WCDMA Radio

Frequency Optimization

www.huawei.com

Copyright © 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

 Foreword
 RF (Radio Frequency) optimization is the most important step to
ensure the quality of the network.

 RF optimization process and purpose

 RF optimization will solve network problems related to

neighbor cell list, coverage and interference.

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 Objectives
 Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
 Outline the steps of RF optimization

 Describe how to solve the RF problems cased by neighbor cell list,

poor coverage and interference

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 Contents
 RF Optimization Workflow

 RF optimization process and purpose

 Typical Problems Analysis in RF optimization

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RF Optimization Workflow
Start

Preparation:
 Set the optimization target
 Divide the optimization cluster
 Draw out the test route line
 Prepare the DT tools

Data Collection:
 DT test Adjustment:
 Indoor DT test  Engineering parameters adjust
 RNC configuration data  Neighbor cell list adjust

The DT result is satisfied N

Problem Analysis
with optimization target?  neighbor cell list
 poor coverage
Y  pilot pollution
 handover
RF optimization  interference
finished

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RF Optimization Workflow
 Set RF optimization target, for example:
Reference
Target Item Remark
Value
CPICH Ec/Io ≥ -12dB & RSCP ≥ -
Coverage Probability ≥95%
95dBm
CPICH Ec/Io ≥ -12dB ≥95% Scanner result
CPICH RSCP ≥
≥95% Scanner result
-95dBm
SHO Percentage 30%-40%

Pilot pollution Percentage ≤5%

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RF Optimization Workflow
 RF optimization clusters division
 Cluster is the area for one time drive test
 One cluster should contains 15 to 25 sites
 Cluster division should consider the following factor, such as:
 Terrain
 Traffic
 Route line

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RF Optimization Workflow
 Preparation for DT (drive test)
 Hardware
 Test phone
 Scanner
 GPS
 Software
 Drive test software, for example, GENEX Probe
 Drive test post process software, for example, GENEX Assistant

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 RF Optimization Workflow
 Drive test Tools ,UE’s, Scanner and GPS can be used
 The Scanner measures all used carriers/cells and their corresponding DL scrambling
codes,

 UE only measures SC signals from the cells that the system has informed/ordered
the UE through the BCH (neighbour list) or via the “measurement control” msg.
UE: Scanner:
• RSCP Active/Monitored Set • For low coverage areas
• Carrier RSSI • For Antenna Installation problems
• Ec/No Active/Monitored Set • For Missing neighbours
• UL/DL Data Throughput • For Coverage optimisation
• The BLER downlink • With Scanner you can get following info
• Random Access Initial Tx Power from the surrounding cells:
• Random Access Preamble Count & Step – Different Scrambling codes
• SIR target (UE dependent) – CPICH RSCP value (dbm)
• UE Tx Power – CPICH Ec/No value (dbm)
• Call Statistic: AMR, CS and PS data calls
• CQI
• Modulation techniques

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RF Optimization Basic Workflow
• Cluster health checks
• Drive Test KPIs
• Parameter consistency
Cluster Drive Test • Standard Acceptance Report
• Neighbour list
Analysis • Drive Survey Analysis
Preparation verification
• System Performance (RRC
• Uplink interference as a
and RAB phases)
problem indicator

• 3G<>2G Cell reselection

• RF optimisation • Neighbour Planning
RF Optimisation • New Site Integration Inter-System • Handover Process and
and Neighbour
• Neighbour plan Working and compressed mode
Planning
optimisation Optimisation • 3G ISHO service
analysis (AMR and PS)
• GSM ISHO Optimisation

• RRC Establishment
Signalling Parameter • Use of Parameters to
• RAB Establishment
optimise network
Flows • SHO Optimisation
performance
• ISHO
• HSDPA & HSUPA

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RF Optimization Basic Infromation

Active Set
Monitored Neighbor
DetectedNeighbor

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 Contents
 RF Optimization Workflow

 RF optimization process and purpose

 Typical Problems Analysis in RF optimization

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What is the purpose of RF optimization?

