Oxidation Number and Balancing of Redox Reactions 723

PROBLEMS
Assign ON to atoms of only those elements which undergo ON change in the
following redox reactions, and then balance the equations.
2 3
1. C2H5OH Cr2O7 H Cr C2H4O H2O
2
2. Sn OH 3 Bi OH 3 OH Sn OH 6 Bi

3. IO3 N2H4 HCl N2 ICl2 H2O

4. NO2 OH NO3 NO2 H2O

5. Hg2Cl2 NH3 Hg HgNH2Cl NH4Cl

2
6. Zn NO3 H Zn NH4 H2O

7. I2 NO3 H IO3 NO2 H2O

2 2
8. MnO4 SO2 H2O MnO2 SO4 OH

9. H2O2 ClO2 OH ClO2 O2 H2O

2
10. ClO CrO2 OH Cl CrO4 H2O

11. I2 Cl2 H2O HIO3 HCl

12. Cl2 KOH KOCl KCl H2O

13. Cl2 KOH KClO3 KCl H2O

14. H2O2 I2 HIO3 H2O

[Hint: Change in ON = 10]
15. H2O2 KMnO4 MnO2 KOH O2 H2O

16. HNO2 KMnO4 H2SO4 HNO3 KMnO4 K2SO4 H2O

17. NaNO2 NaI H2SO4 NO I2 Na2SO4 H2O

18. N2H4 AgNO3 KOH N2 Ag KNO3 H2O

19. N2H4 Zn KOH H2O NH3 K2[Zn OH 4]

20. Fe N2H4 H2O Fe OH 2 NH3

21. H2S HNO3 NO S H2O

22. P HNO3 HPO3 NO H2O

23. K2Cr2O7 HCl KCl CrCl3 H2O Cl2

2 2
24. MnO4 C2O4 H CO2 Mn H2O
2 2 3
25. Cr2O7 C2O4 H Cr CO2 H2O
2
26. Cr OH 3 IO3 OH I CrO4 H2O
724 Modern Approach to Chemical Calculations

