyh«.

m) kh¿ M) khÇ ï) fhÇ <) ghÇ [Éil: M) khÇ]
2. `ÚUiyÆš’ v‹D« brhšiy¥ ãÇ¤J vGj¡ »il¥gJ ...................... .
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m) ÚU + ciyÆš M) Ú® + ïiyÆš
ï) Ú® + ciyÆš <) ÚU + ïiyÆš
[Éil: ï) Ú® + ciyÆš]
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3. khÇ + x‹W v‹gjid¢ nr®¤bjGj¡ »il¡F« brhš .......................... .
m) khÇbah‹W M) khÇx‹W
ï) khÇÆ‹W <) khÇa‹W [Éil: m) khÇbah‹W]
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RuhÉ‹  jÄœ ciuüš  7 M« tF¥ò
FWÉdh
1. ghÇ kfËÇ‹ bga®fis vGJf.
m§fit, r§fit v‹ngh® ghÇÆ‹ kfŸfsht®.
2. `bghUŸ VJ« ïšyhj åLfns ïšiy’ - v›thW?
ghÇ kfË® ciy ÚÇš bgh‹ ï£L¤ jªjjhš ‘bghUŸ VJ« ïšyhj åLfns
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ïšiy’ v‹gJ òydh»wJ.
áªjid Édh
jÄH®fË‹ ãw g©gh£L¡ TWfis vGJf.
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jÄH®fË‹ ãw g©gh£L¡ TWfŸ : (g©ghL- e«ik¥ g©gL¤Jjš)
(i) xG¡f«
(ii) áwªj fšÉia¥ bgWjš
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(iii) bgÇnahiu kâ¤jš
(iv) e‹¿íz®îl‹ ïU¤jš
(v) <if¡ Fz«
(vi) ÉUªnjh«gš

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(vii) K‹ndh® T¿at‰iw¥ ã‹g‰Wjš
(viii) nkiyeh£L czit¤ jÉ®¤J e« ghu«gÇa czit c©Qjš.
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(ix) cliy kiw¡F« Mil mÂjš.
(x) cwÉd®fis¥ ngÂ ghJfh¤jš
(xi) eh£L¥g‰WlD«, bkhÊ¥g‰WlD« ïU¤jš.
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f‰git f‰wã‹
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1. tŸsšfŸ vGtÇ‹ bga®fis¤ bjhF¤J vGJf.

tŸsšfŸ vGtÇ‹ bga®fŸ
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1. mâakh‹ 5. eŸË
_‹wh« gUt«
2. MŒ 6. ghÇ
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3. XÇ 7. ngf‹
4. fhÇ
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2. ÉUªnjh«gš g©ig És¡F« fij x‹iw m¿ªJ tªJ tF¥giwÆš TWf.

ÉUªnjh«gš g©ò - fij: khwdh® v‹w átdoah® g‰¿a fij :
khwdh® j« Ka‰áÆdhY« ciH¥ãdhY« cHî¤bjhÊš brŒJ mâš
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<£oa bršt¤ij¡ bfh©L átdoah®fS¡F« eÈªjt®fS¡F« m‹dÄ£L

k»œth®. ït® ïisah‹Fo v‹w CÇš thœªjt®. j‹ kidÉ òÅjtâíl‹
ïizªJ ï¤âU¤bjh©il brŒjh®.
khwdhU«, òÅjtâí« átdoah®fS¡F¤ âdK« m‹dÄ£L mt®fS¡F¥
ghj ói# brŒJ átbgUkhid tÊg£L tªjd®. ïtUila át¤bjh©il
cyf¿a¢ brŒa v©Âdh® átbgUkh‹. j‹ âUÉisahlyhš khwdhÇ‹
å£oš tWik NH¢ brŒjh®. MdhY«, khwdh® fl‹ th§»í« Ãy§fis
É‰W« m‹dÄ£lh®.
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xUehŸ fL« kiH bgŒJ bfh©oUªjJ. khwdhU« mtuJ kidÉí«
gáÆš tho¡ bfh©oUªjd®. m‹W eŸËuÉš átbgUkh‹, moat® nfhy¤âš
khwdh® å£o‰F tªjh®. mtiu¥ gh®¤jJ« ïUtU« mfk»œªjd®. Mdhš
m‹dÄLtj‰F v‹d brŒtJ v‹W tUªâd®.
òÅjtâ, khwdhÇl«, `èh« ï‹W fhiyÆš taÈš Éij¤J tªj Éij
ea¤jF ehfÇf«
bešÈid¢ nrfÇ¤J vL¤J tªJ jªjhš, eh‹ mjid rik¤J moatU¡F
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m‹d« gÇkhWnt‹’’ v‹whŸ.
moatiu¡ bfhŠr neu« fh¤âU¡F«go¡ T¿É£L, taY¡F¢ br‹wh®
khwdh®. òÅjtâ Ä¢rÄUªj Éwif it¤J njh£l¤âš ïUªj Ñiuia¢
rik¤jhŸ. khwdh® tUif¡F¡ fh¤âUªjhŸ. moat® f©za®ªJ É£lh®.
khwdh® xU tÊahf ÚÇš Äjªj Éijbešiy vL¤J tªjh®. ÉwF
ïšyhjjhš å£o‹ TiuÆš ïUªj F¢áfis vL¤J¡ bfhL¤jh®. òÅjtâ
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bešiy cuÈš ï£L¡ F¤â mÇáia vL¤J ciyÆÈ£L¢ nrhwh¡»dhŸ.
ãwF cw§»¡ bfh©oUªj moatiu czî c©gj‰fhf khwdh®
vG¥ãdh®. m¥nghJ nrhâ tothf ïiwt‹ njh‹¿dh®. ``khwdhnu, c§fŸ
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ïUtÇ‹ ÉUªnjh«gš g©ãid cy»‰F cz®¤jnt eh‹ ï›thW brŒnj‹.
ïaš 1
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ïÅ Ú§fŸ bršt§fŸ mid¤ijí« bg‰W gy fhy« bjh©L brŒJ v‹id
tªJ milå®fshf,’’ v‹W T¿É£L kiwªjh®.
ï¥òuhz¡fij ek¡F ÉUªnjh«gš g‰¿ cz®¤J»wJ.
TLjš Édh¡fŸ
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Ãu¥òf.
1. gHbkhÊ eh}W üÈ‹ MáÇa® K‹Wiu miuadh®.
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2. K‹Wiw miuadhÇ‹ fhy« ».ã. eh‹fh« ü‰wh©L.

3. K‹Wiw miuadh® rkz rka¤ij¢ nr®ªjt®.
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4. gHbkhÊ eh}W gâbd©Ñœ¡fz¡F üšfSŸ x‹W.

5. ekJ ghl¥gFâÆš cŸs gHbkhÊ eh}W ghlÈš cŸs gHbkhÊ `x‹whF
K‹¿nyh ïš'
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ÉilaË :
1. gHbkhÊ eh}W F¿¥ò tiuf.
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(i) gHbkhÊ eh}W gâbd©Ñœ¡fz¡F üšfSŸ x‹W.

(ii) ïJ eh}W ghlšfis¡ bfh©lJ.
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(iii) x›bthU ghlÈ‹ ïWâÆY« xU gHbkhÊ ïl« bg‰¿U¥gjhš ïJ

gHbkhÊ eh}W v‹D« bga® bg‰wJ.
2. K‹Wiw miuadh® - F¿¥ò tiuf.
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(i) gHbkhÊ eh}W üÈ‹ MáÇa® K‹Wiu miuadh® Mth®.

(ii) ït® ».ã. eh‹fh« ü‰wh©il¢ nr®ªjt® v‹g®.
(iii) gHbkhÊ eh}W üÈ‹ flîŸ thœ¤J¥ ghlš _y« ït® rkz rka¤ij¢
nr®ªjt® vd m¿a Ko»wJ.

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ea¤jF ehfÇf«
ïaš
1 taY« thœî« fÉij¥ngiH
üš btË
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eh£L¥òw§fËš ciH¡F« k¡fŸ j§fŸ fis¥ò¤ bjÇahkš ïU¥gj‰fhf¥ ghL«
ghlny eh£L¥òw¥ghlš vd¥gL»wJ. ïjid thŒbkhÊ ïy¡»a« v‹W« tH§Ft®. gšntW
bjhÊšfŸ F¿¤j eh£L¥òw¥ghlšfis kiy mUÉ v‹D« üÈš ».th. #fªehj‹
bjhF¤JŸsh®. mªüÈš cŸs cHî¤bjhÊš g‰¿a ghlš x‹W ï§F¤ ju¥g£LŸsJ.
.c
ghlÈ‹ bghUŸ
cHî brŒí« k¡fŸ Xilia¡ flªJ br‹W x‹wiu¡
FÊ Ãy¤ij¤ nj®ªbjL¤jd®. bg©fŸ òlitia ïWf¡ f£o
s
elî brŒa taÈš ïw§»d®. eh‰W g¿¡F«nghJ M©fS«
bg©fS« taš tu¥ãš cŸs e©Lfisí« ão¤jd®.
ok
xU rhQ¡F xU eh‰W åj« RWRW¥ghf e£ld®. elî
e£l taÈ‹ k©FËUkhW kiltÊna Ú®ghŒ¢ád®. e£l
be‰gÆ®fŸ tÇirahf ts®ªJ brÊ¤jd. ghš ão¤J K‰¿a
beškÂfŸ kd« ka§FkhW Éisªjd. mWtil brŒí«
M£fS¡F¥ gz« bfhL¤jd®. mWtil brŒj bešjhŸfis¡ f£Lfshf¡ f£o¤ jiy¡F¢
bo
R«khL it¤J¤ ö¡»¢ br‹W fs¤âš nr®¤jd®. fâuo¤j bešjhŸfis¡ »H¡f¤â
khLfis¡ bfh©L Äâ¡f¢ brŒjd®. khLfŸ Äâ¤j be‰fâ®fËš ïUªJ beškÂfŸ
kÂkÂahŒ câ®ªjd.
a
brhšY« bghUS« :
1. FÊ - Ãy msit¥bga®
ur
2. Óiy - òlit
3. rh© - Ú£lš msit¥bga®
4. kil - taY¡F Ú® tU« tÊ
.s
5. kÂ - K‰¿a beš
6. fGYjš - câ®jš
_‹wh« gUt«
7. R«khL - ghu« Rk¥gt®fŸ jiyÆš it¤J¡ bfhŸS« JÂ¢RUŸ

w
kâ¥ÕL
w

1. cHt® nr‰W taÈš ........................... eLt®.
m) bro M) gÆ® ï) ku« <) eh‰W[Éil: <) eh‰W]
w
2. taÈš ÉisªJ K‰¿a be‰gÆ®fis ....................... brŒt®.

m) mWtil M) cHî ï) elî <) É‰gid
[Éil: m) mWtil]
3. `nj®ªbjL¤J’ v‹D« brhšiy¥ ãÇ¤J vGj¡ »il¥gJ ........................... .
m) nj® + vL¤J M) nj®ªJ + bjL¤J
ï) nj®ªjJ + mL¤J <) nj®ªJ + vL¤J
[Éil: <) nj®ªJ + vL¤J]
4. ‘Xil + všyh«’ v‹gjid¢ nr®¤bjGj¡ »il¡F« brhš .......................... .
m) Xilvšyh« M) Xilbašyh«
ï) X£ilbašyh« <) Xblšyh«[Éil: M) Xilbašyh«]
bghU¤Jf
ea¤jF ehfÇf«
ÉilfŸ
om
1. eh‰W - g¿¤jš eLjš
2. Ú® - mW¤jš ghŒ¢Rjš
3. fâ® - eLjš mW¤jš
.c
4. fis - ghŒ¢Rjš g¿¤jš
taY« thœî« ghlÈš cŸs nkhid, vJif¢ brh‰fis vGJf
ïaš 1
nkhid¢ brh‰fŸ vJif¢ brh‰fŸ
Xil - x©ziu¡ FÊ
klkl‹D - k©FËu oknr¤J - eh¤J
rhY - ehY
bo
ng¢R tH¡F¢ brh‰fis vG¤J tH¡»š vGJf
v.fh. : nghÆ - nghŒ
ng¢R tH¡F brh‰fŸ vG¤J tH¡F brh‰fŸ
a
ão¡»wh§f ão¡»‹wd®
tsUJ ts®»‹wJ
ur
ïw§Fwh§f ïw§F»‹wd®
thuh‹ tU»‹wh‹
.s
FWÉdh
w
1. cHt®fŸ v¥nghJ e©L ão¤jd®?

(i) cHt®fŸ, eh‰W¥ g¿¡F« bghGJ m§FŸs e©Lfisí« nr®¤J¥
w
ão¤jd®.
(ii) fâuo¤j bešjhŸfis khLfis¡ bfh©L Äâ¡f¢ brŒJ be‰fâ®fËš
w
ïUªJ beškÂfis¥ ãÇ¤bjL¤jd®.

2. be‰fâÇÈUªJ beškÂia v›thW ãÇ¥g®?
(i) mWtil brŒj be‰fâ®fis¡ fs¤âš mo¤J bešiy¥ ãÇ¥g®.
(ii) bešjhËš vŠáÆU¡F« beškÂfis¥ ãÇ¥gj‰fhf khLfis¡ bfh©L
Äâ¡f¢ brŒJ ãÇ¤bjL¥g®.
7
áWÉdh
cHî¤bjhÊÈ‹ Ãfœîfis tÇir¥gL¤â vGJf.
cHî¤bjhÊÈ‹ ÃfœîfŸ :
(i) khLfis VÇš ó£o Ãy¤ij cGJ g©gL¤Jt®.
(ii) eh‰w§fhÈš ïUªJ ãL§» vL¡f¥g£l eh‰iw eLt®. m›thW eL«nghJ
om
xU rhQ¡F xU eh‰W åj« v‹W bg©fŸ eh‰iw eLt®.
(iii) gÆU¡F¤ njitahd msî Úiu¥ ghŒ¢Rt®.
(iv) ãwF gÆ®fS¡F ïilna ts®ªJŸs fisfis¥ g¿¥g®.
(v) gÆ®fS¡F¤ njit¡nf‰g ó¢á¡bfhšÈ kUªJfis¤ bjË¥g®. ïa‰if
cu§fisí« ga‹gL¤Jt®.
.c
(vi) be‰gÆ® ts®ªJ beš K‰¿aJ« mWtil brŒt®.
(vii) mWtil brŒj bešjhŸfis¡ f£Lfshf¡ f£o be‰fs¤âš nr®¥g®.
(viii) fâuo¤J beškÂia¥ ãÇ¤J vL¥g®. vŠáÆU¡F« beškÂfis¥
s
ãÇ¥gj‰fhf khLfis¡ bfh©L Äâ¡f¢ brŒt®.
(ix) ãwF beškÂfis btÆÈš fhait¤J _£ilfshf¡ f£o å£oš bfh©L
áªjid Édh
tªJ nr®¥g®.
ok
bo
cHî¤bjhÊÈš fhyªnjhW« V‰g£LtU« kh‰w§fŸ g‰¿ vGJf.
cHî¤bjhÊÈš fhyªnjhW« V‰g£L tU« kh‰w§fŸ :
(i) g©il¤ jÄH®fŸ ntsh©ik¤ bjhÊiy Äf¢ áw¥ghf¢ brŒJŸsd®.
(ii) F¿Šá Ãy k¡fŸ V®bfh©L cHhkš ntsh©ik brŒJŸsd®.
a
(iii) Kšiy Ãy k¡fŸjh‹ fy¥igÆ‹ cjÉnahL gÆ® brŒJŸsd®.

(iv) MW, Fs«, VÇ KjÈa Ú® ÃiyfËš ïUªJ cHt®fŸ taY¡F Ú®
ur
ghŒ¢ád®. gÆ® brŒjd®. tuF, rhik, beš vd¥ gÆ® brŒjd® jÄH®.
mÇáia cy»‰bfšyh« bfhL¤jd®.
(v) mnjnghy ãw gFâfËš ïUªJ ntW áy gÆ®fis¤ jÄHf¤â‰F¥ g©il¤
.s
jÄH®fŸ bfh©L tªJŸsd®.

_‹wh« gUt«
(vi) thÅaš g‰¿ m¿ªjjhš nfhŸfË‹ Ãiy f©L kiH tU« fhyk¿ªJ
gÆ® brŒjd®. ïa‰if cu§fshd ïiyjiHfis¥ ga‹gL¤âd®.
w
fhšeilfis ts®¤J mj‹ rhz§fis vUth¡»d®. fhšeilfis

t©o ïG¡fî« V® cHî« ga‹gL¤âd®.
(vii) ïªÃiy bfhŠr« bfhŠrkhf kh¿aJ mâf Éis¢rš nt©o bra‰if
w
cu§fis¥ ga‹gL¤âd®. gytifahd ó¢á¡bfhšÈ kUªJfis¥

ga‹gL¤âd®. ïjdhš k© ts« ghâ¥ò¡FŸsh» É£lJ. kÅj‹ brŒj
ntiyfisbašyh« j‰bghGJ ïaªâu§fŸ brŒ»‹wd.
w
(viii) cHî¡ fUÉfŸ, fis¥g¿¤jš, mWtil brŒjš vd všyht‰¿‰F«

eåd ïaªâu§fŸ ga‹gL¤j¥gL»‹wd. òâa tif ntsh©ikÆ‹
Éisthf k¡fS¡F¥ òâa nehŒfŸ tªjd. R‰W¢NHš ghâ¡f¥g£lJ.
ïªÃiyia kh‰w nt©o j‰nghJ ïa‰if ntsh©ik v‹W Tw¥gL«
m§ff ntsh©ik¡F kh¿íŸsd® ÉtrhÆfŸ. ï›thW cHî¤bjhÊš
fhyªnjhW« kh‰wkilªJ bfh©nl tªJŸsJ.

f‰git f‰wã‹
1. ntsh©ik rh®ªj fUÉfË‹ bga®fis vGâ tUf.
ea¤jF ehfÇf«
ntsh©ik rh®ªj fUÉfŸ : V®¡fy¥ig, k©bt£o, mÇthŸ, f¤â, cHî
om
ïaªâu«, fl¥ghiu.
bjÇªJ bjËnth«
mWtil brŒj be‰fâ®fis¡ fs¤âš mo¤J bešiy¥ ãÇ¥g®. bešjhËš
vŠáÆU¡F« beškÂfis¥ ãÇ¥gj‰fhf khLfis¡ bfh©L Äâ¡f¢ brŒt®.
.c
ïj‰F¥ nghuo¤jš v‹W bga®.
khLf£o¥ nghuo¤jhš khshJ brªbešby‹W
Midf£o¥ nghuo¡F« mHfhd bj‹kJiu - eh£L¥òw¥ghlš
ïaš 1
TLjš Édh¡fŸ
Ãu¥òf.
1. ok
eh£L¥òw¥ ghlšfis kiy mUÉ v‹D« üÈš ».th.#fªehj‹
bjhF¤JŸsh®.
2. `FÊ’ v‹gJ Ãy msit¥ bga®.
bo
3. `rh©’ v‹gJ Ú£lš msit¥ bga®.
4. be‰gÆ® eLtj‰fhd ïilbtË xU rh©.
ÉilaË :
a
1. thŒbkhÊ ïy¡»a« - F¿¥ò tiuf.

eh£L¥òw§fËš ciH¡F« k¡fŸ j§fŸ fis¥ò¤ bjÇahkš ïU¥gj‰fhf¥
ur
ghL« ghlny eh£L¥òw¥ ghlš vd¥gL»wJ. ïjid thŒbkhÊ ïy¡»a« v‹W«

tH§Ft®.
2. nghuo¤jš v‹whš v‹d?
.s
(i) mWtil brŒj be‰fâ®fis¡ fs¤âš mo¤J bešiy¥ ãÇ¥g®.

(ii) bešjhËš vŠáÆU¡F« beškÂfis¥ ãÇ¥gj‰fhf khLfis¡ bfh©L
Äâ¡f¢ brŒt®. ïj‰F¥ nghuo¤jš v‹W bga®.
w
3. nghuo¤jš g‰¿¥ ghL« eh£L¥òw¥ ghliy vGJf.

``khLf£o¥ nghuo¤jhš khshJ brªbešby‹W
Midf£o¥ nghuo¡F« mHfhd bj‹kJiu
w
v‹w ghlš nghuo¤jš g‰¿¡ F¿¥ãL»wJ.

4. R«khL v‹whš v‹d?
w
`ghu« Rk¥gt®fŸ jiyÆš it¤J¡ bfhŸS« JÂ¢RUŸ’ R«khL vd¥gL«.

5. eh‰W¥ g¿¡F«nghJ M©fS« bg©fS« v‹d brŒjd®?
eh‰W¥ g¿¡F«nghJ M©fS« bg©fS« taš tu¥ãš cŸs e©Lfisí«
ão¤jd®.

9
ea¤jF ehfÇf«
ïaš
â¡bfšyh« òfGW« âUbešntÈ
1 ciueil cyf«
kâ¥ÕL
om
1. âUbešntÈ ................. k‹d®fnshL bjhl®ò cilaJ.
m) nru M) nrhH ï) gh©oa <) gšyt
[Éil: ï) gh©oa]
.c
2. ïs§nfhtofŸ .......................... kiy¡F Kj‹ik bfhL¤J¥ ghodh®.
m) ïka M) bfhšÈ ï) bghâif <) Éªâa
[Éil: ï) bghâif]
s
3. âUbešntÈ .................. M‰¿‹ fiuÆš mikªJŸsJ.
m) fhÉÇ M) itif
ï) bj‹bg©iz
bghU¤Jf ok
<) jhÄuguÂ [Éil: <) jhÄuguÂ]
bo
ÉilfŸ
1. j©bghUie - bgh‹ ehza§fŸ cUth¡F« ïl« jhÄuguÂ
2. m¡frhiy - F‰why« gh‹ ehza§fŸ
b
cUth¡F« ïl«
a
3. bfh‰if - jhÄuguÂ K¤J¡ FË¤jš

ur
4. âÇTlkiy - K¤J¡ FË¤jš F‰why«
FWÉdh
.s
1. jhÄuguÂ M‰¿‹ »is MWfŸ ahit?

_‹wh« gUt«
jhÄuguÂ »is MWfŸ : g¢irahW, kÂK¤jhW, á‰whW, fhiuahW,

nr®tyhW, fldheâ.
w
2. bfh‰if K¤J g‰¿¡ TWf.

(i) bfh‰ifÆš Éisªj gh©o eh£L K¤J cyf¥ òfœ bg‰wjhF«.
w
(ii) e‰¿iz, mfeh}W Kjyhd r§f ïy¡»a§fŸ bfh‰if K¤â‹

áw¥ig¡ TW»‹wd.
(iii) »nu¡f, cnuhkhòÇ ehLfis¢ nr®ªj atd®fŸ K¤Jfis ÉU«ã th§»¢
w
br‹wd®.
áWÉdh
1. âUbešntÈ¥ gFâÆš eilbgW« cHî¤bjhÊš F¿¤J vGJf.
(i) âUbešntÈ kht£l¥ bghUshjhu¤âš Kj‹ikahd g§F t»¥gJ cHî¤
bjhÊš. jhÄuguÂ M‰¿‹ _y« ï§F cHî¤bjhÊš eilbgW»‹wJ.
ï§F Fs¤J¥ ghrdK« »z‰W¥ ghrdK«Tl¥ ga‹gh£oš cŸsd.
(ii) ïU gUt§fËš beš gÆÇl¥gL»‹wJ. khdhthÇ¥ gÆ®fshf¢
áWjhÅa§fŸ, v©bzŒÉ¤JfŸ, fhŒfÅfŸ, gU¤â, gaWtiffŸ
ngh‹wit gÆÇl¥gL»‹wd.
(iii) ïuhjhòu«, eh§FneÇ, m«ghrK¤âu«, bj‹fhá ngh‹w gFâfËš
bgUksÉš thiH gÆÇl¥gL»‹wJ. ï§F Éisí« thiH¤jh®fŸ
ea¤jF ehfÇf«
jÄœehL k£LÄ‹¿ f®ehlf«, nfus« ngh‹w ãw khÃy§fS¡F«
om
mD¥g¥gL»‹wd.
(iv) bešÈ¡fhŒ c‰g¤âÆš jÄHf¤âš bešiy kht£lnk KjÈl« t»¡»‹wJ.
2. âUbešntÈ¡F« jÄG¡F« cŸs bjhl®ò F¿¤J vGJf.
âUbešntÈí«, jÄG« :
(i) mf¤âa« v‹D« Kjš jÄœ ïy¡fz üiy vGâat® mf¤âa®. ït®
.c
âUbešntÈÆYŸs bghâif kiyÆš thœªjt®.
(ii) r§f¥ òytuhd khnwh¡f¤J e¥griyah®, e«khœth®, bgÇahœth®,
s
FkuFUgu®, âÇTluhr¥g¡ fÉuha®, fÉuhr¥ g©oj® M»nah®
ïaš 1
âUbešntÈ¢ ÓikÆš ãwªJ jÄG¡F¢ brGik nr®ªJŸsd®.
3.
(iii)
ok
mašeh£L m¿P®fshd Í.í.ngh¥, fhšLbtš, åukhKÅt®
ngh‹nwhiuí« jÄÊ‹ghš <®¤j bgUik¡F cÇaJ âUbešntÈ.
âUbešntÈ efu mik¥ò¥ g‰¿¡ TWf.
(i) bghUie vd¥gL« jhÄuguÂ M‰¿‹ fiuÆš mikªJŸs bešiy
bo
khefÇ‹ mik¥ò áw¥ghdJ.
(ii) efÇ‹ eLnt bešiya¥g® âU¡nfhÉš mikªJŸsJ. nfhÉiy¢ R‰¿
eh‹F g¡f§fËY« khl åâfŸ, mt‰iw¢ R‰¿¤ njnuhL« åâfŸ, mHFw
a
mikªJŸsd.
(iii) muruhš j©o¡f¥g£lt®fŸ áiw it¡f¥g£ljhš bga®bg‰w fht‰òiu¤
ur
bjU cŸsJ.
(iv) jhÅa§fis É‰F« åâahd TiH¡fil (Ty« - jhÅa«), bgh‹
ehza§fis cUth¡F« gÂahs®fŸ thœªj gFâ m¡frhiy, bgU
.s
tÂf« eilbg‰w ïlkhd ng£il v‹D« C® cŸsJ.

(v) ï¤jF áw¥ò ÄFªj efu mik¥òfis¡ bfh©L fhy¤jhš òfœbg‰W
Ã‰»wJ âUbešntÈ efu«.
w
áªjid Édh
k¡fŸ k»œ¢áahf thH xU efu« v›thW ïU¡f nt©L« v‹W
w
Ãid¡»Ö®fŸ?
k¡fŸ k»œ¢áahf thH xU efu« :
w
(i) k¡fŸ M©L KGtJ« j©Ù® gŠr« ï‹¿ thH cjî« Ú®Ãiyfis¥
ghJfh¡f nt©L«.
(ii) kiHÚ® åzhf¡ flÈš br‹W fy¡fhkš M§fh§F Fs§fŸ ïU¡f
nt©L«.
(iii) mid¤J åLfËY« kiHÚ® nrfÇ¥ò¤ bjh£o mik¤âU¡f nt©L«.
(iv) khzt®fŸ gŸË¡F Ú©l öu« bršyhkš k¡fŸ bjhif¡F V‰g gŸËfŸ
k‰W« fšÿÇfŸ ïU¡f nt©L«.
11
(v) nfhÉšfŸ k‰W« üyf« ïU¡f nt©L«.
(vi) M§fh§F ó§fh¡fŸ mik¤J ku« brofis ts®¡f nt©L«. FHªijfŸ
ÉisahLtj‰F«, FHªijfŸ Kjš bgÇat®fŸ tiu cl‰gÆ‰á¡F«
eil¥ gÆ‰á¡F« cjî«go mik¡f nt©L«.
(viii) áwªj ngh¡Ftu¤J trâ¡F¢ rhiyfŸ e‹F mik¡f nt©L«.
(ix) áwªj kU¤JtidfŸ ïU¡f nt©L«.
(x) rhiynahu§fËš ku§fŸ ts®¡f nt©L«.
om
(xi) gytifahd tÂf« eilbgw nt©L«.
(xii) nk‰T¿a mid¤J« k¡fis k»œ¢áahf thH it¡F«.
f‰git f‰wã‹
.c
1. c§fSila kht£l¤âš cŸs R‰Wyh ïl§fŸ g‰¿a brŒâfis¤ njo¤
s
bjhF¡f.
vdJ kht£l¤âš cŸs R‰Wyh ïl§fŸ :
ok
v‹Dila kht£l« br‹id. ïJ e« khÃy¤â‹ jiyefu« MF«. ï§F
gh®¡f nt©oa ïl§fŸ gy cŸsd. ï§FŸs bkÇdh fl‰fiu, cy»nyna
Äf Ú©l fl‰fiufËš ïu©lhtJ ïl¤ij¥ bgW»wJ. br‹id tháfŸ
MirnahL bghGJngh¡» k»G« mUikahd âwªj btË ïlkhF«.
bo
M§»y¡ »H¡»ªâa¡ f«bgÅauhš f£l¥g£lJ òÅj #h®{ nfh£il. ïj‹
btË¥òw¤âš mfÊ, mjid R‰¿ kâš Rt®fŸ cŸsd. nfh£ilÆ‹ K‹ò
Äfî« caukhd bfho¡f«gK« cŸsJ.
m©zh mU§fh£áaf«, ghuj u¤dh lh¡l® v«.Í.M®. ÃidÉl« M»ait
a
bkÇdh fl‰fiuÆš mik¡f¥g£LŸsd. Kjš cyf¥ nghÇš jdJ eh£o‰fhf

ï‹DÆiu <ªj åu®fS¡F kÇahij brY¤J« Éjkhf ngh® Ãidî¢ á‹d«
fl‰fiu¢ rhiyÆš mik¡f¥g£LŸsJ. ï§F M©L njhW« ïuhQt
ur
âd¤â‹ nghJ ky®tisa« it¤J mŠrÈ brY¤j¥gL»wJ.

vG«óÇš cŸs mU§fh£áaf«, ïªâahÉYŸs gHikahd
mU§fh£áaf§fËš ïu©lhtJ ïl¤ij t»¥gJ. ïJ 1851š ÃWt¥g£lJ. ïJ
.s
njáa kuò¢ bršt§fis fh¡F« fiy¡ fsŠáakhf mikªJŸsJ.

_‹wh« gUt«
tŸSt® nfh£l«, jÄœ kiwah« âU¡Fwis cyF¡F mË¤j âUtŸStÇ‹

Ãidthf f£l¥g£l fiy¢ á‹dkhF«.
w
br‹id »©oÆš fhªâaofŸ, ïuh#hÍ, fhkuhr® Ãidthya§fŸ

cŸsd. `Máa Éisah£L mu§FfË‹ muá’ vd¥ ngh‰w¥gL« #tf®yhš
neU Éisah£L mu§f« cŸsJ.
w
m¿P® m©zh cÆÇaš ó§fh t©lÿÇš cŸsJ. thdÉaš g‰¿a

fU¤Jfis E©Âa xË, xÈ rhjd§fis¡ bfh©L k¡fS¡F¡ F¿¥ghf
khzt®fS¡F vËa KiwÆš f‰ã¡F« ïlkhd nfhsu§f«, nfh£^®òu¤âš
w
cŸsJ.
fhËfh«ghŸ nfhÉš, fªj nfh£l«, âUtšÈ¡nfÂ gh®¤jrhuâ nfhÉš,
kÆyh¥óÇš cŸs fghä°tu® nfhÉš, tlgHÅÆš cŸs KUf® nfhÉš,
âUnt‰fhL fUkhÇa«k‹ nfhÉš, $ kAh ¥u¤a§fuh njÉ Mya«,
nfha«ngL FW§fhäRut® nfhÉš vd gy M‹Äf¤jy§fŸ ÃiwªjJ v§fŸ
br‹id kht£l«.

2. jÄœeh£oš cŸs khefuh£áfŸ g‰¿a brŒâfis¤ bjhF¡f.
jÄœeh£oš bkh¤j« 15 khefuh£áfŸ cŸsd. mitfis¥ g‰¿a
brŒâfis fh©ngh«.
(i) br‹id khefuh£á :
efu« cUth¡f¥g£l ehŸ : 29 br¥l«g® 1688
ea¤jF ehfÇf«
khefuh£áahf nk«gL¤j¥g£l ehŸ : 29 br¥l«g® 1688
om
Ã®thf k©ly§fŸ : 15
Ã®thf k©ly§fË‹ bga®fŸ : âUbth‰¿ô®, kzÈ, khjtu«,
j©ilah®ng£il, uhaòu«,
âU.É.f.ef®, m«g¤ö®, m©zh
ef®, njdh«ng£il, nfhl«gh¡f«,
tsruth¡f«, Myªö®, milah®,
.c
bgU§Fo, nrhË§fešÿ®.
th®LfË‹ v©Â¡if : 200
k¡fŸ bjhif (2011 fz¡bfL¥ã‹ go) : 86,96,010
ïaš 1
(ii) nfha«ò¤ö® khefuh£á:

Ã®thf k©ly§fŸ : 5 ok
efu« cUth¡f¥g£l ehŸ
Ã®thf k©ly§fË‹ bga®fŸ

: 1 et«g® 1866
khefuh£áahf nk«gL¤j¥g£l M©L : 1981
: tl¡F, »H¡F, bj‰F, nk‰F, k‰W«

k¤âa k©ly«.
bo
(iii) kJiu khefuh£á:
efu« cUth¡f¥g£l ehŸ : 1 et«g® 1866
a

Ã®thf k©ly§fŸ :4
ur
Ã®thf k©ly§fË‹ bga®fŸ : tl¡F, »H¡F, bj‰F, nk‰F.

.s
(iv) âU¢áuh¥gŸË khefuh£á:

w
Ã®thf k©ly§fË‹ bga®fŸ : $u§f«, mÇak§fy«,
bgh‹kiy, K. mãnõfòu«
w
(v) nry« khefuh£á:
w

Ã®thf k©ly§fË‹ bga®fŸ : Nuk§fy«, A°j«g£o,
m«khng£il, bfh©lyh«g£o
13
(vi) âUbešntÈ khefuh£á:
Ã®thf k©ly§fË‹ bga®fŸ : j¢rešÿ®, ghisa«nfh£il,
nky¥ghisa«, âUbešntÈ.
om
(vii) âU¥ó® khefuh£á:
efu« cUth¡f¥g£l ehŸ : 1 or«g® 1947(gŠrha¤J ôÅadhf)
.c
s
(viii) <nuhL khefuh£á:
efu« cUth¡f¥g£l M©L : 1871

Ã®thf k©ly§fŸ
ok
:4
: Nu«g£o, fhághisa«,
åu¥g‹r¤âu«, bgÇa nr_®.
bo
(ix) ntÿ® khefuh£á:
a
khefuh£áahf nk«gL¤j¥g£l ehŸ : 1 Mf°£ 2008

ur
Ã®thf k©ly§fË‹ bga®fŸ : fh£gho, ntÿ®nfh£il,

r¤Jth¢rhÇ, br©gf«.
.s
(x) ö¤J¡Fo khefuh£á:

_‹wh« gUt«

w
khefuh£áahf nk«gL¤j¥g£l ehŸ : 5 Mf°£ 2008

w
(xi) jŠrhñ® khefuh£á:
w


(xii) â©L¡fš khefuh£á:
ea¤jF ehfÇf«
om
(xiii) ehf®nfhÉš khefuh£á:
.c
(xiv) XN® khefuh£á:
s
ïaš 1
Ã®thf k©ly§fŸ
ok
th®LfË‹ v©Â¡if

:4
: tl¡F, »H¡F, bj‰F, nk‰F.
: 51
bo
(xv) Mto khefuh£á :
efu« cUth¡f¥g£l ehŸ : 10 #dtÇ 1955
a
ur
bjÇªJ bjËnth«
.s
(i) K‰fhy¤âš âUbešntÈ¡F ntQtd« v‹D« bgaU« ïUªJŸsJ.

_§»š fhL v‹gJ mj‹ bghUshF«. _§»š beš ÄFâahf Éisªjikahš
m¥gFâ¡F bešntÈ v‹D« bga® V‰g£oU¡fyh« vdî« fUJt®.
w
(ii) âUbešntÈ¡F mU»YŸs Mâ¢rešÿ® v‹D« ïl¤âš Ãfœ¤j¥g£l

mfœthŒÉš ïwªjt®fË‹ clšfis¥ òij¡f¥ gHªjÄH®fŸ ga‹gL¤âa
KJk¡fŸ jhÊfŸ f©blL¡f¥g£LŸsd. nkY« jÄHÇ‹ bjh‹ik¡F«
w
ehfÇf¢ áw¥ò¡F« rh‹whf És§F« bjhšbghUŸfŸ ï§F¡ »il¤JŸsd.