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Drive Test optimization Objective

C A

D
B

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Coverage and Dominance Problem

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Coverage and Dominance Problem
Block A:- The Area which is having bad
RSCP <-95dbm and poor EC/no will be
considered as poor coverage /problematic
Area.
Requirement for Analysis:- for optimizing
this we require RSCP & EC/NO plot of best
server. And RSCP Vs. EC/NO plot
•Solution:- Antenna Tilting, change of
Height of antenna
Block B:- Here the
•Increase problematic
CPICH power. Area is
having
•Antenna RSCP Type>-95dbm
change( but EC/NOwith
replace <-10dbm
High
Requirement for gainAnalysis:-
antenna) for optimizing
this•Check
we require RSCP &neighbor
any missing EC/NO plot & Cross of best
server.
Feeder
EC/NO plot for each Scrambling code.
•Solution:- Antenna Tilting, change of
Height of antenna
•Increase CPICH power of serving cell,
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Decrease CPICH of Interfering cell
 Coverage and Dominance Problem

Block C:- Here the problem is the EC/NO of 4th best

server is <6db as compared to best Server.
Requirement for Analysis:-
EC/NO plot for all serving cell in Active set and 4th
and 5th best server from either monitoring /Detected
set.
Solution:- Antenna Tilting, change of Height of
antenna
•Increase CPICH power of serving cell, Decrease
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CPICH of Interfering cell
Missing Neighbor analysis

Here we have checked

Best serving cell as per
scanner which is SC
485 but UE is latched to
SC 504 and the
neighbor from SC 504
to SC 485 is not defined
so the call drop occur
due to missing neighbor.
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Cross feeder analysis

In this Case in the

Defined coverage area
of SC 130 we are getting
coverage of 128 and in
the planned coverage of
128 we are getting
coverage of 130.
So we suspect Cross
feeder between Sector 1
Problems Caused by cross feeder can and sector 3.
be:-
1. High handover Failure.
2. High Call Drop.
3. Poor Dominance.

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Optimization principal

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Pilot pollution
When the Number of Candidates eligible of Active set becomes
greater than the active set size then Pilot pollution occurs.

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Recommendation & Solution of Pilot pollution

 perform scanning (via drive test)

 Locate pollutant area

 Do Neighbor list verification

 Remove neighbors those are not measured but are in Neighbor list

 Add missing neighbor

 Check pollutant, whether it’s from overshooting site or site nearby

 Check and Adjust physical configuration

 Check and Adjust CPICH Power

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RTWP(Received total wideband power)
 RTWP can be caused by bad weather, feeder broken,
port feeder broken, or traffic fluctuation (load).

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Time Propagation (TP)
 TP use for checking overshoot sites

 1 unit TP equals to 234m in distance.

 In HW system we check PRACH report.

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3G KPI’s

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 Contents
 Preparation of RF Optimization

 RF optimization process and purpose

 Typical Problems Analysis in RF optimization

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 Contents
 Typical Problems Analysis in RF optimization
 RF case related to neighbor cell list

 RF case related to bad coverage

 RF case related to interference

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 Case 1

 Phenomenon description
 In DT, call drop

happened at cell A

Cell B (PSC277)

Cell A (PSC58)

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Case 1
 Phenomenon description
 In Cell A, UE keeps reporting PSC 277 1A event.

 RNC received this event and send Active Set Update to UE

according to the signaling trace record

 UE send Active Set Update complete to RNC

 Then, RNC send Active Set Update to delete PSC 277 from active
set

 Finally call drop happened due to RL failure

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Case 1
 Problem Analysis
 From the signaling trace of DT, it looks like the handover is
complete successfully.

 But, according to the signaling trace from CDT, the handover failed
actually.

