Jagtap et al Journal of Drug Delivery & Therapeutics.

2019; 9(2):493-500

Available online on 15.03.2019 at http://jddtonline.info

Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics

Open Access to Pharmaceutical and Medical Research
© 2011-18, publisher and licensee JDDT, This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted
non-commercial use, provided the original work is properly cited

Open Access Review Article

A brief review on Kollidon
Jagtap Pratik, Tagad Rupesh, Shendge Raosaheb*
Department of Pharmaceutics (PG), Sanjivani College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kopargaon

ABSTRACT
Polyvinylpyrrolidone includes soluble and insoluble grades; soluble grades are synthesised by the mechanism of polymerization, the free radical
polymerization into the water by using hydrogen peroxide as an initiator, the mechanism which terminates the polymerisation reaction makes it
probable to produce soluble polyvinylpyrrolidone of about any molecular weight. Cross-linked polymer shows yield through popcorn
polymerisation of an N-vinylpyrrolidone which gets insoluble polyvinylpyrrolidone. Kollidon is in the market as a brand name for
polyvinylpyrrolidone, a kollidon family now is a set of common excipients based on polyvinylpyrrolidone for use in the pharmaceutical industry.
They have a great variety of applications in an oral formulation; the functions of oral formulation encompass fast disintegration, sustain drug
release, solubility, bioavailability enhancement, and stabilize the active ingredient. Kollidon containing a mixture of polyvinyl acetate plus
povidone are generally used in the formation of sustained release formulation. Owing to their high molecular weight, are recognized as a suitable
vehicle for producing sustained release drug delivery system. In this review paper, applications of different grades of kollidon are organized in
the form of tables and reviewed critically. Current literature of patents on kollidon based formulations is also presented.
Keywords: Polyvinylpyrrolidone, polymerization, sustained release drug delivery

Article Info: Received 04 Feb 2019; Review Completed 07 March 2019; Accepted 08 March 2019; Available online 15 March 2019
Cite this article as:
Jagtap P, Tagad R, Shendge R, A brief review on Kollidon, Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2019; 9(2):PageNo.
http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i2.2539

*Address for Correspondence:

Dr. Raosaheb Sopanrao Shendge, Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics (PG), Sanjivani College of Pharmaceutical
Education and Research, Pune University, Kopargaon, India.

1. INTRODUCTION release purpose. All the above grade of kollidon has broad
application in formulation and development. However, in the
Kollidon grades among the synthetic excipient it is said to be current review, we have focused critically on applications of
one of the essential substances in the pharmaceuticals and following grades of kollidon vis kollidon soluble (12PF, 17PF,
cosmetic industries. The soluble kollidon grades were 30, 90, VA64), kollidon insoluble (CL-M, CL-F, CL-SF), and
synthesized by w. reppe in 1939; a number of the product kollidon SR. The grades on which spacious research has been
followed by including insoluble grades, copolymeristates and published were selected for review. Hence the objective of
sustain release preparation for numerous applications. The the present manuscript is to make a compilation review of
insoluble grades (crospovidone) are prepared using a research publications and patents on various applications of
physical cross-linking process as popcorn polymers of vinyl some chosen grades of kollidon.[1]
pyrrolidone. kollidon VA 64 (Copovidone) is a water-soluble
copolymeristate of vinylpyrrolidone, and vinyl acetate is 1.1. Soluble kollidon grades (Povidone)
mainly used as a binder in tablet, granules, capsules, and
The following are the examples of soluble kollidon categories
coating process. For sustained release purpose, a mixture of
such as kollidon 12, 12PF, 17PF, 25, 30, 30LP, 90F. Amongst
polyvinyl acetate and povidone in a ratio of 8:2 is available
the above categories, Kollidon 12PF, 17PF, 30, 90 were
under the name of kollidon SR which mainly used as
selected for review as these having research literature
controlled release system. Kollidon soluble grade has a wide
published on it.
range of applications in the oral formulation include
enhancement in solubility and bioavailability of the drug, 1.2. kollidon® 12PF, 17PF
immediate release, taste masking, increase binding capacity,
stability, improve the activity of pore formation. The The low molecular grades, kollidon 12PF, 17PF are intended
examples of soluble grade of kollidon (Povidone) are for solubilising agents, dispersants and crystallisation
kollidon 12 PF, 17 PF, 25, 30, 90F, kollidon VA64 inhibitors particularly for injectable
(Copovidone), insoluble grade (Crospovidone) are kollidon A current literature review on kollidon 12PF Gayathri K et
CL, CL-F, CL-SF, CL-M and kollidon SR grade which is mixture al. [2] shows that Kollidon 12PF which is having low
of polyvinyl acetate and povidone in ratio of 8:2 for sustain molecular weight polyvinylpyrrolidone generally used as a
ISSN: 2250-1177 [493] CODEN (USA): JDDTAO
Jagtap et al Journal of Drug Delivery & Therapeutics. 2019; 9(2):493-500

solubilizing agent and also inhibits crystallization used in the cyclodextrin in various weight proportions. Piero Piccioni
preparation of immediate release formulations and also et al. [4] He studied screening systems for initial stage
reducing printing temperature in 3D printing method in formulation development by solubility parameter using the
order to hold thermolabile and less melting temperature solid dispersion of itraconazole with hot melt extrusion and
drugs. L. S. May et al. [3] prepared a solid dispersion of quench cooling technique by using kollidon 17PF, Eudragit E
docetaxel utilising binary and ternary method using Kollidon (EPO) and Soluplus.
12PF, Soluplus, Lutrol F68 and hydroxyl propyl beta-

Table 1: The reported literature on Kollidon 12PF, 17PF.

