PRINCIPLES & THEORIES OF LEARNING & MOTIVATION

● Psychosexual Theory/Psychoanalysis - Sigmund Freud

● Psychosocial Theory - Erik Erikson's Theory of Personality

● Ecological Theory - Eric Brofenbrenner's Theory of Development

● Sociohistoric Cognitive Linguistic Theory - Lev Semanovich Vygotsky

● Cognitive Development - Jean Piaget; John Dewey; Jerome Brunner

● Phenomenology - Abraham Maslow; Carl Rogers; Louis Raths

● Behaviorism - Edward Thorndike; Ivan Pavlov; Burrhus Frederick Skinner

● Moral Development - Lawrence Kohlberg

● Ivan Pavlov - classical conditioning

● Edward Thorndike - connectionism

● B.F. Skinner - operant conditioning & reinforcement

● Albert Bandura - "bobo doll" experiment; modelling; self eficacy

● David Ausubel - Meaningful Reception Theory

● Jerome Bruner - Discovery Learning Theory/Inquiry method

● Wolfgang Kohler's - Insight Learning Problem

● Richard Atkinson & Richard Shiffrin's - Information Processing Theory

● Robert Gagne's - Cumulative Learning Theory

● Howard Gardner - Multiple Intelligence

● Kurt Lewin's - Field Theory/ his concept of life space

● Brofenbrenner's - Ecological System Theory

● Lev Vygotsky - Social Constructivism; Zond of Proximal Development (ZPD) * gap b/w actual and
potential development

● Hilda Taba - Grassroots Approach

● Max Wertheimer - Gestalt Psychology

Sharing is Caring!

★ Highway 54 - the old name of EDSA during ww-II

★ Trisomy 21 - also known as down syndrome

★ Kumintang - Filipinos would sing this song in preparation for war battle

★ En ventre sa mere - the right of the unborn child is the same as the right of individual

★ Mark Twain - pen name of Samuel Clemens

★ Heroic Couplet - last two lines of the Sonnet

★ Sergio Osmeña - the first appointed head of the Department of Education during Commonwealth
period

★ Philippine Normal University - established by the Americans for aspiring educators in 1901

★ Animal cells - donot produce cell walls

★ Bousterophedon - Ancient Greeks form of writing

★ Nitrogen - the nost abundant gas in the atmosphere

★ Skin - body's largest organ

★ Chivalric education - also known as social discipline. The educational system which emphasized social
etiquette

★ Socratic method - teachers ask questions to try to get students to clarify and rethink their own ideas,
to come eventually to a deep and clear understanding of philosophical concepts

★ Saracenic education - this education is training for scientific thinking

★ verbatim - word for word

★ Social Justice - very foundation of genuine peace and reconciliation

★ National Treasury - provides the fund to support the Air Quality Management in the Philippines

★ Tomas Pinpin - kauna-unahang manlilimbag na Pilipino

★ Pascual Poblete - tinaguriang "Ama ng Pahayagang tagalog"

★ Oxygen - a by-product of Photosynthesis

★ water - universal solvent

★ Gametes (in human) - contain 22 autosomes and 1 sex chromosome

★ Emilio Jacinto - utak ng Himagikan

★ Apolinario Mabini - utak ng rebolusyon Katipunan

★ Kinkee - the gas lamp used to lighten the streets in intramuros way back in history

★ Miranda rule - right of a person under arrest

★ Epistemology - examines the nature and origin of human knowledge

★ empiricism - holds that the sensory experience is the source of knowledge

★ Agnoticism - coined by Thomas Huxley which means "not knowledge but being able to know

★ metaphysics - it seeks to find out what is ultimately real

★ Horticulture - the art of growing flowers, fruits and vegetables

★ Jus sanguinis - a child follows the nationality or citizenship of the parents regardless of the place of his
birth

★ 1956 - Lupang Hinirang was sung for the first time

★ Element - the simplest substance that cannot be decomposed further by normal chemical means

★ Pedro Bucaneg - Ama ng panitikang Ilocano

★ Intellectual Appreciative Experiences - based on the premise that all the learning has emotional
correlates

★ Thailand - formerly called "Siam"

★ Henry Otley Beyer - proposed the idea that the first Filipinos came through waves of migration from
South to North

★ Klaster - Kambal katinig

★ Trinidad Tecson - Ina ng Biak-na-Bato at Ina ng Kruss na Pula (Red cross)

★ Truman Doctrine - was an american foreign policy created to counter Soviet geopolitical expansion
during the cold war

★ Manila - was named "Distinguished and ever loyal city" by Legaspi

★ Mariano Trias - First Vice President of the Republic of the Philippines

★ Plebiscite - the direct vote of all the members of an electorate on an important public questions such
as a change in the Constitution.
★Monothiest religion - Christianity, Islam, Judaism

★ First sultinate - Sultinate of Sulu

★ Diwata I - first Satellite launched by the Philippines

★ Franchise - given the right to vote

★ disenfranchise - removal of the right to vote

★ Antartica - Largest dessert, cold dessert

★ Bicameralism - upperhouse / Lowerhouse

★ Executive - emplimentinv body

★ Legislative - Lawmaking body

★ Judiciary - interpreting body

★ Ural Mountain - separated Europe and Asia

★ 5 ships of Magellan - Trinidad, Conception, Victoria, San Antonio, & San Tiago

★ Mongoloids - Known as the Yellow race

📚 Ang Wastong Gamit ng Salita 📌

📔 Ng at Nang

⭕ Gamit ng NG

⏩ ginagamit bilang pantukoy

▶Halimbawa: Nag-aaral ng Ilokano si Sonia.

⏩ ginagamit bilang pang-ukol na ang katumbas sa ingles ay with

▶Halimbawa: Hinampas niya ng payong ang aso.

⏩ ginagamit bilang pang-ukol na ang katumbas ay sa

▶ Halimbawa: Magsisiuwi ng Pilipinas ang magagaling na doktor.

⭕ Gamit ng NANG

⏩ ginagamit na pangatnig sa hugnayang pangungusap bilang panimula ng katulong na sugnay o sugnay

na di makapag-iisa

▶Halimbawa: Nang siya ay dumating, dumagsa ang tao.

⏩ ginagamit bilang pang-abay na nanggaling sa “na” na inangkupan ng “ng” kayat nagiging “nang”

▶Halimbawa: Nagbalita nang malakas ang aking kaibigan sa opisina.

📔May at Mayroon

⭕ Gamit ng May

⏩ ginagamit ang may kung ang sumusunod na salita ay:

✅ Pangngalan

▶Halimbawa: May batang nahulog.

✅ Pandiwa

▶Halimbawa: May sasayaw na babae mamayang gabi.

✅ Pang-uri

▶Halimbawa: May bagong bahay na nasunog.

✅ Panghalip na paari
▶Halimbawa: May kanya-kanya tayong alam.

✅ Pantukoy na mga

▶Halimbaa: May mga batang pupunta dito mamaya.

✅ Pang-ukol na sa

▶Halimbawa: May sa-kalabaw ang boses ng taong iyan.

⭕ Gamit ng Mayroon

⏩ sinusundan ng panghalip na palagyo

▶Halimbawa: Mayroon kaming dadaluhang pulong bukas.

⏩ sinusundan ng isang kataga

▶Halimbawa: Mayroon ding pulong ang kababaihan.

⏩ ginagamit sa patalinghagang kahulugan

▶Halimbawa: Si Mayor Favila ang mayroon sa lahat.

📔 Pahirin at Pahiran

⭕ pahirin – pag-aalis o pagpawi

⭕ pahiran – paglalagay ng bagay

▶Halimbawa:

◇ Pahirin mo ang dumi sa iyong mukha.

 ◇ Pahiran mo ng pulang pintura ang gate.

📔 Walisin at Walisan

⭕ walisin – pandiwang pokus sa layon.

⭕ walisan – pandiwang pokus sa ganapan.

▶Halimbawa:

◇ Walisin mo ang mga tuyong dahon sa bakuran.

◇ Walisan mo ang bakuran.

📔 Maliban at Bukod

⭕ maliban – (except o aside) may kahulugang matangi sa bagay na binanggit ay wala nang iba.

⭕ bukod – (in addition to o besides) karagdagang sa mga bagay na binanggit.

▶Halimbawa:

◇ Maliban sa lupa, wala na siyang maiiwan sa nag-iisang anak.

◇ Bukod sa lupa, may bahay pa siyang maiiwan sa nag-iisang anak.

📔 Kung at Kong

⭕ Gamit ng Kung

⏩ ginagamit na pangatnig sa mga sugnay na di makapag-iisa sa mga pangungusap na hugnayan

▶Halimbawa: Kung siya’y narito, tayo’y magiging magulo.

⭕ Gamit ng Kong
⏩ buhat sa panghalip na ko ang kong at nilalagyan lamang ng pang-angkop na ng sa pakikiugnay sa
salitang sumusunod:

▶Halimbawa: Ipinagtapat kong nangyari.

📔 Din at Rin; Daw at Raw; Doon at Roon

⭕ Gamit ng din, daw, doon

⏩ ginagamit kapag ang nauunang salita ay nagtatapos sa katinig maliban sa w at y

▶Halimbawa:

◇ Napanood din nila ang pelikula.

◇ Napanood daw nila ang pelikula.

◇ Napanood doon nila ang pelikula.

⭕ Gamit ng rin, raw, roon

⏩ ginagamit kapag ang nauunang salita ay nagtatapos sa patinig. Ang w at y ay itinutuing na

malapatinig. Samakatuwid, ang rin, raw, roon ay ginagamit kapag ang sinusundang salita ay nagtatapos
sa mga titik na ito.

▶Halimbawa:

◇ Himala rin ang kailangan niya.

◇ Kaliwete raw ang dalaga.

◇ Umuwi roon ang kanyang asawa.

📔Ika at Ika-

⭕ Gamit ng ika

⏩ ginagamit bilang panlapi sa bilang na isinusulat bilang salita

▶Halimbawa:
 ◇ ikatlong taon

◇ Ikalimang araw

⭕ Gamit ng ika-

⏩ ginagamit ang ginitlingan na “ika” bilang panlapi kung mismong bilang ang isusulat.

▶Halimbawa:

◇ ika-25 ng Enero

◇ Ika-5 taon

📔Maka at Maka-

⭕ Gamit ng maka

⏩ ginagamit ang “maka” na walang gitling kung pangngalang pambalana ang kasunod na salita

▶Halimbawa: Naglunsad ng poetry reading ang mga makabayan.