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Case 1
 Problem Analysis
 Signaling trace from CDT shows:

UE NodeB RNC

Measurement Report (1A Event for PSC 277)

Radio Link Setup

Radio Link Setup Response

Active set update

Active set update complete

Radio Link Failure

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Case 1
 Problem Analysis
Cell C (PSC277)
 After checking the
neighbor cell list, the
following problem is
found

 Cell C has the same Cell B (PSC277)

PSC as Cell B

Cell A (PSC58)

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Case 1
 Problem Analysis
 The neighbor cell list shows

Cell ID PSC Cell ID NCell ID

A 58 A C
B 277 C A
C 277
Missing
configuring Cell A
Mistake for
NCell (PSC58)
configuring
NCell

Cell B Cell C
(PSC277) (PSC277)

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Case 1
 Problem Analysis
 Based on the analysis above, the new NodeB is not the one of cell B,
but the one of cell C

 Even the cell C prepared resource for UE according to the RNC

command of “Radio Link Setup”, it can not find the UE uplink signal.

 That is why the “Radio Link Failure” is sent by NodeB

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Case 1
 Solution
 Change the wrong neighbor cell list

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Case 1
 Summary
 Phenomenon for wrong neighbor cell list
 From DT, radio link branch is added into active set, then deleted from
active set repeatedly.

 SHO success rate is low

 Radio link failure is low in the wrong neighbor cell, for example, cell C in
Case 1

 Call drop is high in the cell with wrong neighbor cell, for example, cell A
in Case 1

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Case 1
 Summary
 About SHO event, UE will only report PSC to RNC in Measurement
Report

 RNC will find the right cell according to the neighbor cell list
between cell ID and PSC

 This problem is mainly happened in dense urban when is PSC is

reused a lot

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Case 2
 Description

14605 (Frequency C)
Call drop rate high
14603 (Frequency A)

14602 (Frequency B) 14031 (Frequency B)

Inter-frequency handover based on capacity

Inter-frequency handover based on coverage

SHO handover

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Case 2
 Description
 UE is in Cell 14602 with frequency B

 When 14602 is in high load level, UE will be handed over to 14603

with another frequency A

 When 14603 is in high load level, UE will be handed over to 14605

with frequency C

 Because frequency A and C are not used continuously at this area,

UE has to be handed over to Cell 14031 with frequency B

 14603 and 14605 can share the load level, but the call drop rate in
14603 is very high.

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Case 2
 Analysis
 Because it’s difficult to do drive test for collecting signaling trace,
the IOS (Information of Subscriber) trace is used.

 Based on the analysis for the call dropped UE, there is one thing is
common:
 Before call drop in 14603, all UEs initiated compress mode, and send
Measurement Report to RNC periodically, but handover is not triggered.

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Case 2
 Analysis

2D Event

Compress
mode
Inter-frequency
measurement
control

Inter-frequency
Measurement
report

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Case 2
 Analysis
 Open “Inter-frequency Measurement Control”, the Cell 14605
with frequency C is put in the first place

 And in the following measurement report, UE only report Cell

14605

 But the cell 14605 cell signal level is lower than -90dBm, which
can not trigger handover, till call drop.

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Case 2
 Analysis Cell 14605 with
Frequency C
 Measurement Control

Cell 14031 with

Frequency B

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Case 2
 Analysis
 Measurement Report
Cell 14605 with
Frequency C

Cell 14605 CPICH

& Ec/Io

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Case 2
 Question
 Why the handover can not be triggered?

 Since the network give UE the information of cell 14605 and cell
14031, Why UE only report cell 14605?

 Did UE measure cell 14031, just not report it?

 Or, UE never measure cell 14031, just 14605?

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Case 2
 Analysis
 UE report cell 14605 CPICH RSCP is 19, which is -96dBm.

 After checking the RNC configuration file, this CPICH RSCP level
can not trigger inter-frequency handover

 Actually, because cell 14605 and 14603 are in one sector, their
signal level should be same.

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Case 2
 Analysis
 If UE can report cell 14031, the handover may be triggered

 After analyze the compress mode principle, it is found that UE can

only monitor 1 WCDMA frequency in the gap of compress mode.