ï›ñ® j‰nghJ ö¤J¡Fo kht£l¤âš cŸsJ.
w
(iii) jhÄuguÂ M‰¿‹ nk‰F¡ fiuÆš âUbešntÈí« »H¡F¡ fiuÆš

ghisa§nfh£ilí« mikªJŸsd. ï›ÉU efu§fS« ïu£il efu§fŸ
vd miH¡f¥gL»‹wd. ghisa§nfh£ilÆš mâf msÉš fšÉ Ãiya§fŸ
ïU¥gjhš mªefiu¤ bj‹ÅªâahÉ‹ M¡°ngh®L v‹g®.
15
TLjš Édh¡fŸ
Ãu¥òf.
1. gHªjÄHf¤ij M©l k‹d®fŸ nru®, nrhH®, gh©oa®.
2. gh©oa®fË‹ jiyef® kJiu.
3. gh©oa®fsJ ïu©lhtJ jiyefukhf És§»a efu« âUbešntÈ.
om
4. âUbešntÈ¥ gFâia ts« brÊ¡f¢ brŒí« MW jhÄuguÂ MF«.
5. `â¡bfšyh« òfGW« âUbešntÈ’ vd¥ ghoat® âUPhdr«gªj®.
6. `j©bghUie¥ òdš ehL’ v‹W ghoat® nr¡»Hh®.
7. ntQtd« v‹gj‹ bghUŸ _§»š fhL.
8. jÄHf¤âš bešÈ¡fhŒ c‰g¤âÆš KjÈl« t»¡F« kht£l« âUbešntÈ.
.c
9. jhÄuguÂ flnyhL fy¡F« ïl¤âš cŸs JiwKf« bfh‰if.
10. `K¤J¥gL gu¥ã‰ bfh‰if K‹Wiw’ v‹W ghL« üš e‰¿iz.
11. `bfh‰ifÆš bgUªJiw K¤J` vd¥ ghL« üš mfeh}W.
s
12. fht‰òiu v‹whš áiw¢rhiy.
13. jhÅa§fŸ É‰f¥gL« bjU Ty¡fil¤ bjU.
14.
15.
16.
17.
ok
tÂf« eilbgW« gFâ ng£il v‹W tH§f¥g£lJ.
ïu£il efu§fŸ v‹git âUbešntÈí«, ghisa§nfh£ilí« MF«.
bj‹ÅªâahÉ‹ M~°ngh®L ghisa§nfh£il.
gh©oa k‹d‹ Ã‹wÓ® beLkhwid bešiy efu k¡fŸ vâ®bfh©L
bo
tunt‰w ïl« gh©oaòu« v‹W tH§f¥gL»‹wd.
18. gh©oa k‹dÅ‹ njÉah»a k§ifa®¡fuáia kfË® vâ®bfh©L tunt‰w
ïl« âUk§if ef® v‹W tH§f¥gL»‹wd.
19. jhÄuguÂ M‰¿‹ ntW bga® j©bghUie.
a
20. âUbešntÈ¡F mU»š mfœthŒî Ãfœ¤j¥g£l ïl« Mâ¢r ešÿ®.

21. ïwªjt®fË‹ clšfis¥ òij¡f¥ gHªjÄH®fŸ ga‹gL¤âait KJk¡fŸ
ur
jhÊfŸ.
ÉilaË :
1. âUbešntÈ g‰¿¡ F¿¥ò vGJf.
.s
(i) âUbešntÈ jÄHf¤â‹ gHikahd efu§fSŸ x‹W.

_‹wh« gUt«
(ii) gHªjÄHf¤ij¢ nru, nrhH, gh©oa® v‹D« _ntªj® M©L tªjd®.

(iii) mt®fSŸ gh©oa®fË‹ jiyefukhf És§»aJ kJiu.
w
(iv) mt®fsJ ïu©lhtJ jiyefukhf¤ âUbešntÈ És§»aJ.

2. âUbešntÈia¥ g‰¿ âUPhdr«gªj® ghoat‰iw vGJf.
w
(i) `â¡bfšyh« òfGW« âUbešntÈ’ vd¤ âUbešntÈÆ‹ áw¥ig¥

ngh‰¿íŸsh®.
(ii) âUbešntÈÆš â§fŸnjhW« âUÉHh eilbgW« v‹gij,
w
``â§fŸ ehŸÉHh kšF âUbeš

ntÈíiw bršt® jhnk’’ v‹W ghoíŸsh®.
3. F‰whykiyÆ‹ ts¤ij¥ ghoat® ah®? v‹dbt‹W ghoíŸsh®?
(i) F‰why kiyÆ‹ ts¤ij¥ ghoat® âÇTl ïuhr¥g¡ fÉuha®.
(ii) ``thdu§fŸ fÅbfhL¤J kªâbahL bfhŠR«
kªâáªJ fÅfS¡F th‹fÉfŸ bfŠR«’’ v‹W ghoíŸsh®.

4. âUbešntÈ kht£l¤âš nfh£ilfŸ gy ïUªjik¡F¢ rh‹whf És§»a
C®fŸ ahit?
(i) ghisa§nfh£il (ii) c¡»u‹nfh£il (iii) br§nfh£il.
5. g©ila tuyh‰iw Ãidñ£L« âUbešntÈ kht£l C®fŸ ahit?
ea¤jF ehfÇf«
(i) nru‹khnjÉ (ii) f§ifbfh©lh‹
(iii) âUkiya¥òu« (iv) åugh©oa¥ g£od«
om
(v) Fynrfu‹g£od«.

ea¤jF ehfÇf«
ïaš
1 âUbešntÈ¢ Óikí« fÉfS«
.c
ÉÇthd«
s
üš btË
ïaš 1
o.nf.á vd miH¡f¥gL« o.nf. áj«guehj® tH¡f¿P® bjhÊš brŒjt®;
ok
jÄœ vG¤jhsuhfî« âwdhŒthsuhfî« òfœbg‰wt®; ïuáfkÂ v‹W
áw¥ã¡f¥g£lt®. ït® jkJ å£oš `t£l¤bjh£o’ v‹D« bgaÇš ïy¡»a¡
T£l§fŸ el¤â tªjh®. ït® foj ïy¡»a¤â‹ K‹ndho, jÄÊir¡
fhty®, ts®jÄœ M®ty®, F‰why KÅt® vd¥ gythwhf¥ òfH¥gL»wh®.
bo
ï¥ghl¥gFâÆš ïl«bg‰WŸs f£Liu ïtuJ `ïja xÈ’ v‹D« üÈš
ïUªJ ju¥g£LŸsJ.
kâ¥ÕL
a
1.
ur
o.nf.á. F¿¥ãL« âUbešntÈ¡ fÉP®fŸ g‰¿a brŒâfis¤ bjhF¤J vGJf.

fÉP®fŸ j§fŸ fÉ¤âw¤jhš cyifna MŸgt®fŸ. m¥go¥g£lt®fŸ
âUbešntÈ kht£l¤âš ãwªJ âUbešntÈia¥ òfœbgw¢ brŒJŸsd®.
mt®fis¥ g‰¿ ï¡f£LiuÆš fh©ngh«.
.s
foifK¤J¥ òyt® ïU üW M©LfS¡F K‹ thœªjt®. ït® bt§fnlRu

v£l¥g uh#hit¥ g‰¿¥ ghlšfŸ ghoíŸsh®. `K¡Tlš gŸS’ v‹D«
á‰¿y¡»a« `Óty¥ngÇ’ v‹»w K¡Tlš g‰¿ajhF«.
w
kJiuÆÈUªJ bešiy¡F tªjt® gyg£lil¢ brh¡fehj¥ òyt®. ït®

bešiyÆš vGªjUËíŸs fhªâkâ¤ jhia¤ jÇá¤J cÇikíl‹ RthÄÆl«
ághÇR brŒa nt©L»wh®.
w
âUbešntÈ¡F mU»š cŸs ÓitF©l¤J¥ bgUkhis¥ ngh‰¿¥

ghoat® ãŸis¥ bgUkhŸ Mt®. M‰W¡F¤ bj‹fiuÆš e«khœth® ãwªj
Cuhd Mœth® âUefÇš cŸsJ. ïj‹ giHa bga® âU¡FUT®. mt® jkJ
w
<Lgh£il¤ jkJ âUthŒbkhÊÆš ghoíŸsh®.

bfh‰if efu K¤J tÂf¤ij¥ g‰¿ K¤bjhŸshÆu MáÇa® mDgÉ¤J¥
ghoíŸsh®. Ój¡fhâ v‹w bgUtÂf® fhašg£lz¤ij¢ rh®ªjt®. mt® gy
òyt®fis MjÇ¤jt®. mt® ïwªjnghJ ek¢átha¥ òyt®,
``nfhk‹ mHfk® khšÓj¡ fhâ bfhil¡fu¤J¢
Ókh‹ ïwªâ£l nghnj òyikí« br¤jJnt’’ v‹W j« cz®¢áia¥
ghlyh¡»dh®.
17
mUz»Çehj® jh« ghoa âU¥òfÊš VÇÚ® eªjtd§fËš ïUªjjhš
nršÛ‹fŸ JŸË¡ Fâ¤â óŠbrobfhofis mÊ¤jd vd¥ ghoíŸsh®.
m©zhkiyah® fGFkiy KUf‹ nkš fhto¢ áªij¥ ghoíŸsh®.
r§fu‹ nfhÉÈš cŸs nfhkâ¤ jhia¥ g‰¿ mH»a brh¡fehj® g¡ânahL
ghoíŸsh®.
fÇty« tªj ešÿ® v‹D« bga® bfh©l °jy« fUit ešÿ® MF«.
ï¤jy¤ij¥ g‰¿ âU¡fUit bt©gh mªjhâ, gâ‰W¥g¤jªjhâ, fÈ¤Jiw
om
mªjhâ M»a üšfËš òyt® xUt® ghoíŸsh®.
F‰why kiyÆ‹ ïa‰ifia¡ f©l âUPhd r«gªj® È© JË ö§F«
F‰why«’ v‹W ghoíŸsh®. ï¤jy¤ij¥ g‰¿ khÂ¡fthrfU« `c‰whiu
ah‹nt©nl‹‘ v‹w ghlÈš F¿¥ã£LŸsh®.
âÇTluhr¥g¡ fÉuha® j« F‰why¡ FwtŠáÆš ï«kiyÆ‹ ts¤ij¡ F¿
.c
brhšY»‹w bg© TWtJ nghš ghoíŸsh®.
ï¤jF bgUikÄ¡f âUbešntÈia¥ g‰¿í« m§F thœªj òyt®fË‹
òyikiaí« ÃidÉš bfhŸnth«.
s
1.

ok
f‰git f‰wã‹
c§fS¡F¥ ão¤j fÉij x‹iw¥ g‰¿ tF¥giwÆš fyªJiuahLf.
khzt‹ 1 : ï‹W eh‹ üyf« bršyyh« v‹W òw¥g£nl‹. ešy kiH
bo
bgŒjjjhš bršyÉšiy.
khzt‹ 2 : vj‰F üyf¤â‰F bršy nt©L«?
khzt‹ 1 : eh‹ v¥nghJ« ÉLKiw v‹whš üyf¤â‰F¢ bršnt‹.
vd¡F¥ ão¤j üšfis¥ go¤J F¿¥ò vGâ¡ bfhŸnt‹.
a
khzt‹ 2 : m¥goah! Ú vGâa F¿¥ãÈUªJ vij¥ g‰¿ahtJ vd¡F¡

TW»whah?
ur
khzt‹ 1 : jhuhskhf¡ TW»nw‹. ctik¡ fÉP® v‹W ngh‰w¥gL«

RujhÉ‹ fÉij üÈš `ï‹g«’ v‹w jiy¥ãš cŸs fÉij
vd¡F Äfî« ão¤âUªjJ.
``gHªjÄœ f‰wš ï‹g«
.s
gyehL R‰wš ï‹g«

_‹wh« gUt«
vGªâL òJik j‹id

V‰¿lš thœî¡ »‹g«.
w
...............................
..............................
bg‰wij tH§» thG«
w
bgU§Fz« bgWjš ï‹g«.

khzt‹ 2 : ghlÈ‹ Äfî« vËikahf ïU¡»wnj.
khzt‹ 1 : Mkh« ghlš Äfî« vËikahdJ. bghUŸ bghâªj ghlš.
w
khzt‹ 2 : ghlÈ‹ bghUis¡ TW.

khzt‹ 1 : ï‹g« jUtd v‹W fÉP® áyt‰iw¡ TW»wh®. gHªjÄœ
ïy¡»a§fis¡ f‰gJ k»œ¢á jU«. gy ehLfS¡F¥
gaz« nk‰bfhŸtJ kd¤â‰F k»œ¢á jU«. òJikfis
V‰W¡ bfhŸs nt©L«. f‰nwh® Ãiwªj mitÆš jh‹
f‰w fšÉia vL¤Jiu¥gJ« thœÉš bt‰¿ bgWtj‰fhd
brašfËš <LgLtJ« ï‹g« jU«. ÔnahÇ‹ e£ig Éy¡»
thœjš, jh« bg‰w bršt¤ij¥ ãwU¡F¡ bfhL¤J thG«
áwªj Fz« bgWjY« ï‹g« jU«. ïitbašyht‰iwí«
eh« fU¤âš bfh©L brašg£lhš ehK« ï‹gkhf thHyh«.
khzt‹ 2 : rÇahf¢ brh‹dhŒ. ïÅnkš Ú üyf« bršY«nghJ
v‹idí« miH¤J¢ brš.
ea¤jF ehfÇf«
khzt‹ 1 : rÇ! miH¤J¢ brš»nw‹.
om

ea¤jF ehfÇf«
ïaš
1 mÂ ïy¡fz« f‰f©L
.c
kâ¥ÕL
ïaš 1
1.

FWÉdh
ok
ctik, ctnka«, ctkcUò És¡Ff.
xU brhšiy k‰bwhU brhšnyhL x¥ã£L¡ TWtJ ctik mšyJ ctkhd«
MF«. ctikahš És¡f¥gL« bghUŸ ctnka« MF«. ctik ctnka«
bo
ïu©L¡F« ïilÆš tU« cUò ctk cUò MF«.
v.fh. nj‹ ngh‹w bkhÊ
↓ ↓ ↓
a
ctik ctkcUò ctnka«

2. ctik mÂ¡F« vL¤J¡fh£L ctik mÂ¡F« cŸs ntWghL ahJ?
ur
ctik mÂ vL¤J¡fh£L ctik mÂ

xU ghlÈš ctikí« ctik xU bjhluhfî« ctnka«
.s
ctnkaK« tªJ ctk cUò xU bjhluhfî« tªJ ctk cUò

btË¥gilahf tªjhš mJ kiwªJ tªjhš m~J vL¤J¡fh£L
ctik mÂahF«. ctikmÂ MF«.
w
f‰git f‰wã‹
w
ã‹tU« bjhl®fËš cŸs ctik, ctnka«, ctk cUò M»at‰iw¡

f©l¿ªJ vGJf.
w
bjhl®fŸ ctik ctnka« ctk cUò

kyu‹d ghj« ky® ghj« m‹d
nj‹ ngh‹w jÄœ nj‹ jÄœ ngh‹w
òÈ nghy¥ ghŒªjh‹ nrhH‹ òÈ nrhH‹ nghy
kÆbyh¥g ModhŸ khjÉ kÆš khjÉ x¥g
19
Ãu¥òf. TLjš Édh¡fŸ

1. mÂ v‹D« brhšY¡F mHF v‹gJ bghUŸ.
2. xU brŒíis¢ brhšyhY«, bghUshY« mHF bgw¢ brŒjš mÂ vd¥gL«.
3. nghy, òiua, m‹d, ï‹d, m‰W, ï‰W, khd, fL¥g, x¥g, cwH ngh‹wit
ctk cUòfŸ MF«.
om
4. xU ghlÈš ctikí« ctnkaK« tªJ ctk cUò btË¥gilahf tªjhš
mJ ctik mÂ vd¥gL«.
5. xU ghlÈš ctik xU bjhluhfî« ctnka« xU bjhluhfî« tªJ ctk
cUò kiwªJ tªjhš mJ vL¤J¡fh£L ctik mÂ vd¥gL«.
6. cy»š ïšyhj x‹iw ctikahf¡ TWtJ ïšbghUŸ ctik mÂ MF«.
.c
ÉilaË :
1. ctikaÂ És¡Ff.
mÂ És¡f«: xU ghlÈš ctikí«, ctnkaK« tªJ ctk cUò
s
btË¥gilahf tUtJ ctikaÂ MF«.

mÂ mikªj ghlš:
ïfœth®¥ bghW¤jš jiy. ok

mfœthiu¤ jh§F« Ãy«nghy¤ j«ik
ghlš bghUŸ: óÄ j‹id¤ njh©Lgtiu¥ bghW¤J¡ bfhŸtJnghy eh«
e«ik ïfœªJ ngRgtiu¥ bghW¤J bfhŸs nt©L«.
bo
mÂ bghU¤j«: óÄ j‹id¤ njh©Lgtiu¥ bghW¤J¡ bfhŸSjš v‹gJ
ctik. eh« e«ik ïfœªJ ngRgtiu¥ bghW¤J¡ bfhŸs nt©L« v‹gJ
ctnka«. `nghy’ v‹gJ ctk cUò.
a
2. vL¤J¡fh£L ctikaÂ És¡Ff.

mÂ ïy¡fz«: ctik xU bjhluhfî« ctnka« xU bjhluhfî« tªJ
ur
ctk cUò kiwªJ tUtJ vL¤J¡fh£L ctik mÂ MF«.

v.fh. :
bjh£lid¤J CW« kz‰nfÂ khªj®¡F¡
f‰wid¤J CW« m¿î.
.s
ghlÈ‹ bghUŸ: kz‰nfÂÆš njh©oa msÉ‰F Ú® CW«. kÅj®fŸ

_‹wh« gUt«
f‰F« msÉ‰F V‰g m¿î bgUF« v‹gjhF«.

mÂ bghU¤j«:
w
bjh£lid¤J CW« kz‰nfÂ v‹gJ ctik.

khªj®¡F¡ f‰wid¤J CW« m¿î v‹gJ ctnka«.
ïilÆš `mJnghy’ ‹D« ctk cUò kiwªJ tªJŸsJ.
w
3. ïšbghUŸ ctikaÂ És¡Ff.

mÂ ïy¡fz«: cy»š ïšyhj x‹iw ctikahf¡ TWtJ ïšbghUŸ
w
ctik mÂ MF«.
v.fh. :
1. khiy btÆÈš kiH¤öwš bgh‹kiH bghÊªjJ nghš njh‹¿aJ.
2. fhis bfh«ò Kis¤j Fâiu nghy¥ ghŒªJ tªjJ.
mÂ bghU¤j«: cy»š bgh‹ kiHahf¥ bghÊtJ ïšiy, bfh«ò Kis¤j
Fâiuí« ïšiy. ï›thW cy»š ïšyhj x‹iw ctikahf¡ Tw¥g£ljhš
ïšbghUŸ ctikaÂ¡F¢ rh‹whÆd.
bkhÊia MŸnth«
nf£f.
òfœbg‰w fÉP® xUtuJ ciuÆ‹ xÈ¥gâit¡ nf£L k»œf.
ea¤jF ehfÇf«
khzt®fŸ jh§fshfnt òfœbg‰w fÉP® xUtuJ ciuÆ‹ xÈ¥gâit nf£L
om
k»H nt©L«.
Ñœ¡fhQ« jiy¥òfSŸ x‹W g‰¿ ïu©L ÃÄl« ngRf
1. eh‹ ÉU«ò« fÉP®.
eh‹ ÉU«ò« fÉP® - kfhfÉ ghuâah® :
.c
eh‹ ÉU«ò« fÉPuhd ghuâahiu¥ g‰¿¥ ngr tªJŸns‹.
ïªâa¤ jhÆ‹ koÆš MdªjkhŒ¤ jtH nt©oa eh« moikfshŒ¢
RU©L »lªjij¥ bghW¡fhkš, e«ik Û£f e«Äilna Rjªâu cz®ití«
s
vG¢áiaí« åu« ÄFªj j‹Dila ghlšfshš V‰gL¤âat® ghuâah®. ït®
ïaš 1
rhâ, kj«, ïd«, bkhÊ, kj ntWghLfË‹¿ midtiuí« j« ghlšfËdhš

x‹¿iz¤jt®.
ok
kfhfÉ ghuâah® ö¤J¡Fo kht£l« v£ilaòu¤âš 1882 M« M©L or«g®
11 M« njâ á‹drhÄ Ia® - ïy¡FÄa«khŸ j«gâaU¡F kfdhf¥ ãwªjh®.
ïtuJ ïa‰bga® R¥ãukÂa‹ MF«.
bo
j‹ ïs«taânyna jÄÊš fÉijfŸ gho midtiuí« ft®ªjt®.
ïtuJ 16MtJ taânyna v£ilaòu« muritÆš fÉij gho `ghuâ’ v‹D«
g£l¤ij¥ bg‰wh®. ghuâ v‹whš fiykfŸ v‹gJ bghUshF«. jÄœ, tlbkhÊ,
M§»y« v‹w gy bkhÊfËš j‹ òyikÆid nk«gL¤â¡ bfh©lt®.
a
ghuâahÇ‹ cŸs¤âš ÉLjiy nt£if v¥nghJ« bfhGªJ É£L vÇªJ

bfh©nl ïU¡F«. mj‹ btË¥ghnl mtUila ghlšfŸ. mt® j« ng¢rhY«
ur
vG¤jhY« ÉLjiy nt£ifia¤ ö©oat®. mJk£Lkh? t.c.á. R¥ãukÂa

áth Kjyhd ÉLjiy¥ nghuh£l åu®fSl‹ nr®ªJ ÉLjiy g‰¿na
fyªJiuahLth®. ÉLjiy¥ nghuh£l¤âš KG _¢rhf <Lg£lh®. mt® ghoa
.s
ghlšfS« f£LiufS« ÉLjiyia¥ g‰¿ k£Lnk vâbuhÈ¤jd.

ghuâahUila mf‹W ÉÇªj Érhy¥ gh®it ïªâa eâfis ïiz¤jJ.
khÃy§fis ïiz¤jJ. mj‰F¢ rh‹W `áªJ eâÆ‹ Äir ÃyÉÅny...’ v‹w
w
ghlš tÇfŸjh‹. `f§if eâ¥òw¤J¡ nfhJikia¥ bg‰W¡ bfh©L, fhÉÇ

bt‰¿iyia khW bfhŸnth«’ v‹W ghoíŸsh®.
ïªâahÉ‹ x‹Wg£l Ãiy¡F¤ jÄœ¢ rKjha« ïizªJ brašgl j«
w
ghlšfis¥ gh® KGtJ« gut¢ brŒjt® ghuâah®. ït® ÉLjiy¥ nghuh£l¡

fhy¤âš k¡fis neh¡», ïªj ehL e« všnyhU¡F« brhªj«, eh« všnyhU«
ïªj eh£L¡F¢ brhªj« v‹W ghodh®.
w
ghuâah® e«ã¡ifÆ‹ kW cUt« v‹W brh‹dhš mJ ÄifahfhJ.

VbdÅš ïªâah ÉLjiy »il¥gj‰F K‹ghfnt
``MLnthnk gŸS¥ gLnthnk
Mdªj Rjªâu« milªJÉ£ nlhbk‹W’’ - v‹W Mo¥ ghodh®.
gy bkhÊfis¡ f‰w¿ªj ghuâ, `àhk¿ªj bkhÊfËny jÄœbkhÊ nghš
ïÅjht bj§F« fhnzh«’’ v‹W jÄœ bkhÊÆ‹ áw¥ig vL¤Jiu¤JŸsh®.
21
rhâ¡ bfhLikfŸ, bg©zoik, r_f V‰w¤jhœîfŸ v‹W mid¤ijínk
ïªeh£oÈUªJ Ú¡f nt©L« v‹gâš cWâahf ïUªjt®.
tskhd, tÈikahd ghuj¤â‰F¤ njitahd áwªj tÊfŸ ahî«
mtUila ghlšfËš cŸsd. mij eh« ã‹g‰¿dhš mt® fdÉš f©l
ghuj¤ij eh« Ãfœfhy¤âš cUth¡f Koí« v‹gij¡ T¿ thŒ¥gË¤jik¡F
e‹¿ T¿ Éil bgW»nw‹.
om
2. vd¡F¥ ão¤j ghlš.
midtU¡F« tz¡f«! vd¡F¥ ão¤j eh£L¥òw¥ ghlš g‰¿ ï§F¥ ngr
tªJŸns‹.
eh£L¥òw¥ ghlšfŸ V£oš vGj¥glhj X® ïy¡»a«. tÊ tÊahf
K‹ndh®fŸ ghoaij¡ nf£L«, mjndhL j§fŸ ïurid¡nf‰wthW mt‰¿š
.c
th®¤ijfis¢ nr®¤J« eh£L¥òw¥ ghlšfŸ cUthÆd. eh£L¥òw¥ ghlšfËš
brhšy¥glhj fU¤JfŸ »ilahJ. Äf¡ fodkhd fU¤Jfis¡ Tl Äf¢
Rygkhf ghoÉLth®fŸ. MHkhd fU¤JfSl‹ Hfu, yfu, sfu vG¤JfË‹
c¢rÇ¥ò k‰W« wfu, ufu c¢rÇ¥òfŸ, eh¥ãwœ¢á ïšyhkš ghL« gÆ‰á
s
M»ait eh£L¥òw¥ ghlšfËdhš »il¡»‹wd.
(i) ``fliyÆny xU cuš
cuSJ bguSJ
j¤jË¡FJ jhs« nghLJ
fliy jsu cGJ
fy fliy Éij¢nr‹
ok
bo
fy fliyí« fy fliyah¢R.’’
(ii) ``ÉahH¡»Hik ViH¡»Ht‹
thiH¥gH« tG¡»
ÑnH ÉGªjh‹.’’
a
btŸisa® M£áia cŸns EiHaÉ£lJ e« jtW. mij btF mHfhf¡ xU

eh£L¥òw¥ ghlš TW»wJ:-
ur
``Xuh‹ Xuh‹ njh£l¤âny

xUt‹ ngh£lJ btŸsÇ¡fhŒ
fhR¡F bu©L É‰f¢ brhšÈ¡
fhÆj« ngh£lhdh« btŸis¡fhu‹
.s
btŸis¡fhu‹ gz« btŸË¥gz«

_‹wh« gUt«
nto¡if¡ fh£Ljh« á‹d gz«.’’

w
ï›thW eh£L¥òw ïy¡»a§fŸ gy brŒâfis vL¤J¡ TW»‹wd. ï›Éy¡»a«

vËikahd brh‰fshš mik¡f¥g£LŸsjhš, midtuhY« ïjid go¤J
czu Koí«. vd¡F ngr thŒ¥gË¤jik¡F e‹¿ T¿ ÉilbgW»nw‹.
w
brhšy¡ nf£L vGJf

1. khLfŸ bfh©L Ãy¤ij cGjd®.
w
2. Ú®ts« Ä¡f C® âUbešntÈ.

3. bešiyÆš jÄœ¡ fÉP® gy® thœªjd®.
4. mf¤âa® thœªj kiy bghâif kiy.
5. ïšyhj bghUis ctikah¡FtJ ïšbghUŸ ctik mÂ.

ghliy¥ go¤J Édh¡fS¡F ÉilaË¡f

gid kunk gid kunk
V‹ tsªnj ï¤ öu«?
Fo¡f¥ gjÅahnd‹!
ea¤jF ehfÇf«
bfh©L É‰f E§fhnd‹!
öu¤J k¡fS¡F¤
om
önjhiy ehdhnd‹!
mG»w ãŸisf£F¡
»Y»Y¥ig ehdhnd‹!
ifâÇ¡F« fÆWkhnd‹!
f‹Wf£l¤ J«òkhnd‹! - eh£L¥òw¥ghlš
.c
Édh¡fŸ :
1. gid ku« jU« czî¥bghUŸfŸ ahit?
gjÅ, E§F M»ait gid ku« jU« czî¥ bghUŸfshF«.
s
2. gid ku« ahU¡F¡ »Y»Y¥ig¤ jU«?
ïaš 1
gid kukhdJ, mG»w ãŸis¡F¡ »Y»Y¥igia¤ jU»wJ.
3.

4.

önjhiy = öJ + Xiy. ok
`önjhiy’ v‹D« brhšiy¥ ãÇ¤J vGJf.
gidku« _y« ek¡F¡ »il¡F« bghUŸfis¥ g£oaÈLf.

gjÅ, E§F, önjhiy, »Y»Y¥ig, fÆW, J«ò KjÈad gidku« _y«
bo
ek¡F¡ »il¡F« bghUŸfshF«.
5. ghlY¡F V‰w jiy¥ig vGJf.
gid jU« tu«.
a
ã‹tU« jiy¥ãš f£Liu vGJf

ur
v‹id¡ ft®ªj üš
v‹id¡ ft®ªj üš - âU¡FwŸ:
`fš njh‹¿ k© njh‹wh¡ fhy¤nj K‹ njh‹¿a _¤jFo jÄœFo’ v‹gJ
K‹ndh® th¡F. cy»‹ Äf¤ bjh‹ikahd jÄœbkhÊ g©il¡ fhy¤âÈUªJ
.s
j‰fhy« tiu ek¡F gy üšfis¤ jªJ bfh©nlÆU¡»wJ. MdhY«

ï‹wsî« cyf k¡fshš ngh‰w¥gL« cyf¥ bghJkiwah« âU¡Fwis¥
g‰¿ ï¡f£LiuÆš fh©ngh«.
w
cyf¥bghJkiw :
mw«, bghUŸ, ï‹g« M»at‰iw br«ikíw ek¡F¡ TW« âU¡FwŸ
F¿¥ã£l xU eh£odU¡nfh, bkhÊÆdU¡nfh k£L« cÇ¤j‹W. cyf«
w
KGtâ‰F« brhªjkhdJ. cy»nyna mâf bkhÊfËš bkhÊbga®¡f¥g£l

üšfËš âU¡FwŸ _‹wh« ïl¤âš cŸsJ. ïJtiu 107 bkhÊfËš
bkhÊbga®¡f¥g£LŸsJ. btËeh£odU¡F« ï§F tªJ jÄœ f‰W
w
âU¡Fwis¥ go¤J, ã‹ j§fŸ bkhÊfËš bkhÊbga®¤JŸsd®.

mw§fŸ TW« âU¡FwŸ :
âU¡FwËš kÅjD¡F¢ brhšyhj mw§fns »ilahJ. rhjhuz kÅj‹
Kjš k‹d‹ tiu midtU¡F« Tw¥g£LŸs fU¤JfŸ bghJthdit; vªj¡
fhy¤â‰F« bghUªj¡ Toait. âUtŸSt® rhjhuz¡ Fokfdhf thœªjt®jh‹.
Mdhš mur‹, JwÉ, FL«g¤ jiyt‹ v‹W midtU¡F« thœÉaš be¿fis¡
T¿íŸsh®. âU¡Fwis¥ go¡f go¡f ï‹gK« g©ò« tsU«.
23
Koîiu :
``tŸSt‹ j‹id cy»D¡nf jªJ
th‹ òfœ bfh©l jÄœehL’’
v‹W ghuâ òfœªJŸsh®. VnH Ó®fËš cyf Úâia¢ brhšY« âU¡Fwns eh‹
ï‹W« v‹W« ÉU«ò« üyhF«.
om
bkhÊnahL ÉisahL
FW¡bfG¤J¥ òâ®.
jÄœeh£oš cŸs C®¥ bga®fisí« mt‰¿‹ áw¥igí« m¿nth«.
.c
1 2
3 4
5 6
s
7
9 ok
11
10
8
12
bo
13 14
ïlÄUªJ ty« tyÄUªJ ïl«

1. ã‹dyhil efu« 3. kiy¡nfh£il efu«
2. kiyfË‹ muá 5. ViHfË‹ C£o
a
6. jÄHf¤â‹ jiyefu« 8. kh§fÅ¤ âUÉHh

13. be‰fsŠáa« 11. kŠrŸ khefu«
ur
nkÈUªJ Ñœ ÑÊUªJ nkš

1. ó£L efu« 9. g£lhR efu«
3. nj® mHF efu« 10. ö§fh efu«
.s
4. bj‰F všiy 12. kiyfË‹ ïstuá

7. òÈfŸ fh¥gf« 14. f®kåu® efu«
_‹wh« gUt«
ÉilfŸ
ïlÄUªJ ty« tyÄUªJ ïl«
1. âU¥ó® 3. âU¢á
w
2. cjif 5. V‰fhL
6. br‹id 8. fhiu¡fhš
w
13. jŠrhñ® 11. <nuhL

nkÈUªJ Ñœ ÑÊUªJ nkš
1. â©L¡fš 9. átfhá
3. âUth%® 10. kJiu
4. f‹ÅahFkÇ 12. bfhil¡fhdš
7. K©lªJiw 14. ÉUJef®

bjhlU¡F¥ bghU¤jkhd ctikia vL¤J vGJf

1. v‹ jhah® v‹id ............... fh¤J ts®¤jh®. (f©iz ïik fh¥gJ nghy/
jhia¡ f©l nria¥ nghy) [Éil: f©iz ïik fh¥gJ nghy]
2. ehD« v‹ njhÊí« ................. ïizªJ ïU¥ngh«. (ïŠá â‹w Fu§F
ea¤jF ehfÇf«
nghy/ efK« rijí« nghy) [Éil: efK« rijí« nghy]
om
3. âUtŸStÇ‹ òfiH .............. cyfnk m¿ªJŸsJ. (vÈí« óidí« nghy/
cŸs§if bešÈ¡fÅ nghy) [Éil: cŸs§if bešÈ¡fÅ nghy]
4. m¥Jš fyhÄ‹ òfœ ..................... cybf§F« guÉaJ. (F‹¿nkÈ£l És¡F
nghy/ Fl¤JŸ ï£l És¡F nghy) [Éil: F‹¿‹nkÈ£l És¡F nghy]
.c
5. áW taâš eh‹ gh®¤j Ãfœ¢áfŸ................... v‹ kd¤âš gâªjd.
(»z‰W¤jtis nghy/ gRku¤jhÂ nghy) [Éil: gRku¤jhÂ nghy]
s
bfhL¡f¥g£LŸs CÇ‹ bga®fËš ïUªJ òâa brh‰fis cUth¡Ff
ïaš 1
(v.fh.) âUbešntÈ
ok
- âU, beš, ntÈ, ntš
1. ehf¥g£od« - ehf«, g£od«, go, g£o, f¥g«, eho, eh
2. f‹ÅahFkÇ - f‹Å, FkÇ, fÅ, fÇ, ah, fah
bo
3. br§fšg£L - br§fš, g£L, gL, brš, gš, fš, gfš, gf£L
4. cjfk©ly« - k©, k©ly«, kl«, c©, f©, jl«, fk©ly«, fl«
5. g£L¡nfh£il - g£L, nfh£il, nfhil, gil, g£il, nfh, nfhL
a
Ã‰f mj‰F¤ jf
ur
v‹ bghW¥òfŸ
1. efu§fË‹ áw¥ò¤ j‹ikia m¿ªJ ngh‰Wnt‹.
2. x›bthU CÇY« eilbgW« bjhÊšfË‹ áw¥ig m¿ªJ bjhÊš
.s
brŒnthiu kâ¥ng‹.
fiy¢brhš m¿nth«
w
1. ehfÇf« - Civilization 6. be‰gÆ® - Paddy

2. ntsh©ik - Agriculture 7. Ú®¥ghrd« - Irrigation
w
3. eh£L¥òwÉaš - Folklore 8. gÆÇLjš - Cultivation

4. fÉP® - Poet 9. mašeh£od® - Foreigner
5. - Harvest 10. cHÉaš - Agronomy
w
mWtil

25
myF¤ nj®î -1
neu« : 60 ÃÄl§fŸ kâ¥bg©fŸ : 25
I. rÇahd Éilia¤ nj®ªbjL¤J vGJf. (3 × 1 = 3)

1. ku« ts®¤jhš ............................ bgwyh«.
om
m) kh¿ M) khÇ ï) fhÇ <) ghÇ
2. `nj®ªbjL¤J’ v‹D« brhšiy¥ ãÇ¤J vGj¡ »il¥gJ ........................... .
m) nj® + vL¤J M) nj®ªJ + bjL¤J
ï) nj®ªjJ + mL¤J <) nj®ªJ + vL¤J
3. ïs§nfhtofŸ .......................... kiy¡F Kj‹ik bfhL¤J¥ ghodh®.
.c
m) ïka M) bfhšÈ ï) bghâif <) Éªâa
II. nfho£l ïl§fis Ãu¥òf. (3 × 1 = 3)
s
4. be‰gÆ® eLtj‰fhd ïilbtË .............................. .
5. ntQtd« v‹gj‹ bghUŸ ......................... .
6.
7.
ok
cy»š ïšyhj x‹iw ctikahf¡ TWtJ .................. MF«.
III. bjhlU¡F¥ bghU¤jkhd ctikia vL¤J vGJf (3 × 1 = 3)
hD« v‹ njhÊí« ................. ïizªJ ïU¥ngh«. (ïŠá â‹w Fu§F nghy/ efK«
e
bo
rijí« nghy)
8. âUtŸStÇ‹ òfiH .............. cyfnk m¿ªJŸsJ. (vÈí« óidí« nghy/ cŸs§if
bešÈ¡fÅ nghy)
9. m¥Jš fyhÄ‹ òfœ ..................... cybf§F« guÉaJ. (F‹¿nkÈ£l És¡F nghy/
a
Fl¤JŸ ï£l És¡F nghy)

ur
IV. ã‹tU« Édh¡fSŸ vitnaD« _‹W Édh¡fS¡F _‹W tÇfËš

ÉilaË¡fî«. (3 × 2 = 6)
10. ghÇ kfËÇ‹ bga®fis vGJf.
.s
11. be‰fâÇÈUªJ beškÂia v›thW ãÇ¥g®?