Name of Method Dosage form Result Ref
the drug
Ramipril Low temperature fused deposition modelling Drug-loaded Enhance solubility of the [5]
(FDM) 3D printing of thermolabile drugs filament drug

Binary and ternary solid dispersion

Docetaxel Solid Enhanced solubility of the [3]
dispersion drug

1.3 Kollidon® 30 A current literature review on kollidon 90F A. Fini et al.

[7]used kollidon90Fwith combination of appropriate
W. Linka. [6] studied the three formulations of matrices
excipient for obtaining taste masking, orally disintegrating
show the usefulness of Kollidon K30 and HPMC in the
tablets and delay the release of ibuprofen using conventional
technology of hydrophilic matrices with ketoprofen, Kollidon
and straightforward techniques. Dashevsky et al. [8]he used
K30 accelerated the release of ketoprofen from tablets of
Polyvinylpyrrolidone (Kollidon90F) superior to HPMC and
formulation
HPC as a binder for the swelling layer about binding
1.4 Kollidon® 90F (adherence to capsule) and increase disintegration
properties of the dosage form. B.B. Alsulays et al. [9]studied
Kollidon 90F having various properties like high binding the influence of the molecular weight of carriers and
capacity the required quantity is 2% or even less, processing parameters on the extrudability, drug release,
stabilisation of oral dosage form, film-forming agent, and stability of fenofibrate formulations processed by hot-
kollidon 90F having good solubility in water and alcohol it melt extrusion.
can be used as a thickener for an aqueous-alcoholic solution
for oral application

Table 2: The reported literature on kollidon30, 90F.

Name of Method Dosage Result Ref
the drug form
ketoprofen Direct compression Tablet Enhanced the release of drug from tablet [10]

ibuprofen Orally disintegrating and delayed Tablet Delayed the release and masked taste of the bitter drug [7]
release
Capsule-Based Drug Delivery Capsule Increased binding capacity to adhere capsule
System with Pulsatile Drug Release

1.5 Insoluble kollidon grades(Crospovidone) kollidon CL-M is the strongest disintegration power with
benefits, especially in large tablets. It has advantages
Crospovidone, a hydrophilic crosslinked homopolymer of N-
compared to other disintegrants which are dependent on
vinyl pyrrolidone, has been reported as one such alternative.
different chemistry due to disintegration and dissolution
Based on its porosity as well as its ability to rapidly absorb
speed.
water, swell, and yet remain insoluble, it is a biologically
inert, synthetic polymer whose synthesis does not involve A literature review on kollidon CL-M shows that it has been
any organic solvents a polymerisation process in water used extensively in the formulation of A. Maroni et al.
manufactures the Kollidon CL grades without any organic [11]studied Preliminary study on free and applied films in
solvents. This polymerisation produces a mainly physically which Kollidon CL-M was used as superdisintegrant and
cross-linked insoluble polyvinylpyrrolidone in the form of a shows the activity of pore-formation in multi-unit pulsatile
popcorn polymer. There are various grades of Kollidon CL, drug delivery system. Y. Gonnissen et al. [12]studied the
CL-F, CL-SF, and CL-M. Among this grade CL-M, CL-F, CL-SF effect of maltodextrins and superdisintegrants on the tablet
was selected because most of the literature are published on properties and evaluated directly compressible powders co-
these grade showing increase in solubility, bioavailability, processed via spray drying. The disintegration time of tablets
immediate release of drug from dosage, increase sphericity containing a coprocessed superdisintegrant (kollidon CL-M)
of pellets, etc. was longer than other excipients.H. Friedrich et al.
[13]improved the dissolution rate of carbamazepine and
1.6 Kollidon® CL-M
nifedipine by adsorbing solutions of the drugs in hydrophilic
KollidonCL-Misused as the standard disintegrant for all kind nonvolatile or volatile solvents onto carriers (Aerosil,
of different tablet formulations Main reasons for selection of Kollidon CL-M) with a large surface area.

ISSN: 2250-1177 [494] CODEN (USA): JDDTAO

Jagtap et al Journal of Drug Delivery & Therapeutics. 2019; 9(2):493-500

Table 3: The reported literature on kollidon CL-M.

Name of the drug Method Dosage form Result Ref
Acetaminophen Pulsatile drug delivery Capsule Increase the activity of pore-formation [14]

Acetaminophen Direct compression co-processed Tablet Increase in disintegration time of [12]

via spray drying formulation
Carbamazepine
and nifedipine Absorbent system Tablet Increase the dissolution rate and drug [13]
release from the formulation

