1. Definition of nursing research 2. The importance of research in nursing 3. Roles of nurses in research 4. Evolution of nursing research 5. Purposes of nursing research
2 8- 3
RESEARCH PROCESS
3 8- 4
RESEARCH PROCESS Conceptual Phase
Design and Dissemination planning Phase Phase
Analytical Empirical Phase Phase 4 8- 5
4 Research Designs
5 QUANTI vs QUALI QUANTITATIVE QUALITATIVE • A type of educational • A type of educational research in which the research in which the researcher decides what researcher relies on the to study views of the participants • It looks at patterns in • Gathers information that is numeric data not in numerical form • Gathers data in numerical • Is typically descriptive data. form which can be put into categories or measured in units of measurement. • This type of data can be • We are taking a deep used to construct graphs quality look at a and tables phenomenon 6 QUANTI vs QUALI QUANTITATIVE QUALITATIVE EXAMPLES EXAMPLES ✓ Application forms ✓ Diary accounts ✓ Closed ended ✓ Document review Questionnaires ✓ Open ended ✓ IQ Tests Questionnaires ✓ Measurements ✓ Unstructured interviews ✓ Unstructured observations
7 QUANTI vs QUALI Indicators QUANTITATIVE QUALITATIVE Purpose o To test hypotheses, o To understand & look at cause & interpret social effect, & make interactions predictions Group o Larger & randomly o Smaller & not Studied selected randomly selected Variables o Specific variables o Study of the whole, studied not variables Type of o Numbers and o Words, images, or Data statistics objects Collected
8 QUANTI vs QUALI Indicators QUANTITATIVE QUALITATIVE Analysis ▪ Analyzes numbers ▪ Descriptions and using analysis of statistics words for themes Conducting ▪ Conducts the inquiry ▪ Conducts inquiry in Inquiry in unbiased, objective subjective, biased manner manner Identifying a ▪ Description of trends ▪ An exploration in research or an explanation of which little is known problem variables’ about the problem & relationships A detailed understanding of a central phenomenon 9 RESEARCH PROCESS
QUANTITATIVE & QUALITATIVE 10 RESEARCH PROCESS QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH QUALITATIVE RESEARCH PHASES PROCESS PROCESS 1. The • Formulating and delimiting the • Identifying a research concep Problem problem/stating the tual ✓ Identifying Research variables problem- Define Questions of • Reviewing the related literature Interest and Concern to You phase • Defining the framework and • Reviewing the literature developing conceptual and • Specifying a purpose and research theoretical frameworks questions- specify the research • Formulating hypotheses objectives 1. The • Selecting a research design • Identify Gatekeepers- it is Design • Identifying the research important to first establish rapport and environment, population and with the person or people sample to be studied • Specify the information required. plannin • Designing the sampling plan • Design the method of collecting g • Specifying methods to measure information. phases variables • Design the questionnaire • Measurement and the assessment • Trustworthiness through of quantitative data-Levels of Verification, Transferability, measurement Dependability, etc… • Reliability & Validity of Instrument 11 RESEARCH PROCESS QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH QUALITATIVE RESEARCH PHASES PROCESS PROCESS 3. The • Collecting the Data Manage and implement the data Empirica • Preparing for Data Analysis collection l phase Determining the quality of data
4. The • Analyzing the quantitative data Analyzing the data
Analytic through: - Coding Data al phase ✓ Descriptive data analysis - Writing Up Your Findings ✓ Inferential data analysis Analyze and interpret the results – ✓ Classification of statistics formulation of themes ✓ Criteria for selecting statistical tool • Interpreting the results 5. The • Communicating the research Reporting the research Dissemi findings nation • Utilizing the findings in the Write a Final research report phase practice 12