_‹wh« gUt«
12. jhÄuguÂ M‰¿‹ »is MWfŸ ahit?

w
13. ctik mÂ¡F« vL¤J¡fh£L ctik mÂ¡F« cŸs ntWghL ahJ?
V. ã‹tU« Édh¡fSŸ vitnaD« ïu©L Édh¡fS¡F MW tÇfËš

w
ÉilaË¡fî«. (2 × 3 = 6)
14. jÄH®fË‹ ãw g©gh£L¡ TWfis vGJf.
15. cHî¤bjhÊÈ‹ Ãfœîfis tÇir¥gL¤â vGJf.
w
16. k¡fŸ k»œ¢áahf thH xU efu« v›thW ïU¡f nt©L« v‹W Ãid¡»Ö®fŸ?
VI. mokhwhkš vGJf. 4

17. `khÇbah‹W’ vd¤ bjhl§F« `ÉUªnjh«gš’ ghliy¢ brŒíŸ toÉš vGJf.

om
N
s .c
TERM ok G
bo
III L
a
I
ur
.s
S
w
w
H
w
75
C ontents
om
ENGLISH
.c
Units Chapters Page No.
1 Prose - Journey by Train 77 - 88
s
Poem - Sea Fever 89 - 94
ok
Supplementary - Sindbad – My First Voyage
Unit Test Questions with Answers
95 - 102
103 - 104
2 Prose - A Story of Self Sacrifice and

bo
Bravery 105 - 119
Poem - Courage 120 - 125
Supplementary - Man Overboard 126 - 134
a
Unit Test Questions with Answers 135 - 136
3
ur
Play - Jane Eyre 137 - 150
Sura’s Summative Assessment Model Question Paper

151 - 154
with answers
.s
Tamil Translation 155 - 168

w
w
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76

PROSE
Unit 1 Journey by Train
om
MIND MAP
Journey by Train
.c
The trio set out from the Mr. Phileas Fogg and
village towards Allahabad Passepartout go on a train
on the elephant. journey
s
Mr. Phileas bets the Reform
ok
Phileas purchased an
elephant for 2000 pounds.
They searched for a

Club - will go round the
world in eighty days
The train passed the

bo
long time for a means of bridges, mountains, jungles
transport and fertile lands.
Sir Francis and Mr. Phileas The train stopped 50 miles

a
were angry short of Allahabad

ur
The railroad ended at

Kholby
.s
GLOSSARY
abandoned - deserted or left
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acacia - a thorny tree

announced - reported
bargain - agreement
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carpet bag - a travelling bag made of carpet fabric (Mr. Phileas Fogg left London
with very little luggage. All his money was in the carpet bag.)
conveyance - transportation
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dense - thick
equipped - provided
extracted - took out
fertile territory - rich vegetated area
flurried - worried
foreseen - predicted
77
Sura’s ➠ VII Std 5 in 1 ➠ Term III - English - Unit - 1

furious - extremely angry
gazing - look steadily
halt - stop
hasty - quick
hesitation - unwilling
horizon - the line at which the earth’s surface and the sky appear to meet
om
howdahs - a seat for riding on the back of an elephant
locomotive - railway engine
magnificent - superb
obstacle - difficulty
perched - positioned
.c
persisted - continued
point-blank - bluntly
proceeded - moved
s
proposed - put forward
rapidly
refused
rejoined
resolved
- quickly
- not willing
ok
- joined together
- firmly determined
bo
snapped - became angry
spirals - shapes or patterns
straggling - trailing
tributaries - streams or small rivers
a
yielded - accepted
zeal - enthusiasm
ur
* Words given in bold are taken from Textbook Glossary.
Section - I
.s
SUMMARY
This story tells us of an amazing journey by an Englishman Mr. Phileas Fogg. He is a ruthless
w
perfectionist who cares more about the bet than the native places, he sees on his travels. He will do
anything, even lie and cheat, to get what he wants.
Mr. Phileas Fogg along with his French attendant, Passepartout, attempts to go round the
w
world in eighty days by taking a bet for $ 20,000. They travel through some parts of India. That
was the time, when the railways were being built in the country. The train started at the scheduled
time from Bombay. There were a number of passengers like officers, government officials and
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merchants in the train. Sir Francis Cromarty, one of Mr. Fogg's friends, occupied a seat opposite
to them. The train passed the bridges, the Island of Salcette, mountains, jungles, forests and the
fertile territory of Khandesh.
Passepartout couldn't believe that he was actually crossing India in a railway train. Tigers and
snakes fled at the noise of the train. Elephants stood gazing at the train with sad eyes. At half-past
twelve, the train stopped at Burhampoor. The travellers had a hasty breakfast. The train entered the
valleys of Sutpour Mountains at three in the morning.
78
Sura’s ➠ VII Std 5 in 1 ➠ Term III - English - Prose

Give a picturesque view through which the train travels.
Ans Bridges, Mountains, Straggling Tributaries of Jungles, forests,
Island of Nassik, villages, Godavari, Palm River Tapty, Gulf of
Journey by Train
Salcette. Khandesh. Towers of trees, attractive Cambray, valleys of
temples. bangalows, viharas Sutpour Mountains.
and temples.
om
Section - II
SUMMARY
.c
The train stopped at 8 o'clock some fifteen miles beyond Rothal. Phileas Fogg and others
were annoyed. They were wondering why there was a halt of the train in the midst of the forest.
s
When they enquired, the conductor informed them that the railroad lines ends at Kholby, 50 miles
short of Allahabad. The line begins again from there in Allahabad. Sir Francis got angry because
ok
they sold the tickets from Bombay to Calcutta, without confirming about the railroad lines.
The passengers had to provide means of transportation for themselves from Kholby to Allahabad.
So, Mr. Fogg, his attendant and Sir. Francis planned to reach Allahabad in time by some means of
transport, as a steamer was ready to leave Calcutta for Hongkong on the 25th. They had two days
bo
left to reach Calcutta.
Discuss and answer - Intext Questions.
1. Why did the train stop in the middle of the forest?
a
Ans The train stopped in the middle of the forest as there were no railroad lines beyond
that place.
ur
2. Why was Sir Francis angry?

Ans There were no railroad lines from Kholby to Allahabad. But the tickets were sold from
Bombay to Calcutta. So Sir Francis was angry.
.s
Section - III
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SUMMARY
After searching the village from end to end, Mr. Fogg and Sir. Francis came back without
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finding any means of transport. But Passepartout suggested that they can travel on an Indian
elephant. As it could travel rapidly for a long time, Mr. Fogg determined to hire it. Even though
Mr. Fogg offered excessive amount to hire the elephant, the elephant's owner refused to hire it.
w
So Mr. Fogg finally purchased the elephant for two thousand pounds. A young man offered his
services as a guide to them.
While Mr. Fogg and Sir Francis took the howdahs on either side, Passepartout got on to the
saddle-cloth between them. The driver sat on the elephant's neck and at 9 o'clock set out from the
village to Allahabad.
79

Discuss and answer.
1. Which mode of transport did Fogg choose?
Ans At first, Fogg chose to go on foot to Allahabad. Then he purchased an elephant to take
them to Allahabad.
2. Did he hire Kiouni? Why?
om
Ans No, he did not hire Kiouni, but purchased it for 2000 pounds, because the owner of
the elephant intended to make a big bargain and so refused to hire him.
3. Why was the elephant owner happy with the deal?
Ans The elephant owner was happy with the deal because Mr. Fogg offered him 2000
.c
pounds to purchase the elephant.
READ AND UNDERSTAND
s
A. Fill in the table.
Ans
Problems Faced By Mr. Fogg
And His Team
ok Solution
bo
The train stopped in the middle The passengers must provide themselves a means
of the forest. of transport from Kholby to Allahabad.
They couldn’t hire the elephant. Mr. Fogg purchased it for 2000 pounds.
They were in need of an elephant
a
A young man offered his service as a guide.

driver.
ur
B. Answer the questions briefly.

1. Who inhabited the jungles that the train passed through?
Ans Snakes, tigers and elephants inhabited the jungles that the train passed through.
.s
2. What was the reaction of the inhabitants?

Ans Snakes and tigers fled at the noise of the train. The elephants stood gazing with
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sad eyes at the train, as it passed.

3. What did Mr. Fogg mean by, ‘it was foreseen’?
Ans Mr. Fogg meant that some difficulty or the other would sooner or later arise on
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his route.
4. Describe the elephant driver in your own words.
w
Ans The elephant driver was intelligent and a skilled young man. He covered the
elephant's back with saddle-cloth. He attached seats on each of its side. He sat on
the neck of the elephant and set out from the village with the three passengers.
80

C. Think and Answer.
1. What qualities of Mr. Phileas Fogg are highlighted in this extract? Support your
answer with suitable examples.
Journey by Train
Ans Mr. Phileas Fogg was a rich, English man. He was a member of the Reform Club
of London. He orders his life precisely by the clock and makes a bet with fellow
club members that he can travel around the world in 80 days. He travels with his
om
French servant Passepartout. He is a precise and intelligent man. He is perfect in
his manners and is very punctual as well as particular about what he wants. This is
evident in this extract, when he is determined to travel to Allahabad as planned.
He even goes to the extent of purchasing an elephant for 2000 pounds to continue
his travel to Allahabad. These qualities of Mr. Fogg are highlighted in his extract.
.c
VOCABULARY
D. Fill in the blanks with correct travel words.
s
schedule reach book railway pack board
Ans
ok
To make travel convenient, we must book tickets well in advance. Then we have to
pack our things and schedule our trip. We have to reach the railway station in time
and board the train in order to reach our destination.
bo
E. Match the phrasal verbs with their meanings.
Section - A Section – B
Phrasal verbs Meaning
a
1. set out (a) to go somewhere for a short break or holiday

2. pick up (b) to begin a journey
ur
3. get away (c) to enter a bus, a train or a plane

4. see off (d) to leave a bus, a train or a plane
5. get into (e) to go to the station to say good bye to someone
.s
6. get off (f) to get someone from a place
[ Ans 1. (b); 2. (f); 3. (a); 4. (e); 5. (c); 6. (d)]

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F. DICTIONARY TASK
Refer to a dictionary. Find the meaning of the following words and write them down.
w
Ans 1. journey - The act of travelling from one place to another.

2. picnic - a trip or excursion to the country, seaside etc. on which people
bring food to be eaten in the open air.
w
3. pilgrimage - a religious journey.

4. tour - a journey for pleasure in which several places are visited.
5. vacation - holiday.
6. excursion - a short journey or trip.
81

LISTENING
G. Listen to the teacher reading the Weather forecast and complete the report.
Ans Name of the Cyclone is Gaja. It may affect the places North Tamil Nadu and
Puducherry. Heavy rains are expected on November 14th and 15th. It is 880 km
away from Nagapatinam.
om
SPEAKING
H. Your family has decided to go on a tour during the vacation. You are calling a
travel agency and seeking information regarding package, places of visit, cost etc.
.c
Work in pairs and role play as a receptionist and a customer.
Ans Receptionist : Good morning. This is Sai Dwaraka Mai Travel Agency. How can I
help you?
s
Customer : We would like to go to a tour to Shirdi temple. Can you give us the
Receptionist
ok
information regarding the package, places of visit and the cost for
it.
: Yes, Madam. We offer flight packages from Chennai to Shirdi at
affordable prices.
bo
Customer : Okay Sir, what are the places of visit over there?
Receptionist : We take you to places like Dwarkamai, Chavadi, Gurusthan, Sai
Museum, Maruthi temple and Nandadeep.
Customer : Okay fine. We would like to book tickets for the tour, as we would
a
like to go any day between 23rd November and 27th November.

What is the cost for four people?
ur
Receptionist : It costs Rs. 9,999/- per person. So the total amount for four people
would be Rs. 39,996/-.
Customer : Thank you Sir, I will get back to you immediately, after discussing
.s
with my family members.

Receptionist : Thank you for calling, Madam. Have a nice day.
w
GRAMMAR
I. Rewrite the story in the past tense.
w
Ans The boy chased a cat. The cat climbed

up the tree and purred from the
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branch of the tree. The cat jumped

to another tree. The boy who was
chasing the cat noticed a snake under
the tree. He left his attempt to catch
the cat and he ran home screaming
for help.
82

J. Look at the picture and complete the following.
This hotel is famous for Yes! It’s soft and
Journey by Train
masala idli. spongy.
om
Yummy...yummy! Mmm...They have added My sister also likes this
It’s delicious too. Kashmiri chilli and spices dish very much.
.c
too.
s
Ans
ok
Nila told Miruthula that that hotel was famous for masala idli. Miruthula said that
the idly was soft and spongy. Nila said that it was delicious too. She also said that
they had added Kashmiri chilli. Miruthula said that her sister also liked that dish
bo
very much.
WRITING
a
K. Your friend is coming to your city / town to spend a week with you. He /she wants
to visit some tourist places, and enjoy the special food items of the place. Prepare
ur
a two day itinerary for the visit.
Ans Mode of
Day Timing Stopover Activity
Transport
.s
8.00 am Market T. Nagar Go shopping for Auto

purchasing clothes / richshaw
curios
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Day 1 Sunday
9.00 am
Fab Hotel Blossom Breakfast Auto
10.00 am
Sri Balaji Temple Visit & do offerings Auto
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12 noon
Fab Hotel Blossom Rest Auto
8.00 am
Santhome Visit Auto
Cathedral
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9.00 am Kapaleeshwar Visit & do offerings Auto

Day 2 Monday Temple
10.00 am Arignar Anna Go sight seeing Auto
Zoological Park
1.00 am Back Home Lunch & Rest Auto
83
CREATIVE WRITING
L. You are waiting to board a train in a railway station. The train is delayed by an
hour. Write a paragraph about the crowded scene in the railway station based on
your observation.
om
vendors tea vendors shops families piles of luggage
porters trolley scroll board announcement ticket counter queue
s .c
Ans The Railway Station
ok
bo
I was waiting to board a train at a railway station. The train was delayed by an hour. A
lot of families were waiting eagerly for the announcement of the arrival of the train.
Some of the porters were carrying the luggage of the passengers. Piles of luggage were
seen all over. There were fruit vendors, tea vendors and other shops selling water, milk
a
and snacks. By the ticket counter, there was a queue, waiting to buy tickets. The scroll
board was displaying the necessary information for the passengers. The porters were
ur
also using trolleys to carry the luggage.
ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS
.s
I. Choose the correct Synonyms from the options below.

1. proceeded
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(a) stopped (b) halted (c) moved (d) passed [ Ans (c) moved]
2. fertile
(a) vast (b) productive (c) barren (d) incapable[ Ans (b) productive]
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3. territory
(a) barrier (b) border (c) limit (d) region [ Ans (d) region]
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4. gazing
(a) look steadily (b) looking away (c) scanning (d) blinking[ Ans (a) look steadily]
5. hasty
(a) slow (b) wise (c) quick (d) lazy [ Ans (c) quick]
6. curled
(a) straightened (b) erected (c) evened (d) twined [ Ans (d) twined]
84

7. obstacle
(a) assist (b) aid (c) support (d) difficulty [ Ans (d) difficulty]
8. halt
Journey by Train
(a) start (b) stop (c) go (d) continue [ Ans (b) stop]
9. foreseen
[ Ans (a) predicted]
om
(a) predicted (b) neglected (c) disregarded (d) failed
10. rapidly
(a) slowly (b) suddenly (c) quickly (d) easily [ Ans (c) quickly]
II. Choose the correct Antonyms from the options below.
.c
1. different
(a) same (b) unlike (c) dissimilar (d) contrast [ Ans (a) same]
2. punctually
s
(a) promptly (b) timely (c) regularly (d) early [ Ans (d) early]
3. straggling
(a) few
4. waking
(a) sleeping
(b) rare
(b) arousing
ok (c) abundant
(c) raising
(d) irregular [ Ans (c) abundant]
(d) getting up [ Ans (a) sleeping]

bo
5. abandoned
(a) deserted (b) forsakened (c) casted (d) inhabited [ Ans (d) inhabited]
6. skilled
a
(a) trained (b) qualified

(c) inexperienced (d) practised [ Ans (c) inexperienced]
ur
7. announced
(a) reported (b) declared (c) notified (d) suppressed
[ Ans (d) suppressed]
.s
8. snapped
(a) became happy (b) broke
(c) crackled (d) fractured [ Ans (a) became happy]
w
9. disadvantage
(a) effectiveness (b) unfavourable (c) drawback (d) advantage [ Ans (d) advantage]
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10. hesitation
(a) fluctuation (b) unwillingness (c) willingness (d) stutter [ Ans (c) willingness]
w
III. Choose the Correct Answer (MCQ).

1. The train had started ________.
(a) delayedly (b) punctually (c) late (d) after an hour
[ Ans (b) punctually]
2. An hour after leaving ______, the train had passed the bridges and the island of Salcette.
(a) Allahabad (b) Calcutta (c) Lucknow (d) Bombay [ Ans (d) Bombay]
85

3. At half-past _______, the train stopped at Burhampoor.
(a) ten (b) twelve (c) six (d) eight [ Ans (b) twelve]
4. The ________ at once stepped out.
(a) General (b) attendant
(c) club member (d) driver [ Ans (a) General]
om
5. Sir Francis was ________.
(a) happy (b) furious (c) cool (d) cheerful [ Ans (b) furious]
th
6. A steamer leaves Calcutta for _______ at noon on the 25 .
(a) Hongkong (b) Persia (c) Norway (d) Burhampoor
[ Ans (a) Hongkong]
.c
7. 'Good Heavens', what a price for an _______.
(a) eagle (b) ox (c) elephant (d) ostrich [ Ans (c) elephant]
8. The driver ______ himself on the elephant's neck.
s
(a) lost (b) perched (c) unsettled (d) lowered [ Ans (b) perched]
(a) averse
(a) lunch
(b) ugly
(b) dinner
ok
9. A young man, with an _______ face, offered his services as a guide.
(c) intelligent (d) inapt
10. The travellers made a hasty _______.
(c) moment
[ Ans (c) intelligent]
(d) breakfast [ Ans (d) breakfast]

bo
IV. Short Questions with Answers.
1. Who is the author of this novel 'Around the world in Eighty Days'?
a
Ans The author of this novel is Jules Verna.

2. Who were there among the passengers?
ur
Ans There were a number of officers, Government officials and merchants.

3. Who occupied a seat opposite to Mr. Fogg?
Ans Sir Francis Cromarty occupied a seat opposite to him.
.s
4. Who was Sir Francis?

Ans Sir Francis was one of the friends of Mr. Fogg.
w
5. Where did he meet him?

Ans He met him on the ship Mongolia that brought him to Bombay.
w
6. When will the steamer leave Calcutta for Hong Kong?

Ans The steamer would leave Calcutta for Hong Kong at noon on the 25th.
7. What was Mr. Fogg resolved to hire?
w
Ans He was resolved to hire an Indian elephant for his journey to Allahabad.
8. How much did Mr. Fogg offer to hire the elephant at first?
Ans He offered ten pounds per hour to hire the elephant.
9. Where did the train stop at half-past twelve?
Ans It stopped at Burhampoor at half-past twelve.
86

10. Which mountains separated the Khandesh from Bundelcund?
Ans The Sutpour mountains separated the Khandesh from Bundelcund.
V. Paragraph Questions with Answers.
Journey by Train
1. What did Passepartout see, when he was crossing India in a railway train?
Ans Passepartout on waking looked out. He could not believe that he was actually
om
crossing India. The locomotive, guided by an English engineer and fed with coal,
threw out its smoke upon cotton, coffee, nutmeg, clove and pepper plantations.
The steam curled in spirals around groups of palm-trees. In the midst of these
trees were attractive bungalows, viharas and marvellous temples, decorated by the
rich work of Indian architecture. There were vast areas extending to the horizon
with jungles and forests. There he saw snakes, tigers and elephants.
.c
2. Who served as a guide to Mr. Fogg and others? How did he manage to take all the
three to Allahabad?
Ans A young intelligent man offered his services as a guide. The elephant was led
s
out and equipped. The skilled driver covered the elephant's back with a sort of
saddle-cloth and attached to each of its side some uncomfortable howdahs. While
ok
Sir Francis and Mr. Fogg took the howdahs on either side, Passepartout got on to
the saddle-cloth between them. The driver positioned himself on the elephant's
neck and they set out from the village at nine o'clock by short cuts through the
dense forests of palms.
bo
GRAMMAR ADDITIONAL
REPORTED SPEECH
a
The actual words spoken by a person is Direct speech. They are enclosed within quotation
marks.
ur
When we later report this, making changes to the words the speaker originally said, it is
Reported Speech. (Indirect Speech)
Sentence Direct Speech Indirect Speech
.s
I want an ice cream Ram said to Rakesh, “I want Ram told Rakesh that he wanted
an ice cream.’’ an ice cream.
w
I am coming to My uncle said to me, “I am My uncle told me that he was

Chennai tomorrow. coming to Chennai tomorrow.” coming to Chennai the next day.
I want to become a doctor. Monica said, “I want to Monica said that she wanted to
w
become a doctor.” become a doctor.

The comic books are kept The librarian said, “The comic The librarian said that the comic
on the second shelf. books are kept on the second books were kept on the second
w
shelf.” shelf.
The monument is beautiful. Sidharthan said, “The Sidharthan said that the
monument is beautiful.” monument was beautiful.
87

I. Change into Indirect Speech.
1. He said, "I live in the city centre".
Ans He said that he lived in the city centre.
2. Radha said, "I am going out".
Ans Radha said that she was going out.
om
3. Ravi said, "I can swim".
Ans Ravi said that he could swim.
4. He said, "I arrived before you".
Ans He said that he had arrived before him.
5. My father said, "I will be in Pairs on Monday".
.c
Ans My father said that he would be in Paris on Monday.
s
Warm Up
ok
Work in pairs. Choose six items which are essential for a camp. Rank their priority
and justify your answer.
a bo
ur
.s
Ans 1. Torch Light 4.

Rope
Tent 5.
2. Hammer
w
Cell Phone 6.
3. Stove
These things are essential for a camp because without these things, we cannot enjoy
our camp. Camping is an amazing experience. So we should prepare ourselves
w
properly with the essential items taken along with us. This will avoid frustration and
stress.
w
•••
88
POEM
Poetic devices - A Glance
1. Simile : It is a comparison made between two objects of different kinds which have
om
some resemblance/ similarities. It is introduced by a word of comparison, such
as, ‘like’, ‘as’.
Example:
Where the wind’s like a whetted life .................... (Poem-1)
The wind is directly compared to whetted life, using the word like. So the figure
of speech is Simile.
.c
2. Metaphor : It is a figure of speech that makes an implicit, implied, or hidden comparison
between two things that are unrelated, but which share some common
characteristics.
s
Example:
And quiet sleep and a sweet dream when the long trick’s over. ............ (Poem-1)
ok
"When the long trick's over". The end of a long voyage is compared to the end
of a long life. It is an indirect comparison, without using a word "like" or "as".
So, it is Metaphor.
3. Alliteration : It is the repetition of identical initial consonant sounds at the beginning of
bo
two or more words in the same line.
Example:
.... to the lonely sea and the sky, .......(Poem-1)
sea - sky are the alliterated words.
4. Personification : Personification is a figure of speech in which a thing – an idea or an animal – is
a
given human attributes.

Example:
ur
And the wheel’s kick and the wind’s song and the white sail’s shaking, .......(Poem-1)
The wind, the wheel and the white sail are given the human qualities. So, the
figure of speech is Personification.
5. Imagery : The descriptions create a picture in the reader’s mind.
.s
Example:
And a grey mist on the sea’s face .................... (Poem-1)
This description creates a picture. So it is Imagery.
w
6. Rhyming : It is making the last words in the lines produce the same sound.
7. Rhyme scheme : A rhyme scheme is the pattern of rhymes at the end of each line of a poem or
song. It is usually referred to by using letters to indicate which lines rhyme;
w
lines designated with the same letter rhyme with each other.
Example:
Courage isn’t the last resort
w
In the work of life or the game of sport; .......... (Poem-2)

It isn’t a thing that a man can call
At some future time when he’s apt to fall;
Rhyming words: See the last word in each line. "resort-sport" and "call-fall".
Rhyme Scheme: a a b b (It is based on the Rhyming words).
89

POEM
Unit 1 Sea Fever
MIND MAP
om
SEA FEVER
The poet, John wants to go to the

A quiet sleep and a sweet dream
.c
seas again
Wants a merry yarn from a Wants a tall ship and a star to
s
laughing fellow-rover guide the ship
way
ok
Wants the gull's way and whale's Wants to listen to the wheel's
kick and the wind's song
bo
A grey mist on the sea's face and
Wants a vagrant gypsy life
a grey dawn breaking
a
Flung spray, blown spume and Call of the tide is a wild call
sea-gulls crying
ur
Asks for a windy day with clouds A clear call that cannot be
flying ignored
.s
Summary
w
In the poem 'Sea Fever', the poet, John Masefield expresses his desire for sailing once again in
the quiet sea, under the quiet sky. He expresses his desire for the need of a well-built ship to sail and
w
a star in the dark sky to act as a guide. Soon the adventures would begin and as each day dawns, he
wakes up to see the early grey mist rise from the sea. He wishes that there would be strong winds
that would blow away the thick white clouds in the sky and take sail forward throughout the day.
w
Watching from the shore, fills his heart with the adventure and spirit. The poet finally wishes to be
a wandering gypsy.
He loves to share the tales and laughter with a fellow sailor. He wanted to sleep soundly with
pleasant dreams at the end of his long shift on watch.
90
Sura’s ➠ VII Std 5 in 1 ➠ Term III - English - Poem
POEM OVERVIEW
Line
Poem Lines Explanation
Nos.
Sea Fever
I must go down to the seas again, to the The poet expresses his desire to go back
lonely sea and the sky, to the sea again. He feels an urgency in it.
om
1-2 He says that the lovely sea and sky create a
And all I ask is a tall ship and a star to vision of a wide horizon. He wishes for a
steer her by; tall ship and a star to act as a guide.
And the wheel’s kick and the wind’s
song and the white sail’s shaking, The adventure begins soon. As each day
3-4 dawns, he wakes up to see the early grey
.c
And a grey mist on the sea’s face, and a mist rise from the sea.
grey dawn breaking.
I must go down to the seas again, for
s
the call of the running tide The poet expresses his strong desire to get
5-6 back to the sea, as the call from the sea
Is a wild call and a clear call that may cannot be ignored or denied.
not be denied;
ok He wishes that there would be strong
And all I ask is a windy day with the winds that would blow away the thick
white clouds flying, white clouds in the sky and take the
bo
7-8 sail forward throughout the day.
And the flung spray and the blown He wishes to hear the sea-gulls watching
spume, and the sea-gulls crying. from the shore fills his heart with the
adventure and spirit.
a
I must go down to the seas again, to the He wanted to go down to the seas again like
vagrant gypsy life, a wandering gypsy. He wanted to be with
9 - 10
ur
To the gull’s way and the whale’s way the whales and sea-gulls where the wind is
where the wind’s like a whetted knife; very strong.
And all I ask is a merry yarn from a He loves to share the tales and laughter with
.s
laughing fellow-rover, a fellow sailor. He wanted to sleep soundly

11 - 12
And quiet sleep and a sweet dream with pleasant dreams at the end of his long
when the long trick’s over. shift on watch.
w
GLOSSARY
w
denied - refused
flung - threw
flurried - worried
w
mist - fog
rover - wanderer
spray - a mass of very small drops of liquid carried in air
spume - sea foam
Star to steer - the north star is the pole star which tells the sailor where North is and
thus they can steer the ship correctly
91

steer - guide
tide - the rising and falling of the sea
trick - a period of stay on the ship after the voyage
vagrant - wandering
whetted - sharpened
yarn - A long or rambling story especially one that is impossible
om
READ AND UNDERSTAND
B. Choose the best answer.
1. The title of the poem ‘Sea Fever’ means __________.
.c
(a) flu fever (b) the poet’s deep wish to be at sea
(c) the poet’s fear of the sea [ Ans (b) the poet's deep wish to be at sea]
2. The poet asks for __________.
s
(a) a fishing net (b) a big boat (c) a tall ship [ Ans (c) a tall ship]
(c) the pelicans and dolphins ok

3. The poet wants to lead a life at sea like __________.
(a) the gulls and whales (b) the penguins and sharks
[ Ans (a) the gulls and whales]
bo
C. Read the lines and answer the questions.
1. I must go down to the sea again, to the lonely sea and the sky
Where does the poet want to go?
Ans The poet wants to go to the sea again.
a
2. And the wheel’s kick and the winds song and the white sail’s shaking
What according to the poet are the pleasures of sailing?
ur
Ans Watching from the shore, the wind's song, the ship's steering wheel and the
shaking of the sail in the breeze are the pleasures of sailing.
3. And all I ask is a windy day with the white clouds flying
.s
Why does the poet ask for a windy day?

Ans The poet asks for a windy day, as it would blow away the thick white clouds from
the sky and take the sail forward throughout the day.
w
4. And all I ask is a merry yarn from a laughing fellow rover.

What kind of human company does the poet want?
Ans The poet wants the company of a fellow sailor or wanderer like him.
w
5.
And quiet sleep and a sweet dream when the long trick’s over
What does the poet want to do after his voyage is over?
w
Ans The poet wants to sleep soundly with pleasant dreams at the end of his long shift
on watch.
D. Poem Appreciation
1. Fill in the blanks with correct rhyming words from the poem.
Ans sky - by, knife - life, rover - over.
2. Quote the line that has been repeated in the poem.
Ans "I must go down to the seas again".
92
Sura’s ➠ VII Std 5 in 1 ➠ Term III - English - Poem

3. Write the poetic device which is used in the line below.
And a grey mist on the sea’s face ....................
Ans Imagery and personification.
4. What poetic device is used for the comparison in the below line?
Sea Fever
Where the wind’s like a whetted life ....................
Ans Simile.
om
E. The poem has many visual and sound images. Complete the table with examples
from the poem. The first one has been done for you.
Ans Visual images Sound images
.c
Wheel’s kick Wind’s song
white sail's shaking wild call
grey dawn clear call
s
running tide windy day
white clouds flying
blown spume
sea-gulls crying
ok
bo
ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS
I. Poem Comprehension:
a
1. And all I ask is a tall ship and a star to steer her by;
What does the word 'her' refer to?
ur
Ans 'Her' refers to the tall ship.
2. To the gull’s way and the whale’s way where the wind’s like a whetted knife;
.s
What is like a whetted knife?

The wind is strong like a whetted knife.
w
II. Poetic Devices :

1. I must go down to the seas again, to the lonely sea and the sky,
Pick out the alliterated words.
w
Ans sea - sky are the alliterated words.
2. And the wheel’s kick and the wind’s song and the white sail’s shaking,
w
What poetic device is used here?

Ans Personification : The wind, the wheel and the white sail are given the human
qualities.
3. And quiet sleep and a sweet dream when the long trick’s over.
Name the literary device used in this line.
Ans Metaphor : 'When the long trick's over'. This is comparing the end of a long
voyage to the end of a long life.
93

III. Short Questions and Answers.
1. Why does the poet ask for a star?
Ans The poet asks for a star to guide the tall ship.
2. According to the poet, how is the call of the running tide?

Ans The call of the running tide is wild and clear.
om
3. What does the word 'vagrant' mean?
Ans 'Vagrant' means wandering.
4. What does he want from a fellow-wanderer?

Ans He wants to share a happy tale and laughter with a fellow-wanderer.
.c
5. What does the word 'trick' in sailing terms refer to?
Ans It refers to 'a watch at sea'.
s
IV. Paragraph Question with Answer.
1.
ok
What message does the poet convey through the poem?
Ans John Masefield's poem 'Sea Fever' is a work of art that brings beauty to the English
language through its use of rhythm, imagery and many complex figures of speech.
The imagery in 'Sea Fever' suggests an adventurous ocean that appeals to all five
senses. Along with an adventurous ocean, 'Sea Fever' also sets a mood of freedom
bo
through the imagery of travelling gypsies. 'Sea Fever' not only depicts a strong
longing for the sea through its theme, but also through the use of complex figures
of speech.
Warm Up
a
Rescue the sinking words!

ur
.s
w
w
Ans Sailor
1. Voyage 5.
w
Waves 6.
2. Explore
Island 7.
3. Harbour
Navigate 8.
4. Shore
•••
94
om
7M« tF¥ò
.c
_‹wh«
s
gUt« ok
bo
fÂj«
a
ur
.s
w
w
w
169
om
s .c
fÂj«
ÓÅthr ïuhkhD#‹
ïaš 1
ïaš 2
ok
v©Âaš
rjåjK« jÅt£oí«
171 - 194
195 - 222
bo
ïaš 3 ïa‰fÂj« 223 - 242
ïaš 4 toÉaš 243 - 264
a
ïaš 5 òŸËÆaš 265 - 280

ïaš 6 jftš brayh¡f« 281 - 288
ur
RuhÉ‹ khâÇ _‹wh« gUt bghJ¤

bjhF¤j¿¤ nj®î Édh¤jhŸ 289 - 292
.s
w
w
w
170
1
ïaš
v©Âaš
om
.c
ït‰iw Kašf (g¡f« 1)
6. 0.567, 0.576 : ït‰¿š vJ bgÇa v©?
s
1
1. v‹w ã‹d¤ij¤ jrk v©zhf Ô®î
0.567 k‰W« 0.576 ït‰¿‹ ïy¡f§fis
4
Ô®î
2.
kh‰Wf.
1
4
=
1 ´ 25
4 ´ 25
=
25
100
= 0.25 ok ïlJ g¡f¤âÈUªJ x¥ãl g¤âš x‹wh«
ïy¡f« ïu©oY« 5 Mf cŸsJ. ü¿š
x‹wh« ïy¡f¤âid x¥ãl 7 > 6
vd¡»il¡»wJ.
bo
63.257 ïš 5 ï‹ ïlkâ¥ò v‹d? vdnt 0.576 > 0.567.
Ô®î
63.257 ïš 5 ï‹ ïlkâ¥ò ü¿š
x‹WfŸ. 7. 3.30, 3.03 ït‰iw x¥ãLf. nkY«
ït‰¿š á¿a v©iz¡ f©l¿f.
3. 75.036
a
ïš g¤jh« ïl¤âYŸs Ô®î

3.30 k‰W« 3.03 v‹w ïU jrk v©fËY«
ïy¡f¤âid¡ f©l¿f. KG v© rkkhf cŸsJ.
ur
Ô®î
75.036 ïš g¤jh« ïl¤âYŸs ïy¡f« g¤âš x‹wh« ïy¡f¤âid x¥ãl 0 < 3.
7. vdnt 3.03 < 3.30.
á¿a v© 3.03.
4. 3.75 v‹w jrk v©iz¥ ã‹dkhf
.s
kh‰Wf. 8. rÇahd F¿ÆLf. (<, >, =). 2.57

Ô®î 3.75 =
375 15
= 2.570
2.57 = 2.570.
w
100 4 Ô®î
1
5. 5 v‹w fy¥ò ã‹d¤ij¤ jrk 9. Ñœ¡fhQ« jrk v©fis
5
w
v©zhf vGJf. VWtÇirÆš vGJf.

5.14, 5.41, 1.54, 1.45, 4.15, 4.51.
1 26 26 ´ 2 52
Ô®î 5 = = = = 5.2 Ô®î
ju¥g£l v©fË‹ ïy¡f§fis ïlJ
5´2
w
5 5 10
g¡f¤âÈUªJ x¥ãl,
VWtÇir : 1.45, 1.54. 4.15, 4.51, 5.14,
5.41.
171
RuhÉ‹  fÂj«  7 M« tF¥ò - 5 in 1  _‹wh« gUt«
gÆ‰á 1.1
1. Ñœ¡fhQ« jrk v©fis mj‰F mU»yhd KG v©Â‰F KGjh¡Ff.
(i) 8.71 (ii) 26.01 (iii) 69.48 (iv) 103.72
(v) 49.84 (vi) 101.35 (vii) 39.814 (viii) 1.23
Ô®î (i) 8.71
om
8.71 ïš KGjh¡f¡Toa ïy¡f¤ij mo¡nfho£lhš eh« bgWtJ 8.71.
ïaš 1
mo¡nfho£l ïy¡f¤â‰F tyJòw« cŸs ïy¡f« 7.

mªj ïy¡fkhdJ 5 I Él mâf«.
Mfnt mo¡nfho£l ïy¡f« 8 cl‹ 1 I¡ T£l ek¡F¡ »il¥gJ 9.
vdnt 8.71 ï‰F mU»yhd KG v© 9 MF«.
.c
(ii) 26.01
26.01 ïš KGjh¡f¡Toa ïy¡f¤ij mo¡nfhol ⇒ 26.01.
s
mªj ïy¡fkhdJ 0 < 5.
Mfnt mo¡nfho£l ïy¡f« 6 Mfnt ïU¡F«.

(iii) 69.48 ok
vdnt 26.01 ï¡F mU»yhd KG v© 26 MF«.
69.48 ïš KGjh¡f¡Toa ïy¡f¤ij mo¡nfhol 69.48. mo¡nfho£l ïy¡f¤â‰F

tyJòw« cŸs ïy¡f« 4.
bo
ï§F 4 < 5.
(iv) 103.72
a
103.72 ïš KGjh¡f¡Toa ïy¡f¤âid mo¡nfhol 103.72.

mo¡nfho£l ïy¡f¤â‰F tyJòw« cŸs ïy¡f« 7, ï§F 7 > 5.
ur
vdnt mo¡nfho£l ïy¡f¤Jl‹ 1 I¡ T£l ek¡F »il¥gJ 104.

(v) 49.84
49.84 ïš KGjh¡f¡Toa ïy¡f¤âid mo¡nfhol ⇒ 49.84.
.s

ï§F 8 > 5.
vdnt mo¡nfho£l ïy¡f¤Jl‹ 1 I¡ T£l ek¡F¡ »il¥gJ 50.
w

(vi) 101.35
101.35 ïš KGjh¡f¡Toa ïy¡f¤âid mo¡nfhol ⇒ 101.35.
w

ï§F 3 < 5.
w
vdnt mo¡nfho£l ïy¡f« 1 Mfnt ïU¡F«.