1.7 Kollidon® CL-F, CL-SF appropriate mechanical properties, disintegration time

below 30 seconds was observed in formulation with
Kollidon CL-SF is the most excellent crospovidone grade for
crospovidone as disintegrant. M. Saurabh et al. [17]studied
disintegration purposes, and it has a good disintegration an integrated, quality by design (QbD) approach for design,
power and fewer surface defects of the tablets after humid
development, and optimization of an orally disintegrating
storage. This grade is perfect for fast disintegrating buccal
tablet formulation of carbamazepine; he found that kollidon
tablets
CL-SF concentration was optimum to prepare orally
A current literature review on kollidon CL-SF based research disintegrating tablet formulation of carbamazepine of
publication N. C. Loka et al. [15]shows that immediate desired attributes; thus it was found to be best sublimating
release pellets were prepared by wetted mass extrusion agent and disintegrant, respectively. R. Sheshala et al.
method, and markedly improved the sphericity of the pellets [18]formulated orally disintegrating tablets of sumatriptan
produced by marumerization. A. Amelian et al. succinate, the formulation containing kollidon CL-SF
[16]formulated orally disintegrating loratadine tablet disintegrated in the oral cavity within 41 s and released
manufactured with co-processed mixture (Kollidon CL-F, CL- more than 90% of the drug within15 minute.
SF) by direct compression method, prepared tablets was of

Table 4: The reported literature on kollidonCL-F, CL-SF.

Name of the drug Method Dosage form Result Ref
Caffeine Extrusion spheronization Pellets Improve in sphericity of pellets [19]

Loratadine Direct compression Orally Improved mechanical properties of tablet [16]

disintegrating tablet and disintegration time

Carbamazepine Direct compression Orally Improved in disintegration time of [17]

disintegrating tablet formulation

Sumatriptane Direct compression Orally Improved in disintegration time of [20]

succinate disintegrating tablet formulation

1.8 Kollidon® SR successfully prepared using kollidon SR. Meulenaar et al.

[23]kollidon SR used for preparation of an extended-release
Kollidon SR is spray dried polyvinyl acetate containing also
formulation of capecitabine by using In Vitro–In Vivo
soluble poly-vinylpyrrolidone (povidone) in the ratio 8:2,
correlating modelling, kollidon SR in this formulation used as
kollidon SR is nominally an 80/19 (w/w) mixture of
carrier for spray drying.W. Sakr et al. [24]studied effect of
polyvinyl acetate and polyvinylpyrrolidone, respectively.
Kollidon SR comparison with other polymers on the release
Kollidon SR can be used for the production of the sustained
of Albuterol Sulphate from matrix tablets, he studied
release matrix preparations of tablets, pellets, and granules.
kollidon SR with combination of (HPMC and Carbopol) were
The recommended technology for the production of
found to be potential candidates for the development of
sustained release matrix tablets based on Kollidon SR is the
extended release of Albuterol Sulphate matrix tablets, also
direct compression. The excellent flowability and
found that kollidon SR to be a useful release rate modifier for
compressibility of KollidonSR are the main factors which
highly water-soluble low dose drug. S.H. Song et al.
make this excipient particularly suitable for the manufacture [25]formulated controlled-release pelubiprofen tablet using
of sustained release matrix tablets obtained by direct
kollidonSR, kollidon SR containing formulation was found to
compression
be the most promising and stable for 6 months in an
An updated literature review on Kollidon SR based accelerated stability test and 24 months in a long-term
formulations revealed that it could be used in sustaining the storage test. Control release achieved from the tablet was
release, bioavailability enhancement of drugs. M. Shergill et limited at pH 1.2, but gradually increased at pH6.8 with a
al. [21]formulated sustained release solid dispersion oral surface-erosion was studied. Sahoo et al. [26] formulated
tablet containing water-insoluble drug by using kollidon SR, sustained-release dosage form of verapamil hydrochloride
and another excipient, shows enhanced solubility of drug by solid dispersion technique using eudragit RLPO
while also sustaining its release. Özgüney et al. [22] andkollidonSR, drug release study from dosage form was
prepared extended release kollidon SR mini-matrices by hot- studied, kollidon containing dosage form was extended till 8
melt extrusion, kollidon SR were used as the carrier for drug hr. J.L. Arias et al. [27] studied the dosage form containing
which shows plasticizing effect, and hot-melt extruded kollidon SR colloidal particles which were used as vehicles

ISSN: 2250-1177 [495] CODEN (USA): JDDTAO

Jagtap et al Journal of Drug Delivery & Therapeutics. 2019; 9(2):493-500

for oral morphine delivery in pain treatment, also analysed formulated Prolonged-release mini tablets with
that the release studies showed a biphasic profile very carbamazepine Prolonged release of carbamazepine was
suitable to achieve a sustained release of morphine during obtained from both matrix-type by using kollidon SR. S.
24 h. Therefore, they have concluded that kollidon SR Engineer et al. [31] studied the effects of temperature and
suspensions are very promising candidates for the humidity on tablets containing diphenhydramine
formulation of oral morphine systems with a sustained hydrochloride which was prepared using direct compression
release. E. Palazi et al. [28]enhanced solubility of water- technique with Kollidon SR; sustained-release tablets
insoluble drug felodipine by melt-extrusion process and composed of Kollidon SR have been shown to be heat and
sustained release action of drug was achieved using kollidon moisture sensitive. J. Grund et al. [32]studied the kollidon
SR. C. Wiranidchapong et al. [29] investigated the effect of SR and other polymer properties on direct compression and
storage temperature on drug release from matrices drug release from water-insoluble controlled release matrix
containing ibuprofen in Kollidon SR, the matrix tablets were tablets and compared with regard to their properties in dry
produced by direct compression and then kept at 30 and and wet state.
45°C for 3 months. Magdalena Czajkowska et al. [30]

Table 5: Reported literature on kollidon SR.