⭕ Gamit ng maka-

⏩ ginagamit ang may gitling na “maka-“ kapag sinusundan ng pangngalang pantangi

▶Halimbawa: Maka-Nora ang mga nanonood ng kanyang mga pelikula.

📔Gawin at Gawan

⭕ Gamit ng Gawin

⏩ ginagamit ang mga panlapi -in/-hin sa mga pandiwang pokus sa layon

▶Halimbawa: Gawin mo ang sa tingin mo ay tama.

⭕ Gamit ng Gawan

⏩ ginagamit ang panlaping -an/-han sa mga pandiwang pokus sa direksyon ▶Halimbawa: Subukan
mong gawan siya ng mabuti.

💮CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT💮

♥️SABERTOOTH CURRICULUM - responsive to the environment

♥️SPIRALLED CURRICULUM - increasing level of difficulty

♥️CURRICULUM - planning, design, development, implement, evaluation, engineering

♥️CURRICULUM PLANNING - aligned to mission, vision, goals

☯️TYPES OF LESSON:

👉• development lesson

👉• review lesson

👉• drill lesson

👉• appreciation lesson

☯️ENCULTURATION TYPOLOGIES

👉• pre-figurative

👉• post figurative

👉• co figurative

☯️ACCULTURATION TYPOLOGIES

👉• adopted change

👉• free borrowing

☯️SOCIETAL TRENDS - Alvin Teoffer

👉• explosion

👉• implosion

👉• technoplosion

👉• dysplosion
♥️PREFIGURATIVE - learn older generation

♥️POST FIGURATIVE - learn younger generation

♥️CO FIGURATIVE - learn same age

♥️ADOPTED CHANGE - acculturation that is imposed

♥️EXPLOSION - influx of people from rural to urban

♥️INPLOSION - influx of information

♥️TECHNOPLOSION - influx of ICT tools and gadgets

♥️DYSPLOSION - deterioration of human values

♥️KNOWLEDGE FOR PRACTICE – malaman | teacher preparation

♥️KNOWLEDGE IN PRACTICE – maranasan | artistry of practice

♥️KNOWLEDGE OF PRACTICE – maunawaan | systematic inquiries about teaching

☯️CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT - decision making

☯️TYPES OF KNOWLEDGE

♥️• content knowledge

♥️• pedagogical knowledge

♥️• technological knowledge

♥️• context knowledge

☯️LEE S. SHULMANS - PCK model

♥️ELEMENT OF TIMELINESS – classic | transcends through generation

♥️ELEMENT OF TIMELESSNESS - can withstand the test of time

☯️TOTAL DEVELOPMENT

♥️• beginner survival

♥️• content survival

♥️• mastery survival

☯️TYPES OF ENVIRONMENT
♥️• social

♥️• economic

♥️• cultural

♥️• political

♥️• technological

♥️• ethico moral

☯️J. ABNER PEDDWELL (1939) - sabertooth curriculum

☯️4 DOMAINS

♥️1. planning and preparation

♥️2. classroom environment

♥️3. instruction

♥️4. professional response

☯️TRIVIUM - rhetoric (speech) | grammar (English) | logic

☯️QUADRIVIUM – arithmetic | geometry | music |astronomy

♥️ARITHMETIC - number itself

♥️GEOMETRY - number in space

♥️MUSIC - number in time

♥️ASTRONOMY - number in time and space

♥️HERACLITUS - one cannot bathe in the same river twice

☯️CURRICULUM - sum total of all the experiences provided by the school to students for optimum
growth and development

👉HARD SKILLS - what do you want the students to learn?

👉SOFT SKILLS - why do you want them to learn it?

☯️THEORY OF APPERCEPTION - familiar to unfamiliar

☯️EDUCATIONAL DELIVERY SYSTEM

♥️• instruction
♥️• research & extension library

♥️• communication school guidance

♥️• physical facilities canteen

♥️• curriculum

♥️SERVICE LEARNING - teaching method that combines meaningful service to the community with
curriculum based learning and education in action

♥️CLOZE TEST/ PROCEDURE - every 5th or 7th word is omitted

♥️ARBORESCENT - growth is vertical

♥️RHIZOMATIC - growth is horizontal

♥️PROGRESSIVE LEARNING - in order

♥️RETROGRESSIVE LEARNING - reverse order

♥️ROTE LEARNING - not progressive or retro

☯️5 MAJOR CLUSTERS OF STRATEGIES

♥️• direct instruction

♥️• indirect instruction

♥️• experiential learning

♥️• independent study

♥️• interactive instruction

♥️DIRECT INSTRUCTION - developing skills or providing information

♥️INDIRECT INSTRUCTION - involvement

♥️EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING - process not product

♥️INDEPENDENT STUDY - student initiative

♥️INTERACTIVE INSTRUCTION - social skills

♥️PHILIPS 66 - students group by 6 | 6mins time

❄️MUSIC TYPOLOGIES

♥️• story music

♥️• program music

♥️• pure or absolute music

👉STORY MUSIC - tells a story

👉PROGRAM MUSIC - describes

👉PURE OR ABSOLUTE MUSIC - doesn’t tell or describe

👉GESSELSCHAFTLICH – market | perspective of schooling | (efficiency, productivity, competition)

👉GEMEINSHAFT – community | cultural relationship

☯️TECHNOLOGICAL FORCES OF CHANGE

👉• acceleration- mabilis

👉• novelty – new

👉• diversity

☯️MAX SCHELLER - state of valuelessness | anomie

☯️EDUCATION TYPOLOGIES

👉• formal

👉• non formal- alternative learning system

👉• informal - hidden curriculum

☯️STRATIFICATION - divided grouping

☯️PRIMARY GROUP – family |face to face | intimate and personal

☯️SECONDARY GROUP – impersonal | business like | casual

☯️IN GROUP – solidarity | camaraderie | sympathetic attitude

☯️OUT GROUP – indifference | avoidance | hatred

☯️PEER GROUP - same age | social and economic status including interest

☯️CLIQUE - different age | same interest

☯️INDIVIDUAL BENEFITS

👉• knowledge
👉• skills

👉• values

☯️SOCIETAL BENEFITS

♥️• social

♥️• economic

♥️• cultural

♥️• technological

♥️• political

♥️• ethico moral

☯️SOCIOLOGICAL FOUNDATION OF CURRICULUM - belief will determine the practice

☯️CHARACTERS OF CULTURE

♥️• diverse - environment

♥️• gratifying – needs based

♥️• learned - instruction

♥️• adaptive – borrowed, imposed and invented

♥️• social - contact

♥️• transmitted - language

☯️HOW IS CULTURE LEARNED

♥️• enculturation – learning own culture

♥️• acculturation – Knowing the culture of other people

♥️• inculturation – adapt the culture of other people

☯️CULTURAL COMPONENTS

♥️1. means of living

♥️2. ways of living

☯️TYPOLOGIES OF CULTURE
♥️1. material

♥️2. non material

☯️CULTURAL VIEWS

♥️1. ethnocentrism – my culture is better

♥️2. xenocentrism – your culture is better

☯️THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES OF CURRICULUM

♥️• traditional – cultural heritage

♥️• experiential – experience for the growth of individual

♥️• structure of discipline – structure of discipline of knowledge

♥️• behavioral -

♥️• constructivist

⭐SCHOOL - a privileged place where cultural transmission occurs

⭐COLONIAL MENTALITY - preference for foreign

⭐CURRICULUM ENGINEERING - comprises all process and activities that are necessary to keep the school
curriculum dynamic and functional

☯️CURRICULUM PERSPECTIVES

👉1. ideal – represents what scholars say and advocate

👉2. formal – standards sets by the education agencies

👉3. instructional – represents the course syllabus / lecture notes used by the teachers

👉4. operational – represents the actual teaching learning process

👉5. experiential – more powerful / what the students think about the lesson delivered by the teachers

👉6. hidden – students learned experiences outside the classroom

☯️TRIARCHIC THEORY OF INTELLIGENCE - Robert Sternberg

ASSURE MODEL

👉• analyses learners

👉• state objectives
👉• select media and materials

👉• utilize media and materials

👉• require learner participation

☯️SMITH AND NAGEL PPPF

👉• prepare yourself

👉• prepare your student

👉• present material

👉• follow up

☯️CURRICULUM IMPLEMENTATION - process of ensuring that the curriculum that has been planned or
developed is one being actually implemented or taught by the teacher

☯️CURRICULUM EVALUATION - process of determining the EFFECTIVENESS of a curriculum and the

EFFICIENCY with which it is implemented

☯️INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN

♥️• used to create curricula

♥️• individual learning areas

♥️• instructional materials

☯️CURRICULUM DESIGN -determining the building blocks of curriculum

♥️• LEARNING CONTENT

♥️• LEARNING OBJECTIVES

♥️• LEARNING EXPERIENCES

☯️• LEARNING EVALUATION

☯️DESIGN BACKWARD and DELIVER FORWARD –

👉• learning outcomes and course outcomes

👉• program outcomes

• institutional outcomes

☯️PHILOSOPHY -common belief

☯️VISION - future

☯️MISSION - task

☯️STRATEGIES - core areas

☯️SUCCESS FACTORS - metric system

☯️STATEMENT OF PURPOSES

♥️• aim - national level

♥️• goal - school level

♥️• objectives - classroom level

♥️• target - individual

🌍RSEP - revised sec education program

🌍RBEC - restructured basic education curriculum

🌍BEHAVIORIST - correct answer | stimulus response

🌍COGNITIVIST - correct method

🌍CONSTRUCTIVIST - correct meaning thru sense making

Mnemonic ProfEd

Child and Adolescent Dev.