(vii) 39.814
39.814 ïš KGjh¡f¡Toa ïy¡f¤âid mo¡nfhol eh« bgWtJ 39.814.
ï§F 8 > 5.
vdnt mo¡nfho£l ïy¡f¤Jl‹ 1 I¡ T£l ek¡F¡ »il¥gJ 40.
(viii) 1.23
1.23 ïš KGjh¡f¡Toa ïy¡f¤âid mo¡nfhol ek¡F »il¥gJ 1.23.
ï§F 2 < 5.
2.
om
Ñœ¡fhQ« jrk v©fis¡ bfhL¡f¥g£l ïl kâ¥ã‰F KGjh¡Ff.
(i) 5.992 ï¡F¥ g¤âš x‹wh« ïl«.
v©Âaš
(ii) 21.805 ï¡F ü¿š x‹wh« ïl«.
(iii) 35.0014 ï¡F MÆu¤âš x‹wh« ïl«.
Ô®î (i) 5.992 ïš KGjh¡f nt©oa ïy¡f¤âid mo¡nfhol eh« bgWtJ 5.992.
.c
mo¡nfho£l ïy¡f¤â‰F tyJòw« cŸs ïy¡f« 9 MF«.
ï§F 9 > 5.
vdnt g¤âš x‹wh« ïy¡f¤Jl‹ 1 I¡ T£l ek¡F¡ »il¥gJ 6.0 MF«.
s
vdnt 5.992 I g¤âš x‹wh« ïl¤â‰F KGjh¡f ek¡F¡ »il¥gJ 6 MF«.

ok
(ii) 21.805 ïš KGjh¡f nt©oa ïy¡f¤âid mo¡nfhol eh« bgWtJ 21.805.
mo¡nfho£l ïy¡f¤â‰F tyJòw« cŸs ïy¡f« 5 MF«.
vdnt ü¿š x‹wh« ïy¡f¤Jl‹ 1 I¡ T£l ek¡F¡ »il¡F« KGjh¡f¥g£l
v© 21.81 MF«.
bo
∴ 21.805 I ü¿š x‹wh« ïl¤â‰F KGjh¡f ek¡F¡ »il¥gJ 21.81 MF«.
(iii) 35.0014 ï› KGjh¡f nt©oa ïy¡f¤âid mo¡nfhol eh« bgWtJ 35.0014.
mo¡nfho£l ïy¡f¤â‰F tyJòw« cŸs ïy¡f« 4 MF«. 4 < 5
vdnt MÆu¤âš x‹wh« ïy¡fkhd 1 Mfnt ïU¡F«.
a
vdnt 35.0014 I MÆu¤âš x‹wh« ïy¡f¤â‰F KGjh¡f ek¡F¡ »il¥gJ 35.001

MF«.
ur
3. Ñœ¡fhQ« jrk v©fis xU jrk ïl¤âU¤jkhf kh‰Wf.

(i) 123.37 (ii) 19.99 (iii) 910.546
 1
.s
Ô®î (i) 123.37 ïš xU jrk ïl¤âU¤j« v‹gJ g¤âš x‹wh«   ïl¤âid¡ F¿¡»wJ.
 10 
g¤âš x‹wh« ïl¤âid mo¡nfhol 123.37 »il¡»wJ.
mo¡nfho£l ïl¤â‰F tyJòw« ïU¡F« kâ¥ò 7 MF«. ïJ 5 I Él mâf«.
w

vdnt mo¡nfho£l ïy¡f¤Jl‹ 1 I¡ T£l ek¡F »il¥gJ 123.4 MF«.
vdnt 123.37 ï‹ xU jrk ïl¤âU¤j« 123.4 MF«.
w
(ii) 19.99
 1
19.99 ïš xU jrk ïl¤âU¤j« v‹gJ g¤âš x‹wh«   ïl¤âid F¿¡»wJ.
 10 
w
g¤âš x‹wh« ïl¤âid mo¡nfhol 19.99 »il¡»wJ.

mo¡nfho£l ïl¤â‰F tyJòw« ïU¡F« kâ¥ò 9 MF«. 9 > 5
vdnt mo¡nfho£l ïy¡f¤Jl‹ 1 I¡ T£l ek¡F¡ »il¥gJ 20 MF«.
vdnt 19.99 ï‹ xU jrk ïl¤âU¤j« 20.0 MF«.
(iii) 910.546
 1
910.546 ïš xU jrk ïl¤âU¤j« v‹gJ g¤âš x‹wh« ïl¤âid¡   F¿¡»wJ.
 10 
orders@surabooks.com Ph: 9600175757 / 8124201000 173

g¤âš x‹wh« ïl¤âid   mo¡nfhol 910.546 »il¡»wJ.

1
 10 
mo¡nfho£l ïl¤â‰F tyJòw« ïU¡F« kâ¥ò 4 MF«. 4 < 5
∴ 910.546 ï‹ xU jrk ïl¤âU¤j« 910.5 MF«.
4. Ñœ¡fhQ« jrk v©fis ïU jrk ïl¤âU¤jkhf kh‰Wf.
om
(i) 87.755 (ii) 301.513 (iii) 79.997
ïaš 1
Ô®î (i) 87.755

 1 
87.755 ïš ïU jrk ïl¤âU¤j« v‹gJ ü¿š x‹wh« ïl¤âid¡  F¿¡»wJ.
 100 
ü¿š x‹wh« 
1 
ïl¤âid mo¡nfhol 87.755 »il¡»wJ.
.c
 100 
mo¡nfho£l ïl¤â‰F tyJòw« ïU¡F« kâ¥ò 5 MF«.
vdnt mo¡nfho£l ïy¡f¤Jl‹ 1 I¡ T£l ek¡F¡ »il¥gJ 87.76 MF«.
s
vdnt 87.755 ï‹ ïU jrk ïl¤âU¤j« 87.76 MF«.
(ii) 301.513
ü¿š x‹wh« ïl¤âid 

ok
301.513 ïš ïU jrk ïl¤âU¤j« v‹gJ ü¿š x‹wh« ïl¤âid¡ 
1 
 100 
mo¡nfhol 301.513 »il¡»wJ.
 1 
 100 
F¿¡F«.
bo
mo¡nfho£l ïl¤â‰F tyJòw« ïU¡F« kâ¥ò 3 MF«. ï§F 3 < 5.
vdnt mo¡nfho£l ïy¡f« 1 Mfnt ïU¡F«. Mfnt 301.513 ï‹ ïU jrk
ïl¤âU¤j« 301.51 MF«.
(iii) 79.997
a
 1 
79.997 ïš ïU jrk ïl¤âU¤j« v‹gJ ü¿š x‹wh« ïl¤âid¡  F¿¡»wJ.
 100 
ur

1 
 100 
mo¡nfho£l ïl¤â‰F tyJòw« ïU¡F« kâ¥ò 7 MF«. ï§F 7 > 5.
.s
vdnt mo¡nfho£l ïy¡f¤Jl‹ 1 I¡ T£l ek¡F¡ »il¥gJ 80.00.

Mfnt 79.977 ï‹ ïU jrk ïl¤âU¤j« 80.00 MF«.
5.
w
Ñœ¡fhQ« jrk v©fis _‹W jrk ïl¤âU¤jkhf kh‰Wf.

(i) 24.4003 (ii) 1251.2345 (iii) 61.00203
Ô®î (i) 24.4003
 1 
w
24.4003 ïš _‹W jrk ïl¤âU¤j« v‹gJ MÆu¤âš x‹wh« ïl¤âid¡ 

 1000 
F¿¡»wJ.
24.4003 ïš MÆu¤âš x‹wh« ïl¤âid mo¡nfhol 24.4003 »il¡»wJ.
w
mo¡nfho£l MÆu¤âš x‹wh« ïy¡f¤â‰F tyJòw« cŸs ïy¡f« 3 MF«. ïJ

5 I Él Fiwthd kâ¥ghF«.
vdnt 24.4003 ï‹ _‹W jrk ïl¤âU¤j v© 24.400 MF«.
(ii)
1251.2345 ïš _‹W jrk ïl¤âU¤j« v‹gJ MÆu¤âš x‹wh« ïl¤âid¡
 1 
  F¿¡»wJ.
1000 

mo¡nfho£l MÆu¤âš x‹wh« ïy¡f¤â‰F tyJòw« cŸs ïy¡f« 5 MF«.
vdnt mo¡nfho£l ïy¡f¤Jl‹ 1 I¡ T£l nt©L«. ïWâÆš ek¡F »il¡F«
_‹W jrk ïl¤âU¤j v© 1251.235 MF«.
(ii)
61.00203. ïš _‹W jrk ïl¤âU¤j« v‹gJ MÆu¤âš x‹wh« ïl¤âid¡
 1 
  F¿¡»wJ.
om
1000 
v©Âaš
mo¡nfho£l MÆu¤âš x‹wh« ïy¡f¤â‰F tyJòw« cŸs ïy¡f« 0 MF«.
ï§F 0 < 5.
vdnt mo¡nfho£l ïy¡f« 2 Mfnt ïU¡F«. ïWâÆš ek¡F¡ »il¡F« _‹W
.c
jrk ïl¤âU¤j v© 61.002 MF«.
TLjš Édh¡fŸ
s
1. bghU¤Jf.
1.
2.
3.
4.
39.814 ≈ 39.8
35.0014 ≈ 35.001
21.805  21.81
8.71 ≈ 9
ok
(i)
ü¿š x‹wh« ïl¤âU¤j«
(ii)
g¤jhÆu¤âš x‹wh« ïl¤âU¤j«
(iii)
KG v©Â‰F KGjh¡F
(iv)
MÆu¤âš x‹wh« ïl¤âU¤j«
bo
5. 61.00208 ≈ 61.0021 (v)
g¤âš x‹wh« ïl¤âU¤j«
[ Éil 1-(v); 2-(iv); 3-(i); 4-(iii); 5-(ii)]
2. 89.357 I mU»YŸs KG v©Â‰F KGjh¡Ff.
a
Ô®î 89.357 ïš KGjh¡f¡Toa ïy¡f¤ij mo¡nfhol 89.357 »il¡»wJ.

mo¡nfho£l ïy¡f¤â‰F tyJòw« cŸs ïy¡f« 3. ïªj ïy¡fkhdJ 5 I Él Fiwî.
Mfnt mo¡nfho£l ïy¡f« 9 Mfnt ïU¡F«. 89.357 ï¡F mU»yhd KG v© 89 MF«.
ur
3. 110.929 I¥ g¤âš x‹wh« ïl¤â‰F KGjh¡Ff.

Ô®î 110.929 ïš
KGjh¡f nt©oa ïy¡f¤âid mo¡nfhol 110.929 »il¡»wJ.
mo¡nfho£l ïy¡f¤â‰F tyJòw« cŸs ïy¡f« 2 MF«. ï§F 2 < 5.
.s

∴ 110.929 I¥ g¤âš x‹wh« ïl¤â‰F KGikah¡f 110.9 »il¡F«.
w
4. 87.777 I ïU jrk ïl¤âU¤jkhf kh‰Wf.

ïU jrk ïl¤âU¤j« v‹gJ ü¿š x‹wh« ïl¤âid¡ 
1 
Ô®î 87.777 ïš F¿¡»wJ.
 100 
w

1 
 100 
mo¡nfho£l ïl¤â‰F tyJòw« ïU¡F« kâ¥ò 7 MF«. ï§F 7 > 5.
w
vdnt mo¡nfho£l ïy¡f¤Jl‹ 1 I¡ T£l ek¡F¡ »il¥gJ 87.78 MF«.

Mfnt 87.777 ï‹ ïU jrk ïl¤âU¤j« 87.78 MF«.
jrk v©fŸ Ûjhd brašghLfŸ

 jrk ïy¡f§fË‹ tyJòwkhf¥ ó¢áa§fis¢ nr®¡f mªj v©Â‹ kâ¥ò khwhJ.
 jrk v©fË‹ jrk ïy¡f§fis¢ rk‹ brŒa¤ jrk ïy¡f§fË‹ ty¥òw¤â‹ ïWâÆš
ó¢áa§fis¢ nr®¡fyh« mšyJ Ú¡fyh«.

1. Ñœ¡f©lt‰¿id m£ltiz Kiw _y« f©l¿f.
(i) 0.83 + 0.04 (ii) 0.35 – 0.09
Ô®î (i) 0.83 + 0.04
83 4
ï§F 0.83 = k‰W« 0.04 =
om

100 100
ïaš 1
KjÈš 0.83 gFâiaí« ã‹d® 0.04 gFâiaí« ÃHÈl,

eh« bgWtJ 0.83 + 0.04 = 0.87 MF«.
(ii) 0.35 – 0.09
35 9
ï§F 0.35 = k‰W« 0.09 =
.c
100 100
9
0.35 gFâia KjÈš t©z« Ãu¥ã, ã‹ 0.09 gFâia mjhtJ

100
v‹w gFâia Ãu¥ãa gFâÆš FW¡F¡ nfhol nt©L«. FW¡F¡
s
nfholhj gFâna ÛjkhF«. mjhtJ 0.35 – 0.09 = 0.26.
1.
ït‰iw Kašf
ok
gu¥gsî Kiwia¥ ga‹gL¤â¡ Ñœ¡f©lt‰¿id¤ Ô®¡f.
(g¡f« 7)
bo
(i) 1.2 + 3.5 (ii) 3.5 – 2.3
Ô®î (i) 1.2 + 3.5
1.2
a
ur
3.5 4.7
ï§F 1.2 v‹gJ Úy t©zkhfî« 3.5 v‹gJ g¢ir t©khfî« F¿¥ãl¥g£LŸsJ.
vdnt 1.2 + 3.5 = 4.7 MF«.
.s
(ii) 3.5 − 2.3
jrk v© 3.5 v‹gJ 3 rJu§fisí« 5 br›tf¥ g£ilfisí« F¿¡»‹wJ. ït‰¿š

3 rJu§fËš 2 rJu§fisí« 5 br›tf¥ g£ilfËÈÈUªJ 3 br›tf¥ g£ilfisí«
nfho£l ãwF Ûj« ïU¥gJ 1.2 MF«.
w
vdnt 3.5 – 2.3 = 1.2 MF«.
ït‰iw Kašf
w
(g¡f« 9)
1. Ãuš, Ãiw k‰W« _iy É£l§fË‹ TLjš 1.5 vd tUkhW ÑnHíŸs kha¢rJu¤âid
Ãu¥òf.
0.8 0.6 Ô®î 0.8 0.1 0.6
0.5 0.3 0.5 0.7
0.4 0.4 0.9 0.2

gÆ‰á 1.2
1. m£ltiz Kiwia¥ ga‹gL¤â¡ T£Lf. 0.51 + 0.25
51 25
Ô®î ï§F 0.51 = k‰W« 0.25 =
100 100
KjÈš 0.51 gFâiaí« ã‹d® 0.25 gFâiaí« ÃHÈl eh« bgWtJ
om
0.51 + 0.25 = 0.76 MF«.
v©Âaš
2. ïlkâ¥ò m£ltizia¥ ga‹gL¤â¡ Ñœ¡f©lt‰iw¡ T£Lf.
(i) 25.8 + 18.53 (ii) 17.4 + 23.435
Ô®î (i) 25.8 + 18.53
.c
ïlk¿ªJ m£ltizia¥ ga‹gL¤j
jrk v© g¤JfŸ x‹WfŸ g¤âš x‹WfŸ ü¿š x‹WfŸ
s
25.8 2 5 8 0
18.53 1 8 5 3
44.33 4
vdnt 25.8 + 18.53 = 44.33.
(ii) 17.4 + 23.435
ok 4 3 3
ïlkâ¥ò m£ltizia¥ ga‹gL¤j

bo
g¤âš ü¿š MÆu¤âš
jrk v© g¤JfŸ x‹WfŸ
x‹WfŸ x‹WfŸ x‹WfŸ
17.4 1 7 4 0 0
a
23.435 2 3 4 3 5
40.835 4 0 8 3 5
ur
vdnt 17.4 + 23.435 = 40.835

3. m£ltiz Kiwia¥ ga‹gL¤â 0.46 – 0.13 ï‹ kâ¥ig¡ fh©f.
Ô®î 1
00 f£l§fŸ cŸs rJu¤ij¡ fUJnth«.
.s
mt‰WŸ 46 f£l§fis KjÈš ÃHÈLnth«.

ïJ 0.46 I¡ F¿¡»wJ.
ãwF ïªj 46 ÃHÈ£l f£l§fËš
w
13 f£l§fS¡F¡ FW¡F¡ nfhol nt©L«.

ïJ 0.46 ïÈUªJ 0.13 I¡ fÊ¥gij¡ F¿¡»wJ.
ÛjKŸs ÃHÈl¥g£l gFâna njitahd gFâahF«.
∴ 0.46 – 0.13 = 0.33 MF«.
w
4. ïlkâ¥ò m£ltizia¥ ga‹gL¤â¡ Ñœf©lt‰¿id fÊ¡f.

(i) 9.231 ïÈUªJ 6.567 (ii) 7 ïÈUªJ 3.235
w
Ô®î (i) ïlkâ¥ò m£ltizia¥ ga‹gL¤j

ü¿š MÆu¤âš
jrk v© x‹WfŸ g¤âš x‹WfŸ
x‹WfŸ x‹WfŸ
9.231 9 2 3 1
6.567 6 5 6 7
2.664 2 6 6 4
vdnt 9.231 – 6.567 = 2.664

(ii) ïlkâ¥ò m£ltizia¥ ga‹gL¤j
MÆu¤âš
jrk v© x‹WfŸ g¤âš x‹WfŸ ü¿š x‹WfŸ
x‹WfŸ
7.000 7 0 0 0
3.235 3 2 3 5
3.765 3 7 6 5
om
vdnt 7 – 3.235 = 3.765
5. RU¡Ff : 23.5 – 27.89 + 35.4 – 17.
ïaš 1
Ô®î 23.5– 27.89 + 35.4 – 17 = 14.01

23.50
(+) 35.40
.c
58.90
(–) 27.89
31.01
s
(–) 17.00
14.01

6. ok
vdnt 23.5 – 27.89 + 35.4 – 17 = 14.01.
Riykh‹ 3.350 ».» cUis¡»H§F, 2.250 ».» j¡fhË k‰W« bt§fha« th§F»wh®.
bkh¤j¥ bghU£fË‹ vil 10.250 ».» vÅš, bt§fha¤â‹ vil v›tsî?
Ô®î cUis¡»H§»‹ vil = 3.350 ».»
bo
j¡fhËÆ‹ vil = 2.250 ».»
cUis¡»H§F k‰W« j¡fhËÆ‹ vil = (3.350 + 2.250) ».»
= 5.600 ».»
bt§fha«, j¡fhË k‰W« cUis¡»H§»‹ bkh¤j vil = 10.250 ».»
a

cUis¡»H§F k‰W« j¡fhËÆ‹ vil = 5.600 ».»
∴ bt§fha¤â‹ vil = (10.250 – 5.600) ».»
ur

= 4.650 ».»
∴ Riykh‹ th§»a bt§fha¤â‹ vil = 4.650 ».»
7. 0.713 I¥ bgWtj‰F 7.1 ïÈUªJ v›tsit¡ fÊ¡f nt©L«?
.s
Ô®î
njitahd v©iz¥ bgw 7.1 ïÈUªJ 0.713 I¡ fÊ¡f nt©L« 7.100
vdnt 7.1 – 0.713 = 6.387. (–) 0.713
w
∴ fÊ¡fnt fÊ¡f nt©oa v© = 6.387. 6.387

8. 53.7 »nyhÛ£liu Él 35.6 ».Û v›tsî Fiwthf cŸsJ?
Ô®î
njitahd bjhifia¡ fhz 53.7 ».Û£lÇÈUªJ 35.6 ».Û fÊ¡f 53.7
w
nt©L«. (–) 35.6

53.7 – 35.6 = 18.1 ».Û. 18.1
vdnt 18.1 ».Û Fiwthf cŸsJ.
w
9. m»y‹ toÉaš bg£oia `25.75 ï¡F«, bg‹áiy `3.75 ï¡F«, ngdhit `17.90 ï¡F«
th§F»wh‹. fil¡fhuÇl« `50 I¡ bfhL¡»wh‹ vÅš, mt‹ âU«g¥ bgW« bjhif
v›tsî?
Ô®î toÉaš bg£oÆ‹ Éiy = ` 25.75 (+)
bg‹áš Éiy = ` 3.75
ngdhÉ‹ Éiy = ` 17.90
fil¡fhuU¡F¤ junt©oa bjhif = ` 47.40
fil¡fhuÇl« bfhL¤j bjhif = ` 50.00 (–)
fil¡fhuÇl« bfhL¡f nt©oa bjhif = ` 47.40
mt‹ âU«g¥ bgW« bjhif = ` 2.60
∴ âU«g¥ bgW« bjhif = ` 2.60
10. 3.8 br.Û g¡f msit¡ bfh©l rkg¡f K¡nfhz¤â‹ R‰wsit¡ fh©f.
Ô®î rkg¡f K¡nfhz¤â‹ g¡f« = 3.8 br.Û 3.8
om
rkg¡f K¡nfhz¤â‹ R‰wsî = (g¡f« + g¡f« + g¡f«) myFfŸ. (+) 3.8
= (3.8 + 3.8 + 3.8) br.Û
v©Âaš
(+) 3.8
= 11.4 br.Û.
11.4
∴ rkg¡f K¡nfhz¤â‹ R‰wsî = 11.4 br.Û
.c
bfhŸF¿ tif Édh¡fŸ
1. 1.0 + 0.83 = ?
s
(i) 0.17 (ii) 0.71 (iii) 1.83 (iv) 1.38 [ Éil (iii) 1.83]
2.
3.
7.0 – 2.83 = ?
(i) 3.47 (ii) 4.17
3.51 ïÈUªJ 1.35 I¡ fÊ¡f
ok (iii) 7.34 (iv) 4.73 [ Éil (ii) 4.17]
bo
(i) 6.21 (ii) 4.86 (iii) 8.64 (iv) 2.16[ Éil (iv) 2.16]
4. ïU jrk v©fË‹ TLjš 4.78 mt‰¿š xU jrk v© 3.21 vÅš k‰bwhU jrk v©___.
(i) 1.57 (ii) 1.75 (iii) 1.59 (iv) 1.58 [ Éil (i) 1.57]
a
5. ïU jrk v©fË‹ ntWghL 86.58 mt‰¿š X® v© 42.31 vÅš k‰bwhU jrk v© ___.
(i) 128.89 (ii) 128.69 (iii) 128.36 (iv) 128.39
ur
[ Éil (i) 128.89]
TLjš Édh¡fŸ
.s
1. êyh 2.083 ».» âuh£ir¥ gHK« 3.752 ».» MuŠR¥ gHK« th§F»wh® vÅš mtŸ
th§»a gH§fË‹ vil v›tsî?
w
Ô®î âuh£ir gH¤â‹ vil = 2.083 ».» 2.083

MuŠR¥ gH¤â‹ vil = 2.752 ».» (+) 2.752
∴ th§»a gH§fË‹ bkh¤j vil = (2.083 + 2.752) ».»
w

4.835
= 4.835 ».»
2. fâ® 8.72 ».» ïÅ¥ò« 7.302 ».» gU¥ò« th§F»wh®. mtUila igÆ‹ bfhŸssî
w
15 ».» k£Lnk vÅš igÆš tuhj bghUË‹ vil v‹d?

Ô®î ïÅ¥ã‹ vil = 8.72 ».» (+)
gU¥ã‹ vil = 7.302 ».»
bkh¤j vil = 16.022 ».» (–)
igÆ‹ bfhŸssî = 15.000 ».»
Ûâ bghU£fË‹ vil = 1.022 ».»

3. ïlkâ¥ò m£ltizia¥ ga‹gL¤â 7.357 k‰W« 13.92 I¡ T£Lf.
Ô®î ïlkâ¥ò m£ltizia¥ ga‹gL¤j.
g¤âš ü¿š MÆu¤âš
jrk v© g¤JfŸ x‹WfŸ
x‹WfŸ x‹WfŸ x‹WfŸ
7.357 0 7 3 5 7
13.92 1 3 9 2 0
om
21.277 2 1 2 7 7
ïaš 1
jrk v©fË‹ bgU¡fš

 U jrk v©fis¥ bgU¡F«nghJ »il¡F« bgU¡f‰gyÅš cŸs jrk ïy¡fkhdJ
ï
m›ÉU jrk v©fËYŸs jrk ïy¡f§fË‹ TLjY¡F¢ rk«.
 xU jrk v©iz 10, 100 k‰W« 1000 Mš bgU¡F«nghJ jrk¥ òŸËahJ 1 ï¡F
.c
mL¤JŸs ó¢áa§fË‹ v©Â¡if¡F V‰g tyJòwkhf efU«.
áªâ¡f
s
(g¡f« 13)
1. 2.1 × 3.2 k‰W« 21 × 32 I bgU¡f¡ »il¥gJ, xnu bgU¡f‰gydh? mšyJ

bt›ntwhditah?
Ô®î 2.1 × 3.2 = 6.72 k‰W« 21 × 32 = 672.
ok
ïu©oY« ïy¡f§fŸ rk«. Mdhš mt‰¿‹ ïlkâ¥òfŸ bt›ntwhdit.
∴ bgU¡f‰gy‹ bt›ntwhdit.
bo
1. m£ltiz Kiwia¥ ga‹gL¤â¥ bgU¡Ff. 0.3 × 0.6.
1 2 3 4 5 6
kŠrŸ
a
Ô®î
7 8 9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16 17 18
át¥ò
ur
MuŠR
.s

0 .3 I¡ F¿¥gj‰F 3 Ãiufis kŠrŸ t©z¤âY«, 0.6 I¡ F¿¥gj‰F 6 Ãušfis át¥ò
w
t©z¤âY« Ãu¥òf.
18 rJu§fËš ïU t©z§fS« fyªJ MuŠR Ãw¤ij F¿¡»‹wd.
w
18
ï§F bghJ¥gFâ = . vdnt 0.3 × 0.6 = 0.18.
100
2. gu¥gsî Kiwia¥ ga‹gL¤â¥ bgU¡Ff. 1.2 × 2.5
w
Ô®î
gl¤âš 2 KG¥gFâ + 9 g¤âš x‹WfŸ + 10 ü¿šx‹WfŸ cŸsd.

1.2 × 2.5 = 3.

235 235
2.35 × 10 = × 10 = = 23.5 7.63 × 10 = 76.3 63.237 × 10 = 632.37
100 10
235
2.35 × 100 = × 100 = 235 = 235.0 7.63 × 100 = 763 63.237 × 100 = 6323.7
om
100
235
2.35 × 1000 = × 1000 = 2350.0 7.63 × 1000 = 7630 63.237 × 1000 = 63237
v©Âaš
100
6 6 6
0.6 × 10 = × 10 = 6 0.6 × 100 = × 100 0.6 × 1000 = × 1000
.c
10 10 10
= 60 = 600
s
(i) 9.13 × 10
Ô®î (i)
9.13 × 10 = 91.3
(iii) 9.13 × 1000 = 9130.

ok
(ii) 9.13 × 100
(ii) 9.13 × 100 = 913
(ii) 9.13 × 1000
bo
ã‹tU« m£ltizia Ãu¥òf :
116 1 116
11.6 × 0.1 ´ 1.16
a
10 10 100
ur
116 1 116
11.6 × 0.01 ´ 0.116
10 100 1000
116 1 116
11.6 × 0.001 ´ 0.0116
.s
10 1000 10000
gÆ‰á 1.3
w
1. Ñœ¡f©lt‰¿š bgU¡f‰gyid¡ fh©f.

(i) 0.5 × 3 (ii) 3.75 × 6 (iii) 50.2 × 4
w
(iv) 0.03 × 9 (v) 453.03 × 7 (vi) 4 × 0.7

Ô®î (i) 0.5 × 3
5 × 3 = 15
w
∴ 0.5 × 3 = 1.5.
3.75 2 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«
(ii) 3.75 × 6
×6
375 × 6 = 2250
22.50← 2 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«
3.75 × 6 = 22.50
(iii) 50.2 × 4 50.2 ← 1 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«
502 × 4 = 2008 ×4
50.2 × 4 = 200.8 200.8 ← 1 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«

(vi) 0.03 × 9
3 × 9 = 27
0.03 × 9 = 0.27
(v) 453.03 × 7 453.03 ← 2 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«
45303 × 7 = 317121 ×7
453.03 × 7 = 3171.21 3171.21 ← 2 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«
om
(vi) 4 × 0.7
4 × 7 = 28
ïaš 1
4 × 0.7 = 2.8
2. mo¥g¡f« 6.8 br.Û k‰W« cau« 3.5 br.Û msîila ïizfu¤â‹ gu¥gsit¡ fh©f.
Ô®î ïizfu¤â‹ mo¥g¡f« b = 6.8 br.Û
.c
6.8 ← 1 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«
ïizfu¤â‹ cau« h = 3.5 br.Û × 3.5 ← 1 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«
ïizfu¤â‹ gu¥gsî A = b × h r.myFfŸ 340
2040
s
2
= 6.8 × 3.5 br.Û
= 23.80 br.Û2 23.80 ← 2 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«

3.
∴ ïizfu¤â‹ gu¥gsî = 23.80 br.Û .
ok 2
Ús« 23.7 br.Û k‰W« mfy« 15.2 br.Û msîila br›tf¤â‹ gu¥gsit¡ fh©f.
Ô®î br›tf¤â‹ Ús« l = 23.7 br.Û 23.7 ← 1 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«
bo
br›tf¤â‹ mfy« b = 15.2 br.Û × 15.2 ← 1 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«
br›tf¤â‹ gu¥gsî A = l × b r.m 474
= 23.7 × 15.2 br.Û2 11850

= 360.24 br.Û 2 23700
a
360.24 ← 2 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«

br›tf¤â‹ gu¥gsî = 360.24 br.Û2.
ur
4. Ñœ¡f©lt‰iw¥ bgU¡Ff.
(i) 2.57 × 10 (ii) 0.51 × 10 (iii) 125.367 × 100 (iv) 34.51 × 100
(v) 62.735 × 100 (vi) 0.7 × 10 (vii) 0.03 × 100 (viii) 0.4 × 1000
.s
Ô®î (i) 2.57×10 = 25.7

(ii) 0.51×10 = 5.1
(iii) 125.367 ×100 = 12536.7
w
(iv) 34.51×100 = 3451

(v) 62.735 ×100 = 6273.5
(vi) 0.7 ×10 = 7.0
w
(vii) 0.03 ×100 = 3

(viii) 0.4 ×1000 = 400
w
5. xU FHªijÆ‹ Äât©o¢ r¡fukhdJ xU KG¢R‰W¡F 49.7 br.Û öu¤ij¡

fl¡»wJ vÅš, 10 KG¢ R‰W¡F mJ fl¡F« öu¤ij¡ f©l¿f.
Ô®î xU KG¢R‰¿š fl¡F« öu« = 49.7 br.Û
∴10 R‰WfË‹ fl¡F« öu« = 49.7 × 10
= 497 br.Û.
10 R‰WfËš r¡fukhdJ 497 br.Û öu¤ij¡ fl¡F«.

6. xU tiugl¤jhË‹ Éiy `1.50 MF«. uhjh xU brUnfL jahÇ¡f 20 tiugl¤
jhŸfis th§F»wh‹ vÅš, mt‹ brY¤j nt©oa¤ bjhifahdJ v›tsî?
Ô®î 1 tiugl¤jhË‹ Éiy = ` 1.50
20 tiugl¤jhŸfË‹ Éiy = ` 1.50 × 20 1.50
× 20
= ` 30.00
30.00
uhjh brY¤j nt©oa bjhif = ` 30
om
7. Ñœ¡f©lt‰¿š bgU¡f‰gyid¡ fh©f.
(i) 3.6 × 0.3 (ii) 52.3 × 0.1 (iii) 537.4 × 0.2
v©Âaš
(iv) 0.6 × 0.06 (v) 62.2 × 0.23 (vi) 1.02 × 0.05
(vii) 10.05 × 1.05 (viii) 101.01 × 0.01 (ix) 100.01 × 1.1
Ô®î (i) 3.6 × 0.3
.c
36 × 3 = 108 ×0.3 ← 1 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«
3.6 × 0.3 = 1.08 1.08 ← 2 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«
(ii) 52.3 × 0.1
s
523 × 1 = 523
52.3 × 0.1 = 5.23
(iii) 537.4 × 0.2

5374 × 2 = 10748
537.4 × 0.2 = 107.48
(iv) 0.6 × 0.06
ok 537.4 ← 1 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«
× 0.2 ← 1 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«
107.48 ← 2 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«
bo
6 × 6 = 36
0.6 × 0.06 = 0.036 62.2 ←1 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«
(v) 62.2 × 0.23 × 0.23 ←2 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«
622 × 23 = 14306 1866
a
62.2 × 0.23 = 14.306 12440

(vi) 1.02 × 0.05 14.306 ←3 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«
102 × 5 = 510
ur
1.02 × 0.05 = 0.0510

(vii) 10.05 × 1.05 10.05 2 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«
1005 × 105 = 105525 × 1.05 2 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«
.s
10.05 × 1.05 = 10.5525 5025

(viii) 101.01 × 0.01 00000
10101 × 1 = 10101 100500
w
101.01 × 0.01 = 1.0101 10.5525 4 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«

(ix) 100.01 × 1.1
10001 × 11 = 110011
w
100.01 × 1.1 = 110.011

w
8. 1.07 × 0.1 = _______.

(i) 1.070 (ii) 0.107 (iii) 10.70 (iv) 11.07 [ Éil (ii) 0.107]
F¿¥ò :
107 1 107
1.07 × 0.1 = × = = 0.107
100 10 1000

9. 2.08 × 10 = ________.
(i) 20.8 (ii) 208.0 (iii) 0.208 (iv) 280.0 [ Éil (i) 20.8]
F¿¥ò :
208 208
1.07 × 0.1 = × 10 = = 20.8
10 0 10
10. xU jtis xU FâÆš 5.3 br.Û öu« jhî»wJ vÅš, 10 Kiw m›thW Fâ¤J mªj¤
om
jtis flªj bjhiyî ______.
ïaš 1
(i) 0.53 br.Û (ii) 530 br.Û (iii) 53.0 br.Û (iv) 53.5 br.Û
[ Éil (iii) 53.0 br.Û]
F¿¥ò :
.c
53
5.3 × 10 = × 10 = 53
10
s
TLjš Édh¡fŸ
1.