27. KMnO4 H2S H2SO4 KHSO4 MnSO4 S H2O

28. NO3 Cl H NO Cl2 H2O

29. H2O2 I H I2 H2O

2 3
30. Cr2O7 NO2 H Cr NO3 H2O

31. N2O4 BrO3 H2O NO3 Br H

2
32. S2O3 Sb2O5 H H2O SbO H2SO3

33. Fe2 SO4 3 Fe FeSO4

34. Cu NH3 4Cl2 KCN H2O K2Cu CN 3 NH3 KCNO NH4Cl KCl

35. Ag KCN H2O O2 KAg CN 2 KOH

2
36. Zn NO3 H Zn NO2 H2O

37. MnO4 CN H2O MnO2 CNO OH

3 3
38. AsO3 IO3 AsO4 I

39. Fe3O4 MnO4 H2O Fe2O3 MnO2 OH

2 3
40. H2S Cr2O7 H Cr S8 H2O

41. ZnS O2 ZnO SO2

42. KNO3 FeSO4 H2SO4 KHSO4 Fe2 SO4 3 NO H2O

43. H2S K2Cr2O7 H2SO4 KHSO4 Cr2 SO4 3 S H2O

44. KI H2SO4 KHSO4 SO2 I2 H2O

45. C2H5OH MnO4 OH C2H3O MnO2 H2O

46. Al KMnO4 H2SO4 KHSO4 Al2 SO4 3 MnSO4 H2O

47. K2Cr2O7 H2O S SO2 KOH Cr2O3

48. MnO2 HCl MnCl2 Cl2 H2O

2 2
49. MnO4 SO3 H2O MnO2 SO4 OH
2 2 3 2
50. Cr2O7 SO3 H Cr SO4 H2O

51. I2 SO2 H2O SO24 I H

52. Sn NO3 H SnO2 NO2 H2O

2 2
53. MnO4 SO2 H2O Mn SO4 H
2 2 2
54. MnO4 SO3 OH MnO4 SO4 H2O

55. ClO Br BrO3 Cl

 Oxidation Number and Balancing of Redox Reactions 725

2
56. Zn NO3 H Zn NH4 H2O

57. KMnO4 HCl Cl2 KCl MnCl2 H2O

58. BaCrO4 KI HCl BaCl2 I2 KCl CrCl3 H2O

59. ClO3 SO2 H ClO2 HSO4

2
60. Mn S2O28 H2O MnO4 HSO4 H

61. Cl2 IO3 OH Cl IO4 H2O

2 3
62. H2SO3 Cr2O7 H HSO4 Cr H2O

63. ClO2 SbO2 OH ClO2 Sb OH 6 H2O

2
64. Zn NO3 OH NH3 ZnO2 H2O
3 3
65. AsO3 MnO4 AsO4 MnO2 H2O

66. KMnO4 H2O2 H2SO4 MnSO4 K2SO4 O2 H2O

67. H2O2 PbS PbSO4 H2O

68. MnO4 C2O24 H Mn

2
CO2 H2O

69. Fe
2
Cr2O7
2
H Fe3 Cr
3
H2O
3 3
70. AsO3 I2 H2O AsO4 H I
2 2
71. S2O3 I2 S4O6 I

72. HNO3 I2 HIO3 NO2 H2O

73. K2Cr2O7 H2SO4 KI I2 K2SO4 Cr2 SO4 3 H2O

74. CuO NH3 Cu N2 H2O

75. As2S5 HNO3 H3AsO4 H2SO4 NO2 H2O

76. PbS O3 PbSO4 O2

2
77. Cl2 SeO23 H2O SeO4 Cl H
2 2 3
78. Cu3P H Cr2O7 Cu H3PO4 Cr H2O

79. Na2SnO2 Bi OH 3 Bi Na2SnO3 H2O

80. H2O SbCl3 SbOCl 2HCl

81. K4Fe CN 6 Ce NO3 4 KOH Ce OH 3 Fe OH 3 H2O K2CO3 KNO3

2 2
82. S OH S S2O3 H2O

83. IO4 I H I2 H2O

726 Modern Approach to Chemical Calculations

84. KMnO4 K2MnO4 MnO2 O2

[Hint: KMnO4 reduces to both K2MnO4 and MnO2 and change in ON = 4]

85. NH4 2Cr2O7 N2 H2O Cr2O3

2
86. MnO4 H MnO4 MnO2 H2O

87. H3PO3 H3PO4 PH3

88. Zn HNO3 Zn NO3 2 N2O H2O

2
89. CuS NO3 H Cu S8 NO H2O

90. CuSO4 KI Cu2I2 I2 K2SO4

91. FeSO4 Fe2O3 SO2 SO3

92. NaOH Cl2 NaCl NaClO H2O

93. NH3 Hg2Cl2 Hg Hg NH2 Cl HCl

[Hint: Change in ON = 1]

94. Br2 OH BrO Br H2O

95. As2S5 HNO3 H2SO4 NO2 H3AsO4 H2O

2 3
96. Cr2O7 SO2 H Cr HSO4 H2O

97. HCl WO3 SnCl2 H2SnCl6 W3O8 H2O

98. HCl FeCl3 V OH 4Cl VOCl2 H2O FeCl3

99. Au KCN H2O O2 KAu CN 4 KOH

100. KOH KMnO4 K2MnO4 O2 H2O

Answers
1. 3C2H5OH Cr2O27 8H 2Cr
3
3C2H4O 7H2O
2
2. Sn OH 3 2Bi OH 3 3OH 3Sn OH 6 2Bi

3. IO3 N2H4 2HCl N2 ICl2 3H2O

4. 2NO2 2OH NO3 NO2 H2O

5. 2Hg2Cl2 4NH3 2Hg 2HgNH2Cl 2NH4Cl

2
6. 4Zn NO3 10H 4Zn NH4 3H2O

7. I2 10NO3 8H 2IO3 10NO2 4H2O

2 2
8. 2MnO4 3SO2 H2O 2MnO2 3SO4 2OH

9. H2O2 2ClO2 2OH 2ClO2 O2 2H2O

2
10. 3ClO 2CrO2 2OH 3Cl 2CrO4 H2O
 Oxidation Number and Balancing of Redox Reactions 727