SPA - Sigmund PsychoAnalytic (Id, Ego, SuperEgo)

SPS - Sigmund PsychoSexual (OAPhaLaG - Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency and Genital

EPS - Erickson PsychoSocial

JP C Dev - Jean Piaget Cognitive Development

 ▪ SPC fo

- Sensorimotor

- Preoperational

- Concrete operations

- Formal Operations

JB C Dev - Jerome Bruner Cognitive Dev

▪Enactive - sensory stimuli (actions)

▪ Iconic - concrete representations (images)

▪ Symbolic - abstract representations (language, word and symbols)

JoWaBeDe - John Watson Behaviorist Development

LakoMoDe - Lawrence Kohlberg Moral Development

LeVy LCD - Lev Vygotsky Lingustic Cognitive Development

▪ ZPD - Zone of proximal Development

Stages of Human Development (PIBEMLAADO)

▪Prenatal - (GEF) Genital, Embryonic, Fetal

▪Infancy

▪Babyhood

▪Early childhood

▪Middle childhood

▪Late childhood

▪Adolescence
▪Adulthood

▪Old Age

Principles and Theory of learning motivation

PCSO - Pavlov Classical Skinner Operant

ETC THREE - Edward Thorndike Connectionism

▪ THREE - Thorndike, Readiness, Exercise, Effect

ABS - ABM - Albert Bandura Social learning theory -

▪ ABM - Albert bandura Modeling

▪BoBo Doll experiment

▪ARMM - Attention, Retention, Motor reproduction, Motivational

DAMR - David Ausubel Meaningful Reception

▪DAGO - David Ausubel graphic organizer

JB D LeT - Jerome Bruner Discovery Lerning Theory

KIL - Kohler's Insight Learning

RoGaCuLe - Robert Gagne Cumulative Learning

GMI - Gardner's Multiple Intelligence (MILLSBIN)

▪Musical - musical pattern

▪Intrapersonal - Oneself

▪Linguistic - Language

▪Logical - mathematical pattern

▪Spatial - space

▪Bodily - Body parts

▪Interpersonal - with other people

▪Natural - environment/nature

Ur BEST - Urie Bronfenbrener's Ecological System Theory

Envi context ( MiMe Exsy MaCh)

▪Mi - Microsystem

▪Me - Mesosystem

▪Exsy - Exosystem

▪Ma - Macrosystem

▪Ch - Chronosystem

LeSCo - Levy Social Constructivism

Mark 11:24

“Therefore I say to you, whatever things you ask when you pray, believe that you receive them, and you
will have them”

Proverbs 3:5-8

"Trust in the Lord with all your heart, and lean not on your own understanding; In all your ways
acknowledge Him, and He shall direct your path.

GENERAL EDUCATION (25 Questions)

Yung may ❤ yan po yung correct answers.

1. He established the tobacco monopoly during the Spanish era.

a. Jose Basco ❤

b. Rafael Izquierdo

c. Basilio Agustin

d. Francisco Rizzo

2. Technology ____ dramatically in the twenty-first century.

a. Was improved

b. Has improved ❤

c. Is improved

d. Did improve

3. A bread – and butter sandwich ______ my favorite morning snack.

a. Is ❤

b. Has been

c. Are

d. Have been

4. This is a segmented worm that can be used to facilitate anticoagulation.

a. Leeches ❤

b. Maggots

c. Earthworms

d. Bloodworms

5. The ____ of the story is that friendship is sacred.

a. Morale
b. Message

c. Moral ❤

d. lesson

6. What are the prime factors of 273?

a. 3x3x7x7

b. 2x3x13

c. 3x7x13 ❤

d. 3x3x6x9

7. This is the surface of the earth between the Tropic Cancer and Arctic Circle.

a. Plane

b. Circle

c. Zone ❤

d. Cone

8. Political idealists advocate ideals in politics such as justice, and fairness. Political realist have a more
realist viewpoint of politics, aptly stated by “Might is right”. Who among the following is more of a
political realist rather than political idealist?

a. Julius Caesar ❤

b. Mohatma Ghandi

c. Martin Luther King

d. Benigno Jr. Aquino

9. Even when her friends betray her, Becky bears no rancor in her heart because she is not ___.

a. Insulted
b. Embarrassed

c. Consoled

d. Bitter ❤

10. If I ___ known you before, we could have become partners for a project.

a. Will

b. Could

c. Had ❤

d. Have

11. These are the thin structures of cytokinesis amoeboid movement changes in the cell shape.

a. Pseudofilaments

b. Myosinfilamints

c. Microfilamints❤

d. Nanofilamints

12. All important factors must be considered to arrive at a sound ______.

a. Query

b. Change

c. Problem

d. Decision ❤

13. The cause of power outage was a ______connection.

a. Lose

b. Loose❤
c. Lost

d. Losing

14. Virtual face-to-face communication is made possible by this software.

a. Google

b. Skype ❤

c. Twitter

d. Facebook

15. “My head is bloody, but unbowed”

a. Metaphor

b. Simile

c. Alliteration

d. Hyperbole ❤

16. The shakesperean classic saw the predicament of two lovers from warring families.

a. Hamlet and Ophelia

b. Anthony and Cleopatra

c. Ana and the King

d. Romeo and Juliet ❤

17. If the opposite sides of a quadrilateral are equal, the figure is a _____.

a. Shambers

b. Rectangle

c. Square
d. Parallelogram ❤

18. The proposed equipment ______within the budget of the school.

a. Are

b. Is ❤

c. Is appearing

d. Are appearing

19. The Philippine Legislature has two houses: senate and House of Representatives. What term best
describes this setup?

a. Bicameralism ❤

b. Bipartisanship

c. Unicameralism

d. Co-legislative power

20. How do you call the tax imposed on all employed and practicing professionals?

a. Income Tax ❤

b. Real estate tax

c. Community Tax

d. Inheritance Tax

21. This field with the study of how human beings behave.

a. Philosophy

b. Morality

c. Psychology ❤

d. Ethics
22. Which of the following is considered the lowest form of learning?

a. Perceiving❤

b. Responding

c. Conditioning

d. Teaching

23. Reason must be used in understanding the existence of God. Who advocated this philosophy?

a. St. Benedict

b. St. Peter

c. St. John

d. St. Thomas Aquinas ❤

24. If the principles and theories of human behavior were to be applied to teaching and learning. The
field will be called ____.

a. Educational Theory

b. Educational Philosophy

c. Educational Psychology ❤

d. Educational Sociology

25. In July 1901, Isabelo delos Reyes founded the first labor union in the country. What was its name?

a. Association of the Philippine Labor

b. Union Obrera Democratica ❤

c. Union Trabajadores de Filipinos

d. Association De Compania Tabacalera

🌿🌿Five Pillars of ESD🌿🌿

ESD supports five fundamental types of learning to provide quality education and foster sustainable
human development, namely;

💮 Learning to know - To recognize the evolving nature of the concept of sustainability - To reflect the
ever-growing needs of societies - To acknowledge that fulfilling local needs often has international
effects and consequences - To address content, context, global issues and local priorities

💮 Learning to be - To build on the principles and values that underline sustainable development - To
deal with the well-being of all three realms of sustainability – environment, society, and economy - To
contribute to a person’s complete development: mind and body, intelligence, sensitivity, aesthetic
appreciation and spirituality

💮 Learning to live together - To build capacity for community-based decision making, social tolerance,
environmental stewardship, adaptable workforce and quality of life

💮 Learning to duo - To contribute to a concrete reality for all our daily decisions and actions - To build a
sustainable and safe world for everyone

 💮 Learning to transform oneself and society - To integrate the values inherent in sustainable
development into all aspects of learning - To empower people to assume responsibility for creating and
enjoying a sustainable future

⏰General Education Reviewers FC:

1. Which of the following have a stronger diagnostic value when one considers specific details?
A. Performance tests

B. Restricted Essay tests

C. Completion tests

D. Multiple choice tests

Ans.B Restricted Essay tests used to assess student's knowledge of the subject content & writing ability

2. The LET possesses ______ validity when it's items sample adequately the competencies tested in the
syllabi.

A. Content Validity

B. Constructive

C. Concurrent

D. Predictive

A.Content Validity sometimes called logical or rational Validity. It is the estimate of how much a measure
represents every element of a construct.

Is often seen as a prerequisite to Criterion Validity because it is a good indicator of whether the desired
trait is measured. If element of test are irrelevant to the main construct then it's creating potential bias.

3. This would ensure that your test in criterion - referenced testing is fair.

A. Questions are contributed by the students

B. objectives for the unit is used as guide in your test construction

C. allow the students to choose the questions they would answer

Ans. B

4. Quiz is to ______ test as Periodic test is to ______.

A. formative - summative

B. summative - criterion - reference

C. summative - formative

D. formative - diagnostic

Ans. A

5. In test construction, TOS means?

A. Table of Specific Testing

B. Table of Specifications

C. Terms of Specification

D. Table of Specifics

Ans. B

6. The Philippine Elementary School Curriculum gives greater emphasis on the basic skills like reading,
writing, & arithmetic. What is the philosophical basis for this?

A. Pragmatism

B. Perennialism

C. Essentialism

D. Existentialism

Ans. C

A. Pragmatism-practical/practice

B. Perennialism-never changing/may forever

C. Essentialism-back to basic

D. Existentialism-choice, freedom , unique

7. Teacher H asks one of her students, "what do you want to become when you grow up?" This question
is an indication of what kind of philosophy?

A. Progressivism

B. Naturalism

C. Existentialism

D. idealism

Ans. D

8. Teacher X has not only explained the concept of Philosophy of Education but also imparted this to her
students. This demonstrates what kind of philosophy?

A. Naturalism

B. Idealism

C. Realism

D. Perennialism

8. Teacher X has not only explained the concept of Philosophy of Education but also imparted this to her
students. This demonstrates what kind of philosophy?

A. Naturalism

B. Idealism

C. Realism

D. Perennialism

Ans. C

9. In his class, teacher M always presents principles & values so as to encourage his students to examine
them & decide for themselves whether to accept them or not. What kind of philosophy does he
practice?
A. Idealism

B. Essentialism

C. Humanism

D. Existentialism

Ans. D

Existentialism- choice, decide

10. When a teacher emphasizes that man's sense should be trusted because they are the only way to
acquire knowledge, the teacher can be regarded as

A. Naturalist

B. Realist

C. Empiricist

D. Pragmatist

Answer : C

11. Teacher K views her students as unique, free choosing & responsible individuals. She plans activities
where the students can develop their unique personality. What theory underlies this nature of the
students?

A. Realism

B. Essentialism

C. Existentialism

D. Progressivism

Ans. C

12. "Learning is the process of retrieving prior learning". This is a statement from;

A. Constructivist

B. Reconstructivist
C. Progressivist

D. Empiricist

Ans. A

Constructivist- prior learning

Reconstructivist- problem in society

Empiricist-sense

13. Teacher U teaches to his students that pleasure is not the highest good. Teacher's teaching is against
what philosophy?

A. Realism

B. Hedonism

C. Epicureanism

D. Empiricism

Ans.B hedonism

Pleasure is not the highest good

14. After listening to the homily of the Priest about Fidelity, Catherine has a moment of reflection. Her
understanding of the value of Fidelity has become deeper as she related this to her past experience. This
typifies what kind of philosophy?