= ` 6.75 ok
1 Û JÂÆ‹ Éiy `6.75 vÅš 14.75 Û£l® JÂ th§f v›tsî brythF«?
Ô®î 1 Û JÂÆ‹ Éiy
∴ 14.75 Û JÂÆ‹ Éiy = 14.75 × 6.75
= ` 99.5625
×
14.75
6.75
7375
←
2 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«
2 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«
bo
= ` 99.56 103250
885000
∴ 14.75 Û JÂ th§f %. 99.56 brythF«.
99.5625 ← 4 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«
2.
xU rJu¤â‹ xU g¡f msî 18.35 br.Û mj‹ gu¥gsî fh©f.
a
Ô®î rJu¤â‹
g¡f msî = 18.35 br.Û 18.35 2 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«
rJu¤â‹ gu¥gsî = g¡f« × g¡f« r.myFfŸ × 18.35 2 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«
ur

= 18.35 × 18.35 br.Û2 9175
= 336.7225 br.Û .2 55050
1835000
.s
336.7225 4 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«
jrk v©fis tF¤jš

w
 xU jrk v©iz 10, 100 k‰W« 1000 Mš tF¡F« nghJ »il¡F« <Éš jrk¥ òŸËahdJ
1 ï¡F mL¤JŸs ó¢áa¤âš v©Âif¡F V‰g ïlJòwkhf efU«.
w

w
36.7 ÷ 10 = 3.67 436.7 ÷ 10 = 43.67 2.3 ÷ 10 = 0.23 27.17 ÷ 10 = 2.717
36.7 ÷ 100 = 0.367 436.7 ÷ 100 = 4.367 2.3 ÷ 100 = 0.023 27.17 ÷ 10 = 2.717
27.17 ÷ 1000
36.7 ÷ 1000 = 0.0367 436.7 ÷ 1000 = 0.4367 2.3 ÷ 1000 = 0.0023
= 0.02717

Ñœ¡f©lt‰iw tF¡f.
(i) 17.237 ÷ 10 (ii) 17.237 ÷ 100 (iii) 17.237 ÷ 1000
17237 1 17237
Ô®î (i) 17.237 ÷ 10 = × = = 1.7237
1000 10 10000
om
17237 1 17237
(ii) 17.237 ÷ 100 = × = = 0.17237
1000 100 100000
v©Âaš
17237 1 17237
(iii) 17.237 ÷1000 = × = = 0.017237.
1000 1000 1000000
ït‰iw Kašf
.c
(g¡f« 20)
Ñœ¡f©lt‰¿‹ kâ¥ig¡ fh©f.
(i) 46.2 ÷ 3 = ? (ii) 71.6 ÷ 4 = ? (iii) 23.24 ÷ 2 = ?
s
(iv) 127.35 ÷ 9 = ? (v) 47.201 ÷ 7 = ?
Ô®î (i) 46.2 ÷ 3
(ii) 71.6 ÷ 4
=
=
462 1
´ =
10 3 10
716 1
´
10 4
ok
=
1 462
1
10
´
×
3
716
4
=
10
=
1
1
10
× 154 =
154
10
× 179 = 17.9
= 15.4
bo
2324 1 2324 1 1 1162
(iii) 23.24 ÷ 2 = ´ = × = 1162 × = = 11.62
100 2 2 100 100 100
12735 1 12735 1 1 1415
(iv) 127.35 ÷ 9 = ´ = ´ = 1415 × = = 14.15
100 9 9 100 100 100
a
47201 1 47201 1 1 6743

(v) 47.201 ÷ 7 = ´ = × = 6743 × = = 6.743.
ur
1000 7 7 1000 1000 1000

Ñœ¡f©lt‰iw tF¡fî«.
.s
9.25 8.6 44.1 9.6

(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
0.25 4.3 0.21 1.2
w
æ 925 ö
çè ÷
9.25 100 ø 925 100
´
925
Ô®î (i) = = = = 37
0.25 æ 25 ö 100 25 25
çè ÷
w
100 ø
æ 86 ö
8.6 çè ÷ø 86 10 86
10
w
(ii) = = ´ = =2
4.3 æ 43 ö 10 43 43
çè ÷ø
10
æ 441ö æ 96 ö
çè ÷ çè ÷ø
44.1 10 ø 441 100 9.6 10 96 10
´
(iii) = = ´ = 21 × 10 = 210 (iv) = = = 8.
0.21 æ 21 ö 10 21 1.2 æ 12 ö 10 12
çè ÷ çè ÷ø
100 ø 10

áªâ¡f (g¡f« 22)

1. 30 kh¤âiufŸ bfh©l xU kh¤âiu m£ilÆ‹ Éiy `62.63 vÅš, xU
kh¤âiuÆ‹ Éiyia¡ fh©f.
6263
Ô®î 30 kh¤âiuÆ‹ Éiy = `62.63 = ` 2087.66
)
om
100 3 6263
 6263  6
ïaš 1
 
100  6263 1
× 6263
∴ ∴ 1 kh¤âiuÆ‹ Éiy = = = 026
30 100 30 100 × 3 × 10 24
6263 2087.66
= = 23
.c
1000 × 3 1000
21
= 2.08766 = 2.09 %ghŒ.
20
∴ x›bthU kh¤âiuÆ‹ Éiy = `2.09.
s
18
1. RU¡Ff.
(i) 0.6 ÷ 3
ok
(ii) 0.90 ÷ 5
gÆ‰á 1.4
(iii) 4.08 ÷ 4 (iv) 21.56 ÷ 7

bo
(v) 0.564 ÷ 6 (vi) 41.36 ÷ 4 (vii) 298.2 ÷ 3
6 1 6 1 1 2
Ô®î (i) 0.6 ÷ 3 = ´ = ´ =2× = = 0.2
10 3 3 10 10 10
90 1 90 1 1 18
a
(ii) 0.90 ÷ 5 = ´ = ´ = 18 × = = 0.18

100 5 5 100 100 100
ur
408 1 408 1 1 102

(iii) 4.08 ÷ 4 = ´ = ´ = 102 × = = 1.02
100 4 4 100 100 100
2156 1 2156 1 1 308
(iv) 21.56 ÷ 7 = ´ = ´ = 308 × = = 3.08
.s
100 7 7 100 100 100

564 1 564 1 94
(v) 0.564 ÷ 6 = ´ = ´ = = 0.094
1000 6 6 1000 1000
w
4136 1 4136 1 1034

(vi) 41.36 ÷ 4 = ´ = ´ = = 10.34
100 4 4 100 100
w
2982 1 2982 1 994

(vii) 298.2 ÷ 3 = ´ = ´ = = 99.4.
10 3 3 10 10
2.
w
kâ¥ò fh©f.
(i) 5.7 ÷ 10 (ii) 93.7 ÷ 10 (iii) 0.9 ÷ 10 (iv) 301.301 ÷ 10
(v) 0.83 ÷ 10 (vi) 0.062 ÷ 10
57 1 57
Ô®î (i) 5.7 ÷ 10 = × = = 0.57
10 10 100
937 1 937
(ii) 93.7 ÷ 10 = × = = 9.37
10 10 100

9 1 9
(iii) 0.9 ÷ 10 = × = = 0.09
10 10 100
301301 1 301301
(iv) 301.301 ÷ 10 = × = = 30.1301
1000 10 10000
83 1 83
(v) 0.83 ÷ 10 = × = = 0.083
om
100 10 1000
62 1 62
(vi) 0.062 ÷ 10 = × = = 0.0062
v©Âaš
1000 10 10000
3. kâ¥ò fh©f.
(i) 0.7 ÷ 100 (ii) 3.8 ÷ 100 (iii) 49.3 ÷ 100 (iv) 463.85 ÷ 100
.c
(v) 0.3 ÷ 100 (vi) 27.4 ÷ 100
7 1 7
Ô®î (i) 0.7 ÷ 100 = × = = 0.007
10 100 1000
s
38 1 38
(ii) 3.8 ÷ 100 = × = = 0.038

(iii) 49.3 ÷ 100 =
(iv) 463.85 ÷ 100 =

493
10
46385
× ok
10 100 1000
1
=
100 1000
×
1
=
493
= 0.493
46385
= 4.6385
bo
100 100 10000
3 1 3
(v) 0.3 ÷ 1000 = × = = 0.0003
10 1000 10000
a
274 1 274
(vi) 27.4 ÷ 100 = × = = 0.274.
10 100 1000
4.
ur
kâ¥ò fh©f.
(i) 18.9 ÷ 1000 (ii) 0.87 ÷ 1000 (iii) 49.3 ÷ 1000 (iv) 0.3 ÷ 1000
(v) 382.4 ÷ 1000 (vi) 93.8 ÷ 1000
.s
189 1 189
Ô®î (i) 18.9 ÷ 1000 = × = = 0.0189
10 1000 10000
87 1 87
w
(ii) 0.87 ÷ 1000 = × = = 0.00087

100 1000 100000
493 1 493
(iii) 49.3 ÷ 1000 = × = = 0.0493
w
10 1000 10000
3 1 3
(iv) 0.3 ÷ 1000 = × = = 0.0003
w
10 1000 10000
3824 1 3824
(v) 382.4 ÷ 1000 = × = = 0.3824
10 1000 10000
938 1 938
(vi) 93.8 ÷ 1000 = × = = 0.0938.
10 1000 10000

5. kâ¥ò fh©f.
(i) 19.2 ÷ 2.4 (ii) 4.95 ÷ 0.5 (iii) 19.11 ÷ 1.3 (iv) 0.399 ÷ 2.1
(v) 5.4 ÷ 0.6 (vi) 2.197 ÷ 1.3
æ 192 ö
çè ÷
10 ø 192 10 192
Ô®î (i) 19.2 ÷ 2.4 = = ´ = =8
æ 24 ö
om
10 24 24
çè ÷ø
10
ïaš 1
æ 495 ö
çè ÷
100 ø 495 10
´
495 10 1 99
(ii) 4.95 ÷ 0.5 = = = × = 99 × = = 9.9
æ 5ö 100 5 5 100 10 10
çè ÷ø
.c
10
 1911
 
100  1911 10 1911 10 1 147
(iii) 19.11 ÷ 1.3 = = ´ = × = 147 × = = 14.7
s
 13  100 13 13 100 10 10
 
10
(iv) 0.399 ÷ 2.1 =

æ 399 ö
çè
21
10
÷
1000 ø
=
399 10
´
1000 21
ok
=
399 10
´
21 1000

)
19
21 399
21
bo
189
1 19
= 19 × = = 0.19 189
100 100
0
æ 54 ö
çè ÷ø
a
10 54 10 54 169
(v) 5.4 ÷ 0.6 = = ´ = = 9 )
13 2197
æ 6ö 10 6 6
çè ÷ø 13
ur
10 89
æ 2197 ö 78
çè ÷
1000 ø 2197 10
´
1 169 117
(vi) 2.197 ÷ 1.3 = = = 169 × = = 1.69.
.s
æ 13 ö 1000 13 100 100 117

çè ÷ø 0
10
6. 9.55 ».» vilíŸs ïÅ¥òfis IªJ FHªijfS¡F¢ rkkhf¥ g§»£lhš, x›bthU
w
FHªij¡F« v›tsî ïÅ¥ò »il¡F«?

Ô®î ïÅ¥òfË‹ bkh¤j vil = 9.55 ».»
w
955
5 FHªijfS¡fhd ïÅ¥òfË‹ bkh¤j vil = ».»
100
æ 955 ö
çè ÷
w
100 ø 955 1 955 1

∴ 1 FHªij¡fhd ïÅ¥ã‹ vil = = × = ´
5 100 5 5 100
191
= = 1.91 ».».
100
7. xU t©oahdJ 1.2 È£l® bg£nuhÈš 76.8 ».Û öu¤ij¡ fl¡»wJ vÅš, xU È£l®
bg£nuhÈš mJ fl¡F« bjhiyî v›tsî?
768
Ô®î
1.2 È£l® bg£nuhÈš t©o fl¡F« öu« = 76.8 ».Û = ».Û
10
æ 768 ö æ 768 ö
çè ÷ çè ÷
10 ø 10 ø 768 10 768
∴ 1 È£l® bg£nuhÈš t©o fl¡F« öu« = = = ´ = = 64
1.2 æ 12 ö 10 12 12
ç ÷
∴1 È£l® bg£nuhÈš t©o fl¡F« öu« = 64 ».Û. è 10 ø
8. xU rJu mo `15.50 åj« xU Ãy¤ij¢ rk‹gL¤J« MF« bryî `10,075 vÅš,
om
Ãy¤â‹ gu¥gsit¡ fh©f.
Ô®î
xU rJu mo Ãy« rk‹gL¤j MF« bryî = `15.50
v©Âaš
KG gu¥gsî Ãy« rk‹gL¤j MF« bryî = `10,075
KG Ãy« rk‹ brŒa MF« bryî
∴ Ãy¤â‹ gu¥gsî =
1 r.mo Ãy« rk‹ brŒa MF« bryî
.c
10075 100
× =
15.50 100
10075 ´ 100 1007500
s
650
= = 20150
15.50 ´ 100 1550 100750

=
100750
155
= 650
∴ Ãy¤â‹ gu¥gsî = 650 rJu mo.

ok 155 31
1
bo
9. 28 ò¤jf¤â‹ Éiy `1506.4 vÅš, xU ò¤jf¤â‹ Éiy v›tsî?
Ô®î 28 ò¤jf§fË‹ Éiy = ` 1506.4 538
3766
15064 15064
a
1506.4 15064 1 28 7
∴ 1 ò¤jf¤â‹ Éiy = = 10 = ´ 1
28 28 10 28
ur
15064 1 1 1 538
= ´ = 538 × = = `53.80
28 10 10 10
∴ 1 ò¤jf¤â‹ Éiy = `53.80.
.s
10. ïU v©fË‹ bgU¡F¤ bjhif 40.376, xU v© 14.42 vÅš, k‰bwhU v©iz¡

fh©f.
28
Ô®î ïU v©fË‹ bgU¡F¤ bjhif = 40.376
w
2884
mt‰¿š xU v© = 14.42 20188
40376
w
40.376 40.376 1000 1442

k‰bwhU v© = = × 721
14.42 14.42 1000 103
40376 1 1 1
= × = 28 × = 2.8
w
1442 10 10
∴ k‰bwhU v© = 2.8.

11. 5.6 ÷ 0.5 = ?
(i) 11.4 (ii) 10.4 (iii) 0.14 (iv) 11.2 [ Éil (iv) 11.2]
F¿¥ò :
56
5.6 10 56 10 56
5.6 ÷ 0.5 = = = × =
0.5 5 10 5 5
10

12. 2.01 ÷ 0.03 = ?
om
(i) 6.7 (ii) 67.0 (iii) 0.67 (iv) 0.067 [ Éil (ii) 67.0]
ïaš 1
F¿¥ò :
201
2.01 100 201 100 201
2.01 ÷ 0.03 = = = × = = 67
.c
0.03 3 100 3 3
100

s
13. 0.05 ÷ 0.5 = ?
(i) 0.01 (ii) 0.1 (iii) 0.10 (iv) 1.0 [ Éil (ii) 0.1]
F¿¥ò :
0.05 ÷ 0.5 =
0.05
0.5
=
5 10
×
100 5
=
10ok
=
100 10
1
= 0.1

bo
TLjš Édh¡fŸ
1. 363.987 Û ÚsKŸs fÆwhdJ 30 rk ÚsKŸs J©Lfshf bt£l¥gL»wJ vÅš
a
x›bthU J©L fÆ¿‹ Ús« v‹d?

Ô®î fÆ¿‹ Ús« = 363.987 Û
ur
363987
∴ 30 áW J©Lfshf bt£l¥gL« fÆ¿‹ bkh¤j Ús« = Û
1000
æ 363987 ö
çè ÷
.s
1000 ø 363987 1
∴ 1 J©L fÆ¿‹ Ús« = = ´
30 1000 30
363987 1
w
= ×
30 1000
1
= 12132.9 ×
w
1000
∴ 1 J©L fÆ¿‹ Ús« = 12.1329 Û.
2. 50 ».» vilíŸs xU ïÅ¥ò jahÇ¡f 23.4 ».» btšy« njit¥gL»wJ, vÅš 1 ».»
w
btšy¤ij¡ bfh©L jahÇ¡f¥gL« ïÅ¥ã‹ vil v‹d?

Ô®î 23.4 ».» btšy« ga‹gL¤â brŒí« ïÅ¥ã‹ vil = 50 ».»
50 50 10
∴ 1 ».» btšy« ga‹gL¤â brŒí« ïÅ¥ò = = ´
23.4 23.4 10
500
= = 2.1367 ».»
234
∴ 1 ».» btšy¤jhš brŒí« ïÅ¥ã‹ vil = 2.1367 ».».
3. 20 bg‹ášfis¡ bfh©l 1 f£o‹ Éiy `94.4 vÅš 1 bg‹áš Éiy v‹d?
Ô®î 20 bg‹áš Éiy = `94.4
944
1 bg‹áš Éiy =
94.4
= 10 = 944 ´ 1 = 944 × 1 = 944 × 1
20 20 10 20 10 2 × 10 2 100
1
1 472
om
= 472 × = = 4.72.
100 100
∴ 1 bg‹áš Éiy = `4.72.
v©Âaš
gÆ‰á 1.5
.c
gytif¤ âwd¿ gÆ‰á¡ fz¡FfŸ
1.
s
khÈÅ 13.92 Û, 11.5 Û k‰W« 10.64 Û msîila _‹W Ç¥g‹fis th§»dhŸ vÅš,
Ç¥gÅ‹ bkh¤j Ús¤ij¡ fh©f.
Ô®î

ok
Kjš Ç¥gÅ‹ Ús« = 13.92 Û
ïu©lhtJ Ç¥gÅ‹ Ús« = 11.5 Û
_‹whtJ Ç¥gÅ‹ Ús« = 10.64 Û
∴ _‹W Ç¥g‹fË‹ bkh¤j Ús« = 13.92 Û + 11.5 Û + 10.64 Û
= 36.06 Û
13.92
+ 11.50
10.64
36.06
bo
∴ Ç¥gÅ‹ bkh¤j Ús« = 36.06 Û
2. á¤uh ïÅ¥ò jahÇ¡f 10 ».» 35 » beŒ th§F»wh®. mâš 8 ».» 59 » beŒia¥
ga‹gL¤J»wh® vÅš, ÛjKŸs beŒÆ‹ msit¡ fh©f.
a
Ô®î á¤uh th§»a beŒÆ‹ msî = 10 ».» 35 » 10.35

á¤uh ga‹gL¤âa beŒÆ‹ msî = 8 ».» 59 » – 8.59
ur
1.76
∴ ÛjKŸs beŒÆ‹ msî = 10.35 ».» – 8.59 ».» = 1.7 ».».
3. xU ghš F¥ãÆ‹ bfhŸssî 2.53 È vÅš, mnjngh‹w 8 F¥ãfËš Ãu¥g v›tsî ghš
njit¥gL«?
.s
Ô®î
1 ghš F¥ãÆš Ãu¥ò« ghÈ‹ msî = 2.53 È 2.53
∴ 8 F¥ãÆš Ãu¥ò« ghÈ‹ msî = 2.53 È × 8 × 8
= 20.24 È 20.24
w

∴ 8 F¥ãÆš Ãu¥g 20.24 È ghš njit¥gL«.
4. xU Til MuŠá‹ vil 22.5 ».» xU FL«g¤â‰F¤ njit¥gL« MuŠá‹ vil
w
2.5 ».» vÅš, mjid v¤jid FL«g§fS¡F¢ rkkhf¥ g§»l Koí«?

Ô®î TilÆYŸs MuŠá‹ vil = 22.5 ».»
1 FL«g¤â‰F njit¥gL« MuŠá‹ vil = 2.5 ».»
w

rk msÉš MuŠR bgW« FL«g§fË‹
bkh¤j MuŠá‹ vil
v©Â¡if =
1 FL«g¤â‰F njit¥gL« MuŠá‹ vil
22.5 22.5 10 225
= = ´ = =9
2.5 2.5 10 25
9 FL«g¡fS¡F rkkhf¥ g§»l Koí«.

5. xU buh£o RLgt® 10 rk msÉyhd nf¡Ffis jahÇ¥gj‰F 3.924 ».» r®¡fiu
ga‹gL¤âdh® vÅš, x›bthU nf¡»‰F« ga‹gL¤j¥gL« r®¡fiuÆ‹ msit¡
fh©f.
Ô®î 10 nf¡FfŸ jahÇ¡f¥ ga‹gL« r®¡fiuÆ‹ msî = 3.924 ».»
3.924
∴ 1 nf¡F jahÇ¡f¥ ga‹gL« r®¡fiuÆ‹ msî = ».»
10
= 0.3924 ».»
om

x›bthU nf¡»‰F« 0.3924 ».» r®¡fiu ga‹gL¤Jth®.
ïaš 1
6. kâ¥ò fh©f : (i) 26.13 × 4.6 (i) 3.628 + 31.73 – 2.1 × 26.13 ← 2 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«
Ô®î (i) 26.13 × 4.6 15678
104520
.c
26.13 × 4.6 = 120.198 120.198 ← 3 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«
+ 3.628
(ii) 3.628 + 31.73 − 2.1 31.73
= 33.258 – 35.358
2.1
s
33.258
7. KUf‹ áy igfËš fhŒf¿fis th§»dh®. x›bthU igí« 20.55 ».» vilíilaJ.

ok
mid¤J¥ igfË‹ bkh¤j vil 308.25 ».» vÅš, v¤jid igfis th§f nt©L«?
Ô®î mid¤J¥ igfË‹ bkh¤j vil = 308.25 ».»
xU igÆ‹ vil = 20.55 ».» 15
2055) 30835
bo
bkh¤j vil
∴ fhŒf¿ igfË‹ v©Â¡if = 2055
1 igÆ‹vil
10275
æ 30825 ö
308 × 25 çè ÷ 10275
100 ø
= =
a
20 × 55 æ 2055 ö 0
çè ÷ø
100
ur
30825 100 30825

= ´ = = 15
100 2055 2055
15 igfis th§f nt©L«.
8. xUt® t£l tot¥ ó§fhÉš eil¥ gÆ‰á brŒí« öu« 23.761 Û vÅš, 100 t£lko¤jhš
.s
mt® flªj bjhiythdJ v›tsî?

Ô®î xU t£l¤âš fl¡F« öu« = 23.761 Û
∴ 100 t£l¤âš fl¡F« öu« = 23.761 × 100 Û = 2376.1 Û
w
∴ 100 t£lko¤jhš fl¡F« öu« = 2376.1 Û

9. 0.002 Él 0.0543 v›tsî bgÇaJ?
w
Ô®î bgÇa v© = 0.0543 (–)

á¿a v© = 0.0020

w
ntWghL = 0.0523
0.002 I Él 0.0543 MdJ 0.0523 mâf«.
10. xU m¢R vªâukhdJ xU ÃÄl¤âš 15 g¡f§fis m¢áL»wJ vÅš, 4.6 ÃÄl§fËš

mJ v¤jid g¡f§fis m¢áL«? 4.6 1 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«
Ô®î 1 ÃÄl¤âš m¢áL« g¡f§fŸ = 15 × 15
230
4.6 ÃÄl§fËš m¢áL« g¡f§fŸ = 15 × 4.6 460
4.6 ÃÄl¤âš m¢áL« g¡f§fŸ = 69. 69.0 1 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«

nk‰áªjid¡ fz¡FfŸ
11. ãuòÉ‹ å£oÈUªJ nahfh Ãiya¤â‰F cŸs öu« 102 Û k‰W« nahfh Ãiya¤âÈUªJ
gŸË¡F¤ öu« 165 Û vÅš, mt‹ gaz« brŒí« bkh¤j¤ öu¤âid¡ »nyh Û£lÇš
fh©f. (jrk v© tot«)
Ô®î ∴ bkh¤j öu« = 102 Û + 165 Û = 267 Û [1000 Û = 1 ».Û]
267 1
om
= ».Û = 0.267 ».Û [ 1 ».Û = Û]
1000 1000
ãuò gaz« brŒí« bkh¤j öu« = 0.267 ».Û.
v©Âaš
12. m‹ò k‰W« khyh ïUtU« A ïÈUªJ C ï¡F ïUntW ghijfËš gaÂ¡»wh®fŸ.
m‹ò A v‹w ïl¤âÈUªJ B v‹w ïl¤â‰F« m§»UªJ C v‹w ïl¤â‰F« gaz«
brŒ»wh®. B ïÈUªJ A MdJ 8.3 ».Û k‰W« C ïÈUªJ B MdJ 15.6 ».Û cŸsJ.
.c
khyh A v‹w ïl¤âÈUªJ D v‹w ïl¤â‰F« m§»UªJ C v‹w ïl¤â‰F gaz«
brŒ»wh®. A ïÈUªJ D ï‹ bjhiyî 7.5 ».Û k‰W« D ïÈUªJ C ï‹ bjhiyî 16.9
».Û vÅš, ah® gaz« brŒj bjhiyî mâf« k‰W« v›tsî mâf öu« mt® gaz«
s
brŒjh®?
Ô®î m‹ò gaz« brŒj öu« :

= 23.9 ».Û.
khyh gaz« brŒj öu« :
ok
A k‰W« B ï¡F ïilÆyhd öu« = 8.3 ».Û
B k‰W« C ï¡F ïilÆyhd öu« = 15.6 ».Û
∴ m‹ò gaz« brŒj bkh¤j öu« = (8.3 + 15.6) ».Û
bo
A k‰W« D ï¡F ïilÆyhd öu« = 7.5 ».Û
D k‰W« C ï¡F ïilÆyhd öu« = 16.9 ».Û
∴ khyh gaz« brŒj bkh¤j bjhiyî = (7.5 + 6.9) ».Û
= 24.4 ».Û.
ï§F 24.4 > 23.9
a
nkY« 24.4 – 23.9 = 0.5

∴ khyh gaz« brŒj öu« mâf«.
ur
mt® 0.5 ».Û öu« mâf« gaz« brŒJŸsh®.

13. unkZ xU thlif t©oÆš gaz« brŒa XU kÂ neu¤â‰F `97.75 brY¤J»wh®
vÅš, xU thu¤âš 35 kÂ neu« gaz« brŒ»wh® vÅš, xU thu¤â‰F mt® brY¤j
.s
nt©oa bkh¤j¤ bjhif v›tsî?

97.75 ← 2 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«
Ô®î 1 kÂ neu gaz bryî = `97.75 × 35
35 kÂ neu gaz bryî = 97.75 × 35 48875
w
293250
= 3421.25
3421.25 ← 2 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«
∴ gaz¤â‰F mt® brY¤j nt©oa bjhif = `3421.25.
14. xU th}®â 6 kÂ neu¤âš gaÂ¤j bjiyî 2781.20 ».Û vÅš, mj‹ ruhrÇ
w
ntf¤ij¡ fh©f.
Ô®î 6 kÂ neu¤âš th}®â gaÂ¤j bjhiyî = 2781.20 ».Û
w
 278120 
 
2781.20 100  278120 1
th}®âÆ‹ ruhrÇ ntf« = = = ´
6 6 100 6
278120 1 1
= ´ = 46353 ×
6 100 100
46353
= = 463.53 ».Û / kÂ
100
th}®âÆ‹ ruhrÇ ntf« = 463.53 ».Û / kÂ.
15. FkhÇ‹ k»GªJ xU È£lU¡F 12.6 ».Û jU»wJ. mtdJ vÇbghUŸ fyÅš 25.8 È
vÇbghUŸ bfhŸS« vÅš, mtdhš v›tsî öu¤ij¡ fl¡f ïaY«?
Ô®î 1 È£lÇš k»GªJ fl¡F« bjhiyî = 12.6 ».Û 12.6 ← 1 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«
25.8 È£lÇš k»GªJ fl¡F« bjhiyî = 12.6 × 25.8 × 25.8 ← 1 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«
= 325.08 ».Û 1008
6300
∴ k»GªJ 325.08 ».Û öu¤ij fl¡f ïaY«. 25200
om
325.08 ← 2 jrk ïl¤âU¤j«
ïaš 1


.c
myF¤ nj®î
neu«: 1 kÂ kâ¥bg©: 25
I. nfho£l ïl§fis Ãu¥òf. 5×1=5
s
1. 67.4 ï‹ mU»yhd KG v© âU¤j« ______.
2.
3.
4.
ok
87.006 I ü¿š x‹wh« ïl¤â‰F KGikah¡f¡ »il¥gJ ______.
80.0097 I MÆu¤âš x‹wh« ïl¤â‰F KGikah¡f¡ »il¥gJ ______.
9.23 I xU jrk ïl¤âU¤jkhf vGj¡ »il¥gJ ______.
bo
5. 8.764 + 9.32 = ______.
II. Ñœ¡fhQ« Édh¡fS¡F ÉilaË. 5 × 2 = 10
6. 7.439 ïÈUªJ vªj jrk v©iz¡ fÊ¤jhš 2.97 »il¡F«.
7. 5 ».» M¥ãŸ Éiy `498.976. 5 ».» MuŠR Éiy `270.730. ïU gH§fË‹ bkh¤j Éiy
a
v‹d?
8. xU r¡fu« xU R‰¿š 50.3 br.Û öu¤ij¡ fl¡»wJ vÅš 10 R‰WfËš fl¡F« öu¤ij¡
ur
fh©f.
9. xU rJu¤âš xU g¡f msî 4.93 br.Û vÅš mj‹ gu¥gsit¡ fh©f.
10. xU miwÆ‹ gu¥gsî 110.32 rJu mo. mij KGtJkhf 20 rJu XLfshš Ãu¥g
nt©LbkÅš v¤jid XLfŸ njit¥gL«.
.s
III. Ñœ¡fhQ« Édh¡fS¡F ÉilaË. 2 × 5 = 10

11. RU¡Ff 18.234 + 16.7 – 9.39.
w
12. RU¡Ff 18.23 × 6.2 ÷ 3.2.

ÉilfŸ
w
I. 1. 67 2. 87.01
3. 80.010 4. 9.2
w
5. 18.084
II. 6. 4.469 7. `769.706
8. 503 br.Û 9. 24.3049 br.Û2 10. 5.516 r.mo
III. 11. 25.544 12. 35.320625


om
7M« tF¥ò
.c
_‹wh«
s
gUt« ok
bo
m¿Éaš
a
ur
.s
w
w
w
293
om
.c
m¿Éaš
s
1.
jhk° Mšth vor‹

myF 1
myF 2
ok
xËÆaš295-307
m©l« k‰W« É©btË308-317
bo
myF 3 gygo ntâÆaš318-329
myF 4 m‹whl thœÉš ntâÆaš330-337
myF 5 m‹whl thœÉš Éy§FfŸ338-345
a
myF 6 fh£á¤ bjhl®ãaš346-349

ur

.s
w
w
w
294
myF
1 xËÆaš
kâ¥ÕL
om
I. rÇahd Éilia¤ nj®ªbjL¡f :
1. xËahdJ v¥bghGJ« bršY«. ïªj¥ g©ò _________ vd miH¡f¥gL»wJ.
m) tisnfh£oš, ÃHšfŸ M) ne®nfh£oš, ÃHšfŸ
.c
ï) ne®nfh£oš, vâbuhË¥ò <) tisªJ ã‹ neuhf, ÃHšfŸ
[Éil: M) ne®nfh£oš, ÃHšfŸ]
2. MoÆšgL« xËahdJ _________.
s
m) CLUÉ¢ brš»wJ M) vâbuhË¥ò mil»wJ
ï) c£ftu¥gL»wJ <) Éyfyil»wJ
[Éil: M) vâbuhË¥ò mil»wJ]
3.

m) Ú®

ok
_________ gu¥ò xËia vâbuhË¡»wJ.
M) FWªjfL ï) f©zho <) fš
[Éil: ï) f©zho]
bo
4. xË v‹gJ xU tif _________
m) bghUŸ M) M‰wš ï) Clf« <) JfŸ
[Éil: M) M‰wš]
5. Ú§fŸ, c§fŸ ã«g¤ij¥ gs¥gs¥ghd gu¥ãš gh®¡f ïaY«, Mdhš ku nki#Æ‹
a
gu¥ãš gh®¡f ïayhJ, VbdÅš _________

m) xG§fhd vâbuhË¥ò, ku nki#Æš eilbgW»wJ k‰W« xG§f‰w vâbuhË¥ò
ur
gs¥gs¥ghd gu¥ãš eilbgW»wJ.

M) xG§fhd vâbuhË¥ò, gs¥gs¥ghd gu¥ãš eilbgW»wJ k‰W« xG§f‰w
vâbuhË¥ò ku nki#Æš eilbgW»wJ.
ï) ïu©L gu¥òfËY«, xG§fhd vâbuhË¥ò eilbgW»wJ,
.s
<) ïu©L gu¥òfËY«, xG§f‰w vâbuhË¥ò eilbgW»wJ.

[Éil: M) xG§fhd vâbuhË¥ò, gsgs¥ghd gu¥ãš eilbgW»wJ k‰W«
xG§f‰w vâbuhË¥ò ku nki#Æš eilbgW»wJ]
w
6. ã‹tUtdt‰¿š vJ gFâ xË cLUî« bghUŸ?

m) f©zho M) ku« ï) Ú® <) nkf«
[Éil: <) nkf«]
w
7. xËahdJ _________ vâbuhË¥ò eilbgW»wJ.

m) vâbuhË¡F« gu¥ig milí« nghJ
M) vâbuhË¡F« gu¥ig mQF« nghJ
w
ï) vâbuhË¡F« gu¥ã‹ tÊna bršY« nghJ

<) nk‰T¿a vJî« ïšiy [Éil: m) vâbuhË¡F« gu¥ig milí« nghJ]
8. Ñœ¡fhQ« v¥bghUŸ, xËia e‹F vâbuhË¡F«?
m) ãsh°o¡ j£L M) rkjs Mo
ï) Rt® <) fh»j« [Éil: M) rkjs Mo]
295
RuhÉ‹  m¿Éaš  7 M« tF¥ò - 5 in 1  _‹wh« gUt«
9. átuh#‹ xU Û£l® msînfhiy, fhiy 7 kÂ¡F Éisah£L ikjhd¤âš ne®¡F¤jhf
Ã‰f it¡»wh‹. e©gfÈš njh‹W« msînfhÈ‹ ÃHyhdJ _________
m) njh‹whJ
M) fhiyÆš njh‹¿a ÃHiyÉl ÚskhdJ k‰W« ÃHš, NÇaÅ‹ vâ®¤âirÆš
njh‹W«
ï) fhiyÆš njh‹¿a ÃHiyÉl¤ Fiwthd Ús« bfh©lJ k‰W« ÃHš, NÇaÅ‹
mnj âirÆš njh‹W«
om
<) fhiyÆš njh‹¿a ÃHiyÉl¡ Fiwthd Ús« bfh©lJ
[Éil: <) fhiyÆš njh‹¿a ÃHiyÉl¡ Fiwthd Ús« bfh©lJ]
10. Cá¤Jis¡fhÄuhÉš njh‹W« ã«g« jiyÑHhdJ, VbdÅš _________
m) xËahdJ ne®¡nfh£oš bršY«
M) xË¡fâ®fŸ JisÆ‹ tÊna¢ bršY«nghJ, jiyÑHhf¢ brš»wJ
.c
ï) xË¡fâ®fŸ JisÆ‹ tÊna¢ brš»wJ
<) xË¡fâ®fŸ vâbuhË¡f¥gL»‹wd
[Éil: m) xËahdJ ne®¡nfh£oš bršY«]
s
11.
xËÆaš
ã‹tU« vªj¡T‰W, ÃHšfŸ cUth¡f¤ij És¡F»wJ?

m) xË ne®nfh£oš brš»wJ
<) ïltykh‰w« mil»wJ ok

M) xË CLUth¥ bghUŸ xËia¤ j‹ tÊna mDkâ¥gâšiy
ï) vâbuhË¥ò, f©zho ngh‹w gu¥òfËš eilbgW»wJ
i) m k‰W« M ii) m k‰W« < iii) m k‰W«ï iv) m k£L«

[Éil: i) m k‰W« M]
bo

II. nfho£l ïl§fis Ãu¥òf :
1. xU rkjs MoahdJ cUth¡F« ã«g« _________ MF«.
[Éil: neuhd, khaã«g«]
a
2. _________ vâbuhË¥ò MdJ bghUŸfis¡ fhz cjî»wJ. [Éil: xG§fhd]

myF 1
3. xË¡fâ®fŸ gsgs¥ghd gu¥ã‹ ÛJ ÉG«nghJ, mit _________ mil»‹wd.

ur
[Éil: xG§fhd vâbuhË¥ò]

4. NÇa xËahdJ _________t©z§fË‹ fyit MF«. [Éil: VG]
5. xU btŸbshË MdJ, VG t©z§fshf¥ ãÇifailí« Ãfœî _________
.s
vd¥gL«. [Éil: Ãw¥ãÇif]

6. rªâu‹, NÇaÅlÄUªJ xË¡fâ®fis _________brŒ»wJ.
[Éil: bg‰W ãuâgÈ¡f]
w
7. _________ga‹gL¤â, NÇa xËÆš ml§»íŸs t©z§fis¥ ãÇ¡fyh«.

[Éil: K¥g£lf¤âid¥]
w
8. brhubrhu¥ghd gu¥ã‹ nkš _________ vâbuhË¥ò eilbgW»wJ.

[Éil: xG§f‰w]
III. Ñœ¡fhQ« T‰WfŸ rÇah, jtwh vd MuhŒf, T‰W jtW vÅš rÇahd
w
T‰iw vGJf :
1. MoÆ‹ K‹ Ã‰F« nghJ, c‹ ty¡ ifÆ‹ ã«gK«, ïl¡ ifÆ‹ ã«gK« xnu
khâÇahf¤ njh‰wkË¡»‹wd.
Éil: jtW. rÇahd T‰W : MoÆ‹ K‹ Ã‰F« nghJ c‹ ty¡ifÆ‹ ã«gK« ïl¡ifÆ‹
ã«gK« ïlty kh‰wkhf njh‰wkË¡»‹wd.
2. NÇa xËahdJ, Ú®¤JËfË‹ _y« Ãw¥ãÇif milªJ thdÉš njh‹W»wJ.
Éil: rÇ.