Name of the drug Method Dosage form Result Ref
Disulfiram Hot-melt extrusion Solid dispersion Enhanced solubility of drug while also [33]
tablets sustaining its release
Ibuprofen, Hot-melt extrusion Tablet Shows plasticising effect and extended the [22]
theophylline drug release
Capecitabine Spray drying, co-spray drying Tablet Co-spray drying was successfully achieved [23]

Albuterol Sulphate Direct compression Tablet Kollidon SR was found to enhance the [34]
mechanical properties of tablets increasing
hardness and decreasing friability.

Pelubiprofen Wet granulation Tablet Stability was achieved and controlled the [35]
release of the tablet at 1.2 pH.

Verapamil Solid dispersion, tablets were Tablet Tablet extends the release of drug till 8hr by [36]
hydrochloride compressed with hydraulic using kollidon SR.
pellet press.
Morphin Incorporation Oral Suspension Sustained the release of drug [27]
hydrochloride
Hot-melt extrusion Amorphous Solubility was enhanced as well as sustained [37]
Felodipine solid dispersion the release of drug by using kollidon SR.

Ibuprofen Matrix tablet prepared by Matrix tablet Stability of ibuprofen seems to be increased [29]
direct compression under various conditions.

Carbamazepine Direct compression Matrix mini Prolonged the release of drug by matrix [30]
tablet tablet prepared using kollidon SR

Diphenhydramine Direct compression Tablet shows heat and moisture sensitivity [31]
HCL

1.9 Kollidon®VA64 (Copovidone) tablet cores, as a film-forming agent in sprays and as a

matrix.
The Kollidon VA 64 is manufactured by free-radical
polymerisation of 6 parts of N-vinylpyrrolidone and 4 parts Current literature review on kollidon VA64 revealed that
of vinyl acetate in 2-propanol, it has pH 3 – 7 (10 % in mostly solid dispersions were prepared to increase solubility
water), Kollidon VA 64 in formulations for solid dosage and bioavailability of water-insoluble drugs. K. Chmiel et al.
forms, the particle size distribution can be of considerable [38] identified physically stable concentration of amorphous
importance. This particularly applies to the manufacture of solid dispersion in case of Flutamide with Kollidon VA64. R.
tablets. However, it also has importants in solutions, e. g. Dreu et al. [39] formulated multiple-unit tablet containing
film-coating solutions for tablets, as the dissolution rate and enteric coated pellets by using kollidon VA64 as binder,
the dusting properties depend on the proportions of coarse kollidonVA64 was found to be optimal as a cushioning
and fine particles respectively, it has good binding and film- excipient. T. Vojinovic et al. [40] prepared ternary solid
forming properties, their affinity to hydrophilic and dispersions with hydrophilic polymer kollidon VA64 and
hydrophobic surfaces and the relatively low hygroscopicity. surface adsorbent for improving dissolution rate of
Because of these properties, copovidone is used as a binder carbamazepine, he analyzed that ternary solid dispersion
in the production of granules and tablets by wet granulation, prepared with kollidonVA64 hydrophilic polymer and
as a dry binder in direct compression, as film former in adsorption carrier resulted in significant improvement of
coatings on tablets, as a protective layer and sub coat for carbamazepine dissolution rate. F.Tres et al. [41]studied the
pH-dependent controlled release of indomethacin by using
ISSN: 2250-1177 [496] CODEN (USA): JDDTAO
Jagtap et al Journal of Drug Delivery & Therapeutics. 2019; 9(2):493-500

kollidonVA64; the experiments were performed at pH 2 to formulated user-friendly metered-dose transdermal spray
mimic the stomach conditions and pH 6.8 to simulate the (MDTS) of lopinavir; he found that formulation containing 5
post-stomach conditions. He found that only indomethacin %w/v of Kollidon VA 64 had best sprayability and
present in the 5% extrudate exhibits a detectable dissolution volatilisation property. Significantly increase in permeation
rate at pH 2, pointing to a drug release mechanism enhancement and steady-state transdermal flux. K. Kolter et
dependent on the highly water-soluble copovidone. He also al. [45] studied structure and dry binding activity of
analysed that the proposed pH-dependent dissolution model different polymers, including kollidon VA 64, the tablets
can be applied to a wide range of poorly soluble ionizable prepared using kollidon VA 64 showed an improvement in
drugs and may be employed in the future to control and mechanical properties (hardness, friability) with increasing
modulate the drug release in the stomach and small dry binder concentration and greatest binding efficacy. E.
intestine. Maddineni et al. [42] studied, melt extrusion Castellanos Gil et al. [46] formulated oral controlled
technology in combination with Kollidon VA 64 produced delivery system for propranolol hydrochloride by using wet
chemically and physically stable extrudates with higher drug granulation process. He studied the ability of subcoating
loading and enhanced drug release. Nifedipine was found to with Kollidon VA 64 as a barrier to water penetration in
be miscible in Kollidon VA 64 up to 40% w/w drug loading matrix cores; he observed that kollidon VA 64 not only
without demonstrating the need for any processing aids. R. S. increases the mechanical properties of tablets (less friability)
Chaudhary et al. [43] kollidon VA 64 and a combination of but also reduces the amount of absorbed water from the air
Kollidon VA 64 with Kollidon VA 64 fine as an excipient in in tropical stability condition. N. Solanki et al. [47]
direct compression process of tablets, the combination of the formulated 3D printed tablet for rapid drug release by fused
two grades of material was evaluated for capping, deposition modelling (FDM): screening polymers for drug
lamination, and excessive friability. He found that tablets release, drug-polymer miscibility, and printability, he found
with hardness ranging between 19 and 21 kp, with no that mixture of Kollidon VA64 and Affinisol 15 cP is suitable
friability, capping, or lamination issue. D. Patel et al. [44] polymer system for 3D printing and rapid drug release.