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Case 2
 Analysis
 Because UE can not measure cell 14031 with frequency B, only
monitor cell 14605 with frequency C, and meanwhile cell 14605
and 14603 signal level are same, the call dropped due to the poor
signal of 14605 and 14603

 How to make UE monitor cell 14031 with frequency B instead of

14605 with frequency C?

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Case 2
 Solution
 Delete the neighbor relation from 14603 with frequency A to
14605 with frequency C

 Add the neighbor relation from 14602 with frequency B to 14605

with frequency C

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Case 2
 Solution

14605 (Frequency C)

14603 (Frequency A)

14602 (Frequency B) 14031 (Frequency B)

Inter-frequency handover based on load

Inter-frequency handover based on coverage

SHO handover based on coverage

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Case 2
 Summary
 Do not configure two different frequencies neighbor cells when
inter-frequency cell not continual coverage in WCDMA system

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 Contents
 Typical Problems Analysis in RF optimization
 RF case related to neighbor cell list

 RF case related to bad coverage

 RF case related to interference

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Case 1
 Description
 In drive test for RF optimization, call drop happened in the circle
area

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Case 1
 Analysis
 After analyze the signal level of this area, the call drop is caused
by discontinuous coverage of the cell with PSC 442

Problem Zone

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Case 1
 Analysis
 After checking the RF
transmission Antenna

environment, the signal

is blocked by the glass
Call drop
wall

The Wall

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Case 1
 Solution
 Solution 1: Decrease the downtilt to increase the signal level
 Maybe the problem area will become better, but due to the wall, this
problem may still exist nearby.

 Solution 2:Increase the antenna height

 After checking the installation condition, it’s very hard to increase the
height

 Even increased the height, the problem may still exist due to the wall.

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Case 1
 Solution
 Solution 3:
 Move the antenna position if possible, and the main direction antenna
is parallel with the side of the wall

 Move the antenna position to right Wall

about 15 meters considering the

installation condition

New
Original Position
Position

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Case 1
 Solution
 Solution 3:
 About the antenna downtilt, two strategies are designed.

 First, 10 degrees

10 Degree

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Case 1
 Solution
 Solution 3:
 Second, 5 degrees

5 Degree

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Case 1
 Summary
 Before RF adjustment, site survey should be done.

 Find the problem and the reason, design several strategies for the
adjustment

 One time adjustment, and check the performance at the same

time. Adjustment and performance checking should be done at
the same to improve the work efficiency.

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Case 2
 Description
 In drive test for RF optimization, the area Ec/Io is bad

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Case 2
 Analysis
 Checking the cell distribution at this area

PSC186 PSC184

PSC185

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Case 2
 Analysis
 One site with 3 cells, PSC184, 185 and 186 cover this area

 Two cells, PSC 184 and 185, are separated to two sectors to cover
different direction

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Case 2
 Analysis
 The area is covered by different cell – PSC 184 and 185

 No dominant cell – PSC 184 and 185 is the best cell crossly in this
area

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Case 2
 Solution
 Change the sector PSC, or combine some sector

 Previously, 3 cells
 PSC 184: sector 1 & sector 3

 PSC 185: sector 2 & sector 4

 PSC 186: sector 5

 After adjustment, 2 cells:

 PSC184: sector1 & sector3

 PSC185: sector4 & sector5

 Delete sector 2

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Case 2
 After adjustment, the drive test for PSC 184 and 185

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Case 2
 The comparison result for scanner Ec/Io

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Case 2
 The comparison result for UE Ec/Io

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Case 2
 Summary
 In order to get better coverage performance at the place with
complicated transmission environment, splitter is used to separate
one cell into different sectors to cover different area.

 In this case, the sector should be designed reasonably to control

the interference

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Case 3
 Description
 In drive test for RF optimization, bad Ec/Io is found on the bridge

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Case 3
 Analysis
 Check the RSCP value of scanner, the result shows the RSCP value
is good.
 Based on this, pilot pollution
need be considered in this area.