3. rkjs MoÆš njh‹W« ã«g« ïltykh‰w« mil»wJ. vdnt bgÇ°nfh¥ã‹ _y«
njh‹W« ã«gK« ïltykh‰w« mil»wJ.
Éil: rÇ.
4. NÇa xËia¡ nfhŸfŸ vâbuhË¥gj‹ fhuzkhf mjid¡ fhzKo»wJ.
Éil: rÇ.
5. ò¤jf¤â‹ nk‰gu¥ò, xËia vâbuhË¥gjhš ò¤jf¤ij eh« fhz Ko»wJ.
Éil: rÇ.
om
6. Cá¤Jis¡ fhÄuhÉš njh‹W« ã«g«, ne®khW ã«g« MF«.
Éil: jtW. rÇahd T‰W : Cá¤Jis fhÄuhÉš njh‹W« ã«g« jiyÑœ bkŒ ã«g«
MF«.
7. Cá¤Jis¡ fhÄuhÉš njh‹W« ã«g¤â‹ msî«, bghUË‹ msî« rk«.
.c
Éil: jtW. rÇahd T‰W : Cá¤Jis fhÄuhÉš njh‹W« ã«g¤â‹ msî«, bghUË‹
msî« rkkšy.
8. rkjs MoÆš njh‹W« ã«g« jiyÑœ kh‰w« mil»wJ.
Éil: jtW. rÇahd T‰W : rkjs MoÆš njh‹W« ã«g« ïlty kh‰w« mil»wJ.
s
9. rkjs Mo, xË CLUthj xU bghUŸ MF«.
Éil: rÇ.
10.
11.
ok
xU bghUË‹ ÃHš, bghUËš ïU¡F« mnj g¡f¤âš mikí«.
Éil: jtW. rÇahd T‰W : xU bghUË‹ ÃHš bghUË‹ vâ® g¡f¤âš mikí«.
e«ik¢R‰¿ ïU¡F« bghUŸfis, xËÆ‹ xG§fhd vâbuhË¥ã‹ _ynk fh©»nwh«.
bo
Éil: rÇ.
12. xU btŸbshË MdJ, K¥g£lf« tÊna bršY«nghJ, mJ VG t©z§fshf¥ ãÇif
mil»wJ.
Éil: rÇ.
a
m¿Éaš
IV. bghU¤Jf : Éil:
1. ne®nfh£L¥ g©ò Kj‹ik xË_y« bgÇ°nfh¥
ur
2. rkjs Mo xËuh¥ bghUŸ xËU« bghUŸ

3. Ä‹ÄÅ¥ ó¢á bgÇ°nfh¥ xËuh¥ bghUŸ
Ãyh Cá¤Jis¡ fhÄuh òwÃHš
.s
4.
5. mf‹w xË _y« Ãw¥g£il gs¥gs¥ghd gu¥ò
6. xG§fhd vâbuhË¥ò xËU« bghUŸ Kj‹ik xË_y«
w
7. NÇa‹ òwÃHš Ãw¥g£il

8. VG t©z§fŸ gs¥gs¥ghd gu¥ò
w
V. RU¡fkhf ÉilaË :
1. vâbuhË¥ò Éâfis, gl¤Jl‹ TWf.
Éil: (i) gLnfhzK« (i) vâbuhË¥ò¡ nfhzK« (r) rk«, i = r
w
(ii) gLfâ® F¤J¡nfhL k‰W« vâbuhË¥ò¡ fâ® M»ait P N

vâbuhË¥ò¡ Q
xnu js¤âš mikí«. gLnfhz«
i
nfhz«
r
gl¤âš PO v‹gJ gLfâ® (i) MF«. PON v‹gJ
gLnfhz« MF«. nkY« NO Q v‹gJ vâbuhË¡F« vâbuhË¥ò¡
fâ®
nfhz« MF«. ïu©L nfhz§fS« rk«. gLfâ®

nkY« gLfâ® PO , vâbuhË¥ò¡ fâ® F¤J¡nfhL NO
_‹W« xnu js¤âš mikªJŸsd. vâbuhË¡F«
gu¥ò

2. gl¤âš, xU bg‹áš, X® MoÆš nkny ïU¡F« Ãiyia¡ fh£L»wJ? vÅš
m) MoÆš njh‹W« bg‹áÈ‹ ã«g¤ij tiuf.
M) bg‹áÈUªJ tU« xË¡fâ®fŸ v›thW MoÆš bg‹áš
vâbuhË¡f¥g£L, f©Â‰F mj‹ ã«g« »il¡»wJ f©
gl« tiuªJ fh£Lf.
om
Éil: m) M)
.c
3. xUt®, j‹ K‹dhš MoÆš xU ku¤â‹ ã«g¤ij 3.5 Û£l® bjhiyÉš ïUªJ
s
gh®¡»wh®. ku«, mt® f©fËÈUªJ 0.5 Û£l® bjhiyÉš ã‹dhš ïU¡»wJ, vÅš
xËÆaš
ku¤â‰F« mt® f©Â‰F« ïilna cŸs bjhiyî v‹d? bghUis¡ fhz ek¡F
Éil:
mtáakhd fhuÂfŸ ahit?
0.5 Û 3.5 Û 4Û
ok bghUis¡ fhz
mtáakhd fhuÂfŸ :
1. xË _y«
2. bghUŸ
bo
f©zho¡F« egU¡F« ïilÆyhd öu« = 3.5 Û 3. f©fŸ
egU¡F« ku¤â‰F« ïilÆyhd öu« (bghUŸ) = 0.5 Û
f©zho k‰W« ã«g¤â‰F« ïilÆyhd öu« = 4 Û
ku¤â‰F« mt® f©Â‰F« ïilna cŸs öu« = 4 + 3.5 = 7.5 Û
a
4. xËU« bghUŸfŸ v‹whš v‹d?

myF 1
Éil: xËia cÄG« bghUŸfŸ xËU« bghUŸfŸ v‹»nwh«.

ur
v.f. : NÇa‹, Ä‹rhu És¡F.

5. Ãyh X® xËU« bghUsh? fhuz« TW.
Éil: ïšiy. Ãyh X® xËU« bghUŸ mšy. Ãyh jhkhfnt xËia cÄG« _y« mšy.
.s
mJ NÇaÅlÄUªJ xËia¥ bg‰W ã‹ mjid óÄ¡F¥ ãuâgÈ¡»wJ.

6. xËia c£ftU« g©ãid¥ bghU¤J, bghUŸfË‹ _‹W tiffŸ ahit?
Éil: (i) xË CLUî« bghUŸfŸ
w
(ii) gFâ xË CLUî« bghUŸfŸ

(iii) xË CLUth¥ bghU£fŸ vd¥gL«.
7. ÃHšfË‹ gFâfŸ ahit?
w
Éil: fU ÃHš k‰W« òwÃHš ngh‹wit ÃHÈ‹ gFâfŸ MF«.

8. ÃHšfË‹ g©òfŸ ahit?
Éil: (i) všyh¥ bghUŸfS« ÃHšfis cUth¡Ftâšiy. xË CLUth¥ bghUŸfŸ
w
k£Lnk ÃHšfis cUth¡F»‹wd.

(ii) ÃHšfŸ v¥bghGJ« xË Ky« ïU¡F« âir¡F vâ®¤ âirÆš cUthF«.
(iii) xU bghUË‹ ÃHiy¡ bfh©L m¥bghUË‹ j‹ikia¡ f©l¿a ïayhJ.
(iv) bghUË‹ Ãw« vJthf ïU¥ãD« m¥bghUË‹ ÃHš v¥bghGJ« fUikahfnt
njh‹W«.
(v) xË _y«, xË CLUth¥bghUŸ k‰W« ÃHš M»a _‹W« xnu ne®¡nfh£oš
mikí«.

(vi) xU bghUË‹ ÃHÈ‹ msthdJ, xË_y« k‰W« bghUS¡F ïilna cŸs
bjhiyî; bghUŸ k‰W« âiu¡F ïilna cŸs bjhiyî M»at‰iw¢
rh®ªJŸsJ.
9. rkjs Mo v‹whš v‹d?
Éil: rkjs Mo v‹gJ vâbuhË¥ã‹ _y« ã«g¤ij cUth¡F« tHtH¥ghd xU rkjs
gu¥ò MF«. xU rkjs MoahdJ mj‹ K‹ njh‹W« bghUË‹ ã«g¤âid
cUth¡F«.
om
10. K¥g£lf« v‹whš v‹d?
Éil: K¥g£lf« v‹gJ ïu©L rkjs gu¥òfS¡F ïilna FW§nfhz« bfh©l, KGtJ«
f©zho mšyJ ãsh°o¡»dhš cUth¡f¥g£l bghUŸ MF«.
11. f©QW xË v‹whš v‹d?
Éil: f©QW xË v‹gJ gšntW Ãw§fis¡ bfh©lJ. x›bthU ÃwK« F¿¥ã£l X®
.c
miy Ús kâ¥ig¡ bfh©lJ. f©QW xËÆ‹ miy Ús beU¡f« 400 nendh
Û£l® Kjš 700 Û£l® tiu kâ¥ò cilaJ.
12. Ñœ¡fhQ« bghUŸfis m£ltizÆš rÇahd ïl¤âš Ãu¥òf.
s
(e£r¤âu«, br§fš Rt®, jhtu§fŸ, f©zho, nfhŸfŸ, Ä‹ gšò, vÇí« bkGFt¤â)
Éil:
xË _y§fŸ
e£r¤âu«
Ä‹gšò
ok
xËia vâbuhË¥git
br§fš Rt®
jhtu§fŸ
bo
vÇí« bkGFt¤â f©zho
nfhŸfŸ
13. 1 Û£l® 45 br.Û cauKila xU áWt‹, Úskhd X® MoÆÈUªJ 2 Û£l® bjhiyÉš
Ã‰»wh‹, vÅš ã‹tUtdt‰iw Ãu¥òf.
a
m¿Éaš
m) áWt‹ k‰W« mt‹ ã«g¤â‰F« ïilna cŸs bjhiyî __________.
M) MoÆš njh‹W« áWtDila ã«g¤â‹ cau« __________.
ur
ï) áWt‹ 1 Û£l® bjhiyî Moia neh¡»¢ br‹whš, Mo¡F« ã«g¤â‰F« ïilna

cŸs bjhiyî __________
Éil: m) 4 Û£l®
.s
M) 1 Û£l® 45 br.Û
ï) 1 Û£l®
14. VnjD« xU bghUŸ x‹iwí«, Cá¤Jis¡ fhÄuh x‹W cUth¡F« m¥bghUË‹
w
ã«g¤ijí« tiuf,
Éil:
w
w

15. mtru fhy C®âfËš, AMBULANCE v‹w th®¤ij ty, ïlkhf kh‰¿ vGj¥g£oU¥gj‹
fhuz« v‹d?
om
Éil: rkjs MoÆ‹ ïlty kh‰w« v‹w g©ò ï§F ga‹gL¤j¥gL»wJ. C®âÆš
ã‹ndh¡» ty, ïlkhf vGj¥g£l th®¤ijÆ‹ vG¤J¡fŸ K‹ bršY« thfd¤â‹
f©zhoÆš ïlty kh‰w¤â‹ fhuzkhf ‘AMBULANCE’ vd neuhf¤ bjÇí«.
vdnt AMBULANCE mtru fhy C®âfËš ty ïlkhf kh‰¿ vGj¥g£LŸsJ.
.c
16. MoÆš njh‹W« áy bgÇa M§»y vG¤JfË‹, ã«g§fŸ khwhkš ïU¡»‹wd. ïju
bgÇa M§»y vG¤JfË‹ ã«g§fŸ kh‰w« mil»‹wd. ïj‰F¡ fhuz« v‹d?
s
És¡Ff.
xËÆaš
Éil: M§»y vG¤J¡fËš áy bgÇa vG¤J¡fŸ ïlty kh‰w« milªjhY«, vG¤â‹

j‹ik khwhkš e« f©Â‰F òy¥gL»‹wd. vdnt mt‰¿‹ ã«g§fŸ tot«
17.
khwhkš bjÇ»‹wJ.
ok
cjhuzkhf EINSTEIN v‹w th®¤ijÆš’ NIETSNIE v‹w toÉš ã«g« »il¡»wJ.
ïªj th®¤ijÆš T k‰W« I v‹w vG¤J¡fË‹ tot« khwhkš »il¡»wJ.
M1 k‰W« M2 v‹w ïU x‹W¡bfh‹W br§F¤jhd rkjs MofŸ gl¤âš fh£oíŸsthW
bo
it¡f¥gLŸsd. AB v‹w fâ® M1 v‹w rkjs MonahL 45º
A
gLnfhz¤ij V‰gL¤J»wJ.
m) __________, __________ M»ait vâbuhË¥ò¡ fâ®fŸ B
MF«. D
a
M1
M) __________, __________ M»ait gLfâ®fŸ MF«.
myF 1
ï) BC v‹w fâ® V‰gL¤J« gLnfhz« v‹d?

ur
C
<) CD v‹w fâ® V‰gL¤J« vâbuhË¥ò¡ nfhz« v‹d? M2
Éil: m) BC k‰W« CD
M) AB k‰W« BC
.s
ï) BC v‹w fâ® V‰g VW« nfhz« 45º MF«.

<) CD v‹w fâ® V‰g VW« vâbuhË¥ò¡ nfhz« 45º MF«.
18. uh#‹, fofhu ã«g§fË‹ gl§fis¡ bfh©L ÉisahL»wh‹. mt‹ j‹ miwÆš
w
cŸs fofhu¤ij¥ gh®¡»wh‹. mJ 1:40 vd¡fh£L»wJ. ã‹tU« gl§fËš, uh#‹

fofhu k‰W« mj‹ f©zho¥ ã«g¤âš fofhu K£fis v›thW tiuªâU¥gh‹?
w
w

Éil:
1 : 40 1 : 20

19. xËÆ‹ vâbuhË¥ò v‹whš v‹d?
Éil: xU bghUis f©zhoÆš fh£l¥gL« nghJ, bghUËÈUªJ tU« xË¡fâ®fŸ
f©zhoÆ‹ nk‰gu¥ãšg£L Û©L ãuâgÈ¡»wJ. ïJ xË vâbuhË¥ò vd¥gL«.
20. X® xË¡fâ® 50º nfhz¤âš xU rkjs MoÆš ÉG»wJ, vÅš vâbuhË¥ò¡nfhz«
v‹d?
Éil: vâbuhË¥ò ÉâÆ‹go gLnfhzK«, vâbuhË¥ò nfhzK« rk«. vdnt 50º nfhz¤âš
rkjs MoÆš gL« xË¡fâÇ‹ vâbuhË¥ò nfhz« 50º MF«.
om
21. rkjs MoÆš ïlty kh‰w« g‰¿ ÚÉ® m¿tJ v‹d?
Éil: (i) ã«gkhdJ ïlty kh‰w« milí«
(ii) f©zhoÆÈUªJ bghUŸ ïU¡F« öuK«, f©zhoÆÈUªJ bghUË‹ ã«g«
bjÇí« öuK« rk«.
(iii) vâbuhË¡F« gu¥ã‰F¢ br§F¤jhf mikí« nfhL F¤J¡nfhL vd¥gL«.
.c
22. btŸbshËÆ‹ Ãw¤bjhF¥ig v›thW bgwyh«?
Éil: xU btŸbshËahdJ K¥g£lf¤â‹ xU rkjs¥ gu¥ã‹ tÊna bršY«nghJ k‰bwhU
rkjs¥gu¥ã‹ tÊna btËtU«nghJ VG t©z§fshf¥ ãÇif mil»wJ. ïâš
s
»il¡F« Ãw§fshd Cjh, ï©onfh, Úy«, g¢ir, kŠrŸ, MuŠR, át¥ò ngh‹w
Ãw§fŸ Ãw¤bjhF¥ò MF«.
23.
ok
Ãô£l‹ t£oid ntfkhf¢ RH‰W« nghJ, V‹ mJ bt©ik Ãw¤Jl‹ njh‰wkË¡»wJ?
Éil: Ãô£l‹ t£oid mj‹ ika« tÊna bršY« m¢áid¥ bghU¤J ntfkhf¢
RH‰W«nghJ e« f©Â‹ bu£odh bt©ik Ãw¤âid cz®¤Jtjhš mJ bt©ik
Ãw¤Jl‹ njh‰wkË¡»wJ.
bo
24. ÃHš v‹whš v‹d? ÃHiy cUth¡f njitahd bghUŸfŸ ahit?
Éil: xË òfh¥bghU£fŸ j« ÛJ ÉG« xËia nkY« guthkš jL¤J ÉLtjhš ÃHšfŸ
cUth»‹wd.
ÃHš cUth¡f njitahd bghU£fŸ : xË _y«, xËòfh¥bghUŸ.
a
m¿Éaš
VI. ã‹tU« Édh¡fS¡F ÉÇthf ÉilaË :
1.
ur
xG§fhd k‰W« xG§f‰w vâbuhË¥ò v‹whš v‹d? gl¤Jl‹ ÉtÇ.

Éil: xG§fhd k‰W« xG§f‰w vâbuhË¥ò:
(i) xËahdJ vâbuhË¥ò ÉâÆ‹go mid¤J¥gu¥òfËY« vâbuhË¡f¥gL»wJ.
(ii) xËÆ‹ vâbuhË¥ò Éâ brašgLtJ gu¥ã‹ tot¤ij¥
.s
bghU¤jJ m‹W.
(iii) n e ® F ¤ j h d g u ¥ ò f Ÿ n f h z ¥ g u ¥ ò f Ÿ
k‰W« tisªj¥gu¥òfŸ ngh‹w mid¤j
w
tif¥gu¥òfËY«, xËÆ‹ vâbuhË¥ò Éâia eh«

ÃUã¡fyh«. xG§f‰w vâbuhË¥ò
(iv) vâbuhË¡F« gu¥ã‰F¢ br§F¤jhf xU òŸËÆš

(brhubrhu¥ghd gu¥ò)
w
F¤J¡nfhL tiua KoíkhÆ‹ m¥òŸËÆš

gLnfhzK« vâbuhË¥ò¡nfhzK« rk« MF«.
(v) vâbuhË¡F« gu¥ò tHtH¥ghdJ« rkjskhfî«
w
ïU¥ã‹, gu¥ã‹ všyh¥ òŸËfË‹

F¤J¡nfhLfS« xnu âirÆš mikí«.
(vi) vdnt ïizfâ®fŸ bfh©l xË¡f‰iwahdJ
tHtH¥ghd rkjs gu¥ã‹ nkš ÉGªJ F¿¥ã£l xG§fhd vâbuhË¥ò
(tHtH¥ghd gu¥ò)
xU nfhz¤âš vâbuhË¡f¥gL»wJ.
(vii) vâbuhË¡f¥gL« fâ®fS« ïizfâ®fns, vÅD« tHtH¥g‰w rkjs« ïšyhj,
xË¡f‰iwÆš x›bthU fâU« brhubrhu¥ghd gu¥ãš ÉG»wJ.

(viii) A, B, C, D k‰W« E v‹w IªJ gLfâ®fŸ xU gu¥ã‹ nkš ÉG»‹wd.
(ix) m¡fâ®fŸ gL« òŸËfËÈUªJ tiua¥gL« F¤J¡nfhLfŸ fUik Ãw¡nfh£oš
tiua¥g£L ‘ON’ vd¡ F¿Æl¥g£LŸsd.
(x) vâbuhË¥ò ÉâÆ‹ go A′, B′, C′, D′ k‰W« E′ v‹gd vâbuhË¥ò¡fâ®fŸ MF«.
gLfâ®fŸ x‹W¡bfh‹W ïizahf ïUªj nghâY«, vâbuhË¥ò¡fâ®fŸ
x›bth‹W« bt›ntW âirÆš brš»‹wd.
om
2. xËU« k‰W« xËuh _y§fŸ ït‰¿‰»ilahd ntWgh£il¡ TWf. x›bth‹¿‰F«
X® vL¤J¡fh£L jUf.
Éil:
xËU« _y§fŸ xËuh _y§fŸ
ïit xËÆid jhkhf btËÆL« ïit xËÆid jhkhf btËÉL«
.c
j‹ikíilait j‹ika‰wit
ïa‰if k‰W« bra‰if xË _y§fŸ ïa‰if k‰W« bra‰if
cŸsd. _y§fŸ »ilahJ
s
xËÆaš
v.fh : NÇa‹, FHšÉs¡F, bkGFt®¤â v.fh : Rt®, br§fš, fš, m£il, ku«
Ä‹gšò
3.
Éil: (i) ok
m‹whl thœÉš Ú fhQ« xËÆ‹ ne®¡nfh£L g©ò ÃfœîfŸ ïu©oid TWf.
e« å£o‹ #‹dš tÊna xËahdJ CLUÉ e« å£oDŸ xË guò»wJ.
(ii) nyr® És¡»‹ xË bršYjš
(iii) fhLfËš ku§fË‹ »isfË‹ tÊna NÇa xË guîjš.
bo
4. vâbuhË¥ò k‰W« ÃHš - ntWgL¤Jf.
Éil:
vâbuhË¥ò ÃHš
a
vâbuhË¡F« gu¥òfËdhš cUthtJ xË CLUth¥ bghU£fËdhš V‰gLtJ

myF 1
xË_y« ïU¡F« âir¡nf xË xË_y« ïU¡F« âir¡F vâ® âirÆš

ur
vâbuhÈ¥gilí«. cUthF«.
vâbuhÈ¥ãid¡ bfh©L tHtH¥ghd bghUË‹ ÃHiy¡ bfh©L bghUË‹
k‰W« brhubrhu¥ghd gu¥ãid¡ j‹ikia f©l¿a ïayhJ.
.s
f©l¿ayh«.
ïit xnu ne®¡nfh£oš mika xË _y«, xË cLUth¥ bghUŸ k‰W«
mtáaÄšiy ÃHš ngh‹wit xnu ne®¡nfh£oš
w
mikí«.
vâbuhË¥ãš ïu©L tiffŸ cŸsd. ÃHÈš ïu©L gFâfŸ cŸsd
i) xG§fhd vâbuhË¥ò i) fU ÃHš
w
ii) xG§f‰w vâbuhË¥ò ii) òw ÃHš

5. rkjs MoÆš njh‹W« ã«g¤â‹ g©òfis¡ TWf.
Éil: (i) rkjs MoÆš njh‹W« ã«g« neuhdJ.
w
(ii) rkjs MoÆš njh‹W« ã«g«, bkŒã«g« MF«.

(iii) rkjs MoÆš njh‹W« ã«gK«, bghUS« xnu msÉš ïU¡F«.
(iv) rkjs MoÆÈUªJ, bghUŸ ïU¡F« bjhiyî«, ã«g« njh‹W« bjhiyî«
rk«.
(v) rkjs MoÆš njh‹W« ã«g« ïltykh‰w« bgW«.

6. ã‹tU« gl§fË‹ _y« ÚÉ® m¿tJ v‹d?
A A
B B
om
Éil: gl« 1-š FHhŒ tisªâU¡F« nghJ xËÆ‹ _y¤ij eh« fhz KoahJ.
gl« 2-š FHhŒ neuhf ïU¡F« nghJ eh« Rliu¡ fhz Koí«. mjhtJ xËÆ‹
_y¤ij¡ fhzKoí«.
xË ne® nfhLfËš gaÂ¡»wJ v‹gij ïu©L gl§fS« cWâ¢ brŒ»‹wd.
7. ã‹tUtdt‰iw tiuaW¡f.
.c
i) gLfâ® ii) vâbuhË¥ò¡ fâ® iii) F¤J¡nfhL iv) gLnfhz«
Éil: (i) gLfâ® : vâbuhË¡F« gu¥ãš gL« xË¡fâ® gLfâ® vd¥gL«.
(ii) vâbuhË¥ò¡ fâ® : vâbuhË¡F« gu¥ãš gLfâ® ÉG« òŸËÆÈUªJ Û©L
s
tU« fâ® vâbuhË¥ò¡fâ® vd¥gL«.
(iii) F¤J¡nfhL : gLòŸËÆ‹ tÊahf vâbuhË¡F« gu¥ã‰F¢ br§F¤jhf
8.
gLnfhz« MF«. ok
tiua¥gL« nfhL F¤J¡nfhL vd¥gL«.
(iv) gLnfhz« : gLfâ® ‘PO’ ‰F« F¤J¡nfhL ON - ‰F« ïilna cŸs nfhz«
rkjs MoÆš njh‹W« ã«g§fis Cá¤Jis¡ fhÄuh cUth¡F« ã«g§fnshL

bo
x¥ãLf.
Éil: rkjs Mo k‰W« Cá¤Jis¡ fhÄuh ït‰¿š njh‹W« ã«g§fS¡F
ïilna cŸs ntWghL
Cá¤Jis fhÄuhÉš njh‹W«
a
rkjs MoÆš njh‹W« ã«g«
m¿Éaš
ã«g«
bkŒ ã«g« kha ã«g«
ur
ã«g¤â‹ msî, bghUË‹ msîl‹ ã«g« k‰W« bghUË‹ msî rk«

x¥ãL«nghJ khWglyh«.
jiyÑœ¥ ã«g« neuhd ã«g«
.s
TLjš Édh¡fŸ
w
I. rÇahd Éilia¤ nj®ªbjL¡f :

1. jhtu§fS¡F njitahd K¡»a M‰wš _y« _______ MF«.
w
m) NÇa xË M) bt¥g« ï) j©Ù® <) cu«

[Éil: m) NÇa xË]
2. ______ xU ïa‰if xË _ykhF«.
w
m) FHš És¡F M) vÇí« bkGFt®¤â

ï) NÇa xË <) Ãah‹ És¡F [Éil: ï) NÇa xË]
3. cÆÇd§fËš cÆÇ xË®jš eilbgw¡fhuz« ______ kh‰w§fŸ MF«.
m) ïa‰ãaš M) ntâÆaš ï) jhtuÉaš <) Éy§»aš
[Éil: M) ntâÆaš]
4. vâbuhË¡F« gu¥ãš gL« xË¡fâ® ______ vd miH¡f¥gL»wJ.
m) vâbuhË¥ò fâ® M) F¤J¡nfhL
ï) gLfâ® <) gLnfhz« [Éil: ï) gLfâ®]
5. xU rkjs MoÆš gLfâ® V‰gL¤J« nfhz« 57º vÅš vâbuhË¥ò¡ nfhz¤â‹
msî _______ MF«.
m) 57° M) 33° ï) 43° <) 53° [Éil: m) 57°]
6. bgÇ°nfh¥ãš ïU rkjs MofŸ x‹W¡bfh‹W _______ nfhz¤âš mik¡fî«.
m) 90° M) 55° ï) 180° <) 45°
[Éil: <) 45°]
om
II. nfho£l ïl§fis Ãu¥òf :
1. ïU£L miwÆš cŸs bghU£fË‹ ÛJ xËg£L _______ miltjhš bjËthf
f©zhš gh®¡f¥gL»wJ. [Éil: bt¥gÃiy]
2. jhtu§fŸ ________ v‹D« ÃfœÉš _y« czÉid jahÇ¤J¡ bfhŸ»wJ.
[Éil: xË¢nr®¡if]
.c
3. xËia cÄG« bghU£fŸ ______ vd¥gL«. [Éil: xË_y§fŸ]
4. ïa‰ifahfnt xËia cÄG« cÆÇd« ________ MF«.
[Éil: Ä‹ÄÅ¥ó¢á]
s
xËÆaš
5. eh« å£oš ga‹gL¤j¥gL« FHš És¡»š cŸs thí ________ MF«.

[Éil: ghjur«]
6.
III.

ok
xËÆ‹ ne®¡nfh£L g©ãid f©l¿ªjt® _______ Mth®.
[Éil: mš-Ar‹ Aa¤j«]
Ñœ¡fhQ« T‰WfŸ rÇah, jtwh vd MuhŒf, T‰W jtW vÅš rÇahd
T‰iw vGJf :
bo
1. jhtu§fË‹ xË¢nr®¡if ÃfœÉ‰F NÇa xË Äfî« mtáakhdJ.
Éil: rÇ.
2. xËia¢ br‰ifahf cÄG« bghU£fŸ ïa‰if xË _y§fŸ vd¥gL«.
Éil: jtW. rÇahd T‰W : xËia ïa‰ifahf cÄG« bghU£fŸ ïa‰if xË_y§fŸ
a
vd¥gL«.
myF 1
3. gLfâU¡F«, F¤J¡ nfh£o‰F« ïil¥g£l nfhz« gLnfhz« vd¥gL«.

ur
Éil: rÇ.
4. xËia¢ j‹ tÊna KGtJkhf mDkâ¡fhj bghU£fŸ xË CLUî« bghU£fŸ
vd¥gL«.
.s
Éil: jtW. rÇahd T‰W : xËia¤ j‹ tÊna KGtJ« mDkâ¡F« bghU£fŸ xË

CLUî« bghU£fŸ vd¥gL«.
IV.
bghU¤Jf :
w
1. 1. jhtu§fŸ m. Ãah‹ És¡F

2. cËÇ xË®jš M. FHš És¡F
w
3. bra‰if xË _y« ï. xË¢nr®¡if

4. òw Cjh¡ fâ®fŸ <. Ä‹ÄÅ¥ ó¢á
[Éil: 1-(ï); 2-(<); 3-(m); 4-(M)]
w
2.
1. NÇaÅ‹ ïa¡f« m. rkjs Mo
2. bgÇ°nfh¥ M. ÉÇfâ®fŸ
3. ~ãshZ xË ï. _‹W ïy£r« ».Û
4. xËÆ‹ ntf« <. nrhnyh»uhã
[Éil: 1-(<); 2-(m); 3-(M); 4-(ï)]

V. RU¡fkhf ÉilaË :
1. rªâuÅlÄUªJ eh« v›thW xËia¥ bgW»‹nwh«?
Éil: (i) rªâu‹ e‹F xËia¤ jU« _y« MF«.
(ii) Mdhš, rªâu‹ jhkhfnt xËia cÄG« _y« mšy.
(iii) mJ NÇaÅlÄUªJ xËia¥ bg‰W, ã‹ mjid¥ óÄ¡F¥ ãuâgÈ¡»wJ.
(iv) eh« rªâuid¥ gh®¡F«nghJ rªâuÅ‹ xËU« xU ghâia k£Lnk fh©»nwh«.
(v) rªâuÅ‹ xU ghâ v¥bghGJ« NÇaid neh¡» mikªJ, xËia¥ bgW»wJ
om
ï›thnw rªâuÅlÄUªJ eh« xËia¥ bgW»wh«.
2. Cá¤ Jis fhÄuh - tiuaW.
Éil: Cá¤Jis fhÄuh v‹gJ xËÆ‹ ne®¡nfh£L g©ãid òÇªJ bfhŸs cjî«
vËikahd rhjd« MF«. fhÄuh bjhÊš E£g« K‹nd‰w« milahj fhy¤âš
Ãiyahd bghU£fis gl« vL¥gj‰F«, NÇa »ufz¤ij fh©gj‰F« mjid gâî
.c
brŒtj‰F« ga‹gL¤j¥g£lJ.
3. xË¡f‰iwfË‹ tiffis T¿ tif¡F xU cjhuz« jUf.
Éil: (i) ïiz¡fâ®fŸ - NÇa xË¡fâ®fŸ.
s
(ii) FÉ¡fâ® - by‹áid ga‹gL¤â FÉ¡f¥gL« fâ®
(iii) ÉÇfâ® - ~ãshZ xËÆš ïUªJ tU« fâ®fŸ.
4.
ok
xË CLUth¥ bghU£fŸ v‹whš v‹d? v.fh. jUf.
Éil: xËia j‹ tÊna KGtJkhf mDkâ¡fhj bghU£fŸ xË CLUth¥ bghU£fŸ
5.
vd¥gL«. v.fh. f£ll¢Rt®, fš, bf£o m£il.
jhÄu f«ã tl¤ijÉl xËÆiH tl« ga‹gL¤j¥gLtâ‹ fhuz« v‹d?
bo
Éil: (i) xËÆiH _y« ÄFªj M‰wš ïH¥ò ïšyhkš rÄ¡iPfis mD¥gyh«.
(ii) xËÆiH _y« mâf msî jftšfis mD¥g ïaY«.
vdnt, jhÄu f«ã¡F gâyhf xËÆiH ga‹gL¤j¥gL»wJ.
6. xËÆiHÆ‹ ga‹fŸ ahit?
a
Éil: xËÆiHfŸ nfãŸ bjhiy¤ bjhl®ò, mf‹w miy tÇir bjhl®ò rhjd§fËš
m¿Éaš
mâf msî ga‹gL¤j¥gL»wJ.
7.
ur
bkŒã«g«, khaã«g« ntWgL¤Jf.

Éil:
bkŒã«g« khaã«g«
.s
âiuÆš åœ¤j¥gL« ã«g« âiuÆš åœ¤j Koahj ã«g«

Cá¤Jis fhÄuhÉš cUthF« ã«g« MoÆš cUthF« ã«g«
8. thfd§fË‹ ã‹òw« át¥ò És¡F bghU¤j¥g£lt‰¿‹ fhuz¤ij TW?
w
Éil: (i) át¥ò Ãw« fh‰W _y¡TWfshš Fiwthd msÉš ájwo¡f¥gL»‹wd.

(ii) át¥ò ÃwkhdJ k‰w Ãw§fisÉl mâf miyÚs« bfh©lJ MF«.
(iii) vdnt, át¥ò Ãw« fh‰¿š mâf bjhiyî gaz« brŒí«.
w
VI. ã‹tU« Édh¡fS¡F ÉÇthf ÉilaË :

1. ã‹tUtdt‰iw vL¤J¡fh£Ll‹ És¡F.
w
m) bt¥g xË _y§fŸ M) thíÉw¡f xË _y§fŸ.

Éil: (m) bt¥g xË _y§fŸ : áy bghUŸfis mâf bt¥gÃiyÆš bt¥g¥gL¤J«nghJ,
mit xËia cÄH¤ bjhl§F»‹wd. mâf Nlhd ïU«ò¡ f«ã át¥ò Ãw
xËia cÄœ»wJ. v.fh. : vÇí« bkGFt¤â, bt©Rl® vÇ És¡F ngh‹wit.
(M) thíÉw¡f xË _y§fŸ : Ä‹rhu¤ij¡ Fiwªj mG¤j« bfh©l áy
thí¡fË‹ tÊna brY¤J«nghJ, m›thí¡fË‹ tÊna Ä‹Åw¡f« V‰g£L
xËia cUth¡F»wJ. v.fh. : Ãah‹ És¡F nrhoa« MÉ És¡F ngh‹wit.

2. Cá¤Jis fhÄuh mik¥ò k‰W« brašgL« Éj¤âid És¡F.
Éil: (i) Cá¤Jis fhÄuh,xËÆ‹ ne®nfh£L¥g©ãid òÇªJbfhŸs cjî« vËikahd
fUÉ.
(ii) ′O′ v‹gJ á¿a Cáahš nghl¥g£l xU Jis
MF« XY v‹gJ bghUis¡ F¿¡»wJ k‰W«
Y′X′ v‹gJ XY ï‹ ã«g¤ij¡ F¿¡»wJ.
(iii) xËahdJ ne®¡nfh£oš brštjhš, X ÈUªJ
om
tU« xË¡fâ® XO tÊahf tªJ âiuÆš X′ I
tªjil»wJ.
(iv) Y ÆÈUªJ tU« xË¡fâ® YO tÊahf tªJ
âiuÆš Y′ I tªjil»wJ.
(v) ï›thW X k‰W« Y ïilÆÈUªJ tU« fâ®fŸ
âiuÆš Y′ k‰W«X′ ït‰¿‰»ilna tªjil»‹wd. âiuÆš njh‹W« Y′X′
.c
v‹gJ XY‹ ã«g« MF«.
(vi) âiuÆš njh‹W« Y′X′ v‹w ã«g« j‰fhÈfkhdJ âiu¡F¥ gâyhf òif¥gl¤
jf£il¥ ga‹gL¤âdhš Ãuªjukhd ã«g« ek¡F¡ »il¡F«.
s
xËÆaš
3. NÇa k‰W« rªâu »ufz§fis gl¤Jl‹ ÉtÇ.

Éil: NÇa »ufz« : NÇaD¡F« òÉ¡F« ïilna
ok
rªâu‹ R‰¿ tU«nghJ, NÇa »ufz« Ãfœ»wJ.
NÇa »ufz¤â‹nghJ, rªâuÅ‹ ÃHš MdJ,
òÉÆ‹ nkš (gl¤âš cŸsthW A ïš) ÉG»wJ.
vdnt, òÉÆš A v‹w gFâÆš ïU¥gt®fshš
NÇaid¡ fhz ïayhJ. ïJnt NÇa »ufz« vd
NÇa »ufz«
bo
miH¡f¥gL»wJ. mnjngh‹W òÉÆ‹ B k‰W« C v‹w gFâÆš (gl¤âš cŸsthW)
ïU¥gt®fshš NÇaid¥ gFâahf¡ fhz ïaY«.
rªâu »ufz« : NÇaD¡F« rªâuD¡F« ïilna
òÉahdJ ïU¡F« nghJ rªâu »ufz« Ãfœ»wJ.
a
NÇaÅlÄUªJ tU« xËia òÉahdJ jL¤J

myF 1
ÉL»wJ. vdnt, òÉÆ‹ ÃHyhdJ rªâuÅ‹ nkš

ur
ÉG»wJ. ïjdhš òÉÆÈU¥gt®fS¡F« rªâuid

KGtJkhfnth gFâahfnth fhz ïayhJ. ïJnt
rªâu »ufz«
rªâu »ufz« vd¥gL»wJ.
.s

myF¤ nj®î
w
neu« : 60 ÃÄl« kâ¥bg©fŸ : 25

I. rÇahd Éilia¤ nj®ªbjL¡f : (4 × 1 = 4)
w
1. _________ gu¥ò xËia vâbuhË¡»wJ.

m) Ú® M) FWªjfL ï) f©zho <) fš
2. ã‹tUtdt‰¿š vJ gFâ xË CLUî« bghUŸ?
w
m) f©zho M) ku« ï) Ú® <) nkf«

3. xU rkjs MoÆš gLfâ® V‰gL¤J« nfhz« 57ºC vÅš vâbuhË¥ò nfhz¤â‹
msî _________ MF«.
m) 57º M) 33º ï) 43º <) 53º
4. _________ Ãw« k‰w Ãw§fis Él mâf miy Ús« bfh©lJ.
m) Cjh M) MuŠR ï) g¢ir <) át¥ò

II. nfho£l ïl§fis Ãu¥òf : (3 × 1 = 3)
5. _________ vâbuhË¥ò MdJ bghUŸfis¡ fhz cjî»wJ.
6. _________ ga‹gL¤â NÇa xËÆš ml§»íŸs t©z§fis¥ ãÇ¡fyh«.
7. xËÆ‹ ne®¡nfh£L¥ g©ãid¡ f©l¿ªjt® _________ Mth®.
III. Ñœ¡fhQ« T‰WfŸ rÇah, jtwh vd MuhŒf. T‰W jtW vÅš,
rÇahd T‰iw vGJf : (3 × 1 = 3)
8. Cá¤Jis fhÄuhÉš njh‹W« ã«g« ne®khW ã«g« MF«.
om
9. rkjs Mo xË CLUthj bghUŸ MF«.
10. NÇaD¡F« óÄ¡F« ïilÆš rªâu‹ R‰¿ tU«nghJ rªâu»ufz« V‰gL»wJ.
IV. ã‹tU« Édh¡fSŸ vitnaD« IªJ Édh¡fS¡F RU¡fkhf
ÉilaË¡fî« : (5 × 2 = 10)
11. vâbuhË¥ò Éâfis vGJf?
.c
12. ÃHšfË‹ g©òfŸ eh‹»is vGJf.
13. mtrufhy C®âfËš AMBULANCE v‹w th®¤ij ty ïlkhf kh‰¿
vGj¥goU¥gj‹ fhuz« v‹d?
s
14. ÃHš v‹whš v‹d?
15. bghU¤Jf.
I.
II.
III.
jhtu§fŸ
cÆÇ xË®jš
bra‰if xË _y«
ok
- m) Ãah‹ És¡F
- M) FHš És¡F
- ï) xË¢ nr®¡if
bo
1V. òwCjh¡ fâ®fŸ - <) Ä‹ÄÅ¥ ó¢á
16. rªâu »ufz« v›thW V‰gL»wJ?
17. xËÆiHÆ‹ ga‹fŸ ahit?
V. ã ‹ t U « Édh¡fSŸ vitnaD« xU ÉdhÉ‰F ÉÇthf
a
ÉilaË¡fî«:
m¿Éaš
(1 × 5 = 5)
18. ã‹tUtdt‰iw tiuaW¡f
ur
i. gLfâ® ii. vâbuhË¥ò¡ fâ®

iii. F¤J¡nfhL iv. gLnfhz«
19. xË c£òF« âwid¡ bfh©L bghU£fis tif¥gL¤Jf.
.s
ÉilfŸ
I. 1. ï) R©zh«ò 2. ï) nkf«
w
3. m) 57º 4. <) át¥ò

II. 5. xG§fhd 6. K¥g£lf¤âid
7. mš-Ar‹ Aa¤j«
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III. 8. jtW. Cá¤Jis fhÄuhÉš njh‹W« ã«g« bkŒ ã«g« MF«.