Table 6: The reported literature on kollidon VA 64

Name of the drug Method Dosage form Result Ref
Flutamide Solid dispersion Amorphous solid The amorphous solid dispersion was identified as [38]
dispersion physically stable

Carbamazepine Ternary solid dispersion Amorphous solid The result showed improvement of carbamazepine [40]
dispersion dissolution rate

Indomethacin Extrusion spheronization Extrudes the pH-dependent controlled release of [41]

indomethacin was carried out successfully

Celecoxib melt-quenching Amorphous solid Increase in bioavailability was determined. [48]

dispersion

Nifedipine Hot-Melt Extrusion Extrudes Produced physically and chemically stable extrudes [49]
with enhanced flow characteristics and excellent
stability.

Esomeprazole Direct compression Tablet By using kollidon VA 64 friability, capping, or [50]

Magnesium lamination issue were minimised.

Lopinavir Metered-dose Good sprayability, the formulation was stable, and [51]
transdermal spray the permeation rate was enhanced by using kollidon
VA 64
Dicalcium Direct compression Tablet Shows increase in dry binder concentration and [45]
phosphate greatest binding efficacy.
formulation (water-
insoluble) and
vitamin C (Water
soluble) was used
for the study.

Propranolol Wet granulation Tablet Kollidon VA 64 increase mechanical properties of [46]

hydrochloride tablet and also stability

Nimodipine Hot-Melt Extrusion Solid dispersion Effect of high storage temperature on the [52]
recrystallisation rate during the dissolution of
Nimodipine–Kollidon VA64 solid dispersions

Haloperidol Hot-Melt Extrusion 3D printed tablet Enhanced drug release [53]

ISSN: 2250-1177 [497] CODEN (USA): JDDTAO

 Jagtap et al Journal of Drug Delivery & Therapeutics. 2019; 9(2):493-500

1.10 Patents on kollidon based formulations polyvinylpyrrolidone, their use, and production, invention
relates to oral dosage forms comprising one or more active
Patents on kollidon based formulations are presented in
ingredients, a formulated mixture of polyvinyl acetate and
Table. Patents were filed on the applications of various polyvinylpyrrolidone, where appropriate other excipients
grades of kollidon-vis. These grades were used in the
for producing the dosage form, wherein they float on gastric
formulation of drugs with diverse applications such as
fluid and display delayed release of active ingredient.
improvement in solubility, bioavailability, enhanced
Talwar et al. [57] patented an orally administered
absorption, etc. P. Pilgaonkar et al. [54] patented the novel
controlled drug delivery system providing temporal and
sustained release dosage form comprising an active agent
spatial control; the Swelling agent belongs to a class of
and a combination of a non-swelling pH-dependent release
compounds known as superdisintegrants(e.g., cross-linked
retardant and a non-swelling pH-independent release
polyvinylpyrrolidone) used as an immediate release
retardant polymer which provides pH-independent drug
component in the present invention. Roser et al. [58]
release for a considerable period of time after
patented rapidly soluble oral solid dosage forms, methods of
administration, kollidon SR used as sustained release
making same, and compositions thereof; in this invention
polymer and also other kollidon grades were used in the
kollidon and its grades were used as a binder in the
preparation of formulation.V. Kanikanti et al. [55] patented
formulation. Bockbrader et al. [59] patented solid
solid pharmaceutical formulation with delayed release, the
pharmaceutical compositions containing pregabalin; the
invention relates to a solid pharmaceutical preparation with composition includes a matrix forming agent and a swelling
delayed release of the active ingredients which is suitable in
agent and is suitable for once-daily oral administration. The
particular for use in animals. Kollidon SR used as delayed
exemplary matrix forming agents include mixtures of
release polymer in combination with other excipients. K.
polyvinyl acetate and polyvinylpyrrolidone, and exemplary
Kolter et al. [56] patented active ingredient-containing
swelling agents include cross-linked polymers of
floating forms comprising polyvinyl acetate and
polyvinylpyrrolidone.

Table 7: Patents on kollidon based formulations.

Title Patent no Date Kollidon grade Inventors
Novel sustained release dosage form United states patentUS 2009/0053310 A1 26/02/2009 Kollidon SR, VA 64, K30 [54]

Solid pharmaceutical formulation United States patent US 2011/0046072 A1. 24/02/2011 Kollidon SR [55]
with delayed release

Active ingredient-containing floating United states patentUS 6,635,279 B2 21/10/2003 Kollidon SR [56]
forms comprising Polyvinylacetate
and Polyvinylpyrrolidone, their use
and production

an orally administered controlled United States patent US 6,261,601 B1 17/07/2001 Kollidon CL-M [57]
drug delivery system providing
temporal and spatial control

patented rapidly soluble oral solid United States patent US 5,762,961 09/06/1998 Kollidon VA 64 [58]
dosage forms, methods of making
same, and compositions thereof

solid pharmaceutical compositions United states patent US 8,945,620 B2 03/02/2015 Kollidon SR [59]
containing pregabalin