11. I2 5Cl2 6H2O 2HIO3 10HCl

12. 2Cl2 4KOH 2KOCl 2KCl 2H2O

13. 3Cl2 6KOH KClO3 5KCl 3H2O

14. 5H2O2 I2 2HIO3 4H2O

15. 3H2O2 2KMnO4 2MnO2 2KOH 3O2 2H2O

16. 5HNO2 2KMnO4 3H2SO4 5HNO3 2KMnO4 K2SO4 3H2O

17. 2NaNO2 2NaI 2H2SO4 2NO I2 2Na2SO4 2H2O

18. N2H4 4AgNO3 4KOH N2 4Ag 4KNO3 4H2O

19. N2H4 Zn 2KOH 2H2O 2NH3 K2[Zn OH 4]

20. Fe N2H4 2H2O Fe OH 2 2NH3

21. 3H2S 2HNO3 2NO 3S 4H2O

22. 3P 5HNO3 3HPO3 5NO H2O

23. K2Cr2O7 8HCl 2KCl 2CrCl3 7H2O 3Cl2

2 2
24. 2MnO4 5C2O4 16H 10CO2 2Mn 8H2O

25. Cr2O7
2
3C2O4
2
14H 2Cr3 6CO2 7H2O
2
26. 2Cr OH 3 IO3 4OH I 2CrO4 5H2O

27. 2KMnO4 5H2S 4H2SO4 2KHSO4 2MnSO4 5S 8H2O

28. 2NO3 6Cl 8H 2NO 3Cl2 4H2O

29. H2O2 2I 2H I2 2H2O

2
30. Cr2O7 3NO2 8H 2Cr3 3NO3 4H2O

31. 3N2O4 BrO3 3H2O 6NO3 Br 6H

2
32. S2O3 2Sb2O5 6H 3H2O 4SbO 6H2SO3

33. Fe2 SO4 3 Fe 3FeSO4

34. 2Cu NH3 4Cl2 7KCN H2O K2Cu CN 3 6NH3 KCNO 2NH4Cl 2KCl

35. 4Ag 8KCN 2H2O O2 4KAg CN 2 4KOH

36. Zn 2NO3 4H Zn2 2NO2 2H2O

37. 2MnO4 3CN H2O 2MnO2 3CNO 2OH

3
38. 3AsO3 IO3 3AsO34 I

39. 6Fe3O4 2MnO4 H2O 9Fe2O3 2MnO2 2OH

728 Modern Approach to Chemical Calculations

2 3
40. 24H2S 8Cr2O7 64H 16Cr 3S8 56H2O

41. 2ZnS 3O2 2ZnO 2SO2

42. 2KNO3 6FeSO4 5H2SO4 2KHSO4 3Fe2 SO4 3 2NO 4H2O

43. 3H2S K2Cr2O7 5H2SO4 2KHSO4 Cr2 SO4 3 3S 7H2O

44. 2KI 3H2SO4 2KHSO4 SO2 I2 2H2O

45. 3C2H5OH 2MnO4 OH 3C2H3O 2MnO2 5H2O

46. 10Al 6KMnO4 27H2SO4 6KHSO4 5Al2 SO4 3 6MnSO4 24H2O

47. 2K2Cr2O7 2H2O 3S 3SO2 4KOH 2Cr2O3

48. MnO2 4HCl MnCl2 Cl2 2H2O

2 2
49. 2MnO4 3SO3 H2O 2MnO2 3SO4 2OH
2 2 3 2
50. Cr2O7 3SO3 8H 2Cr 3SO4 4H2O