9. rÇ
10. jtW. NÇaD¡F« óÄ¡F« ïilÆš rªâu‹ R‰¿ tU«nghJ NÇa »ufz«
w
V‰gL»wJ.
IV. 11. ghlüš Édh v©. V š 1. 12. ghlüš Édh v©. V š 8.
13. ghlüš Édh v©. V š 15. 14. ghlüš Édh v©. V š 24.
15. TLjš Édh v©. IV š (1). 16. TLjš Édh v©. V š 8.
17. TLjš Édh v©. V š 10.
V. 18. ghlüš Édh v©. VI š 7. 19. TLjš Édh v©. VI š 4.

om
7M« tF¥ò
.c
_‹wh«
s
gUt« ok
r_f
a bo
m¿Éaš
ur
.s
w
w
w
353
om
.c
r_f m¿Éaš
s
tuyhW
m¡g® myF 1
myF 2
myF 3
ok
òâa rka¡ fU¤J¡fS« ïa¡f§fS«355-362
jÄœeh£oš fiyí« f£ll¡ fiyí«363-370
jÄHf¤âš rkz«, bgs¤j«, MÓtf¤ 371-379
bo
j¤Jt§fŸ
òÉÆaš
myF 1 f©l§fis MuhŒjš - tl mbkÇ¡fh 380-392
a
k‰W« bj‹ mbkÇ¡fh

myF 2 Ãytiugl¤ij f‰w¿jš393-401
ur
myF 3 ïa‰if ïl®fŸ ngÇl® nkyh©ik 402-410

elto¡iffis òÇªJ bfhŸsš
.s
FoikÆaš
myF 1 bg©fŸ nk«ghL411-417
w
myF 2 rªij k‰W« Ef®nth® ghJfh¥ò418-424

myF 3 rhiy¥ ghJfh¥ò425-431
w
bghUËaš
myF 1 tÇ k‰W« mj‹ K¡»a¤Jt«432-439
w

orders@surabooks.com 354 Ph: 9600175757 / 8124201000

tuyhW
myF
1 òâa rka¡ fU¤J¡fS« ïa¡f§fS«
om
kâ¥ÕL
.c
I. rÇahd Éilia¤ nj®ªbjL¡fî«,
1. Ñœ¡fh©gtUŸ ah® j‹id jhŒ anrhjhthf ghÉ¤J¡ bfh©L »UZzÅ‹ nkš
ghlšfis¥ òidªJŸsh®?
s
m) bghŒif Mœth® M) bgÇahœth®
ï) e«khœth® <) M©lhŸ [Éil: M) bgÇahœth®]
2.
3.
ï) e«khœth®
ok
m¤itj« vD« j¤Jt¤ij nghâ¤jt® ah®?
m) ïuhkhD#® M) ïuhkheªj®
<) Mâ r§fu® [Éil: <) Mâ r§fu®]
bo
g¡â¢ áªjidia xU k¡fŸ ïa¡fkhf tl ïªâahÉš gut¢ brŒjt® ah®?
m) tšygh¢rhÇah® M) ïuhkhD#®
ï) ïuhkheªj® <) N®jh° [Éil: ï) ïuhkheªj®]
4. á°o mik¥ig ïªâahÉš ãugykh¡»at® ah® ?
a
m) bkhŒDÔ‹ á°o M) Ruth®o

ï) mÛ® F°U <) Ã#hKâ‹ mîÈah
[Éil: m) bkhŒDÔ‹ á°o]
ur
5. Ó¡»a®fŸ j§fË‹ Kjš FU vd ahiu¡ fUJ»‹wd®?

m) nydh M) FU mÛ® á§
ï) FU ehd¡ <) FU nfhÉª á§ [Éil: ï) FU ehd¡]
.s
II. nfho£l ïl§fis Ãu¥òf.

1. bgÇahœthÇ‹ bjhl¡ffhy¥ bga® _______. [Éil: ÉZQ á¤j®]
w
2. Ó¡»a®fË‹ òÅjüš _______ MF«. [Éil: .FU »uª¤rh»¥]

3. ÛuhghŒ _______ v‹ghÇ‹ Óluhth®. [Éil: uÉjh°]
4. _______ v‹ghÇ‹ j¤Jt« ÉáZlh¤itj« vd m¿a¥gL»wJ. [Éil: ïuhkhD#®]
w
5. j®gh® rh»¥ FU¤thuh gh»°jhÅ‹ _______ v‹w ïl¤âš mikªJŸsJ.

[Éil: f®jh®ó®]
III. bghU¤Jf. Éil:
w
1. ghfš fÕ® FU nfhÉª á§

2. ïuhkrÇjkhd° ïuhkhD#® Jsájhr®
3. $itZzt« m¥Jš t»¤ mòeÍ¥ ïuhkhD#®
4. »uªjtË FU nfhÉª á§ fÕ®
5. Ruth®o Jsájhr® m¥Jš t»¤ mòeÍ¥

RuhÉ‹  r_f m¿Éaš  7 M« tF¥ò  _‹wh« gUt«
IV. 1. rÇahd ïizia¤ / ïizfis¤ nj®ªbjL¡fî«.
1. M©lhŸ - âUÉšÈò¤ö®
2. J¡fhuh« - t§fhs«
3. irj‹anjth - kfhuhZouh
4. ãu«k N¤âu« - tšygh¢rhÇah®
5. FU¤thuh¡fŸ - Ó¡»a®fŸ
[Éil: 1) M©lhŸ - âUÉšÈò¤ö®, 5) FU¤thuh¡fŸ - Ó¡»a®fŸ]
om
2. T‰W : FU nfhÉª á§»‰F¥ ã‹d® òÅj üyhd FU »uª¤ rh»¥ FUthf¡
fUj¥g£lJ.
fhuz« : FU »uª¤ rh»¥ üiy¤ bjhF¤jt® FU nfhÉª á§.
m) fhuz«, T‰¿‹ rÇahd És¡fkšy. M) fhuz«, T‰iw rÇahf És¡F»wJ.
ï) T‰W rÇ, fhuz« jtW. <) T‰W, fhuz« ïu©L« jtW.
.c
[Éil: ï) T‰W rÇ, fhuz« jtW]
3. bghUªjhjij¡ f©Lão.
s
bghŒif Mœth®, ój¤jhœth®. bgÇahœth®, M©lhŸ , e«khœth®. [Éil: M©lhŸ]
V.
1.
2.
rÇah? jtwh? fh©.
ok
ï°yhÄa¥ g©ghL gut NãÆ[« fhuzkhÆ‰W. [Éil: jtW]
ïil¡fhy¤â‹ bjhl¡f¤âš e‹f¿a¥g£oUªj á°o mik¥ig¢ rh®ªj Nã, Ã#hKÔ‹
mîÈah v‹gtuhth®. [Éil: rÇ]
bo
3. FUehd¡, Ó¡»a®fË‹ Kjš FUthf¡ fUj¥gL»wh®. [Éil: rÇ]
4. flîis cŒ¤Jzu cz®áfukhd g¡âí« ÔÉu âahdKnk rh¤âa« vd Nã¡fŸ
e«ãd®. [Éil: rÇ]
tuyhW
5. mo¥gil jÄœ irt¥ òÅj üšfŸ 12 MF«. [Éil: rÇ]

a
VI. FW»a ÉilaË.

ur
1. âUKiw g‰¿ ÚÉ® m¿tJ v‹d?

Éil:1. eha‹kh®fË‹ ghlšfŸ mid¤J« irt¥òÅj üšfshd âUKiwÆ‹
mo¥gilahf cŸsJ.
.s
2. âUKiw 12 üšfis¡ bfh©LŸsJ.

myF 1
2. eha‹kh®fŸ bkh¤j« v¤jid ng®? mt®fËš K¡»akhndh® aht®?

Éil: eha‹kh®fŸ bkh¤j« 63 ng®. mt®fËš K¡»akhndh® Phdr«gªj®, m¥g®, Rªju®
w
(K«_®¤âfŸ vd miH¡f¥gLgt®fŸ) Mth®.

3. Ó¡»a kj¤ij¤ njh‰WÉ¡f FUehd¡ v›Éj« cjÉdh®?
w
Éil:1. flîŸ totk‰wt® vd¡ FU ehd¡ nghâ¤jh®, j‹id¥ ã‹g‰Wnth® mikâ¡fhfî«,

åL ng‰¿‰fhfî« flîis Ãid¤J âahd« brŒí«go T¿dh®.
2. mt® Ó¡»a®fË‹ Kjš FUthf¡ fUj¥gL»wh®. ntj¢ rl§FfŸ, rhâ¥ ghFghLfŸ
w
M»ait ÛJ mt® bgU« btW¥ò« bfh©oUªjh®.

3. FUehd¡»‹ nghjidfns gâidªjh« ü‰wh©o‹ ã‰gFâÆš ÃWt¥g£l Ó¡»a
kj¤â‹ _y¡nfh£ghlhf mikªjJ.
4. g©lÇòu« Énjhgh nfhÉY¡F, J¡fhu« v›Éj« gÂah‰¿dh®?
Éil: ÉZQÉ‹ mtjhukhd Énjhgh F¿¤J mt® ïa‰¿a M‹Ûf¥ ghlšfS¡fhfnt
(mg§fh mšyJ Ñ®¤jidfŸ) mt® e‹F m¿a¥g£oUªjh®. t§fhs¤â‰F irj‹a
njt® v›Éjnkh mij¥ngh‹nw kfhuhZouhî¡F J¡fhuh« És§F»wh®.

5. fÕÇ‹ rka¡fU¤J¡fŸ ÑœÃiy rhâfis¢ rh®ªnjhU¡F V‰òilajhÆ‰W v‹gij
K‹Åiy¥gL¤J.
Éil:1. fÕÇ‹ fU¤J¡fŸ ïªJ r_f¤âš F¿¥ghf ÑœÃiy rhâfis¢ nr®ªnjh®¡F
V‰òilajhŒ mikªjd.
2. gšntW rka¥ãÇîfŸ flîS¡F bt›ntW bga®fisí«, tot§fisí«
bfhL¤âUªjhY« flîŸ xUtnu v‹W« totk‰wt® v‹W« fÕ® e«ãdh®.
3. rka«, rhâ, bršt« M»at‰¿‹ mo¥gilÆyhd ghFghLfis mt® f©ld«
om
brŒjh®. bghUs‰w rl§F Kiwfisí« mt® f©ld« brŒjh®.
VII. ÉÇthd ÉilaË.
1. bj‹Åªâa k‰W« tl ïªâa¥ gFâfËš g¡â ïa¡f¤â‰F rh‹nwh® gyuJ g§fË¥ãid¥
g‰¿¡ TW.
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Éil: jÄHf¤âš g¡â ïa¡f«:
1. g¡â ïa¡f¤ij¤ bjhl§»it¤j itzt g¡â moah®fshd Mœth®fS« átid
tÊgL« irt®fshd eha‹kh®fS« jÄœbkhÊÆš g¡â¥ghlšfis ïa‰¿ j§fŸ
s
flîs®fS¡F¢ rk®¥ã¤jd®.
g¡â ïa¡f¤â‹ ts®¢á¡F¤ jh§fŸ brŒj g§fË¥ã‹ fhuzkhŒ ïu©L Mœth®fŸ
òâa rka¡ fU¤J¡fS« ïa¡f§fS«

2.
3. ok
jÅ¤Jt« ÄFªJ fhz¥gL»‹wd®.
Mâr§fu® mšyJ r§fuh¢rhÇah® (Vw¤jhH ».ã. 700 - 750) m¤itj« vD«
j¤Jt¤ij¥ nghâ¤jtuhth®. Phd¤ij¥ bgWtj‹ tÊahf éth¤kh gukh¤khîl‹
( ãu«kh) ïizí« v‹gnj ï¤j¤Jt¤â‹ rhukhF«.
bo
4. gâbdh‹wh« ü‰wh©il¢ nr®ªj itzt¤ âU¤bjh©luhd uhkhD#® Äfî«
bršth¡Fbg‰w itzt¢ áªjidahs® Mt®.
5. 16, 17 M« ü‰wh©LfËš itzt rka« ïªâah beL»Y« guÉaJ.
m) tl ïªâahÉš g¡â ïa¡f« :
a
1. 14- M« k‰W« 15- « ü‰wh©LfËš tl ïªâahÉš ïªJ rka¤ jiyt®fŸ ï°yh«

F¿¤J ïU ntWg£l fU¤J¡fis bfh©L ïUªjd®.
ur
2. ïU ãÇÉdU« ï°yhik vâ®bfh©L braš M‰¿d®.

3. xU ãÇÉd® ï°yhik gÇnthL mQ»d®. k‰bwhU ãÇÉd® gifik ghuh£od®.
M) g¡â ïa¡f¢ rh‹nwh®fŸ :
.s
1. tl ïªâahÉš g¡â ïa¡f¤ij k¡fŸ ïa¡fkhf kh‰¿at® ïuhkeªj® Mth®.

2. tšygh¢rhÇah® kJuhî¡F mUnf nfht®j‹ F‹WfËš »UZz gfthD¡F xU
nfhÉiy mik¤jh®.
w
3. N®jh° ï¡nfhÉš k‰W« M¡uh nfhÉnyhL« bjhl®òilatuht®.

4. ÛuhghŒ »UZz gfthÅ‹ ÔÉu g¡ijahth®. ït® uÉjh° v‹gtÇ‹ Ól® Mth®.
w
ït® jdJ g#id¥ ghlšfŸ _y« ãugykhdh®.

irj‹a njt® jdJ ghlšfŸ k‰W« eld§fŸ _y« »UZz tÊ¥gh£il
r_f m¿Éaš
5.
ãugykh¡»dh®.
w
6. JsájhrÇ‹ ïuhkáÇjkhd° v‹w üš ïuhkÇ‹ fijia g‰¿ajhF«. ït‰¿š

cŸs ghlšfŸ ï‹W« bjhl®ªJ ghl¥gL»‹wd.
2. NãÆ[« v‹whš v‹d? mJ ïªâahÉš v›Éj« jl« gâ¤jJ?
Éil:1. NãÆ[« Nã vD« brhš R¥ v‹D« brhšÈš ïUªJ njh‹¿aJ MF«. mj‹
bghUŸ f«gË MF«.
2. Nã¡fŸ brhu brhu¥ghd Ku£L¡ f«gËahyhd cilfis mÂªjjhš Nã¡fŸ vd
miH¡f¥g£ld®.

3. NãÆ[« mo¥gilÆš ï°yhÄa¤ij¢ nr®ªjjhf ïUªjhY« mj‹ÛJ ïªJ
bgs¤j (kfhahd) rka¡ fU¤J¡fË‹ jh¡f¤ij¥ bg‰¿UªjJ.
4. klhya thœ¡ifia x¤j Jwî thœit nk‰bfh©l Nã¡fŸ rKjha¤â‰F btËna
brašg£ld®.
5. áªJit muhãa® if¥g‰¿a fhy¤âš NãÆ[« ïªâahÉ‰FŸ ghj« gâ¤jJ.
6. nahf¥ gÆ‰á, njh‰w mikîfŸ, ïªâa ïir, eld« M»at‰iwí« NãÆ[« if¡
om
bfh©lJ.
7. NãÆ[¤ij ã‹g‰¿nah® ï°yh«, ïªJ M»a ïU rka§fisí« nr®ªjt®fshf
ïUªjd®.
3. ïªâa r_f¤âš g¡â ïa¡f« v›Éj¤ jh¡f¤ij V‰gL¤âaJ?
Éil: ïªâa r_f¤âš g¡â ïa¡f¤â‹ jh¡f« :
.c
1. ïªJ rka¤â‰F¥ ò¤JÆ® C£l¥g£lJ. mjdhš mJ ï°yhÄ‹ jh¡FjšfËÈUªJ
fh¡f¥g£lJ.
2. g¡â ïa¡f« rhkhÅa k¡fË‹ ïa¡fkhF«. m›Éa¡f« jdJ g¡â ïy¡»a§fis
s
vGj m«k¡fË‹ bkhÊiana¥ ga‹gL¤âaJ.
3. ïªâa bkhÊfŸ ts®tj‰fhd ïl¤ij g¡â ïa¡f« V‰gL¤â¡ bfhL¤jJ.
4.
5.
Mjuthš j¡fit¡f¥g£lJ. ok
rÇit rªâ¤J¡ bfh©oUªj rk°»Uj bkhÊ ïªJ muRfË‹ mur®fŸ eš»a
ï¡fhy¥ gFâÆš cÆ®Jo¥òl‹ És§»a xnu gHikahd bkhÊ jÄœ k£Lnk.

Mdhš jÄœ ïy¡»a¤â‹ bghJ¥g©ò ïil¡fhy¤âš kh¿É£lJ.
bo
6. g¡â ïa¡f¡ nfh£ghLfË‹ jh¡f¤â‹ ÉisthŒ mJ rka§fS¡F« ika
ïy¡»a§fS¡F« K¡»a¤Jt« bfhL¡f¤ bjhl§»aJ.
tuyhW
7. rhâ Kiwí« r_f V‰w¤jhœîfS« Ék®rd§fS¡F cŸshÆd.

a
VIII. ca® áªjid Édh :

1. ï°yh¤â‹ fL« vâ®¥igí« Û¿ ntj ïªJ kj¤ij g¡â ïa¡f« ghJfh¤jJ v‹gij
ur
MuhŒf.
Éil:1. gâdh‹fh« gâidªjh« ü‰wh©LfËš tl ïªâahÉš ïªJ rka¤ jiyt®fŸ
ï°yh« F¿¤J ïU ntWg£l fU¤J¡fis¡ bfh©L ïUªjd®.
.s
2. xU FGÉd® ï°yhÄš vJ áwªjnjh mij V‰W¡bfh©ld®.

myF 1
3. Vidnah® ï°yh« kj¤â‰F rka« kh¿¢ brštij¤ jL¡F« bghU£L áy

tÊKiwfis¡ ifah©ld®.
w
4. tl ïªâahÉš g¡â¢ áªjidia k¡fŸ ïa¡fkhf kh‰¿at® ïuhkheªj® Mth®.

5. tšygh¢rhÇah®, N®jh°, ÛuhghŒ, irj‹a njth, Jsájhr®, J¡fhuh« ngh‹nwh®
g¡â ïa¡f¢ rh‹nwh®fË‹ K¡»akhdt®fŸ Mth®.
w
6. ïªJ rka¤â‰F¥ ò¤JÆ® C£l¥g£lJ. mjdhš mJ ï°yhÄ‹ jh¡FjšfËš

ïUªJ fh¡f¥g£lJ.
g¡â ïa¡f« ïªâa bkhÊfŸ ts®tj‰fhd ïl¤ij V‰gL¤â¡ bfhL¤jJ.
w
7.
8. ãuhªâa bkhÊfËš ïy¡»a¢ brašghLfS¡F mJ cªJ r¡âahŒ mikªjJ.
9. rÇit¢ rªâ¤J¡ bfh©oUªj rk°»Uj bkhÊ ïªJ muRfË‹ mur®fŸ eš»a
Mjuthš j¡fit¡f¥g£lJ.

TLjš Édh¡fŸ
I rÇahd Éilia¤ nj®ªbjL¡fî«.
1. ïªJ¡fS« ï°yhÄaU« flîis bt›ntW bga®fËš miH¤jhY« ïU¥gJ xnubahU
flîŸ k£Lnk vd ________ T¿íŸsh®.
m) fÕ® M) FUehd¡ ï) AÇjhr® <) Jsá jhr®
om
[Éil: ï) AÇjhr®]
2. tl ïªâahÉš g¡â¢ áªjidia xU k¡fŸ ïa¡fkhf kh‰¿at® ________ Mth®.
m) ïuhkheªj® M) tšygh¢rhÇah®
ï) N®jh° <) Jsá jhr® [Éil: m) ïuhkheªj®]
3. ________ ïš yhTU¡F mUnf xU »uhk¤âš FUehd¡ ãwªjh®.
.c
m) 1459 M) 1469 ï) 1479 <) 1489 [Éil: ï) 1469]
4. ________ ü‰wh©oš kfhuhZouhÉš thœªj J¡fhuh« fÉPU« âU¤bjh©lUkhth®.
m) gâdhwh« M) gândHh« ï) gâbd£lh« <) g¤bjh‹gjh«
s
[Éil: M) gândHh«]
5. gâbdh‹wh« ü‰wh©il¢ nr®ªj itzt¤ âU¤bjh©luhd ________ Äfî« bršth¡F

II.
bg‰w itzt¢ áªjidahs® Mth®.
m) Mâr§fu® M) ïuhkhD#®

nfho£l ïl§fis Ãu¥òf.
ok ï) fÕ® <) ïuhkheªj®
[Éil: M) ïuhkhD#®]
bo
1. e«khœth® mt® ïa‰¿a ________ g¤âfis¡ bfh©l âUthŒ bkhÊahš òfœ bg‰wh®.
[Éil: 1102]
2. 4000 ghlšfis ehyhÆu« â›Éa¥ ãugªj« v‹D« bgaÇš ________ bjhF¤JŸsh®.
[Éil: ehjKÅ]
a
3. ________, ________ M»a ïu©L« M©lhË‹ òfœbg‰w fÉij üšfshF«.

[Éil: âU¥ghit, eh¢áah® âUbkhÊ]
ur
4. âUKiw ________ üšfis¡ bfh©LŸsJ. [Éil: 12]

5. ________ vD« üY¡F r§fu® vGâa ciuna mt® M‰¿a gÂfËš rhy¢ áwªjjhF«.
[Éil: ãu«k N¤âu«]
6. ÉZQÉ‹ ÛJ« mtÇ‹ ïizahd y£RÄÆ‹ ÛJ« ïuhkhD#® bfh©oUªj g¡âbe¿
.s
________ v‹wiH¡f¥gL»wJ. [Éil: $ itZzt«]

7. nkth® eh£o‹ g£l¤J ïsturÇ‹ kidÉahd ________ »UZz gfthÅ‹ ÔÉu g¡ij
Mth®. [Éil: ÛuhghŒ]
w
8. irj‹a njt® jdJ gutr_£L« ghlšfŸ fË¥ó£L« eld§fŸ _y« ________

tÊgh£il¥ ãugykh¡»dh®. [Éil: »UZz]
9. Nã vD« brhš ________ vD« brhšÈš ïUªJ njh‹¿ajhF«. [Éil: R¥]
w
10. ïªâa bkhÊfŸ ts®tj‰fhd ïl¤ij ________ V‰gL¤â¡ bfhL¤jJ.

r_f m¿Éaš
[Éil: g¡â ïa¡f«]

III. bghU¤Jf.
w
1. bkhŒDÔ‹ á°o m) Õfh®

2. ã®bjËá M) â›a ãugªj«
3. ïuhkhD#® ï) õÇ¥j®fŸ
4. 12 Mœth®fŸ <) e«ã M©lh® e«ã
5. eha‹kh®fË‹ ghlšfŸ c) ÉáZlh¤itj«
[Éil: 1-ï, 2-m, 3-c, 4-M, 5-<]

IV. 1. rÇahd ïizia¤ / ïizfis¤ nj®ªbjL¡fî«.
1. ïuhk eªj® - thuzhá
2. FUehd¡ - f®jh®ó®
3. ïªâah - f®jh®ó®
4. N®jh° - N®rhf®
5. tšygh¢rhÇa® - N®rhf®
[Éil: 1) ïuhk eªj® - thuzhá, 2) FUehd¡ - f®jh®ó®, 4) N®jh° - N®rhf®]
om
2. T‰W : ïuhkhD#® K‹it¤j¤ j¤Jt« tÎZlh¤itj« MF«.
fhuz« : M¤khthdJ ãu«k¤Jl‹ fyªj ã‹dU« jd¡fhd milahs¤ij¤
j¡fit¤J¡ bfhŸ»wJ vd ï¤j¤Jt« m¿É¤jJ.
m) T‰W rÇ fhuz« jtW.
M) T‰W« fhuzK« jtW.
ï)
.c
fhuz« T‰iw rÇahf És¡F»wJ.
<) fhuz« T‰¿‹ rÇahd És¡fkšy. [Éil: ï) fhuz« T‰iw rÇahf És¡F»wJ]
V. rÇah? jtwh?
s
1. Mœth®fËš M©lhŸ k£Lnk bg©ghš Mœthuhth®. [Éil: rÇ]
2. òfœbg‰w rk°»Uj¡ fšÉ ikakhf És§»a fhŠáòu¤âš bj‹fiy itzt«
3.
4.
brÊ¤njh§»aJ.
ok [Éil: jtW]
tšygh¢rhÇah® kJuhî¡F mUnf nfht®j‹ F‹WfËš »UZz gfthD¡F xU
nfhÉiy mik¤jh®. [Éil: rÇ]
ïil¡fhy ïªâahit¢ nr®ªj Nã¡fŸ ïu©L K¡»a mik¥ãduhf¥ ãÇ¡f¥g£oUªjd®.
bo
[Éil: jtW]
5. FUehd¡»‹ g¡j®fŸ j®krhiyfŸ vd¥gL« XŒî ÉLâfËš x‹W Tod®.
[Éil: rÇ]
tuyhW
VI. FW»a ÉilaË.

a
1. itzt moah®fË‹ (12) bga®fis¡ TWf.

Éil: itzt moah®fŸ 12 nguhF«. mt®fË‹ bga®fŸ,
ur
1. bghŒif Mœth® 2. ój¤jhœth®

3. ngahœth® 4. âUkÊirahœth®
5. bgÇahœth® 6. bjh©luo¥ bgho Mœth®
.s
7. âUk§if Mœth® 8. âU¥g© Mœth®

myF 1
9. Fynrfu Mœth® 10. e«khœth®

11. kJu fÉ Mœth® 12. M©lhŸ
w
2. Mâr§fu® - F¿¥ò vGJ.

Éil:1. Mâr§fu® m¤itj« vD« j¤Jt¤ij¥ nghâ¤jtuhth®.
w
2. Phd¤ij¥ bgWtj‹ tÊahf éth¤kh gukh¤khîl‹ ïizí« v‹gnj

ï¤j¤Jt¤â‹ rhukhF«.
3. mt® g¤Çeh¤, óÇ, Jthufh, áU§nfÇ M»a ïl§fËš kl§fis ÃWÉdh®.
w
4. g¡â ïa¡f¤â‹ ÛJ ftd« bfhŸshj r§fu® ntjkuòfis Û£blL¡F« Ka‰áfËš

M®t« bfh©lh®.
3. ÉáZlh¤itj« TW« j¤Jt« ahJ?
Éil: ïuhkhD#® K‹it¤j¤ j¤Jt« ÉáZlh¤itj« MF«. M¤khthdJ ãu«k¤Jl‹
fyªj ã‹dU« jd¡fhd milahs¤ij¤ j¡f it¤J¡ bfhŸ»wJ vd ï¤j¤Jt«
m¿É¤jJ.

4. g¡â ïa¡f¢ rh‹nwh®fË‹ bga®fis TWf.
Éil: g¡â¢ áªjidia xU k¡fŸ ïa¡fkhf kh‰¿a ïuhkh eªj®, bjY§F j¤JtPhÅahd
tšygh¢rhÇah®, gh®it¤âw‹ m‰wtUkhd N®jh°, »UZz gfthÅ‹ ÔÉu g¡ij
ÛuhghŒ, k‰W« irj‹a njt® Jsá jhr® KjÈnah® Mth®.
5. fÕÇ‹ ghlšfŸ vªj bkhÊÆš vGj¥g£lJ?
Éil: fÕÇ‹ ghlšfŸ ngh{òÇ bkhÊnahL cUJ bkhÊ fyªJ vGj¥g£litahF«.
om
6. fhšrhÉ‹ cW¥ãd®fŸ v›thW ïU¡f nt©L«?
Éil: fhšrhÉ‹ cW¥ãd® x›bthUtU« IªJ jÅ¤j‹ikfis¡ bfh©oU¡f nt©L«.
mit nfZ (bt£l¥glhj Ko), f‹fh (áif¡nfhš), »®gh‹ (FWthŸ), flh (ïU«ò¡ fh¥ò)
f¢nruh (clÈ‹ ÑœgFâÆš mÂí« cŸshil) M»adthF«.
.c
1. FUehd¡»‹ thœ¡if tuyhW«, mtUila nghjidfisí« TWf.
Éil: FUehd¡»‹ bjhl¡ffhy thœ¡if :
s
1. 1469 ïš yhTU¡F mUnf xU »uhk¤âš ãwªj FUehd¡ FHªij¥ gUt¤ânyna
Vida rh‹nwh®fËl« rka« bjhl®ghd fyªJiuahlšfŸ brŒtâš M®t«

2.
3.
fh£odh®.
bfh©ld®. ok
mtUila bg‰nwh®fŸ mtiu ïašghd cyf thœ¡ifÆš <LgL¤Jtâš m¡fiw
Mdhš mtnuh M‹Ûf¤â‹ ÛJ kd¢rhŒî bfh©oUªjh®.

bo
4. gy òÅj¤ jy§fS¡F¢ br‹W tªj mt® ïWâÆš yhTU¡fUnf f®jh®óÇš
Fona¿dh®.
5. m§nfna mt® 1539 ïš ïa‰if vŒâdh®.
FUehd¡»‹ nghjidfŸ :
a
1. flîŸ totk‰wt® vd FUehd¡ nghâ¤jh®.

2. j‹id¥ ã‹g‰Wnth® mikâ¡fhfî«, åL ng‰¿‰fhfî« flîis Ãid¤J âahd«
ur
brŒí«go T¿dh®.

.s
myF¤ nj®î
neu« : 1 kÂ kâ¥bg© : 25
w
I rÇahd Éilia¤ nj®ªbjL¡fî«. (3 × 1 = 3)

w
1. m¤itj« vD« j¤Jt¤ij nghâ¤jt® ah®?

r_f m¿Éaš
m) ïuhkhD#® M) ïuhkheªj®
ï) e«khœth® <) Mâ r§fu®
w
2. g¡â áªjidia xU k¡fŸ ïa¡fkhf tl ïªâahÉš gut¢ brŒjt® ah®?

m) tšygh¢rhÇah® M) ïuhkhD#®
ï) ïuhkheªj® <) N®jh°
3. á°o mik¥ig ïªâahÉš ãugykh¡»at® ah®?
m) bkhŒDÔ‹ á°o M) Ruth®o
ï) mÛ®F°U <) Ã#hKâ‹ mîÈah

1. Ó¡»a®fË‹ òÅj üš _______ MF«.
2. ÛuhghŒ ________ v‹gtÇ‹ Óluhth®.
3. j®gh® rh»¥ FU¤thuh. gh»°jhÅ‹ _______ v‹w ïl¤âš mikªJŸsJ.
III. bghU¤Jf. (4 × 1 = 4)
1. ghfš m) fÕ®
om
2. ïuhkrÇjkhd° M) ïuhkhD#®
3. $ itZzat« ï) Jsá jhr®
4. »uªjtË <) FU nfhÉª á§
IV. 1. rÇahd ïizia¤ / ïizfis¤ nj®ªbjL¡fî«. (2 × 1 = 2)
.c
1. M©lhŸ - âUÉšÈò¤ö®
2. J¡fhuh« - t§fhs«
3. irj‹anjth - kfhuhZouh
4. ãu«k N¤âu« - tšygh¢rhÇah®
s
5. FU¤thuh¡fŸ - Ó¡»a®fŸ
2.

fUj¥g£lJ.
ok
T‰W : FU nfhÉª á§»‰F¥ ã‹d® òÅj üyhd FU »uª¤ rh»¥ FUthf¡
fhuz« : FU »uª¤ rh»¥ üiy¤ bjhF¤jt® FU nfhÉª á§.

m) fhuz«, T‰¿‹ rÇahd És¡fkšy. M) fhuz«, T‰iw rÇahf És¡F»wJ.
ï) T‰W rÇ, fhuz« jtW. <) T‰W, fhuz« ïu©L« jtW.
bo
V. rÇah? jtwh? (2 × 1 = 2)
1. FUehd¡ Ó¡»a®fË‹ Kjš FUthf¡ fUj¥gL»wh®.
tuyhW
2. mo¥gil jÄœ irt¥ òÅj üšfŸ 12 MF«.

a
VI. FW»a ÉilaË. (3 × 2 = 6)

1. âUKiw g‰¿ ÚÉ® m¿tJ v‹d?
ur
2. eha‹kh®fŸ bkh¤j« v¤jid ng®?

3. g©lÇòu«, Énjhgh nfhÉY¡F J¡fhuh« v›Éj« gÂah‰¿dh®?
VII. ÉÇthf ÉilaË¡fî« : (1 × 5 = 5)
.s
1. NãÆ[« v‹whš v‹d? mJ ïªâahÉš v›Éj« jl« gâ¤jJ?

myF 1
ÉilfŸ
w
I) 1. <) Mâ r§fu® 2. M) ïuhkheªj® 3. m) bkhŒDÔ‹ á°o

II) 1. FU»uªrh»¥ 2. uÉjh° 3. f®jh®ó®
III) 1. 1-<, 2-ï, 3-M, 4-m
w
IV) 1. 1. M©lhŸ - âUÉšÈò¤ö®, 5. FU¤thuh¡fŸ - Ó¡»a®fŸ

2. (ï) T‰W rÇ, fhuz« jtW
V) 1. rÇ 2. rÇ
w
VI) 1. gh®¡f RuhÉ‹ ifnaL ò¤jf Édh VI - 1

2. gh®¡f RuhÉ‹ ifnaL ò¤jf Édh VI - 2
VII) 1. gh®¡f RuhÉ‹ ifnaL ò¤jf Édh VII - 2

myF
2 jÄœeh£oš fiyí« f£ll¡ fiyí«
om
kâ¥ÕL
I. rÇahd Éilia¤ nj®î brŒf.
1. bj‹ÅªâahÉš cŸs Äf¥gHikahd f£Lkhd¡ nfhÉš vJ?
m) fl‰fiu¡ nfhÉš M) k©lf¥g£L
.c
ï) ifyhrehj® nfhÉš <) itFªjbgUkhŸ nfhÉš
[Éil: m) fl‰fiu¡ nfhÉš]
2. khkšyòu¤âYŸs Ãidî¢ á‹d§fS« nfhÉšfS« íbd°nfhthš v¥nghJ
s
m§ÑfÇ¡f¥g£lJ?
m) 1964 M) 1994 ï) 1974 <) 1984 [Éil: <) 1984]
3.
ï) ãufhu§fŸ
ok
K‰fhy¢ nrhH® f£ll¡fiyÆ‹ áw¥g«r« ahJ?
m) òil¥ò¢ á‰g§fŸ M) Ékhd§fŸ
<) nfhòu§fŸ [Éil: M) Ékhd§fŸ]
bo
4. mH»a e«ã nfhÉš v§fikªJŸsJ?
m) âU¡FW§Fo M) kJiu
ï) âUbešntÈ <) âUÉšÈò¤ö® [Éil: m) âU¡FW§Fo]
5. itF©l bgUkhŸ nfhÆiy¡ f£oat® ah®?
a
m) knfªâut®k‹ M) euá«kt®k‹
ï) uh#á«k‹ <) ïu©lh« uh#uh#‹
ur
[Éil: *) ïu©lh« eªât®k‹]

1. gšyt mur® knfªâut®kdhš Kj‹KjyhŒ f£l¥g£l Filtiu¡ nfhÉš _______ v‹w
.s
ïl¤âš cŸsJ. [Éil: k©lf¥g£L]

2. K‰fhy nrhH® f£ll¡fiy _______ ghÂia¥ ã‹g‰¿aJ. [Éil: br«ãa‹ kfhnjÉ]
3. kJiu Ûdh£áa«k‹ nfhÉÈš cŸs Äfî« òfœbg‰w k©lg« _______ MF«.
w
[Éil: òJk©lg«]
4. ã‰fhy nrhH® fhy« bghÈîÄ¡f _______ bga®bg‰wJ. [Éil: nfhòu§fS¡F]
5. É#aefu fhy f£ll¡fiyÆ‹ jÅ¤Jt milahs« _______ MF«.
w
[Éil: k©lg§fŸ]
III. bghU¤Jf. Éil:
w
1. VG nfhÉšfŸ kJiu fl‰fiu¡nfhÉš

2. ïuâk©lg« jhuhRu« âU¡FW§Fo
3. IuhtÔ°tu®nfhÉš âU¡FW§Fo jhuhRu«
4. Mâehj® nfhÉš fl‰fiu¡nfhÉš Mœth® âUefÇ
5. òJk©lg« Mœth® âUefÇ kJiu

IV.
1. jtwhd ïizia¡ fh©f.
1. »UZzhòu« nfhÉš - âUbešntÈ
2. TlyHf® nfhÉš - Mœth® âUefÇ
3. nrJgâfŸ - kJiu eha¡f muá‹ á‰wur®fŸ
4. #yf©nl°tu® nfhÉš - ntÿ®[Éil: 2) TlyHf® nfhÉš - Mœth® âUefÇ]
om
2. T‰W : ïuhnk°tu« nfhÉÈ‹ áw¥òÄ¡f ãufhu§fŸ e« ftd¤ij <®¥gjhŒ
mikªJŸsd.
fhuz« : cy»nyna Äf Úskhd nfhÉš ãufhu§fis ï¡nfhÉš bfh©LŸsJ.
m) fhuz«, T‰iw És¡fÉšiy M) fhuz«, T‰iw És¡F»‹wJ
ï) T‰W rÇ, fhuz« jtW <) T‰W, fhuz« ïu©L« jtW
[Éil: M) fhuz«, T‰iw És¡F»‹wJ]
.c
âUÉšÈò¤ö® mHf®nfhÉš, $u§f«, fhŠáòu«, âUt©zhkiy [Éil: $u§f«]
s
4. ã‹tU« fhy¤â‰F¥ bgaÇLf.
m) ».ã. 600 - 850 - gšyt® fhy«
5.
M) ».ã. 850 - 1100
ï) ».ã. 1100 - 1350
<) ».ã. 1350 - 1600
-
-
-
ok
K‰fhy nrhH®fŸ fhy«
ã‰fhy nrhH®fŸ fhy«
É#aefu / eha¡f® fhy«
bo
rÇahd th¡»a§fis¡ f©Lão.
1. Äf¥bgU« fU§fš ghiwÆ‹ ÛJ òil¥ò¢ á‰gkhf m®¢Rd‹ jtÄU¡F« fh£á
brJ¡f¥g£LŸsJ.
2. gšyt®fhy f£ll¡fiy¥ ghÂÆš kJiu Ûdh£á m«k‹ nfhÉš mikªJŸsJ.
tuyhW
3. ãŸisah®g£oÆYŸs Fif¡ nfhÉš ã‰fhy gh©oaÇ‹ g§fË¥ghF«.

a
4. kJiu eha¡f muá‹ á‰wur®fshd nrJgâfŸ kJiu Ûdh£á m«k‹ nfhÉY¡F áwªj
g§fË¥ig¢ brŒJŸsd®.
ur
[Éil: 1) Äf¥bgU« fU§fš ghiwÆ‹ ÛJ òil¥ò¢ á‰gkhf m®¢Rd‹

jtÄ¡F« fh£á brJ¡f¥g£LŸsJ, 3) ãŸisah®g£oÆYŸs Fif¡ nfhÉš
ã‰fhy gh©oaÇ‹ g§fË¥ghF«]
.s
V. rÇah? jtwh?
myF 2
1. ïuh#á«k‹ fhŠá ifyhrehj® nfhÆiy¡ f£odh®. [Éil: rÇ]

2. K‰fhy gh©oa®, ã‰fhy¢ nrhHÇ‹ rkfhy¤jt® Mt®. [Éil: jtW]
w
3. gh©oa¡ f£ll¡fiyÆ‹ áw¥g«rkhŒ âfœtJ Filtiu k‰W« f£Lkhd¡ nfhÉšfŸ

MF«. [Éil: rÇ]
4. ãufÔ°tu® nfhÉš ïuhn#ªâu nrhHdhš f£l¥g£lJ. [Éil: rÇ]
w
5. jhjhòu« nfhÉÈš É#aefu k‰W« eha¡f® fhy XÉa§fis¡ fhzKoí«. [Éil: jtW]
VI. FW»a ÉilaË.
w
1. gŠrgh©lt ïuj« g‰¿ F¿¥ò tiuf.