CONCLUSION 3. Lim SM, Pang ZW, Tan HY, Shaikh M, Adinarayana G, Garg S.
Enhancement of docetaxel solubility using binary and ternary
Kollidon is the class of vehicle available in multiple grades. It solid dispersion systems. Drug Dev Ind Pharm.
can be used as a carrier in a large variety of formulations 2015;41(11):1847–55.
such as immediate release, sustain release, binder, stabilizer, 4. Piccinni P, Tian Y, McNaughton A, Fraser J, Brown S, Jones DS,
solubility, and bioavailability enhancer, etc. Hence the review et al. Solubility parameter-based screening methods for early-
presented in this paper can be used as a ready source for stage formulation development of itraconazole amorphous
researchers using kollidon in their formulations. solid dispersions. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2016; 68(5):705–20.

REFERENCES 5. Kollamaram G, Croker DM, Walker GM, Goyanes A, Basit AW,

Gaisford S. Low temperature fused deposition modeling (FDM)
1. Bühler V. Kollidon - Products & Industries - Google Search 3D printing of thermolabile drugs. Int J Pharm. 2018; 545(1–
[Internet]. BASF SE PharmaIngredients&S ervices 2):144–52.
67056Ludwigshafen,Germany. 2008 [cited 2018 Nov 22]. p. 7–
266. Available from: 6. Linka W, Kot M, Kołodziejczyk M. Application of synthetic and
https://www.google.co.in/search?q=basf+kollidon&oq=basf+k semisynthetic polymers (Kollidon K30 and
ollidon&aqs=chrome..69i57j0l5.5831j0j7&sourceid=chrome&i hydroxypropylmethylcellulose) as carriers of ketoprofen in
e=UTF-8 solid oral prolonged-release dosage forms. Polym Med
[Internet]. 2017; 46(2):145–53. Available from:
2. Kollamaram G, Croker DM, Walker GM, Goyanes A, Basit AW, http://www.polimery.umed.wroc.pl/en/article/2016/46/2/1
Gaisford S. Low temperature fused deposition modeling (FDM) 45/
3D printing of thermolabile drugs. Int J Pharm [Internet]. 2018;
545(1–2):144–52. Available from: 7. Fini A, Bergamante V, Ceschel GC, Ronchi C, de Moraes CAF.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.04.055 Fast dispersible/slow releasing ibuprofen tablets. Eur J Pharm
Biopharm. 2008; 69(1):335–41.
ISSN: 2250-1177 [498] CODEN (USA): JDDTAO
Jagtap et al Journal of Drug Delivery & Therapeutics. 2019; 9(2):493-500