A. Constructivism

B. Reconstructivism

C. Humanism

D. Existentialism

Ans.A Constructivism -meaningful learning

15. After studying the Principle of identity, teacher W asks her students to determine which among the
given set of problems conforms to the said identity. This shows that teacher W upholds what kind of
philosophy?

A. Perennialism

B. Progressivism

C. Essentialism

D. Naturalism

Answer: B

16. Thea listened to the advice given by her sister to end the relationship that she has with Gilbert.
However, her sister learned that the advice she has given was not followed & Thea decided to continue
the relationship. This action of Thea is a manifestation of what kind of philosophy?

A. Essentialism

B. Existentialism

C. Perennialism

D. Humanism

Answer B

18. Matilda is an advocate of the Principle "making the most of your life". She is indeed an advocate of
what kind of philosophy?

A. Humanism

B. Perennialism

C. Realism

D. Existentialism

Answer: A

Humanism is a philo philosophy that stresses to "Live life to the fullest".

19. Teacher X is a very dedicated teacher in the nursery. Her foremost concern is for students to learn
how to adapt themselves in the environment. This shows that teacher X upholds what kind of
philosophy?

A. Naturalism

B. Pragmatism

C. Progressivism

D. Rationalism

Answer is A

Naturalism aims to unfold the child's potential , not to prepare him a definite vocation or social position
but to prepare him to adapt to the changing times & needs.

20. Teacher J serves as an inspiration to his students because of his efficiency & effectiveness as a
teacher. The mind set of his students towards him/her is an instance of what kind of philosophy?

A. Realism

B. Idealism

C. Nationalism

D. Constructivism

Answer B

21. John learns well through active interplay with others. His learning increases when engaged in
activities that has meaning in him. Which philosophy can describe this?

A. Progressivism

B. Idealism

C. Realism

D. Empiricism

22. Your teacher is of the opinion that the World & everything in it are ever changing & so he teaches
you the skill to cope with the changes. Which in his governing philosophy?
A. Experimentalism

B. Existentialism

C. Idealism

D. Realism

23. Principal C shares this thought with his teachers. "Subject Matter should help students understand &
appreciate themselves as unique individuals who accept complete responsibility for their thoughts,
feelings & actions". From which philosophy is this thought based?

Teacher V teaches her students to appreciate themselves as unique individuals & to accept the
responsibility to their feelings, actions & thoughts. She upholds the philosophy of;

A. Perennialism

B. Essentialism

C. Existentialism

D. Progressivism

24. Teacher H class is an engage in problem solving activity which in a way is a reflection to the personal
& social experiences. The purpose of this activity is for the students to acquire the skills that can help
them in solving their own real - life problems. What philosophy can best describe this?

A. Realism

B. Idealism

C. Progressivism

D. Existentialism

25. In the Social Science class of teacher G, students identify the various social & economic problems
that require urgent solutions. They not only discuss the ways to address it but also agreed to participate
in solving them. What kind of philosophy does this class uphold?

A. Naturalism

B. Constructivism
C. Progressivism

D. Reconstructivism

Answers: AACCD

26. A Curriculum should only include those that have survived the test of time & combine the symbols of
literature, history, & Mathematics. Thus, Curriculum like this contains values that are constant &
universal. What philosophy describes this kind of curriculum?

A. idealism

B. perennialism

C. humanism

D. essentialism

27. Who among the following puts more emphasis on core requirements, longer school day, longer
academic year & more challenging textbooks?

A. Perennialist

B. Essentialist

C. Progressivist

D. Existentialist

28. "Education is a continuous process of experiencing & of visiting or reorganizing experiences"

according to a Progressivist. What does it mean?

A. Education begins & ends in school

B. Education takes place anytime & anywhere

C. Education happens formally & informally

D. Education goes on throughout life

29. Mr. Cruz exemplifies an ideal teacher & son. He is competent in his field based on the various
recognition that he received from his school. As a dutiful son, he assumes all the responsibilities of
raising his family (this includes his parents, siblings, & their own families) giving all their needs & wants.
The fulfillment of these is the neglect of the responsibilities to himself. This attitude of Mr. Cruz is
against what kind of philosophy?

A. existentialism

B. constructivism

C. pragmatism

D. humanism

30. Teacher R ensures to put a certain amount of his monthly earnings in the bank. At the given end of
the school year, he used all his savings in visiting places rich of cultural heritages rather than of buying
expensive clothes, jewelry, & latest gadgets. Favoring the former action over the latter exhibits that
teacher R follows what kind of philosophy?

A. existentialism

B. essentialism

C. behaviorism

D. progressivism

Ans. 26-30 BBDDA

CURRENT EVENTS (National and International)

for LET Takers 📷

1. This program was launched by the DOTr which greatly affected transport groups and resulted to
several transport strike because one of its provisions includes phasing out of jeepneys.

A. PUV Modernization Program📷

B. Jeepney Phaseout Program

C. Jeepney Modernization program

D. None of these

2. One hundred-three (103) shipping containers from Canada which were falsely declared as plastic
scraps for recycling were sent to the Philippines from June 2013 to January 2014. What do these
containers have?

A. Fruits

B. Old clothes

C. Garbage📷

D. Illegal drugs

3. On July 23, 2018, a total of 184 lawmakers booted him out as Speaker of the House, the same day the
17th Congress opened its 3rd regular session.

A. Danilo E. Suarez

B. Pantaleon Alvarez📷

C. Rodolfo Fariñas

D. Juan Miguel Zubiri

4. He was the controversial Tanauan, Batangas mayor who was assassinated by an unknown sniper
during a flag-raising ceremony.

A. Mayor Anthony Palili

B. Mayor Meynardo Sabili

C. Mayor Antonio Halipi

D. Mayor Antonio Halili📷

5. On June 4, 2018, twenty-five people died after this volcano in Guatemala erupted.

A. Pacaya

B. Acatenango

C. Santa Maria

D. Volcan de Fuego📷
6. The date when the Philippines won against China on its case on the Permanent Court of Arbitration.

A. July 27, 2016

B. July 13, 2016

C. July 11, 2016

D. July 12, 2016📷

7. A rainfall advisory from PAG-ASA which means 30mm and up of rainfall is expected for the first one
hour and has possibility to cause severe flood. Response to this warning should be immediate
evacuation due to flooding.

A. Yellow

B. Blue

C. Red📷

D. Orange

8. On May 18, 2018, this museum was opened to the public for the first time. It is hosted inside the
building formerly occupied by the Department of Tourism within Rizal Park near the Agrifina Circle.

A. National Museum of the Philippines

B. Museo Pambansa

C. Museum of Contemporary Art and Design

D. National Museum of Natural History📷

9. On February 2, 2018, President Rodrigo Duterte signed____________or the Free Irrigation Service
Act, a law that waives irrigation fees for farmers who own 8 hectares of land or less.

A. Republic Act No. 11969

B. Republic Act No. 10169

C. Republic Act No. 10969📷

D. Republic Act No. 10968

10. It is the country that hosted the Trump-Kim Summit last June 12, 2018.

A.Singapore📷

B. Malaysia
C. Japan

D. China

12. Last April 26, 2018, this world- famous island was closed to tourists for six months and will undergo
rehabilitation.

A. Camiguin island

B. Guimaras island

C. Samal island

D. Boracay island📷

13. The Barangay and Sangguiang Kabataan elections were held on:

A. May 13, 2018

B. May 16, 2018

C. May 15, 2018

D. May 14, 2018📷

14. Benham Rise is a 13-million hectare underwater plateau located near Aurora. The area is solely
claimed, as part of its continental shelf, by the Republic of the Philippines, which was confirmed by the
United Nations Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf on April 12, 2012. Thru the Executive
Order No. 25, President Duterte renamed the underwater plateau. What do we call Benham Rise now?

A. Maharlika Rise

B. Benham Continental Shelf

C. Philippine Rise📷

D. Aurora Rise

15. The current Senate President of the 17th Congress.

A. Aquilino Pimentel

B. Franklin Drilon

C. Alan Peter Cayetano

D. Vicente Sotto📷
16. On his 3rd SONA, President Duterte told the Members of the Senate to urgently pass this law to put
in place a policy that will address our competing land requirements for food, housing, businesses, and
environmental conservation.

A. None of these

B. National Land Use Act📷

C. Comprehensive Land Reform Law

D. Anti-Illegal Land Conversion Act

17. He was an English theoretical physicist, cosmologist, and author and was famous for his scientific
works about black holes. He died on March 13, at the age of 76.

A. Alan Guth

B. Timothy Berners-Lee

C. Sir Roger Penrose

D. Stephen William Hawking📷

18. On January 1, 2018, the Republic Act No. 10963, widely known as the TRAIN Law took effect. What
does TRAIN stand for?

A. Tax Reform for Accelerated Inclusion

B. Tax Reform for Added Income

C. Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion📷

D. Tax Reform for Acceleration and Income

19. Where was the remains of the late President Ferdinand Marcos buried on October 18, 2016?

A. Libingan ng mga Bayani📷

B. Batac, Ilocos Norte

C. Heritage Park

D. Laoag, Ilocos Norte

20. Who is the Filipina weightlifting athlete who won a silver medal in the recent 2016 Rio Olympics held
in Brazil?

A. Hyedilin S. Frias
B. Hidilyn F. Frias

C. Hidilyn S. Diaz

D. Hidilyn F. Diaz📷

21. On September 21, 2017, President Duterte through Proclamation No. 319, declared the
__________________________.

A. Marcos Day of Protest

B. Martial Law Memorial Day of Protest

C. Martial Law Day of Protest

D. National Day of Protest📷

PROFED BOOSTERS

1.The most reliable measure of central tendency when there are extreme scores

●Median

2. Iah's score from her LET are the following: 92, 88, 91. What is the median?

●91

3. What can be inferred from a low standard deviation?

●Scores are homogenous

4. A highnegative discrimination index means that:

●More from the bottom group answered the test question correctly

5. When a student scored P80 on a single test, that means:

●He scored higher than 80 percent of the class

6. Which of the following is an accurate depiction of an authentic assessment?

●Performing first-aid measures to scald burns

7. Which of the following is a characteristics of a norm-referenced testing? ●The

performance depends on the scores of his batch mates
8. Which of the following is a correct statement about validity and reliability?
●A valid test is always reliable

9. Which of the following is a characteristics of a norm-referenced testing?

●The performance depends on the scores of his batch mates

10. A difficulty index of .92 means that the item is:

●Very easy

11. Which of the following is an accurate depiction of an authentic assessment?

●Performing first-aid measures to scald burns

12.Which of the following is an example of a formative test?