Éil:1. jÄœ âuhÉl nfhÉš f£ll¡ fiy kuã‰F kfhgÈòu¤âYŸs x‰iw¡ fšÈš
brJ¡f¥g£LŸs gŠr gh©lt ïuj§fŸ v‹W miH¡f¥gL«. âbusgâ ïuj«,
j®kuh#h ïuj«, Õk uj«, m®¢Rd ïuj«, eFy, rfhnjt ïuj« M»ad áwªj
vL¤J¡fh£Lfshf¤ âfœ»‹wd.
2. ïuj§fËš F¿¥ghf m®¢Rd, Õk, j®kuh#h ïuj§fË‹ btË¥g¡f¢ Rt®fŸ khl¡
FÊfshY« ótÂ ntiy¥ghLfshY« my§fÇ¡f¥g£LŸsd.

2. á¤j‹dthrš XÉa§fŸ g‰¿¡ TWf.
Éil:1. òJ¡nfh£ilÆÈUªJ 15 »nyh Û£l® bjhiyÉš mikªJŸsJ á¤j‹dthrš.
á¤j‹dthrš rkz¤ JwÉfŸ thœªj FifahF«.
2. mt®fŸ Fif¢ Rt®fËš rhªJóá, <u« fhŒtj‰F K‹dnu XÉa§fis¤
Ô£oíŸsd®.
3. m§FŸs jhkiu¤ jlhf XÉa« mj‹ Äf¢áwªj t®z§fË‹ ga‹gh£o‰F«
fh£áfŸ á¤jÇ¡f¥g£LŸs ne®¤â¡fhfî« òfœ bg‰wjhF«.
om
4. jhkiu ky®fŸ, Fsbk§F« ÚÇš guÉ¡»l¡F« ïiyfŸ, Fs¤âš fhz¥gL« ahid,
vUik, m‹d¥gwit k‰W« ó¡fis¥g¿¡F« xU kÅj‹ vd ÉÇí« m›nthÉa¡
fh£á áw¥ghf mikªJŸsJ.
5. á¤j‹dthrš XÉa§fŸ m#ªjh XÉa§fSl‹ áy x¥òikfis¥ bg‰WŸsd.
.c
3. jŠir bgÇa nfhÉÈ‹ áw¥g«r§fis¡ F¿¥ãLf.
Éil:1. jŠrhñ® bgÇa nfhÉš mJ f£l¥g£l nghJ xU bgÇa nfhÉš tshfnk ïUªjJ.
2. mj‹ Ékhd« 216 mofŸ cau« bfh©ljhF«.
s
3. cyf¤âš kÅjdhš f£l¥g£l Äf caukhd áfu§fËš mJî« x‹W.
4. Äfî« caukhf mikªâU¥gjhš mj‹ áfu« j£áz nkU v‹W miH¡f¥gL»wJ.
ok
5. ï§FŸs 16 mo ÚsK« 13 mo cauK« bfh©l Äf¥bgÇa eªâÆ‹ áiy xnu
jÄœeh£oš fiyí« f£ll¡ fiyí«

ghiwÆš brJ¡f¥g£ljhF«.
4. ïuhnk°tu« nfhÉš e« ftd¤ij <®¡F« Éj¤ij¡ TWf.
Éil:1. ïuhnk°tu« nfhÉÈ‹ áw¥òÄ¡f ãufhu§fŸ e« ftd¤ij <®¥gjhŒ mikªJŸsd.
bo
2. cy»nyna Äfî« Úskhd nfhÉš ãufhu§fŸ ïitna vd¢ brhšy¥gL»wJ.
3. ï¡nfhÉš _‹W ãufhu¢ R‰W¡fis¡ bfh©LŸsJ.
4. nfhÉÈ‹ btË¥ ãufhu¤ij¤ jh§» Ã‰F« 1200¡F« nk‰g£l ö©fŸ jÅ¢áw¥ò
bfh©ljhF«.
a
5. nkY« _‹W ãufhu§fËš c£òw« mikªJŸs ãufhunk Äf¥ gHikahdjhF«.

ur
1. gšyt® fhy¤âš nfhÉš f£ll¡fiy Filtiu¡ nfhÉšfŸ vD« ÃiyÆÈUªJ

f£Lkhd¡ nfhÉšfŸ vD« kh‰w¤â‰F cŸshdJ És¡Ff.
Éil:1. gšyt® fhy¤âš nfhÉš f£ll¡fiy Filtiu¡ nfhÉšfŸ vD« ÃiyÆÈUªJ
.s
f£Lkhd¡ nfhÉšfŸ vD« kh‰w¤â‰F cŸshdJ.

2. Filtiu¡ nfhÉšfŸ Ã®khÂ¡F« nghJ KjÈš xU kiyÆ‹ ghiw¥ gu¥ãÈUªJ
njit¥gL« tot¤âš xU gFâ bt£l¥g£L« brJ¡f¥g£L« jÅbahU ghiwahf
w
M¡f¥gL«.
3. ã‹d® m¥ghiwna Fila¥g£L nfhÉyhf totik¡f¥gL«.
4. Filtiu¡ f£ll¡ fiy¡F K‹ndhoahf¤ âfœªjt® gšyt mur® knfªâut®k‹
w
Mth®. (v.fh) k©lf¥g£L. ï¡nfhÉÈ‹ K‹òw« ïu©L ö©fŸ mikªJŸsd.

r_f m¿Éaš
5. Filtiu¡ nfhÉšfŸ mid¤âY« ã‹òw¢ Rt‰¿š brJ¡f¥g£l xU fUtiwiaí«

mj‰F K‹ghf xU K‹ndh¡»a k©lg¤ijí« bfh©LŸsd.
w
6. k©lg¤â‹ ïU g¡f§fËY« Jthughyf®fŸ áiyfŸ ïl« bg‰WŸsd.

7. ».ã. 700¡F¥ ã‹d® Filtiu¡ nfhÉšfŸ kiwªJ bgÇa toÉyhd f£Lkhd¡
nfhÉšfŸ f£l¥gLtj‰F tÊÉ£lJ.
8. kfhgÈòu¤âš mikªJŸs fl‰fiu¡ nfhÉšfŸ gšyt mur® ïu©lh«
euá«kt®kdhš f£l¥g£lit MF«.
9. ïit bj‹ÅªâahÉ‹ Äf¥ gHikahd f£Lkhd¡ nfhÉšfshF«.
10. ïu©lh« euá«kt®k‹ v‹w gšyt k‹d‹ fhŠá ifyhrehj® nfhÉiy¡
f£LÉ¤jh®.
11. fhŠáòu¤âYŸs itF©l¥ bgUkhŸ nfhÉš ïu©lh« eªât®kdhš f£l¥g£lJ.
12. kfhgÈòu¤âYŸs VG nfhÉš Filtiu¡ nfhÉšfshf mik¡f¥glhkš,
bt£obaL¡f¥g£l f‰fis¡ bfh©L f£l¥g£lJ.
2. É#aefu, eha¡f® fhy f£ll¡fiyahdJ gšyt® k‰W« ã‰fhy nrhH® f£ll¡fiyÆÈUªJ
v›Éj« ntWgL»wJ vd Éthâ¡fî«.
Éil:1. gâidªjh« ü‰wh©L Kjš gândHh« ü‰wh©L tiuÆyhd É#aefu, eha¡f
om
f£ll¡ fiyÆ‹ K¡»a¡ TWfshf âfœgit.
2. mHT£l¥g£l k©lg§fŸ, my§fÇ¡f¥g£l ö©fŸ, ïa‰if tot msÉyhd
áiyfŸ, nfhòu§fŸ, ãufhu§fŸ, ïir¤ö©fŸ, ky® my§fhu ntiyghLfŸ,
fšyhš Md rhsu§fŸ M»adthF«.
3. nkY« nfhÉšfnshL nr®ªJ bj¥g¡Fs§fŸ mik¡f¥g£ld.
4. nfhÉšfS¡fhd EiHthÆšfŸ eh‹F òw§fËY« Äf¥bgU« nfhòu§fSl‹
.c
f£l¥g£ld.
gšyt® fhy á‰g§fŸ :
1. ghiw Filtiu¡ nfhÉšfËš FiffË‹ Rt®fŸ flîs®fË‹ òil¥ò¢ á‰g§fshš
s
my§fÇ¡f¥g£LŸsd.
2. f£Lkhd¡ nfhÉšfis bghU¤jk£oY« fUtiwÆ‹ Rt®fËš my§fhu
ntiy¥ghLfŸ fhz¥glÉšiy.
ok
3. khwhf fUtiwÆ‹ nkYŸs f£Lkhd§fËY« ö©fËY« á‰g§fŸ ïl«
bg‰WŸsd.
ã‰fhy¢ nrhH®fŸ :
bo
1. ã‰fhy¢ nrhH®fŸ f£oa nfhÉšfŸ bgÇa tshfkhf ïUªJŸsJ. mj‹ Ékhd«
(jŠrhñ® bgÇa nfhÉš) 216 mofŸ cau« bfh©lit.
2. cyf¤âš kÅjdhš f£l¥g£l Äf caukhd áfu§fËš ïJî« x‹W.
tuyhW
3. jŠir bgÇa nfhÉÈ‹ fUtiwia¥ nghynt ïu©L mL¡Ffis bfh©LŸsJ

a
f§if bfh©l nrhHòu«.

4. khl¡FÊfËš flîs®fË‹ tot§fŸ ïl«bg‰WŸsd.
ur
5. fUtiwÆY« ö©fËY« òuhz, ïâfhr¡ fjhgh¤âu§fŸ á‰WUt§fshf¢

brJ¡f¥g£LŸsd.
VIII. ca® áªjid Édh.
.s
1. âuhÉl¡ f£ll¡fiy cŸeh£oš njh‹¿aij És¡Ff.

myF 2
Éil:1. âuhÉl¡ f£ll¡fiy e«k©Âš ãwªjjhF«. fhy¥ngh¡»š gÇzhk¢ brašgh£o‹

tÊahŒ m¡fiy nk«ghL milªjJ.
w
2. jÄœ âuhÉl¡ f£ll¡ fiyÆ‹ kuã‰F kfhgÈòu¤âYŸs VHh« ü‰wh©il¢ nr®ªj

fhy¤âš Kªija Filtiu¡ nfhÉšfns vL¤J¡fh£LfshF«.
3. ».ã. VHh« ü‰wh©L¡F Kªija Ãidî¢ á‹d§fŸ bj‹ÅªâahÉÈšiy.
w
mj‰F Kªija nfhÉšfŸ ku¤jhš f£l¥g£oU¡f nt©Lbkdî« mj‹ fhuzkhf

ïa‰if r¡âfshš mÊî¡F cŸsh» ïU¡fyh« vdî« m¿P®fŸ TW»‹wd®.
4. jÄœeh£oš nfhÉš fiyÆ‹ ts®¢á¡F gšyt, nrhH, É#aefu, eha¡f mur®fŸ
tH§»a g§fË¥òfŸ Äfî« mâf«.
w
5. ïJ Kj‹ikahf ïªJ nfhÉšfis¡ bfh©LŸsJ. mj‰F K¡»a fhuz« ca®ªj

nfhòu« k‰W« bgÇa nfhÆšfŸ ngh‹wit.
6. nfhÉš f£ll¤â‹ _‹W ghÂfËš x‹whf ò¤jf¤âš F¿¥ãl¥g£LŸsJ.
7. âuhÉl¡ f£ol¡ fiy¡F nru®fŸ, nrhH®fŸ, gh©oa®fŸ, gšyt®fŸ, fl«g®fŸ,
rhS¡»a®fŸ k‰W« É#aef® k‹d®fŸ g§fË¤jd®.

2. nfhÆšfiy ts®¢áahdJ eha¡f® fhy¤âš áwªnjh§»aJ v‹gij bjËîgL¤Jf.
Éil: nfhÉšfË‹ ts®¢áahdJ eha¡f® fhy¤âš áwªJ És§»aJ :
1. á‰g§fnshL Toa khl¡FÊfis mik¡F« gH¡f« eha¡f® fhy¤âY« bjhl®ªjJ.
2. bgÇa tot§fËyhd òil¥ò¢ á‰g§fis mik¡F« Kiw mâfÇ¤jJ v‹gij
âUbešntÈ kht£l« âU¡FW§Fo mH»ae«ã nfhÉš, âUtu§f« u§fehj®
nfhÉš tshf¤âš mikªJŸs nfhghy»UZz nfhÉš M»at‰¿š fhz Koí«.
3. Mœth® âUefÇÆš Mâehj® nfhÉÈYŸs bj‰FÉHh k©lg«, âUbešntÈ
om
bešiya¥g® nfhÉÈ‹ Kf¥ãš nk‰Tiuíl‹ mikªJŸs òFKf k©lg«
M»ait F¿¥ãl¤jFªj vL¤J¡fh£LfshF«.
TLjš Édh¡fŸ
.c
I rÇahd Éilia¤ nj®î brŒf.
1. gšyt k‹d® _________ fhŠá ifyhrehj® nfhÉiy¡ f£LÉ¤jh®.
m) ïu©lh« eªât®k‹ M) ïu©lh« euá«kt®k‹
s
ï) ïu©lh« uh#uh#‹ <) knfªâut®k‹
[Éil: M) ïu©lh« euá«kt®k‹]
2.
ok
Filtiu¡ nfhÉš fUtiwÆ‹ ïUòw¤âY« _________ áiyfŸ mik¡f¥g£LŸsd.

m) NÇa‹ M) ãu«kh ï) ru°tâ <) Jthughyf®
[Éil: <) Jthughyf®]
3. òJ¡nfh£ilÆÈUªJ 15 »nyh Û£l® bjhiyÉš mikªJŸsJ _________.
bo
m) r§fu‹ nfhÉš M) á¤j‹d thrš
ï) âUkiyòu« <) jhjhòu« [Éil: M) á¤j‹d thrš]
4. jŠrhñ® bgÇa nfhÉÈ‹ Ékhd« (f®¥g »uf¤âš nkYŸs f£Lkhd«) _________ mofŸ
a
cau« bfh©ljhF«.
m) 216 M) 217 ï) 218 <) 219 [Éil: m) 216]
ur
5. jhuhRu¤âš cŸs IuhtÔ°tu® nfhÆš _________ murdhš f£l¥g£LŸsJ.

m) ïu©lh« uh#uh#‹ M) uhn#ªâu nrhH‹
ï) É#ahya nrhH‹ <) uh#uh#‹ [Éil: m) ïu©lh« uh#uh#Ÿ]
.s
1. Filtiu¡ nfhÉšfŸ mik¡F« Kiw _________ ¡F¥ ã‹d® kiwªJ bgÇa toÉyhd
f£Lkhd¡ nfhÉšfŸ f£l¥gLtj‰F tÊÉ£lJ. [Éil: ».ã. 700]
w
2. ïuj§fË‹ btË¥g¡f Rt®fŸ khl¡FÊfshY« _________ ntiy¥ghLfshY«

my§fÇ¡f¥g£LŸsd. [Éil: ótÂ]
3. K‰fhy¥ gh©oa®fŸ gšyt®fË‹ _________ fhy¤jtuht®. [Éil: rk]
4. fUtiwÆš cgnah»¤j Ú® btËna bršy _________ mik¡f¥g£LŸsJ.
w
[Éil: fhšthí«]
r_f m¿Éaš
5. K‰fhy¢ nrhH®fË‹ nfhÉš f£ll¡ fiy¡F jÄœeh£oš â©otd¤â‰F mUnfíŸs

_________ cŸs nfhÉiy¡ F¿¥ã£L¢ brhšyyh«. [Éil: jhjhòu«]
w
III. bghU¤Jf.
1. gšyt® fhy« m) ».ã. 1600 ¡F ã‹d®
2. K‰fhy¢ nrhH®fŸ M) ».ã. 1100 - 1350
3. ã‰fhy¢ nrhH®fŸ ï) ».ã. 1350 - 1600
4. É#aefu / eha¡f® fhy« <) ».ã. 600 - 850
5. eåd fhy« c) ».ã. 850 - 1100
[Éil: 1-<, 2-c, 3-M, 4-ï, 5-m]
IV.
1. jtwhd ïizia¡ fh©f.
1. Mœth® âUefÇ - Mâehj®
2. kJiu - Ûdh£á Rªjnu°tu®
3. âU¡FW§Fo - f‰gf Édhaf®
4. âUtu§f« - u§fehj® nfhÉš
[Éil: 3) âU¡FW§Fo - f‰gf Édhaf®]
om
2. T‰W : F«gnfhz¤â‰F mUnfíŸs jhuhRu¤âš ã‰fhy¢ nrhH®fË‹ nfhÉš
cŸsJ.
fhuz« : ï¡nfhÉš gh©oa®fË‹ f£ll¡ fiy¡F áwªj milahskhF«.
m) fhuz«, T‰iw És¡fÉšiy. M) fhuz«, T‰iw És¡F»‹wJ
ï) T‰W rÇ, fhuz« jtW. <) T‰W fhuz« ïu©L« jtW.
.c
[Éil: ï) T‰W rÇ, fhuz« jtW]
[Éil: kJiu]
s
ntÿ®, â©L¡fš, âUbešntÈ, jŠrhñ®, kJiu
4. rÇahd th¡»a§fis¡ f©Lão.
1.
2.
3.
4.
ok
Filtiu¡ f£ll¡ fiy¡F K‹ndhoahf âfœªjt® knfªâut®k‹ Mth®.
jŠirÆš cŸs itF©l¥ bgUkhŸ nfhÉš ïu©lh« eªât®kdhš f£l¥g£lJ.
1984 ïš khkšyòu¤âYŸs fl‰fiu nfhÉš tshf« íbd°nfhthš m§ÑfÇ¡f¥g£lJ.
âUbešntÈ bešiya¥g® nfhÉš gh©oa® f£ll¡fiy¥ gÂia¥ giwrh‰W«
bo
vL¤J¡fh£L MF«.
[Éil : 1) Filtiu¡ f£ll¡ fiy¡F K‹ndhoahf
âfœªjt® knfªâut®k‹ Mth®, 2) jŠirÆš cŸs itF©l¥ bgUkhŸ
nfhÉš ïu©lh« eªât®kdhš f£l¥g£lJ, 3) 1984 ïš khkšyòu¤âYŸs
tuyhW
fl‰fiu¡ nfhÉš tshf« íbd°nfhthš m§ÑfÇ¡f¥g£lJ]

a
IV. rÇah? jtwh?

1.
ur
».ã. VHh« ü‰wh©L¡F Kªija Ãidî¢ á‹d§fŸ bj‹ÅªâahÉš ïUªjJ.

[Éil: jtW]
2. f£ol¡ fiyÆ‹ gÇzhk ts®¢á IªJ f£l§fshf eilbg‰WŸsJ. [Éil: rÇ]
3. K‰fhy¥ gh©oa®fŸ gšyt®fË‹ rk fhy¤jtuht®. [Éil: rÇ]
.s
4. átÈ§fkhdJ fUtiwÆ‹ ika¤âš, R‰¿Y« nghJkhd ïl« Él¥g£L ÃWt¥glÉšiy.

myF 2
[Éil: jtW]
5. fUtiwÆ‹ ïUòw¤âY« Jthughyf® áiyfŸ mik¡f¥g£LŸsd. [Éil: rÇ]
w
V. FW»a ÉilaË.
1. gšyt® fhy¤âš nfhÉš f£ll¡fiy v›thW ïUªjJ?
w
Éil:1. gšyt® fhy¤âš nfhÉš f£ll¡fiy Filtiu¡ nfhÉšfŸ vD« ÃiyÆÈUªJ

f£Lkhd¡ nfhÉšfŸ vD« kh‰w¤â‰F cŸshdJ.
2. Filtiu¡ nfhÉšfŸ Ã®khÂ¡F« nghJ KjÈš xU kiyÆ‹ ghiw¥gu¥ãÈUªJ
w
njit¥gL« tot¤âš xU gFâ bt£l¥g£L« brJ¡f¥g£L« jÅbahU ghiwahf

M¡f¥gL«.
3. ã‹d® m¥ghiwna brJ¡f¥g£L« Fila¥g£L« nfhÉyhf totik¡f¥gL«.
2. VG nfhÉšfŸ - F¿¥ò tiuf.
Éil: VG nfhÉšfŸ vd miH¡f¥gL« kfhgÈòu¤âš mikªJŸs fl‰fiu¡ nfhÉšfŸ
gšyt mur® ïu©lh« euá«kt®kdhš vG¥g¥g£lit MF«. mit bj‹ÅªâahÉ‹
Äf¥gHikahd f£Lkhd¡ nfhÉšfshF«.

3. kJiu mj‹ R‰Wt£lhu¥ gFâfËš mfœªbjL¡f¥g£l áiyfŸ j‰nghJ v§FŸsd?
Éil: kJiu mj‹ R‰Wt£lhu¥ gFâfËš mfœªbjL¡f¥g£l K‰fhy¥ gh©oa® fhy¤ij
nr®ªj áiyfŸ j‰nghJ kJiuÆYŸs âUkiy eha¡f® mU§fh£áaf¤âš
fh£á¥gL¤j¥g£LŸsd.
4. fGFkiy bt£Lth‹ nfhÉš g‰¿ áWF¿¥ò tiuf.
Éil:1. x‰iw¡fšÈš brJ¡f¥g£l nfhÉY¡F, Äf¢ áwªj vL¤J¡fh£L fGFkiyÆš
cŸs K‰W¥bgwhj bt£Lth‹ nfhÉyhF«.
om
2. fGFkiyÆš mikªJŸs x‰iw¡fš nfhÉyhd bt£Lth‹ nfhÉš xU bgU«
ghiwÆ‹ eh‹F òw§fËÈUªJ« brJ¡» mik¡f¥g£ljhF«.
3. nfhÉÈ‹ c¢áÆš ckh knf°tu®, j£ázh_®¤â, ÉZQ, ãu«kh M»nahÇ‹
á‰g§fŸ fhz¥gL»‹wd.
5. ã‰fhy¢ nrhH®fŸ fhy¤âš f£l¥g£l c‹djkhd nfhÉšfŸ g‰¿¡ Twî«.
.c
Éil:1. jŠrhñÇY«, f§if bfh©l nrhHòu¤âY« mikªJŸs ïu©L c‹djkhd
nfhÉšfŸ nrhH®fË‹ f£ll¡fiy Kâ®¢áia¥ ãuâgÈ¡»‹wd.
2. Vw¤jhH ».ã. 1009 ïš f£o Ko¡f¥g£l jŠrhñÇYŸs át‹ nfhÉš uh#uh#‹
s
fhy¤J bršt bgU¡f¢ rhjidfS¡F¥ bghU¤jkhd Ãidî¢ á‹dkhF«.
ok

1. É#aefu mur®fË‹ M£á¡fhy¤âš xU òâa toÉyhd f£ll« f£L« Kiw v›thW
cUthdJ?
Éil:1. É#aefu mur®fË‹ M£á¡fhy¤âš xU òâa toÉyhd f£ll« f£L« Kiw
bo
cUthdJ.
2. nfhÉšfËš k©lg§fŸ f£l¥g£ld.
3. x›bthU M©L« flîs®fË‹ âUîUt¢áiyfŸ k©lg§fËš fh£á¥gL¤j¥g£ld.
4. nfhÉY¡F btË¥òw¤âš f£l¥g£l ö©fSl‹ Toa ï«k©lg§fŸ bghJ
Ãfœ¢á¡fhf cUth¡f¥g£litahF«.
a
5. nfhÉY¡F »H¡nf bghJk¡fŸ TLtj‰fhf¡ f£l¥g£l ï«k©lg§fŸ bgh‰Fl¤â‰F

bgh£L it¤jh‰nghš nfhÉY¡F nkY« mHF nr®¤jd.
ur
6. k©lg¤âYŸs x‰iw¡fhš ö©fŸ ftd¤ij <®¥gjhf mikªJŸsd.

7. ï¤ö©fËš FâiufŸ, á§f§fŸ k‰W« flîs®fË‹ á‰g§fŸ ïl« bg‰WŸsd.
8. fhŠáòu« tujuh# bgUkhŸ nfhÉš, ntÿÇYŸs #yf©nl°tu® nfhÉš
.s
M»at‰¿YŸs fšahz k©lg§fŸ F¿¥ãl¤jFªj vL¤J¡fh£LfŸ MF«.

9. ï«k©lg§fSŸ Äfî« òfœ bg‰wJ kJiu nfhÉÈš mikªJ cŸs
òJk©lgkhF«.
w

myF¤ nj®î
w
r_f m¿Éaš
neu« : 1 kÂ kâ¥bg© : 25

w
I rÇahd Éilia¤ nj®î brŒf. (3 × 1 = 3)

1. bj‹ÅªâahÉš cŸs Äf¥gHikahd f£Lkhd¡ nfhÉš vJ?
m) fl‰fiu¡ nfhÉš M) k©lf¥g£L
ï) ifyhrehj® nfhÉš <) itFªj bgUkhŸ nfhÉš
2. K‰fhy¢ nrhH® f£ll¡fiyÆ‹ áw¥g«r« ahJ?
m) òil¥ò¢ á‰g§fŸ M) Ékhd§fŸ
ï) ãufhu§fŸ <) nfhòu§fŸ
3. mH»a e«ã nfhÉš v§fikªJŸsJ?
m) âU¡FW§Fo M) kJiu
ï) âUbešntÈ <) âUÉšÈò¤ö®
1. K‰fhy nrhH® f£ll¡fiy _________ ghÂia¥ ã‹g‰¿aJ.
2. kJiu Ûdh£áa«k‹ nfhÉÈš cŸs Äfî« òfœbg‰w k©lg« _________ MF«.
om
3. ã‰fhy nrhH® fhy« bghÈî Ä¡f _________ bga® bg‰wJ.
III. bghU¤Jf. (4 × 1 = 4)
1. VG nfhÉšfŸ m) âU¡FW§Fo
2. ïuâ k©lg« M) jhuhRu«
3. IuhtÔ°tu® nfhÉš ï) Mœth® âUefÇ
.c
4. Mâehj® nfhÉš <) fl‰fiu nfhÉš
IV. rÇahd th¡»a§fis¡ f©Lão. (1 × 1 = 1)
s
1. Äf¥bgU« fU§fš ghiwÆ‹ ÛJ òil¥ò¢ á‰gkhf m®¢Rd‹ jtÄU¡F« fh£á
brJ¡f¥g£LŸsJ.
V.
1.
2.
rÇah? jtwh? ok
2. gšyt® fhy f£ll¡fiy¥ ghÂÆš kJiu Ûdh£á m«k‹ nfhÉš mikªJŸsJ.
ïuh#á«k‹ fhŠá ifyhrehj® nfhÆiy¡ f£odh®?

K‰fhy gh©oa® ã‰fhy¢ nrhHÇ‹ rkfhy¤jt® Mth®.
(3 × 1 = 3)
bo
3. fUtiwÆ‹ ïUòw¤âY« Jthughyf® áiyfŸ mik¡f¥g£LŸsd.
VI. FW»a ÉilaË. (3 × 2 = 6)
tuyhW
1. gŠr gh©lt ïuj« g‰¿ F¿¥ò tiuf.

a
2. á¤j‹d thrš XÉa§fŸ g‰¿¡ TWf.

3. jŠir bgÇa nfhÉÈ‹ áw¥g«r§fis F¿¥ãLf.
ur
VII. ÉÇthf ÉilaË¡fî« : (1 × 5 = 5)

1. gšyt® fhy¤âš nfhÉš f£ol¡fiy Filtiu¡ nfhÉšfŸ vD« ÃiyÆÈUªJ
f£Lkhd¡ nfhÉšfŸ vD« kh‰w¤â‰F cŸshdJ. És¡Ff.
.s
myF 2
ÉilfŸ
w
I) 1. M) k©lf¥g£L 2. M) Ékhd§fŸ 3. m) âU¡FW§Fo

II) 1. br«ãa‹ kfhnjÉ 2. 1000 fhš k©lg« 3. nfhòu§fS¡F
III) 1. 1-<, 2-m, 3-M, 4-ï
w
IV) 1. Äf¥bgU« fU§fš ghiwÆ‹ ÛJ òil¥ò¢ á‰gkhf m®¢Rd‹ jtÄU¡F« fh£á

brJ¡f¥g£LŸsJ.
V) 1. rÇ
w
2. jtW 3. rÇ
VI) 1. gh®¡f RuhÉ‹ ifnaL ò¤jf Édh VI - 1
VII) 1. gh®¡f RuhÉ‹ ifnaL ò¤jf Édh VII - 1


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jÄœ • ENGLISH • fz¡F

m¿Éaš • r_f m¿Éaš

2020-21 M« M©L¡fhd òâa ghl¤â£l¤â‹go, jahÇ¡f¥g£LŸsJ.

RuhÉ‹ khâÇ bjhF¤j¿¤nj®î Édh¤jhŸ ÉilfSl‹ bfhL¡f¥g£LŸsJ.

Our Guides for Std. IX

Our Guides for Std. X

 RuhÉ‹ jÄœ ciuüš  Sura’s English Guide

x¥òuî xGF mÂ ïy¡fz«

ïaš 1 v©Âaš 169 - 194

ïaš 4 toÉaš 243 - 264

ïaš 6 jftš brayh¡f« 281 - 288

bjhF¤j¿¤ nj®î Édh¤jhŸ 289 - 292

myF 3 jÄHf¤âš rkz«, bgs¤j«, MÓtf¤  371-379

k‰W« bj‹ mbkÇ¡fh

myF 3 ïa‰if ïl®fŸ ngÇl® nkyh©ik  402-410

myF 1 bg©fŸ nk«ghL411-417

myF 3 rhiy¥ ghJfh¥ò425-431

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nruhJ ïaštJ ehL.

brŒbjhÊš nt‰Wik ah‹. - âUtŸSt®

thí« tÆW« MirÆš ÉGªjhš

r©il r¢ruî - âd«

ïik¡F« nghâš MÆu« ngh£o

6. K‹¿š - å£o‹ K‹ ïl« (â©iz). ï§F å£il¡ F¿¡»wJ.

rÇahd Éilia¤ nj®ªbjL¤J vGJf.

1. ku« ts®¤jhš ............................ bgwyh«.

1. tŸsšfŸ vGtÇ‹ bga®fis¤ bjhF¤J vGJf.

2. ÉUªnjh«gš g©ig És¡F« fij x‹iw m¿ªJ tªJ tF¥giwÆš TWf.

<£oa bršt¤ij¡ bfh©L átdoah®fS¡F« eÈªjt®fS¡F« m‹dÄ£L

2. K‹Wiw miuadhÇ‹ fhy« ».ã. eh‹fh« ü‰wh©L.

4. gHbkhÊ eh}W gâbd©Ñœ¡fz¡F üšfSŸ x‹W.

(i) gHbkhÊ eh}W gâbd©Ñœ¡fz¡F üšfSŸ x‹W.

(iii) x›bthU ghlÈ‹ ïWâÆY« xU gHbkhÊ ïl« bg‰¿U¥gjhš ïJ

(i) gHbkhÊ eh}W üÈ‹ MáÇa® K‹Wiu miuadh® Mth®.

7. R«khL - ghu« Rk¥gt®fŸ jiyÆš it¤J¡ bfhŸS« JÂ¢RUŸ

rÇahd Éilia¤ nj®ªbjL¤J vGJf.

2. taÈš ÉisªJ K‰¿a be‰gÆ®fis ....................... brŒt®.

taY« thœî« ghlÈš cŸs nkhid, vJif¢ brh‰fis vGJf

1. cHt®fŸ v¥nghJ e©L ão¤jd®?

ïUªJ beškÂfis¥ ãÇ¤bjL¤jd®.

(iii) Kšiy Ãy k¡fŸjh‹ fy¥igÆ‹ cjÉnahL gÆ® brŒJŸsd®.

jÄH®fŸ bfh©L tªJŸsd®.

fhšeilfis ts®¤J mj‹ rhz§fis vUth¡»d®. fhšeilfis

cu§fis¥ ga‹gL¤âd®. gytifahd ó¢á¡bfhšÈ kUªJfis¥

(viii) cHî¡ fUÉfŸ, fis¥g¿¤jš, mWtil brŒjš vd všyht‰¿‰F«

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1. thŒbkhÊ ïy¡»a« - F¿¥ò tiuf.

ghL« ghlny eh£L¥òw¥ ghlš vd¥gL»wJ. ïjid thŒbkhÊ ïy¡»a« v‹W«

(i) mWtil brŒj be‰fâ®fis¡ fs¤âš mo¤J bešiy¥ ãÇ¥g®.

3. nghuo¤jš g‰¿¥ ghL« eh£L¥òw¥ ghliy vGJf.

v‹w ghlš nghuo¤jš g‰¿¡ F¿¥ãL»wJ.

`ghu« Rk¥gt®fŸ jiyÆš it¤J¡ bfhŸS« JÂ¢RUŸ’ R«khL vd¥gL«.

ïaš 1 v©Âaš 169 - 194

ïaš 4 toÉaš 243 - 264

ïaš 6 jftš brayh¡f« 281 - 288

bjhF¤j¿¤ nj®î Édh¤jhŸ 289 - 292

myF 3 jÄHf¤âš rkz«, bgs¤j«, MÓtf¤ 371-379

myF 3 ïa‰if ïl®fŸ ngÇl® nkyh©ik 402-410

myF 1 bg©fŸ nk«ghL411-417

myF 3 rhiy¥ ghJfh¥ò425-431

brŒbjhÊš nt‰Wik ah‹. - âUtŸSt®

7. R«khL - ghu« Rk¥gt®fŸ jiyÆš it¤J¡ bfhŸS« JÂ¢RUŸ

: tl¡F, »H¡F, bj‰F, nk‰F, k‰W«

Ã®thf k©ly§fË‹ bga®fŸ : tl¡F, »H¡F, bj‰F, nk‰F.

Ã®thf k©ly§fË‹ bga®fŸ : fh£gho, ntÿ®nfh£il,

khzt‹ 2 : m¥goah! Ú vGâa F¿¥ãÈUªJ vij¥ g‰¿ahtJ vd¡F¡

khzt‹ 1 : jhuhskhf¡ TW»nw‹. ctik¡ fÉP® v‹W ngh‰w¥gL«

khzt‹ 2 : ghlÈ‹ bghUis¡ TW.