 Check the top N pilot RSCP and

Ec/Io in scanner result

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Case 3
 Analysis
 From the DT result, it shows the RSCP value is strong, but the Ec/Io
is bad.

 And the signal level of different cell are very similar.

 Find the cells which cover this area

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Case 3
 Analysis Site 3 Cell C
Site 2 Cell C

Site 1 Cell A

Site 4 Cell C

Site 5 Cell C

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Case 3
 Analysis
 On the bridge, the signal from different cell can cover this area
due to reflection of the river and no building.

 From DT, following cell cover this area:

 Site 1 cell A

 Site 2 cell C

 Site 3 cell C

 Site 4 cell C

 Site 5 cell C

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Case 3
 Analysis Site 3 Cell C
Site 2 Cell C

 Need to find the

best cell

 Check the map, Site 1 Cell A

Site 6
the site 6 is very
near to the
bridge.

Site 4 Cell C

Site 5 Cell C

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Case 3
 Analysis
The residence buildings
 After checking site 6 RF are much higher than
antenna, which block the
environment, it is difficult to signal of site 6

increase the antenna height or

move site 6 position to avoid the
blocking caused by the building

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Case 3
 Analysis Site 3 Cell C
Site 2 Cell C

 Then, site 1 cell

A can be the best
cell to cover this Site 1 Cell A

area

Site 4 Cell C

Site 5 Cell C

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Case 3
 Analysis Site 3 Cell C
Site 2 Cell C

 Then, try to
increase the
signal of site 1 Site 1 Cell A

cell A, and
decrease other
cells

 To confirm this,
Site 4 Cell C
DT for site 1 cell
Site 5 Cell C
A needs to be
done
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Case 3
 Solution
 Increase the signal of site 1 cell A
 Change the antenna downtilt from 10 to 7

 Increase CPICH Tx power 1.5 dB higher

 Decrease other cell signal – change the antenna downtilt

 From 7 to 10 for site 2 cell C

 From 5 to 8 for site 3 cell C

 From 9 to 11 for site 4 cell C

 From 9 to 11 for site 5 cell C

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Case 3
 Confirmation
 After the modification, the DT shows the pilot pollution area as
below

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Case 3
 Confirmation
 The Ec/Io comparison

After

Before

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Case 3
 Summary
 To solve the pilot pollution, the following issues has be
considered
 Find the reason caused pilot pollution
– Due to no strong signal

– Due to too much strong signal

 After the adjustment, the DT has to be done at this cluster to confirm

that no new problem appeared

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Case 4
 Description

 In DT, video call quality is decreased at the problem

area. Also, the PS call drop happened several times

Problem Area

3G Antenna

2G Antenna

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Case 4
 Analysis
 RSCP distribution in DT

Problem
area

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Case 4
 Analysis
 Ec/Io distribution in DT

Problem
Problem
area
area

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Case 4
 Analysis
 Checking the RF environment, the antenna is installed on 10-
meter platform

 2G and 3G antenna are installed at one platform, but 3G antenna

is a little bit inner than 2G antenna.

 After finishing DT in 2G, signal level is very stable

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Case 4
 Analysis
 If 3G and 2G antenna are installed at the same place, the problem
may be solved.

 The short wall of this

Problem Area
platform may block the
signal of 3G
3G Antenna Wall
 Since 2G antenna is
near to the border, the
2G Antenna
wall influence 2G little

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Case 4
 Solution
 Solution 1
 Increase the antenna height can solve this problem

 Solution 2
 Move the installation place near to the border

 Solution 3
 3G and 2G use the same place

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Case 4
 Solution
 Solution 3 is adopted

Road

T T
X X
/ /
R R R R
X X X X

2G 3G

BTS NodeB

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Case 4
 Summary
 Sharing the same installation place for 3G and 2G is very
common, and several strategies can solve the problem

 In this situation, 3G and 2G can share the feeder system,

or can only share the installation platform.