●Quiz

13. Which of the following types of tests is most vulnerable to biases?

●Essays

14. A leptokurtic distribution signifies that:

●All scores are average

15. If a distribution is skewed to the right, this implies that:

●The scores are very low

16. Which of the following is the best method to imcrease the reliablity of a test material?
●Increase the number of items

17. This thinking strategy refers to narrowing down ideas from big concept to smaller ones?
●Convergent Thinking

18. This refers to the collection of works, artifacts, and pieces of a student and may serve as a basis for
assessment:
●Portfolio

19. Which of the following does Not describe a holistic rubric in scoring
●It uses at least 3 or more basis

20. Which of the following types of tests is most vulnerable to biases?

●Essays

21. Withitness means:

●That the teacher knows everything that happens around the four corner of the classroom

22. When a teacher jumps from one topic to another without assessing of the students are ready to
absorb the instructions, this practice depicts:
●Thrust
23. What can be inferred from a low standard deviation?
●Scores are homogenous

24. If a distribution is skewed to the right, this implies that:

●The scores are very low

25. When a teacher is able to perform multiple, different activities at the same, this shows:
●Overlapping

26. Which is an incorrect practice in test construction?

●When using numbers as options, arrange them in a descending order

27. Under the new version of Bloom's Taxonomy of conitive processes, which of the following belongs to
the top level?
●Generating

28. Which is the basic form of cognitive process according to Bloom's?

●Knowledge

29. Which of the following forms of punishment is least likely to affect students negatively?
●Surprise quiz

30. The following are examples of extrinsic motivation, except?

●Community service

31. This is also known as the Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013
●K-12

32. Subject matter, Activities, Evaluation, Assignment, Sequence of a lesson plan

●Determine the objectives

33. A student makes the teachers and his classmates busy and asks everyone to give him special
attention. What is the student's hidden message?
●The students wants to feel connected

34. Which of the following serves as a pre-requisite to employment and will ensure that only competent
teachers will be granted privilege to teach to schools?
●Licensure and registration

35. Which of the following correctly describes inductive reasoning?

●Arriving to a main idea demo smaller topics

36. Which of the following laws prescribed licensure examination for teachers and will strengthen the
regulation of the practice of teaching in the Philippines?
●RA 7836
37. Which of the following will disqualify a teacher to become a member of the board of professional
teachers? ●A
naturalized Filipino citizen that has 15 years of continuous teaching experience

38. Which of the following shall receive the highest budgetary allocation according to the Philippine
Constitution? ●Education

39. According to the law, she can be referred to as a para-teacher. Which of the following is not correct
about para-teachers? ●These
teacher failed to reach the minimum GWA of 75 but have grades below 75

Kylie scored 74.80 from the recent LET.

40. Which of the following is most likely be related to existentialism?

●Free choice

41. Which of the following is NOT true about periodic merot examination for teachers according to RA
7836?
●This shall encourage continuing personal growth and development

42. While teaching Mathematics, Teacher Janus noticed that his students show interests on dancing. He
then decides to change the topic and teaches concept about dancing and shows to them dance
perdormances from the internet. What philosophy of education is shown?
●Progressivism

43. If a teacher wishes to enjoy study leave, she will get how many percent of her salary while on study
leave? ●60%

44. What is the focus of education during the Commonwealth Period?

●Nationalism

45. Which of the following is the focus of Spartan Education?

●Military training

46. Teacher Vanessa receives a death threat because she gave her student a failing grade. She knows
that passing the student will make her less credible as a teacher but will save herself from being
harmed. She then decided to pass the student to avoid danger. Which of the following is observed by
Teacher Vanessa? ●Principle
of Double Effect

47. Which of the following actions of a teacher violated the Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers?
●Having practice prejudice and eliminating discrimination against any learner

48. This type of conscience makes the person see that he sins but actually he/she does not.
●Scrupulous
49. K-12 curriculum is what type of subject-centered curriculum?
●Spiral

50. Which is the closest to the real thing?

●Performing real life task

51. Which of the following helps the learner to retain information best?
●Doing

52. A globe is an example of a

●Model

53. Which of the four pillars of learning focuses on the competencies of a certain individual on a
particular skill?
●Learning to do

54. Which of the following involves enactive representations according to Bruner?

●Action-based

55. Which does not show acculturation?

●Learning from your American parents their traditions

56. A Venn Diagram is most likely to be used when:

●Discussing the similarities and differences of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

57. Teacher Iah wants to show her students the percentage of Math major, science major, social science
major, english major and tle major based on the whole population of BSED students in the school where
she teaches. Which of the following types of graph should she use?
●Circle graph

58. Which of the following traits of Filipino can be considered both a negative and a positive trait?
●Pakikisama mentality

59. he ability of a child to realize that 1 liter of bottled water has the same quantity even if the water will
be placed on a plastic pitcher or a pale is called:
●Conservation

60. Ana is a 13 year old high school student who thinks that death penalty should be implemented in her
own countries as she believes that there are other ways to punish oppressors and teach them to be
better citizens. She should be under what stage of Piaget's theory?
●Formal operational

61. Lawrence Kohlberg focuses more on which of the following aspects of child development?●Morality

62. Which does not show acculturation?

●Learning from your American parents their traditions
63. A toddler wishes to go the restroom alone and wishes to care for himself if not treated properly will
have develop or lead to which of the following psychosocial stages based on Erikson's model?
●Doubt

64. This is known as a girl's psychosexual competition with her mother for the possession of her father.
●Electra Complex

65. The parts of human personality in which instinct and primary processes manifest:
●Id

66. Which of the following shall receive the highest priority accordin to Abraham Maslow's model on
●Warmth humanistic needs?

67. In Grace Goodell's Reading Skills Ladder, which of the following takes precedence?
●Basic sight words

68. Which of the following is not true about Language Acquisition among children?
●Chomsky explains in his model thay children acquired language solely through exposure.

69. This model shows reading as an active process that depends on reader characteristics, the text, and
●Interactive the reading situation

70. A child who has spatial intelligence will most likely enjoy which of the followong activities?
●Solving puzzles

71. It is the average, most commonly used and in greatly affected by extreme scores
●Mean

72. Who is the proponent of respondent conditioning?

●Ivan Pavlov

73. It is the middlemost of measures of central tendency and most reliable when there is extreme scores
●Median

74. Which of the following teacher most likely demonstrates Bandura's work in teaching?
●She shows the student how a dance should be performed.

75. It is the most frequently used measures of central tendency

●Mode

76. Which of the following refers to the law of effect by Thorndike?

●If the end result will be beneficial to the student he/she will probably perdorm well

77. It is the highest score minus the lowest score and is the simplest of measures of variability
●Range
78. ZPD is concept popularized by:
●Vygotsky

79. It is how spread the scores are from the mean and most reliable measures of variability
●Standard Deviation

79. It is the square of standard deviation

●Variance

80. Very easy/reject ●0.81-1.00

81. Very difficult/reject

●0-0.20

82. Easiness
●Difficulty index

83. Differentiate Upper group to lower group

●Discrimination index

84. Difficult/revise
●0.21-0.40

85. More from upper group/retain

●Positive Discrimination index

86.Moderate/retain
●0.41-0.60

87. Easy/revise
●0.61-0.80

88. More from lower group/reject

●Negative discrimination index

89. Cannot determine/reject

●Zero discrimination index

90. Measures what it intends to measure

●Validity

91. Consistency ●Reliability

92. Standard, criteria, specific target

●Criterion referenced
91. Others, class, batch mates ●Norm
referenced

92. Scattered, far from the mean, heterogenous

●High standard deviation

93. Pen and paper, multiple choice, cognitive

●Traditional assessment

94. Divide by 9. Median is S5

●Stanines

95. Clustered, near from the mean, homogenous

●Low standard deviation

96. Real-life application, holistic

●Authentic Assessment

97. Peakedness
●Kurtosis

98. Before instruction, strengths and weaknesses

●Diagnostic

99. Divide by 100. Median is P50

●Percentile

100. Normal curve, bell-shaped, most scores-average, few scores are high and low
●Mesokurtic

101. Taller, more peaked, almost if not all scores are average
●Leptokurtic

102. Divide by 10. Median is D5

●Decile

103. During instruction progress, gaps, quizzes

●Formative

104. Flat curve, scores are heterogenous

●Platykurtic

105. Divide by 4. Median is Q2

●Quartile

106. Afetr instruction, evaluative learning

●Summative
107. Not biased, multiple choice, matching type, wide level of objectives, guessing
●Objective