2
51. I2 SO2 2H2O SO4 2I 4H

52. Sn 4NO3 8H SnO2 4NO2 4H2O

2 2
53. 2MnO4 5SO2 2H2O 2Mn 5SO4 4H
2 2 2
54. 2MnO4 SO3 2OH 2MnO4 SO4 H2O

55. 3ClO Br BrO3 3Cl

2
56. 4Zn NO3 10H 4Zn NH4 3H2O

57. 2KMnO4 16HCl 5Cl2 2KCl 2MnCl2 8H2O

58. 2BaCrO4 6KI 16HCl 2BaCl2 3I2 6KCl 2CrCl3 8H2O

59. 2ClO3 SO2 H 2ClO2 HSO4

2
60. 2Mn 5S2O28 8H2O 2MnO4 10HSO4 6H

61. Cl2 IO3 2OH 2Cl IO4 H2O

2 3
62. 3H2SO3 Cr2O7 5H 3HSO4 2Cr 4H2O

63. 2ClO2 SbO2 2OH 2ClO2 Sb OH 6 2H2O

2
64. 4Zn NO3 7OH NH3 4ZnO2 2H2O
3 3
65. 3AsO3 2MnO4 3AsO4 2MnO2 2H2O

66. 2KMnO4 5H2O2 3H2SO4 2MnSO4 K2SO4 5O2 8H2O

67. 4H2O2 PbS PbSO4 4H2O

2 2
68. 2MnO4 5C2O4 16H 2Mn 10CO2 8H2O
 Oxidation Number and Balancing of Redox Reactions 729

2 2 3 3
69. 6Fe Cr2O7 14H 6Fe 2Cr 7H2O
3 3
70. AsO3 I2 H2O AsO4 2H 2I
2 2
71. 2S2O3 I2 S4O6 2I

72. 10HNO3 I2 2HIO3 10NO2 4H2O

73. K2Cr2O7 7H2SO4 6KI 3I2 4K2SO4 Cr2 SO4 3 7H2O

74. 3CuO 2NH3 3Cu N2 3H2O

75. As2S5 40HNO3 2H3AsO4 5H2SO4 40NO2 12H2O

76. PbS 4O3 PbSO4 4O2

2
77. Cl2 SeO3 H2O SeO24 2Cl 2H
2 2
78. 6Cu3P 124H 11Cr2O7 18Cu 6H3PO4 22Cr3 53H2O

79. 3Na2SnO2 2Bi OH 3 2Bi 3Na2SnO3 3H2O

80. H2O SbCl3 SbOCl 2HCl

81. K4Fe CN 6 61Ce NO3 4 258KOH 61Ce OH 3 Fe OH 3

36H2O 6K2CO3 250KNO3
2 2
82. 4S 6OH 2S S2O3 3H2O

83. IO4 7I 8H 4I2 4H2O

84. 2KMnO4 K2MnO4 MnO2 O2

85. NH4 2Cr2O7 N2 4H2O Cr2O3

2
86. 3MnO4 4H 2MnO4 MnO2 H2O

87. 4H3PO3 3H3PO4 PH3

88. 4Zn 10HNO3 4Zn NO3 2 N2O 5H2O

2
89. 24CuS 16NO3 64H 24Cu 3S8 16NO 32H2O

90. 2CuSO4 4KI Cu2I2 I2 2K2SO4

91. 2FeSO4 Fe2O3 SO2 SO3 [Hint: Change in ON = 2]