 Considering the factors of the installation and related

resource, a easiest and simplest method should be
adopted

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Case 5
 Description
 In DT, call drop happened a lot in the area

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Case 5
 Description
 Check the DT information, SC304 is in active set with the
signal level – RSCP -76dBm and Ec/Io -18

 Analysis

 Consider the pilot pollution

 But only 1 cell in active set and 1 Cell in monitor set

 Consider the missing neighbor cell

 But the cell in monitor set has very good quality – RSCP -
65dBm and Ec/Io -6

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Case 5
 Analysis
 Check the signaling trace at UE side
Before call drop, UE
sends measurement
report to RNC with 1A
event for cell 298

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Case 5
 Analysis
 Check the signaling trace at RNC side

RNC sent Active Set Update to UE,

but no response. Then, RNC send
release RRC connection – Call
Drop

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Case 5
 Analysis
 Based on the DT and signaling trace, this call drop can
be take as handover failure

 For example

cell56 vs cell041

-10 cell56
EcNo

-20 cell041

-30
time

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Case 5
 Analysis
 Around the corner, the original cell 304 signal level
drop very quickly because of the building shadowing,
and the neighbor cell 298 increase very quickly.

 After UE sent measurement report to RNC, cell 304

has become very bad when RNC sent active set
update.

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Case 5
 Adjustment
 Since cell 298 has better coverage at this area,
handover can happen earlier
 Decrease cell 304 coverage performance at this area
– Increase the downtilt from 5 to 9

– Adjust the direction from 0 to 310

 Increase cell 298 coverage performance at this area

– Decrease the downtilt from 5 to 4

– Adjust the direction from 300 to 270

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Case 5
 Adjustment
 Result after adjustment

Handover
area

Handover
Before area After

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Case 5
 Adjustment
 Comparison of Ec/Io of UE

Before After

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Case 5
 Summary
 Confirm the corner effect by analyzing signaling trace
at UE and RNC

 About corner effect, Taking the method make the

handover happen earlier, such as RF optimization

 Other method can also adopted

 Modify 1A event

 Modify CIO (Cell Individual Offset)

Copyright © 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page99
 Contents
 Typical Problems Analysis in RF optimization
 RF case related to neighbor cell list

 RF case related to bad coverage

 RF case related to interference

Copyright © 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page100
 Case 1
 Description
 From traffic statistic, the following RTWP problem is found

RNCId CellId CellName Time(As hour) VS.MaxRTWP VS.MeanRTWP VS.MinRTWP

1 62501 KwongYu1 2006-5-16 17:00 -74.5 -102.34 -105.3

1 62502 KwongYu2 2006-5-16 17:00 -74.3 -94.89 -105.5

1 62503 KwongYu3 2006-5-16 17:00 -82 -101.6 -105.4

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Case 1--Analysis

Cell 62501 RTWP Cell 62503 RTWP

Cell 62502 RTWP

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Case 1
 Analysis
 The main diversity antenna is interfered seriously

 Can not find any relation between interference and time,

and the interference appears randomly

 Check the neighbor site, no interference

 Deduction

 Inter-modulation cause the interference, could be

 Inter-modulation caused by bad connectors

 Inter-modulation by GSM

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Case 1
 Analysis
 Check the RF environment

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Case 1
 Analysis
 Check the RF environment
 No blocking or any reflection due to the glass wall

 The site RF condition is very good

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Case 1
 Analysis
 2G and 3G share the feeder system

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Case 1
 Analysis
 Check 2G frequency planning
 Sector 1 – 544 with hopping frequency 821
– 544 – 1811.6MHz & 821 – 1867MHz

 Sector 2 – 538 with hopping frequency 821

– 538 – 1808.6MHz & 821 – 1867MHz

 Sector 3 – 858 with hopping frequency 821

– 858 – 1874.4MHz & 821 – 1867MHz

Copyright © 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page107
Case 1
 Analysis
 Calculate the third order intermodulation
 Cell 1 – 1922.4MHz