108. Guide for scoring

●Rubrics

109. Biased, essay, wide sampling of ideas, bluffing

●Subjective

110. Single basis

●Holistic

111. Memorization
●Knowledge

112. Multiple basis

●Analytical

113. Understanding
●Comprehension

114. Use
●Application

115. Classroom Management Model ●Kounin

116. Breaking down ●Analysis

117. Eyes at the back

●Withitness

118. Synthesis

●Putting together

119. Multi-tasking ●Overlapping

120. Jumping from previous topic to new topic and vice versa
●Flip-flop

121. Judgment
●Evaluation

122. Narrowing
●Convergent thinking

123. Not able to return

●Truncation
124. The students are not ready
●Thrust

125.Widening
●Divergent thinking

126. Increase a response

●Reinforcement

127.Weakens a response
●Punsihment

128. General to specific ●Deductive

reasoning

129. Outside
●Acculturation

130. Specific to general ●Inductive

reasoning

131. Inside
●Enculturation

132. External, shallow, money

●Extrinsic motivation

133. Cognitive development

●Piaget

134. Internal, noble, social work

●Intrinsic motivation

135. Senses and motor (0-2)

●Sensorimotor

136. Hidden message: notice me

Requires special treatment

Keeps others busy ●Attention seeking

137. Egocentric, children tend to see only their point of view(2-7)

●Pre-operational

138. Hidden message: i am hurting

Get even
Violent ●Revenge seeking

139. (7-12)
●Concrete operational

140. 12-above

Abstract reasoning ●Formal

operational

141. Hidden message: i want to help

Gets bossy
●Power seeking

142. Classical conditioning or respondent conditioning

●Pavlov

143. Hidden message: show me how

Refuses to participate
●Isolation/Withdrawal

144. Operant conditioning ●Skinner

145.Back to basics ●Essentialism

146. Social learning theory

Modelling

Imitation
●Albert Bandura

147.Traditional
●Perennialism

148. Trust vs. Mistrust

●Infant

149. Free choice

●Existentialism

150. Autonomy vs. Shame and doubt

●Toddler

151. Change
●Progressivism
152. Initiative vs. Guilt
●Preschool

153. Social change

●Social Reconstructionism

154. Industry vs. Inferiority

●School age

155. Practical use ●Pragmatism

156. Identity vs. Role confusion

●Adolescence

157. Labor/vocational training

●Japanese

158. Values, beliefs, affective, attitude

●Idealism

159. 2 options but each has both positive and negative effect
●Double effect

160. Senses
●Empiricism

161. 2 negative options but the other one is less evil

●Lesser evil

162. Intimacy vs. Isolation ●Young

adult

163. With knowledge and intention

●Formal cooperation

164. Without knowledge and intention

●Material cooperation

165. Create new knowledge

●Constructivism

166.Pleasure
●Hedonism

167. Generativity vs. Stagnation

●Middle adult
168. More people will benefit
●Utilitarianism

169. Environment ●Behaviorism

170. Sure
●Certain

171. Ego integrity vs. Despair

●Late adult

172. Unsure
●Doubtful

173. Survival
●Pre-spanish

174. Hypocrite ●Pharisaical

175.Mouth
●Oral

176. Religion
●Spanish

177. Insensitive
●Callous

178. Thinks shes right but shes not

●Lax

179.Anus ●Anal

180. Thinks shes wrong but shes not

●Scrupulous

181. Nationalism
●Commonwealth

182.Sex organs ●Phallic

183. 10%
●Read

184. 20% ●Hear

185. Free basic education ●American

186. None
●Latentcy

187. 30%
●See

188. 50%
●Hear and see

189. Sex organs through opposite sex

●Genital

190. Reader to book

●Top down

191. 70%
●Say and write

192. Book to reader

●Bottom up

193. 90%
●Do

194. Action
●Enactive

195. Active process

●Interactive

196. Images
●Iconic

197. Language
●Symbolic

198. Trend or progress

●Line graph

199. Comparison
●Bar graph

200.Percentage
●Circle or pie graph

201. A process by which a conditioned response is lost.

●Extinction
202. What is teaching profession?

●Is noblest profession.

203. Is a taxi driver is consider as a professional?

●No

204. What is professional?

●A person who finished baccalaureatedegree.

205. In what country that a teacher with highest salary?

●Switzerland kung walang switzerland Malaysia

206.Country that teacher respect most?

●China

207. 21steducation?

●Diversity of learner

208. Portfolio that can be used for an applicant looking for a job?

●Document portfolio

209. Metacognition?

●Understanding

210. Inductive reasoning?

●Specific to general

211.Deductive reasoning?

●General to specific

212. NCBTS -

●National Competency based -teacher standards

213. PPST-

●Philippine Professional Standards for Teachers

214. AQRF -
●ASEAN Qualifications Reference Framework

215.Which type of visual shows the actual object under study? –

●Realistic

216. Which perspective views the learner as actively creating meaning? –

●Constructivism

217.Why is it important for teachers to understand learning theory? -

●Theory information'spractice

218. The evaluation activity in a lesson plan should answer the following question:

●How will you determine if students have achieved the learning objectives?

219What is the main principle of the discovery method? -

●Students learn best by doing

220.The purpose of a motivation activity in a lesson plan is to:

●gain and maintain students' attention

221.Which perspective says that learning should take place in an environment that resembles the real
world with all its complexities?

●Constructivism

222.TSTE standards are

●technology standards for students and teachers

223.Which of the following is an acceptable verb to use in objectives? –

●describe

224.This theory believes that learning is largely determined by the external environment –

●behaviorism

225.According to Marianne Torbet, which of the following is not a game inclusion factor? –

●Competition

226.Which of the following are the procedures and actions used to help students meet stated
objectives? -
●Methods

227. What type of lesson evaluation takes place during the planning of the lesson? –

●Formative

228.Visuals that convey a concept by comparing one idea to another and implying a similarity are called

●analogic visuals

229.Which is the physiological process in which sound waves enter the ear and are converted into
electrical impulses that travel to the brain? –

●hearing

230.Which of the following is NOT a fair use guideline? -

●The cost of the item in question

231.The information activity in a lesson plan should answer the following question:

●How will you help students see relationships among ideas?

232.According to the authors of Children's Ministry that Works, in choosing games for children, which of
the following is not an important factor? -

●The games should be competitive

233.Which of the following are evidence of "the digital divide": i.e., the gap in equitable use of computer
technology among student groups? -

●Computers used for drill and skill only in low income districts

234.Which of the following experience is most closely associated with the constructivist perspective of
learning? -

●Student teaching

235.Sam brought his rock collection to class for his students to classify. Which type of media is being
used? –

●Exhibit

236.Which of the following is a three dimensional representation of a real object? –

●Model

237.Which of the following is true regarding the shift in education in recent years? -
●here has been a shift toward learner-centered instruction.

238.Copyright law protects -

●the legal rights to original works

239.The ability to accurately interpret and create visual messages is known as

●visual literacy

240.Which of the following is a problem exacerbated by the prevalence of social media sites such as
Facebook?

●Cyber-bullying

245.The purpose of an application activity or conclusion section in a lesson plan is to

●provide opportunity for practice and feedback.

246.Which of the following is true regarding field trips?

●- They are a form of enactive learning.

247.The PIE model of classroom instruction stands for

●plan, implement, evaluate

248. Which of the following objectives contains acceptable criteria? -

●Students will compose a paragraph with no more than two errors.

249.This theory uses the computer as a model for the way humans think -

●informational processing

250.Persistence of vision is a phenomenon whereby -

●the brain continues to see the image for a fraction of a second after the image is cut off

251.Interpreting a visual is also known as

●decoding

252. What is the difference between informational processing theory and constructivism? -

●The first says that knowledge is objective and represents experience; the second that knowledge is
subjective and depends on the learner's interpretation of experience.

253.An enduring change in human behavior or performance resulting from practice or experience is the
●definition of learning

254.Which of the following is NOT a step in the scientific process, often used in the problem solving
method? -

●explore the question

256.The rule of thirds tells us that elements should be arranged

●along imaginary lines dividing your visual in three

257.Sam borrowed ½ of an engine with the inners workings exposed from a local tech school. Which
type of media is this? –

●Cutaway

258.Which of the following is NOT a criteria for selecting and/or creating instructional materials? -

●Are all materials original?

259.Applying technological processes and tools to solve problems of teaching and learning is the
definition of

●educational technology

260.Charts and graphs are what type of visuals? –

●Organizational

261.n general, which gender seems to be more concerned with social relationships?

●Girls

262. Body movement like eye-winked, nodding of head and waving hand?

● Gestures

REVIEWERS with ans. Key 150- item (General Education)

1. Which of the ff. doesn't have an exoskeleton?

a. Tortoise

b. Grasshopper
c. Crustaceans

d. Lizards

2. What is the structure of a DNA?

a. Polyhedron

b. Polytehtra

c. Double Helix

d. Double Lactus

3. The process of killing diseases producing micro organism in food items through heat.

a. Boiling

b. Neutralization

c. Pasteurization

d. Extinction

4. The device used for locating submerged object under sea is __________.

a. Radar

b. Sonar

c. Doppler

d. Seeker

5. What part of the atmosphere protects Earth's suface from harmful ultraviolet radiation?

a. Mesosphere

b. Stratosphere

c. Troposphere

d. Radiosphere

6. The process of water movement through a plant and its evaporation from aerial parts, such as leaves,
stems and flowers.

a. Precipitation

b. Perspiration
c. Transpiration

d. Respiration

7. Which location should have most nearly twelve hours of daylight and twelve hours of darkness during
December?

a. between Equator and South Pole.

b. close to the North Pole.

c. close to the South Pole.

d. close to the Equator.

8. What is the top consumer in a food chain of grassland ecosystem?

a. Carnivores

b. Herbivores

c. Omnivores

d. Bacteria

9. The statement that a buoyant force on a floating body is equal to the weight of fluid displaced is
known as the principle or law of __________.

a. Archimedes

b. Einstein

c. Newton

d. Bernoulli

10. Hail, Rain and Snow are forms of __________.

a. Climate

b. Weather

c. Temperature

d. Precipitation

11. Household spiders are classified as __________.

a. Reptiles
b. Insects

c. Mammals

d. Arachnids

12. Mosses, and lichens all grow on tropical trees. They need sunlight, and by being higher up they get
to the sunlight not harming the host tree.These relationship is known as __________.

a. Mutualism

b. Predation

c. Commensalism

d. Parasitism

13. The Rock formation that rises from the floor of a cave due to the accumulation of material deposited
on the floor from ceiling drippings.

