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    Annotation and Back Annotation

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    Firdaus Alam
    Annotation refers to updating a schematic to match changes made in a PCB layout. Back annotation refers to updating the layout to match changes made in the schematic. This process is necessary because design is iterative, with simulations identifying needed changes. Keeping the schematic and layout synchronized through annotation and back annotation ensures the reference designators and component information is accurate between the two representations. Circuit simulation also benefits from annotation, as it can more accurately model component delays and timing based on their physical locations on the layout.

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    Annotation and Back Annotation

    Uploaded by

    Firdaus Alam
    44 views3 pages
    Annotation refers to updating a schematic to match changes made in a PCB layout. Back annotation refers to updating the layout to match changes made in the schematic. This process is necessary because design is iterative, with simulations identifying needed changes. Keeping the schematic and layout synchronized through annotation and back annotation ensures the reference designators and component information is accurate between the two representations. Circuit simulation also benefits from annotation, as it can more accurately model component delays and timing based on their physical locations on the layout.

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    Annotation refers to updating a schematic to match changes made in a PCB layout. Back annotation refers to updating the layout to match changes made in the schematic. This process is necessary because design is iterative, with simulations identifying needed changes. Keeping the schematic and layout synchronized through annotation and back annotation ensures the reference designators and component information is accurate between the two representations. Circuit simulation also benefits from annotation, as it can more accurately model component delays and timing based on their physical locations on the layout.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    44 views3 pages

    Annotation and Back Annotation

    Uploaded by

    Firdaus Alam
    Annotation refers to updating a schematic to match changes made in a PCB layout. Back annotation refers to updating the layout to match changes made in the schematic. This process is necessary because design is iterative, with simulations identifying needed changes. Keeping the schematic and layout synchronized through annotation and back annotation ensures the reference designators and component information is accurate between the two representations. Circuit simulation also benefits from annotation, as it can more accurately model component delays and timing based on their physical locations on the layout.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    resources.pcb.cadence.

    com

    What is Annotation and Back Annotation


    in PCB Design?
    OrCAD PCB Solutions
    4-5 minutes

    There are two cases where the words annotation and back-annotation
    will come up in the context of PCB design. One has to do with the
    general EDA (electronic design automation) workflow: you’re moving
    from schematic to PCB layout and back again multiple times, and simply
    need to ensure that all the reference designators are still relevant. The
    other is a bit more technical and has to do with electronic simulation.
    There’s a concept called propagation delay. Regardless of which brought
    you to this post, we’ll cover everything you need to know about
    annotation and back annotation in PCB design.

    What do we mean by annotation and back-annotation in


    PCB design?
    Let’s take a look at your basic EDA workflow.
    The PCB design process generally starts with a schematic: a simple
    block diagram of the different components and their connections. Absent
    from the schematic are any details of the physical layout of the board.
    The schematic simply represents the components and their electrical
    connections. It is essentially a visual manifestation of a netlist. You create
    the schematic using an EDA tool called a schematic editor (e.g. OrCAD
    Capture).
    The next phase of development is to take that schematic and transform it
    into a physical board layout. The PCB layout is a 3D representation of
    schematic, containing all the physical dimensions of your board, including
    the size of components, traces, holes, and other features. This is handled
    using an EDA tool called a PCB editor (e.g. OrCAD PCB Editor or
    Cadence Allegro).
    As you’re probably already well aware, one rarely just goes straight from
    schematic to layout to production. Instead, design is more iterative, with
    simulation identifying design improvements that generate engineering
    change orders (ECOs) which require both schematic and layout to
    undergo numerous updates.
    The process of keeping the schematic information up to date with the
    layout is called annotation. Since changes are often discovered on the
    layout stage, you’ll often find yourself updating the schematic to match
    your new layout, updating the data entries for the schematic based on
    changes to the layout is called back annotation.
    Most of this occurs automatically when you use schematic and PCB
    editors from the same family of EDA tools.

    Reference designators
    The next question you might ask, is what information is being updated
    when you annotate a layout or back-annotate a schematic? Recall that a
    netlist consists of reference designators for components and their
    corresponding connections. When you have to manually back-annotate a
    schematic, you are usually renaming a reference designator, changing a
    pin number, or swapping gates.

    Circuit simulation
    Circuit simulation plays a critical role in designing PCBs for manufacture.
    If you want to gauge how your board will perform in the real world before
    investing in the physical fabrication of a prototype, electronic simulation is
    the way to go.
    Your most basic circuit simulation will take a netlist of components and
    connections and run some calculations to model its electrical
    performance. This test can be run in a schematic editor or on the PCB
    layout itself.
    As you might have guessed, the simulation will be more accurate if run
    on the layout where propagation delays based on component locations
    can be factored into the simulation. Two identical components can
    experience very different logic gate timings depending on where they are
    physically located in a circuit. As a result, your PCB layout can end up
    very different from your schematic, necessitating an update.
    Conclusion
    Both annotation and back-annotation are much easier when you use
    EDA tools from the same family of software. Often times it’s as simple as
    extracting data from the layout and loading it into the schematic to ensure
    all information is correct. Check out Cadence’s suite of PCB design and
    analysis tools today.

    About the Author


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