8. Dashevsky A, Bussemer T, Mohamad A, Bodmeier R. Process ADR, Nuijen B. Development of an extended-release

and Formulation Variables Affecting the Performance of a formulation of capecitabine making use of in vitro-in vivo
Rupturable Capsule-Based Drug Delivery System with Pulsatile correlation modelling. J Pharm Sci. 2014; 103(2):478–84.
Drug Release. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 2004; 30(2):171–9.
24. Sakr W, Alanazi F, Sakr A. Effect of Kollidon®SR on the release
9. Alsulays BB, Park JB, Alshehri SM, Morott JT, Alshahrani SM, of Albuterol Sulphate from matrix tablets. Saudi Pharm J
Tiwari R V., et al. Influence of molecular weight of carriers and [Internet]. 2011; 19(1):19–27. Available from:
processing parameters on the extrudability, drug release, and http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2010.11.002
stability of fenofibrate formulations processed by hot-melt
extrusion. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol [Internet]. 2015; 29:189–98. 25. Song SH, Chae BR, Sohn S Il, Yeom DW, Son HY, Kim JH, et al.
Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2015.07.011 Formulation of controlled-release pelubiprofen tablet using
Kollidon®SR. Int J Pharm [Internet]. 2016; 511(2):864–75.
10. Linka W, Kot M, Kołodziejczyk M. Application of synthetic and Available from:
semisynthetic polymers (Kollidon K30 and http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.07.074
hydroxypropylmethylcellulose) as carriers of ketoprofen in
solid oral prolonged-release dosage forms. Polym Med. 2017; 26. Sahoo J, Murthy PN, Biswal S, Manik. Formulation of Sustained-
46(2):145–53. Release Dosage Form of Verapamil Hydrochloride by Solid
Dispersion Technique Using Eudragit RLPO or Kollidon®SR.
11. Maroni A, Del Curto MD, Cerea M, Zema L, Foppoli A, Gazzaniga AAPS PharmSciTech [Internet]. 2009; 10(1):27–33. Available
A. Polymeric coatings for a multiple-unit pulsatile delivery from: http://www.springerlink.com/index/10.1208/s12249-
system: Preliminary study on free and applied films. Int J 008-9175-0
Pharm [Internet]. 2013; 440(2):256–63. Available from:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.05.075 27. Arias JL, Gómez-Gallo A, Delgado Á V., Ruiz MA. Kollidon®SR
colloidal particles as vehicles for oral morphine delivery in pain
12. Gonnissen Y, Remon JP, Vervaet C. Effect of maltodextrin and treatment. Colloids Surfaces B Biointerfaces. 2009; 70(2):207–
superdisintegrant in directly compressible powder mixtures 12.
prepared via co-spray drying. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2008;
68(2):277–82. 28. Palazi E, Karavas E, Barmpalexis P, Kostoglou M, Nanaki S,
Christodoulou E, et al. Melt extrusion process for adjusting
13. Friedrich H, Fussnegger B, Kolter K, Bodmeier R. Dissolution drug release of poorly water soluble drug felodipine using
rate improvement of poorly water-soluble drugs obtained by different polymer matrices. Eur J Pharm Sci [Internet]. 2018;
adsorbing solutions of drugs in hydrophilic solvents onto high 114:332–45. Available from:
surface area carriers. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2006; 62(2):171– https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejps.2018.01.004
7.
29. Wiranidchapong C, Ruangpayungsak N, Suwattanasuk P,
14. Maroni A, Del Curto MD, Cerea M, Zema L, Foppoli A, Gazzaniga Shuwisitkul D, Tanvichien S. Plasticizing effect of ibuprofen
A. Polymeric coatings for a multiple-unit pulsatile delivery induced an alteration of drug released from Kollidon SR
system: Preliminary study on free and applied films. Int J matrices produced by direct compression. Drug Dev Ind Pharm.
Pharm. 2013; 440(2):256–63. 2015; 41(6):1037–46.
15. Loka NC, Saripella KK, Pinto CA, Neau SH. Use of extrusion aids 30. Dzajkowska M, Hanna K, Anna M, Maja S, Dagmara D, Anna S, et
for successful production of Kollidon®CL-SF pellets by al. Prolonged-release minitablets with carbamazepine –
extrusion–spheronization. Drug Dev Ind Pharm [Internet]. preliminary observations in vitro. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2017;
2018; 44(4):632–42. Available from: 69(4):471–9.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03639045.2017.1405975
31. Engineer S, Shao ZJ, Khagani NA. Temperature/humidity
16. Amelian A, Szekalska M, Wilczewska AZ, Basa A, Winnicka K. sensitivity of sustained-release formulations containing
Preparation and characterization of orally disintegrating Kollidon® SR. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 2004; 30(10):1089–94.
loratadine tablets manufactured with co-processed mixtures.
Acta Pol Pharm - Drug Res. 2016; 32. Grund J, Koerber M, Walther M, Bodmeier R. The effect of
polymer properties on direct compression and drug release
17. Mishra SM, Rohera BD. An integrated, quality by design (QbD) from water-insoluble controlled release matrix tablets. Int J
approach for design, development and optimization of orally Pharm [Internet]. 2014; 469(1):94–101. Available from:
disintegrating tablet formulation of carbamazepine. Pharm Dev http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.04.033
Technol. 2017; 22(7):889–903.
33. Shergill M, Patel M, Khan S, Bashir A, McConville C.
18. Sheshala R, Khan N, Darwis Y. Formulation and Optimization of Development and characterisation of sustained release solid
Orally Disintegrating Tablets of Sumatriptan Succinate. Chem dispersion oral tablets containing the poorly water soluble
Pharm Bull (Tokyo) [Internet]. 2011; 59(8):920–8. Available drug disulfiram. Int J Pharm. 2016; 497(1–2):3–11.
from:
http://joi.jlc.jst.go.jp/JST.JSTAGE/cpb/59.920?from=CrossRef 34. Sakr W, Alanazi F, Sakr A. Effect of Kollidon®SR on the release
of Albuterol Sulphate from matrix tablets. Saudi Pharm J. 2011;
19. Loka NC, Saripella KK, Pinto CA, Neau SH. Use of extrusion aids 19(1):19–27.
for successful production of Kollidon®CL-SF pellets by
extrusion–spheronization. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 2018; 35. Song SH, Chae BR, Sohn S Il, Yeom DW, Son HY, Kim JH, et al.
44(4):632–42. Formulation of controlled-release pelubiprofen tablet using
Kollidon®SR. Int J Pharm. 2016; 511(2):864–75.
20. Sheshala R, Khan N, Darwis Y. Formulation and Optimization of
Orally Disintegrating Tablets of Sumatriptan Succinate. Chem 36. Sahoo J, Murthy PN, Biswal S, Manik. Formulation of Sustained-
Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 2011; 59(8):920–8. Release Dosage Form of Verapamil Hydrochloride by Solid
Dispersion Technique Using Eudragit RLPO or Kollidon®SR.
21. Shergill M, Patel M, Khan S, Bashir A, McConville C. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2009; 10(1):27–33.
Development and characterisation of sustained release solid
dispersion oral tablets containing the poorly water soluble 37. Palazi E, Karavas E, Barmpalexis P, Kostoglou M, Nanaki S,
drug disulfiram. Int J Pharm [Internet]. 2016; 497(1–2):3–11. Christodoulou E, et al. Melt extrusion process for adjusting
Available from: drug release of poorly water soluble drug felodipine using
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.11.029 different polymer matrices. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2018; 114:332–45.