a. Minerals

b. Sediments

c. Stalactites

d. Stalagmites

14. Which of the ff. is NOT a renewable source of energy?

a. Wind

b. Solar

c. Geothermal

d. Fossil Fuel

15. Pencils are made from, which of these?

a. Graphite

b. Phosphorus

c. Magnesium

d. Lead

16. This is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere.

a. Nitrogen

b. Oxygen

c. Hydrogen

d. Carbon

17. What strain of avian influenza (bird's flu) was recently confirmed to hit the Philippines?

a. H5N1

b. H5N6

c. H7N8

d. H9N2

18. Who among the following did not contribute in the formulation of cell theory?

a. Schwann

b. Flemming

c. Hooke

d. Virchow

19. What are the only photosynthetic organisms that help in food production?

a. animals

b. bacteria

c. plants

d. fungi

20. The following are required during the dark reaction process except _______.

a. ATP

b. water

c. carbon dioxide

d. light

21. Carbon dioxide enters the leaf of a plant through _______.

a. chloroplasts

b. leaf veins

c. stomata

d. cuticle

22. Insulin is a substance used to regulate sugar level in the body. Which organ provides insulin?

a. tongue

b. pancreas

c. stomach

d. liver

23. Mushrooms and molds are examples of _____.

a. plants

b. fungi

c. bacteria

d. protozoa

24. Which of the following is not a vertebrate?

a. bird

b. snake

c. horse

d. squid

25. Which of the following member of a chain has the most energy available?

a. plant

b. man

c. grasshopper

d. earthworm

26. Which of the following is a natural ecosystem?

a. fishpond

b. cornfield

c. pineapple plantation

d. rainforest

27. Which is not a level of biodiversity?

a. ecosystem

b. species

c. habitat

d. genetic

28. Which is also known as Trisomy 21?

a. Williams Syndrome

b. Down Syndrome

c. Cri du Chat Syndrome

d. Angelman Syndrome

29. Which of the following is not fat-soluble?

a. Vitamin A

b. Vitamin C

c. Vitamin E

d. Vitamin D

30. Which of the following is a metal element?

a. Krypton

b. Argon

c. Sulfur

d. Magnesium

31. Which of the following has the same meaning with the word FINAL?
a. Proximate

b. Ultimate

c. Intimate

d. Legitimate

32. What is the last letter of the Greek Alphabet?

a. Psi

b. Epsilon

c. Gamma

d. Omega

33. In diplomacy, the term persona non grata means __________.

a. Person is sentenced to imprisonment

b. Person is given some incentives

c. Person is appreciated

d. Person is unwelcomed

34. The following belongs to the seven liberal arts, EXCEPT:

a. Dialectics

b. Rhetorics

c. Statistics

d. Music

35. It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in
want of a wife. These line was taken from?

a. Pride and Prejudice

b. Crime and Punishment

c. To Love and To Get Hurt

d. Forever and Lies

36. The author of the famous book 'Alice's Adventures in Wonderland'.

a. Mark Twain

b. JRR Tolkien

c. Ben Johnson

d. Lewis Carroll

37. How many lines does a sonnet have?

a. 10

b. 12

c. 14

d. 16

38. Don't walk ______ the street! Walk here ______ the sidewalk.

a. in/on

b. on/at

c. in /at

d. on/in

39. When the little girl grabbed the lizard, _____ tail broke off in _____ hand.

a. it / her

b. its/her

c. it's/her

d. it/hers

40. Jun ho BEATS AROUND THE BUSH when talked about Gia. The Expression means?

a. to reveal a secret

b. to avoid the topic

c. to feel proud

d. to feel insulted

41. The price of the blankets _______ generous.

a. are

b. is

c. has

d. had

42. Martin Dero is known for his CANDOR about some issues on poetic freedom. The word CANDOR
means ________.

a. charisma

b. frankness

c. opinions

d. humor

43. "Beautiful are the feet that bring the good news." This is an example of?

a. Metonymy

b. Synecdoche

c. Euphemism

d. Metaphor

44. “I am the unfortunate grain of wheat that fell on stony ground at sowing time”. This is an example
of?

a. Euphemism

b. Metaphor

c. Personification

d. Understatement

45. Her brother ___________ and never will be dependable.

a. never has been

b. never had been

c. never had

d. never has
46. What does VERBATIM mean?

a. word to word

b. word for word

c. word of word

d. wor by word

47. Who among the following famous writers has a pen name Mark Twain?

a. Newt Scamander

b. Geoffrey Chaucer

c. Samuel Clemens

d. William Shakespeare

48. The man was convicted because of his REPREHENSIBLE acts.

a. courageous

b. disgraceful

c. thoughtful

d. mean

49. The detective was totally BUFFLED by the lack of clues.

a. amused

b. relaxed

c. puzzled

d. rewarded

50. The DEPRAVITY of the villain in the movie makes the people angry.

a. harshness

b. gravity

c. deprivations

d. viciousness
51. Which of the following is NOT synonymous with INEFFABLE?

a. marvelous

b. overwhelming

c. impossible

d. staggering

52. The person _____ wrote the letter should be left-handed.

a. which

b. whose

c. who

d. that

53. What are the main ingredients ___ this casserole?

a. about

b. to

c. of

d. from

54. My best friend, John, is named ____ his great-grandfather.

a. after

b. from

c. for

d. about

55. My parents have been married ____ forty-seven years.

a. in

b. for

c. on

d. since
56. He usually travels to the city ____ boat.

a. with

b. in

c. by

d. at

57. He had to use all his strength to close the door against the blinding snow.

The word “blinding” is used as ______.

a. a noun

b. a pronoun

c. an adverb

d. an adjective

58. ____________ people are often the most successful people.

a. Consciencious

b. Conscientious

c. Conciencious

d. Consencious

59. ________ not taking ________ opponent's capabilities for granted.

a. they - their

b. their - they're

c. they're - their

d. their - there

60. Who is the author of the play “Merchant of Venice”?

a. George Eliot

b. Charles Dickens

c. William Shakespeare
d. Geoffrey Chaucer

61. KABATAKANG KUMOT na ni Berto si Marco magmula nung bata pa sila.

a. Kinaiinisan

b. Kinaiingittan

c. Kaibigan

d. Kalaban

62. Napakabuting bata ni Jesa. Sa kabila ng kanyang narating ay TIKLOP TUHOD pa rin siya.

a. Maalahanin

b. Mapagkumbaba

c. Maasahan

d. Masipag

63. Nahumaling ______ si Gabriel sa mga ibon.

a. din

b. rin

c. daw

d. raw

64. Magaling _____ sa pagawit si Pedro tulad ng kanyang ama at ina.

a. din

b. rin

c. daw

d. raw

65. Naglilinis ________ mabilis si Celso _____ dumating ang kanilang ina.

a. nang/nang

b. ng / ng

c. nang /ng
d. ng /nang

66. Daig ______ maaagap ang masipag.

a. ng

b. nang

c. nitong

d. noong

67. Anong tawag sa paraan na ang huling ponemang patinig ng salitang ugat ay nawawala sa
paghuhulapi nito.

a. Metatesis

b. Pagpapalit ng Ponema

c. Pagkakaltas ng Ponema

d. Paglilipat Diin

68. Ang sino, ano at nino ay ilang halimbawa ng panghalip?

a. Panao

b. Panaklaw

c. Pananong

d. Pamatlig

69. Si Jun Ho ang humarap sa madaming tao kanina. Aling tuon ng pandiwa ang ginamit sa
pangungusap?

a. Gamit

b. Tagaganap

c. Tagatanggap

d. Sanhi

70. Ikinalungkot ni Roberto ang kanyang pagkatalo.

a. Gamit

b. Tagaganap
c. Tagatanggap

d. Sanhi

71. Ang bahagi ng pananalita na ipinapahayag ang mga ugnayan sa panahon o lawak o pagmamarka sa
iba't ibang semantikong pagganap.

a. Pang-ukol

b. Pang-angkop

c. Pangngalan

d. Pandiwa

72. Naglaba ng damit natin si Roberto. Ang pangungusap ay nasa anong ayos?

a. Karaniwan

b. Di Karaniwan

c. Paglalarawan

d. Pananong

73. Ang poreber ay di totoo. Ang pangungusap ay nasa anong ayos?

a. Karaniwan

b. Di Karaniwan

c. Paglalarawan

d. Pananong

74. Anong teorya ng wika ang nagsasabing ang wika ay nilikha bunga ng masidhing damdamin ng tao?

a. Yoheho

b. Pooh-Pooh

c. Ding-Dong

d. Bow-Wow

75. Sinong Pilipinong manunulat ang tinaguriang "Ama ng Zarzuelang Tagalog"?

a. Severino Reyes

b. N.V.M. Gonzalez
c. Lope K. Santos

d. Nick Joaquin

76. Siya ang tinaguriang “Ama ng Pamahayagang Tagalog”.

a. Leon Ma. Guerrero

b. Pascual Poblete

c. Nick Joaquin

d. Francisco Arcellana

77. Kilala bilang "Prinsipe ng Manlilimbag sa Pilipino".

a. Tomas Pinpin

b. Carlos P. Romulo

c. Alejandro Roces

d. Amado V. Hernandez

78. Sumunod ___ si Marco nang isara ni Jose ang _______.

a. din – pinto

b. rin – pinto

c. din – pintuan

d. rin – pintuan

79. Siya ang tinaguriang “Ama ng Panitikang Ilokano”.

a. Jose Garcia Villa

b. Lope K. Santos

c. Pedro Bucaneg

d. Graciano Lopez Jaena

80. SAPANTAHA ng kanilang mga magulang ay mayroon silang relasyon sa isa't isa.

a. imahinasyon

b. kinatatakutan
c. hinuha

d. plano

81. . Ano ang pokus ng pandiwa sa pahayag na “Kumain ng mangga si Gorio”?

a. Pokus sa direksyon

b. Pokus sa kagamitan

c. Pokus sa sanhi

d. Pokus sa aktor

82. Anong tayutay ang tinutukoy sa pahayag.

“Nagsasayawan ang mga puno kasabay ng pag-ihip ng hangin.”

a. Simili o Pagtutulad

b. Metapora o Pagwawangis

c. Personipikasyon o Pagsasatao

d. Apostrope o Pagtawag

83. Siya ang “Ama ng Wikang Pambansa”?

a. Jose P. Laurel

b. Manuel L. Quezon

c. Francisco Balagtas

d. Manuel Roxas

84. Alin sa mga sumusunod ang nagsasaad ng opinyon?

a. Si Maria ay pumunta sa palengke.

b. Ang mga Hapon ay mababait.

c. Nakasuot ng itim na damit si Jose.

d. Nagsusulat ang mga bata.

85. Ang “dehydration” ay isang sakit na madaling lunasan _______ ito ay nakamamatay din.

a. dahil
b. sapagkat

c. ngunit

d. bakit

86. BUKAL SA LOOB ang ginawang pagtulong ni Berto kay Maria.

a. utang na loob

b. kusa

c. wagas

d. kasipagan

87. MASALIMUOT ang naging kwento ng kanyang buhay.

a. masaya

b. magiliw

c. malungkot

d. nakakatakot

88. Ang katagang “napaka” ay nangangahulugang ________.

a. kulang

b. di sapat

c. sobra

d. sakto

89. Ito sy tumutukoy sa bilang ng pantig ng tula.

a. linya

b. sukat

c. saknong

d. taludtod

90. Paraan ng pagtutugma na kung saan ang mga salita ay nagtatapos sa patinig.

a. saknong
b. cossonance

c. assonance

d. sukat

91. An artist is requested to draw 800 photos. If he can draw photos at the rate of 80 photos a week,
how many remaining photos still need to be drawn after he had worked for 7 weeks?

a. 140

b. 260

c. 240

d. 560

92. There are a total of 120 dancers in an event and 200 singers. What is the ratio of singers to the total
no. of perfomers in the event?

a. 3:5

b. 3:8

c. 5:3

d. 5:8

93. There are 80 women in a committee consisting of 120 members. What is the ratio of the men to the
women?

a. 1:2

b. 2:1

c. 2:3

d. 3:2

94. A merchant repacks a 60- kg sack of sugar into small packs of 750 g. How many small packs can be
made?

a. 45

b. 75

c. 80

d. 90
95. Given the numerals 9, 2, 7, 5, What is the difference between the largest 3- digit number and the
smallest 3- digit number that can be formed from those numerals if no digits are repeated in a number?

a. 500

b. 446

c. 718

d. 778

96. A fraction is equivalent to 2/7. If the difference between the denominator and the numerator is 80,
What is the numerator?

a. 24

b. 26

c. 28

d. 32

97. If it takes 18 minutes to fill 2/3 of a container, how many minutes will it take to fill the rest of the
container at the same rate?

a. 4

b. 5

c. 6

d. 9

98. Jack is three times as old as Jill, and Jill is four years older than James. If James is x years old, What is
Jack's age in terms of x?

a. 3x+4

b. 3x- 4

c. 3x+12

d. 3x- 12

99. One side of a rectangle is 18 cm. If the perimeter is 60 cm , what is the width of the rectangle?

a. 10 cm.

b. 12 cm.
c. 24 cm.

d. 42 cm.