92. 12NaOH 6Cl2 10NaCl 2NaClO 6H2O

93. NH3 Hg2Cl2 Hg Hg NH2 Cl HCl

94. Br2 2OH BrO Br H2O

95. As2S5 40HNO3 5H2SO4 40NO2 2H3AsO4 12H2O

2 3
96. Cr2O7 3SO2 5H 2Cr 3HSO4 H2O

97. 4HCl 3WO3 SnCl2 H2SnCl6 W3O8 H2O

730 Modern Approach to Chemical Calculations

98. 2HCl FeCl2 V OH 4Cl VOCl2 3H2O FeCl3

99. 4Au 16KCN 6H2O 3O2 4KAu CN 4 12KOH

100. 4KOH 4KMnO4 4K2MnO4 O2 H2O

Objective Problems
1. Consider the following reaction:
z
xMnO4 yC2O24 zH xM2n H2O
2yCO2
2
The values of x, y and z in the reaction are respectively,
(a) 5, 2, 16 (b) 2, 5, 8
(c) 2, 5, 16 (d) 5, 2, 8 (IIT 2013 Main)
2. From the following statements regarding H2O2, choose the incorrect statement.
(a) It can act only as an oxidising agent
(b) It decomposes on exposure to light.
(c) It has to be stored in plastic or wax-lined glass bottle in dark.
(d) It has to be kept away from dust. (IIT 2013 Main)
3. In which of the following reactions, H2O2 acts as reducing agent?
I. H2O2 2H 2e 2H2O
II. H2O2 2e O2 2H
III. H2O2 2e 2OH
IV. H2O2 2OH 2e O2 2H2O
(a) I and II (b) III and IV
(c) I and III (d) II and IV (IIT 2014 Main)
4. For the reaction
I ClO3 H2SO4 Cl HSO4 I2
The correct statement(s) in the balanced equation is(are)
(a) Stoichiometric coefficient of HSO4 is 6.
(b) Iodide is oxidised.
(c) Sulphur is reduced.
(d) H2O is one of the products. (IIT 2014 Adv.)
2 3
5. The correct statement(s) about Cr and Mn is(are)
(Cr = 24, Mn = 25)
2
(a) Cr is reducing agent.
3
(b) Mn is an oxidising agent.
2 3 4
(c) Both Cr and Mn exhibit d electronic configuration.
2 5
(d) When Cr is used as reducing agent, the chormium ion attains d electronic
configuration. (IIT 2015 Adv.)
6. The pair in which phosphorus atoms have a formal oxidation state of +3 is
(a) pyrophosphorous and hypophosphoric acids
(b) orthophosphorous and hypophosphoric acids
 Oxidation Number and Balancing of Redox Reactions 731

(c) pyrophosphorous and pyrophosphoric acids

(d) orthophosphorous and pyrophosphorous acids (IIT 2016 Main)
[Hint: Find oxidation states from the formula of acids.]
7. Which of the following reactions is an example of redox reactions?
(a) XeF4 O2F2 XeF6 O2 (b) XeF2 PF5 [XeF] PF6
(c) XeF6 H2O XeOF4 2HF (d) XeF6 2H2O XeO2F2 4HF
(IIT 2017 Main)
8. The order of the oxidation state of the phosphorus atom in H3PO2, H3PO4,
H3PO3 and H4P2O6 is
(a) H3PO4 H3PO2 H3PO3 H4P2O6
(b) H3PO4 H4P2O6 H3PO3 H3PO2
(c) H3PO2 H3PO3 H4P2O6 H3PO4
(d) H3PO3 H3PO2 H3PO4 H4P2O6 (IIT 2017 Adv.)
4 3
9. Hydrogen peroxidise oxidises [Fe CN 6] to [Fe CN 6] in acidic medium but
3 4
reduces [Fe CN 6] to [Fe CN 6] in alkaline medium. The other products formed
are, respectively.
(a) H2O and H2O OH (b) H2O O2 and H2O
(c) H2O O2 and H2O OH (d) H2O and H2O O2 (IIT 2018 Main)
10. The oxidation states of Cr in
[Cr H2O 6]Cl3 , [Cr C6H6 2] and K2[Cr CN 2 O 2 O 2 NH3 ]
respectively are
(a) +3, 0 and +4 (b) +3, +4 and +6
(c) +3, +2 and +4 (d) +3, 0 and +6 (IIT 2018 Main)
[Hint: Oxidation state of H2O, C6H6 and NH3 are taken as zero.]

Answers
1-c, 2-a, 3-d, 4-a, b, d, 5-a, b, c, 6-d, 7-a, 8-b, 9-d, 10-d.