22. Özgüney I, Shuwisitkul D, Bodmeier R. Development and 38. Chmiel K, Knapik-Kowalczuk J, Jurkiewicz K, Sawicki W,
characterization of extended release Kollidon® SR mini- Jachowicz R, Paluch M. A New Method to Identify Physically
matrices prepared by hot-melt extrusion. Eur J Pharm Stable Concentration of Amorphous Solid Dispersions (I): Case
Biopharm. 2009; 73(1):140–5. of Flutamide + Kollidon VA64. Mol Pharm. 2017; 14(10):3370–
80.
23. Meulenaar J, Keizer RJ, Beijnen JH, Schellens JHM, Huitema
ISSN: 2250-1177 [499] CODEN (USA): JDDTAO
Jagtap et al Journal of Drug Delivery & Therapeutics. 2019; 9(2):493-500

39. Dreu R, Ilić I, Srčič S. Development of a multiple-unit tablet [Internet]. 2018; 107(1):390–401. Available from:
containing enteric-coated pellets. Pharm Dev Technol. 2011; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xphs.2017.10.021
16(2):118–26.
48. Rask MB, Knopp MM, Olesen NE, Holm R, Rades T. Influence of
40. Vojinović T, Medarević D, Vranić E, Potpara Z, Krstić M, Djuriš J, PVP/VA copolymer composition on drug-polymer solubility.
et al. Development of ternary solid dispersions with Eur J Pharm Sci [Internet]. 2016; 85:10–7. Available from:
hydrophilic polymer and surface adsorbent for improving http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejps.2016.01.026
dissolution rate of carbamazepine. Saudi Pharm J. 2018;
26(5):725–32. 49. Maddineni S, Battu SK, Morott J, Majumdar S, Murthy SN, Repka
MA. Influence of Process and Formulation Parameters on
41. Tres F, Treacher K, Booth J, Hughes LP, Wren SAC, Aylott JW, et Dissolution and Stability Characteristics of Kollidon® VA 64
al. Indomethacin-Kollidon VA64 Extrudates: A Mechanistic Hot-Melt Extrudates. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2015; 16(2):444–54.
Study of pH-Dependent Controlled Release. Mol Pharm. 2016;
13(3):1166–75. 50. Chaudhary RS, Patel C, Sevak V, Chan M. Effect of Kollidon
VA®64 particle size and morphology as directly compressible
42. Maddineni S, Battu SK, Morott J, Majumdar S, Murthy SN, Repka excipient on tablet compression properties. Drug Dev Ind
MA. Influence of Process and Formulation Parameters on Pharm. 2018; 44(1):19–29.
Dissolution and Stability Characteristics of Kollidon® VA 64
Hot-Melt Extrudates. AAPS PharmSciTech [Internet]. 2015; 51. Patel D, Kumar P, Thakkar HP. Lopinavir metered-dose
16(2):444–54. Available from: transdermal spray through microporated skin: Permeation
http://link.springer.com/10.1208/s12249-014-0226-4 enhancement to achieve therapeutic needs. Vol. 29, Journal of
Drug Delivery Science and Technology. Elsevier Ltd; 2015. 173-
43. Chaudhary RS, Patel C, Sevak V, Chan M. Effect of Kollidon 180 p.
VA®64 particle size and morphology as directly compressible
excipient on tablet compression properties. Drug Dev Ind 52. Nidhi K, Indrajeet S, Khushboo M, Gauri K, Sen DJ. Hydrotropy:
Pharm [Internet]. 2018; 44(1):19–29. Available from: A promising tool for solubility enhancement: A review. Int J
https://doi.org/10.1080/03639045.2017.1371735 Drug Dev Res. 2011; 3(2):26–33.

44. Patel D, Kumar P, Thakkar HP. Lopinavir metered-dose 53. Solanki NG, Tahsin M, Shah A V., Serajuddin ATM. Formulation
transdermal spray through microporated skin: Permeation of 3D Printed Tablet for Rapid Drug Release by Fused
enhancement to achieve therapeutic needs [Internet]. Vol. 29, Deposition Modeling: Screening Polymers for Drug Release,
Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology. Elsevier Ltd; Drug-Polymer Miscibility and Printability. J Pharm Sci. 2018;
2015. 173-180 p. Available from: 107(1):390–401.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2015.07.004 54. Pilgaonkar P, Rustomjee M, Gandhi A, Jain P, Kelkar A. Patent
45. Kolter K, Flick D. Structure and dry binding activity of different Application Publication. Vol. 1. 2009.
polymers, including Kollidon® VA 64. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 55. Kanikanti V-R, Bach T, Traeubel M, Altreuther G, Rehagen M,
2000; 26(11):1159–65. Schmidt A. Patent Application Publication. Vol. 1. 2011.
46. Castellanos Gil E, Iraizoz Colarte A, Lara Sampedro JL, Bataille 56. Kolter K, Schonherr M, Ascherl H. United States Patent. Vol. 2.
B. Subcoating with Kollidon VA 64 as water barrier in a new 2003.
combined native dextran/HPMC-cetyl alcohol controlled
release tablet. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2008; 69(1):303–11. 57. Talwar N, Sen H, Staniforth J. United States Patent. Vol. 1. 2001.

47. Solanki NG, Tahsin M, Shah A V., Serajuddin ATM. Formulation 58. Roser B, Blair J. United States Patent. 1998.
of 3D Printed Tablet for Rapid Drug Release by Fused
59. Bockbrader H, Cho Y, Santiago S, Mahjour M, Reynolds D, Shao
Deposition Modeling: Screening Polymers for Drug Release,
P, et al. United States Patent. Vol. 2. 2015.
Drug-Polymer Miscibility and Printability. J Pharm Sci

ISSN: 2250-1177 [500] CODEN (USA): JDDTAO