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    Natural Gas Supply Chain Vs 2

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    Natural Gas Supply Chain Vs 2

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    natural-gas-supply-chain

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    natural-gas-supply-chain

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    55 views1 page

    Natural Gas Supply Chain Vs 2

    Uploaded by

    swai singh
    natural-gas-supply-chain

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 1

    8 I Oil and Natural Gas Supply Chains

    America’s Energy Revolution


    Natural Gas Supply Chain

    Processing Plant Hubs


    Processing plants clean raw natural gas by separating impurities and the various Natural gas hubs are locations where natural gas is priced and traded throughout the
    hydrocarbons and fluids from pure natural gas, producing what is known as ‘pipeline country. These ‘market hubs’ are located at the intersection of major pipeline systems.
    quality’ dry natural gas, also known as methane. A fully operational processing plant delivers The principal hub within the United States is the Henry Hub in Louisiana.
    pipeline quality dry natural gas that can be used as fuel by residential, commercial, and
    industrial consumers.
    Fractionator
    The fractionation process is the breaking down of natural gas liquids (NGLs) into their
    Pipeline base components in order to be useful, and occurs at a fractionator facility. Common
    The US natural gas pipeline network is a highly integrated transmission and distribution base components of NGLs include ethane, propane, t and butane. Fractionation occurs in
    grid that can transport natural gas to and from nearly any location in the contiguous stages, separating each base component from the stream of mixed NGLs, one-by-one.
    United States. Pipelines can be characterized as interstate or intrastate. Interstate pipelines
    are long-distance, high-capacity pipelines that transport natural gas throughout the nation.
    Intrastate pipelines link natural gas producers to local markets as well as the interstate pipeline Liquefaction
    system. Liquefaction is the physical conversion of a gas into a liquid state. Liquefaction occurs
    at normal atmospheric pressure by super-cooling the natural gas to -260°F, creating
    liquefied natural gas (LNG). Prior to liquefaction, certain unwanted components, such as dust,
    Regasification acid gases, helium, water, and heavy hydrocarbons, are removed as they can cause difficulty
    Regasification is the process of transforming liquefied natural gas (LNG) into a gaseous downstream.
    state through vaporization, preparing it for use. This process occurs at regasification
    plants, where the temperature of LNG is increased, typically through seawater vaporizers,
    transforming it into gas. Liquefied Natural Gas Shipping
    Liquefied natural gas (LNG) shipping provides a low-cost, safe, and environmentally
    responsible method to move large volumes of product long distances. LNG is
    Storage transported in specially-built tanks on double-hulled ships. LNG carriers are among the safest
    Natural gas is stored in three principal types of large underground storage systems: in the shipping industry, having made more than 100,000 voyages without major incident.
    depleted natural gas reservoirs, aquifers, and salt caverns. More than 80% of natural
    gas storage capability consists of depleted reservoirs, which are relatively easy to convert to
    storage facilities after use and are typically located near consumption centers and existing
    pipeline systems. Natural gas can also be stored as liquefied natural gas (LNG), which reduces
    its volume to 1/600th of the volume of natural gas, making it more efficient and practical to
    store and transport.

    © Copyright 2015 – American Petroleum Institute (API), all rights reserved. Digital Media | DM2015-036 | 03.10

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