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Choral Arranging - Hawley Ades

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The key takeaways are that the book aims to present an organized program of study for writing choral arrangements and deals with practical choral arranging between simple harmonization and truly creative composition.

The prerequisites assumed are a working knowledge of harmony and counterpoint as well as a sufficient background in music history to understand different styles and periods of composition.

In addition to harmony and counterpoint, a background of association with singers and singing groups is needed.

PR EFACE

T H I S book is written for the choral arranger of today — director. student.


Or composer, Its purpose is to present an organized program of study for mu-
sicians interested in writing for voices.

Both mv work as a choral arranger for professional and amateur groups


and my experience teaching choral arranging have pointed to the need for such
a book. Though there are a number o f comprehensive texts available to the
student o f orchestration, there is not a comparai* work dealing with writing
for ‘oiees. W hile tue term "choral arranging" can be applied Io any, vocal writing
from simple harmonization of a melody to vocal settings so creative that they
are really composition, this book deals with the range of writing between these
extremes — that is, practical choral arranging for the musician who wishes
make an elfective setting of a partieular piece of musical material for a particular
choral group.

The composer too ma y lind this presentation o f chorai arranging of value


in indicating possible means o f setting his originai musical ideas, though the
choral arranger, of course. looks to the composer io expand these techniques_
In fact. because ali of our present chorai arranging techniques stern from great
Amai COMpOSitiOnS of the past. many of the examples used in this book are
drawn from originai works. In connection with this use of examples from originai
compositions, I shouid explain that when reference is nude io various devices
and techniques in these illustrations as "arranging" devices. this is Io point these
out and add them to the choral arranger's musical vocabulan. M v purpose is
to help the choral arranger develop an effective skill rather than Lo ascertain
whether a given device or technique should be termed "arranging" or "com-
posing". That is, this book is intended as a practical handbook on the subject
of choral writing rather than as an academie exploration of

As prerequisites to taking up this study of choral arranging. I assume the


student's working knowledge of harmony and counterpoint. In additiom he shouid
have a sufficient background in music history io provide a grasp of the distin-
guishing characteristies of various styles and periods of composition, for stylis-
tic consistency is the main halimark o f the skilled arranger. Such a knowledge
enables the arranger io choose and maintain an appropriate style for a given
setting. using contrapuntal devices from the Baroquc period. nineteenth-century
chromaticism. or the harrnonie and rhvthmic idioms o f the twentieth century.
as indicated by the character of the musical material.

Also needed is a background of association with singers and singing groups,


and of greatest value ís a current attiliation with a choral group which pro‘ ides
opportunity to hear one's writing. A thorough knowledge of the capabilities and
limitations of voices cannot be acquired except by working with a singing group,
Though the generai classification and ranges of voices are easily rnastered, there
are many subtleties of timbre, tessitura. vocal line, and dynamic balance between
sections and an infinite variety of tone coloration and dramatic expression which
must be heard many times over t() be handied with assurance,

III

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