Project Synopsis Cover Page
Project Synopsis Cover Page
Project Synopsis Cover Page
SUBMITTED BY
VINAYAK M RAO
19125760107
The student has to submit the following before he starts the Project for
approval
Project title
Introduction/Brief Description
Data Sets
Data Sources
Problem Definition/problem statement
A creditor or lender provides goods and services to a borrower based on the trust that the
borrower will be able to repay the lender at some point in the future. In exchange for providing
these goods and services in the present, the lender receives a payment known as interest. The
likelihood that a borrower does not repay the loan amount plus the interest is known as credit
risk and the event of a borrower not being able to repay their debt is called default. In order to
protect themselves against default, lenders must assess credit risk associated with each
borrower very well. Credit risk is an important topic for the financial health of creditors
therefore the project will predict the probability of default models by abiding by the regulator
rules established in Basel 2 and Basel 3 as performed by banks.
Introduction/Brief Description
A creditor also known as a lender provides goods and services to a borrower based on the trust
that the borrower will be able to repay the lender at some point in the future. In exchange for
providing these goods and services in the present, the lender receives a payment known as
interest. Money is the most common type of loan provided by lenders to borrowers. Credit cards
and home loans are also example of credit provided by borrowers. A borrower can spend a
certain amount of money through their credit cards up till certain limit called credit limit. The
borrower repays this amount spent along with additional interest to the bank and this is how
the bank makes a profit. When we sign home ownership loans, we borrow money from the
bank against equity in the residence that we want to acquire and the residence covers the debt
in case we fail to repay. The bank has the right to take ownership of the property and sell it to
satisfy the remaining debt.
The likelihood that a borrower does not repay the loan amount plus the interest is known as
credit risk. The lender does not receive the principal amount and interest and also has to sustain
substantial costs to recover the outstanding debt called collection costs. This event of a
borrower not being able to repay their debt is called default. In order to protect themselves
against default, lenders must assess credit risk associated with each borrower very well.
Lenders inability to estimate the probability of default of borrowers leads to serious financial
crisis such as the one in 2008. The main factor that led to the crisis was the high default rate of
subprime mortgages. Lenders were willing to finance 100% of the value of a new home at low
interest rates which led to increase in demand and therefore increase in prices of these houses.
Homeowners borrowed money and used their houses as a guarantee to the bank but a lot of
them were high risk subprime and could not repay their loans and defaulted. Consequently,
financial instruments based on mortgages such as mortgage backed securities lost value and the
banks holding these instruments absorbed huge losses and some like Lehman Brothers went
bankrupt. This example shows why credit risk is one of the most important variables in the
financial system today.