 Cell 2 – 1925.4MHz

 Cell 3 – 1859.6MHz

 Check cell 2 uplink interference

 The interval of 2 interference is

821-544

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Case 1
 Analysis
 Conclusion
 The third inte-rmodulation of cell 1 and cell 2 is just in
WCDMA uplink band

 Solution
 Change the hopping frequency of DSC

 Confirmation
 Check the RTWP again, the values are normal

Copyright © 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page109
Case 1
 Summary
 Characteristics of inner system interference
 The RTWP result are not same at the main and diversity antenna

 The amplitude of interference is big, and the difference is more than 10 dB

 High RTWP will appear in a duration, and will not change so frequently

 High RTWP will not show in a certain time each day, but randomly

Copyright © 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page110
Case 2
 Description
 In a commercial network of country U, the following RTWP
problem is found from traffic statistic
RNCId CellId CellName Time(As hour) RTWP_MEAN RTWP_MAX RTWP_MIN

201 11912 Aguada_C 2005-11-15 4:00 -93.94 -88.65 -105.66

201 11942 Centenario_C 2005-11-15 4:00 -95.86 -87.65 -105.66

201 11932 Centro_C 2005-11-15 17:00 -96.62 -93.65 -97.65

201 11623 Ciudad Vieja_C 2005-11-15 0:00 -96.74 -91 -105.65

201 11461 Palacio_C 2005-11-15 20:00 -97.1 -96 -104.65

201 11643 Pocitos_C 2005-11-15 2:00 -97.72 -92.65 -105.65

Copyright © 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page111
Case 2
 Analysis
 Connect to the problem NodeB, and monitor the RTWP

 Take one site as example

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Case 2
 Analysis
 The main and diversity antenna have the same interference
trend

 The different between main and diversity is less than 10dB

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Case 2
 Analysis
 Check the location of the sites with high RTWP

High

Medium

Low

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Case 2
 Analysis
 All the problem cells are in the third sector of the NodeB,
and the direction is to the northwest

 Many cells at this area show high interference, and the cells
with low RTWP are at low place

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Case 2
 Analysis
 Analyze the RTWP in the nearly one month, the
interference shows randomly, but if appears, usually one
whole day, or several days

 The interference shows with high traffic, and also with low
traffic. No evidence shows it is related to the traffic

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Case 2
 Analysis
 Maybe the interference comes from outside and the
northwest direction

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Case 2
 Analysis
 Use YBT250 to do the interference checking

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Case 2
 Analysis
 All the test results show the interference comes from the
same direction – to the country A

 But the distance to country A from the test place is around

50Km to 200Km

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Case 2
 Analysis
 Frequency analysis
 U Country UMTS frequency
– 1900MHz

 A country GSM frequency

– 1900MHz

Copyright © 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page120
Case 2
 Analysis
 Maybe the interference comes from A country, but looks
like impossible because the distance (50 to 200Km) is
beyond the transmission

 To confirm this problem, use A country cell phone at the

area with high RTWP

 The result shows the phone does receive the A country DSC

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Case 2
 Conclusion
 The interference comes from A country GSM

 Even the distance is very far, the area between the border is
covered by a large water area

 Due to reflection the water, the signal can be transmitted

far away

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Case 2
 Conclusion
 After known the reason, the following character of this
kind of interference is found
 Related to the weather
– Rain day, no interference

– Cloudy day, less interference

– Sunny day, high interference

 Related to the seasons also

– Problems show at Summer more than Winter

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Case 2
 Summary
 Characteristics of external interference
 The RTWP result are same at the main and diversity antenna

 The amplitude of interference is small, and the difference is less than 10 dB

 The interference exists at large area, not just one cell, also including
neighbor cells

 The direction of external interference is obvious

 The cell with high antenna is easier to be interferenced

Copyright © 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page124
 Summary
 RF optimization
 Neighbor cell list optimization

 Coverage performance optimization

 Interference optimization

Copyright © 2014 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page125
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