100. The average of 5 different numbers is 10. What is the highest possible value that one of the
numbers can have?

a. 20

b. 30

c. 35

d. 40

101. Which of the following is divisible by 4?

a. 123,456,300,782

b. 234,567,300,890

c. 355,735,300,552

d. 388,280,300,326

102. Which of the ff. is the square root of √16?

a. 1

b. 2

c. 3

d. 4

103. Mrs Dina Lee Go has 24 pencils and 52 notebooks. She has to place both of these in a box. How
many box can she make if each box must have the same number of pencils and the same number of
notebooks?

a. 2

b. 4

c. 6

d. 8

104. Miss Masu Ngit runs a promo for her Bake Shop. She gives every 4th customer a free drink while
every 15th customer gets a souvenir item. Which customer will get both items?
a. 30th

b. 40th

c. 60th

d. 80th

105. Find the average of the ff: 1/2 + 2/3 + 3/4

a. 23/12

b. 25/12

c. 23/36

d. 25/36

106. Which of the following is not divisible by 8?

a. 12,123,674,000

b. 32,647,856,328

c. 63,316,564,016

d. 48,168,432,012

107. Find the GCF of 28, 48, and 56.

a. 4

b. 8

c. 12

d. 16

108. Find the missing number: 38+26 = 113 - N

a. 49

b. -49

c. 15

d. -15

109. One side of a pentagon is 16 cm. Find its perimeter.

a. 80 cm

b. 96 cm

c. 112 cm

d. 128 cm

110. Juno's band is having an outdoor concert so they built a stage that is 24 ft. wide and 38 ft. long.
What is the area of the stage?

a. 1824 sq. ft.

b. 912 sq. ft.

c. 124 sq. ft.

d. 1342 sq. ft.

111. The diameter of one base of a right cylindrical can measures 30 cm. and its height is 100cm. Find its
volume.

a. 282, 700 cu. cm.

b. 282, 600 cu. cm.

c. 70, 750 cu. cm.

d. 70,650 cu. cm.

112. Twice the measure of an angle is 15 less than its complementary. Find the angle.

a. 25º

b. 30º

c. 20º

d. 35º

113. Juana went to the circus show during the town fiesta. He saw 7 clowns. Some where riding on a
bicycle while others were on tricycle. He counted 16 wheels. How many bicycles and tricycles were
there?

a. 3 bicycles and 4 tricycles

b. 4 bicycles and 3 tricycles

c. 5 bicycles and 2 tricycles

d. 6 bicycles and 1 tricycles

114. What is the solution set of 5x–15 = 5(x-3)?

a. undefined

b. all real numbers

c. all negative integers

d. zero

115. A right triangle whose legs measure 5 cm. and 12 cm. has a hypothenuse measuring _______.

a. 10 cm.

b. 11 cm.

c. 12 cm.

d. 13 cm.

116. What is the 20th term in the sequence: -9, -6, -3, 0, 3, 6,...

a. 12

b. 20

c. 48

d. 60

117. Mikaela's grades in 5 subjects are 89, 92, 95, 86, and 98. What is the mean of his grades?

a. 90

b. 91

c. 92

d. 93

118. Berto's grade in 4 subjects are 84, 96, 88, and 92. What should be his 5th grade so that he would
attain an average of 90?

a. 80

b. 85

c. 90
d. 95

119. What is/are the mode of the given set: 12, 15, 13,12, 15, 12, 19, 13, 17, 16.

a. 12

b. 12 and 13

c. 12 and 15

d. 12, 13, and 15

120. In a certain class, 60% are girls and the rest are boys. If there are 24 girls in the class, how many
students are there in all?

a. 16

b. 32

c. 40

d. 45

121. Ang nagtatag ng La Solidaridad ay si:

a. Graciano Lopez Jaena

b. Marcelo H. del Pilar

c. Jose Rizal

d. Juan Luna

122. Ang mga sumusunod ay mga sagisag panulat ni Marcelo del Pilar, maliban sa isa.

a. Dolores Manapat

b. Plaridel

c. Piping Dilat

d. Dimas-ilaw

123. Sino ang naglapat ng letra sa ating pambansang awit?

a. Julian Felipe

b. Rafael Felipe

c. Rafael Palma
d. Jose Palma

124. It features the exchange of goods, money and services.

a. Gesellschaft

b. Gemeinschaft

c. Ethnocentrism

d. Enculturation

125. It is characterized by shared experiences and mutual responsibilities.

a. Gesellschaft

b. Gemeinchaft

c. Ethnocentrism

d. Enculturation

126. How many years shall a President be in position in a term?

a. 3

b. 4

c. 5

d. 6

127. The Power of the State to take private property for public use upon payment of a just
compensation?

a. Police Power

b. Referrent Power

c. Eminent Domain

d. Taxation

128. The Republic Act that requires the compulsory teaching of Rizal's life and works is ________.

a. R.A. 7796

b. R.A. 7784

c. R.A. 1425
d. R.A. 8049

129. His administration was considered one of the cleanest and most corruption-free in modern
Philippines.

a. Carlos P. Garcia

b. Ramon Magsaysay

c. Diosdado Macapagal

d. Joseph Estrada

130. Popular detractor of Marcos Regime. He was assassinated at the Manila International Airport in
1983 upon returning from his self-imposed exile.

a. Benigno Aquino Sr.

b. Benigno Aquino Jr.

c. Benigno Aquino III

d. Mar Roxas

131. Not yet, Rizal, not yet. The glory hour will come. Out of the silent dreaming, from the seven-
thousand fold silence, we shall emerge, saying: WE ARE FILIPINOS, And no longer be ashamed.

These lines were taken from?

a. Urbana at Feliza

b. Like a Molave

c. Through Education We Received Light

d. Intimate Alliance between Religion and Education

132. Named as the Visayan Joan of Arc, the first woman to fight in the Philippine Revolution.

a. Melchora Aquino

b. Trinidad Tecson

c. Teresa Magbanua

d. Gregoria De Jesus

133. The right hand man and the Adviser of Andres Bonifacio.

a. Marcelo del Pilar

b. Gregorio del Pilar

c. Apolinario Mabini

d. Emilio Jacinto

134. He is referred to as "The Brain of Katipunan".

a. Marcelo del Pilar

b. Gregorio del Pilar

c. Apolinario Mabini

d. Emilio Jacinto

135. The hero of the Battle at Tirad Pass?

a. Marcelo del Pilar

b. Gregorio del Pilar

c. Apolinario Mabini

d. Emilio Jacinto

136. What are the last words of Jose Rizal?

a. “Consummatum est!”

b. “Deus benedicat!”

c. “Factum est!”

d. “Liberare regionem!”

137. This is the school established by Americans for aspiring educators in 1901.

a. University of the Philippines

b. De La Salle University

c. Philippine Normal University

d. University of Santo Thomas

138. What is the old name of EDSA during WWII?

a. 8th Avenue
b. Highway 54

c. 26th Street

d. C3 Road

139. Philipphine folk song sang in preparation for war battle.

a. balitaw

b. kundiman

c. awit

d. kumintang

140. In what year was the Philippines' National Anthem “Lupang Hinirang” first sung?

a. 1954

b. 1955

c. 1956

d. 1957

141. Which of the following is NOT one of the ships used during Magellan's exploration?

a. Trinidad

b. San Antonio

c. Conception

d. Fernando

142. The first man-made satellite launched by the Philippines.

a. Mutya I

b. Diwata I

c. Sinag I

d. Mahinhin I

143. Siya ang tinaguriang “Utak ng Rebolusyon”.

a. Emilio Jacinto
b. Emilio Aguinaldo

c. Apolinario Mabini

d. Andres Bonifacio

144. Siya ang tinaguriang “Ina ng Biak-na-Bato” at “Ina ng Krus na Pula”.

a. Melchora Aquino

b. Trinidad Tecson

c. Marcela Agoncillo

d. Josefa Llanes Escoda

145. He is dubbed as the “Father of the Philippine Anthropology” and claimed that the first Filipinos
came through waves of migration from South to North.

a. Felipe Landa Jocano

b. Charles Darwin

c. Alfredo Evangelista

d. Henry Otley Beyer

146. Ang kauna-unahang sultanato sa Pilipinas.

a. Sultanato ng Sulu

b. Sultanato ng Yakan

c. Sultanato ng Maguindanao

d. Sultanato ng Buayan

147. The first Vice-President of the Republic of the Philippines.

a. Arturo Tolentino

b. Fracisco Carreon

c. Mariano Trias

d. Benigno Aquino Sr.

148. The right or privilege officially granted to a person, a group of people, or a company by a
government.
a. suffrage

b. franchise

c. plebiscite

d. Miranda rule

149. The Battle of Marawi, also known as the Marawi siege and the Marawi crisis, is an ongoing armed
conflict in Marawi, Lanao del Sur, that started on ___________.

a. May 22, 2017

b. May 23, 2017

c. May 24, 2017

d. May 25, 2017

150. Kailan ipinanganak si Jose Rizal?

a. June 19, 1864

b. June 19, 1861

c. June 19, 1862

d. June 19, 1863

~OPEN for CORRECTION

1. D

2. C

3. C

4. B

5. B

6. C

7. D

8. A

9. A

10. D
11. D

12. C

13. D

14. D

15. A

16. A

17. B

18. B

19. C

20. D

21. C

22. B

23. B

24. D

25. A

26. D

27. C

28. B

29. B

30. D

31. B

32. D

33. D

34. C

35. A
36. D

37. C

38. D

39. B

40. B

41. B

42. B

43. B

44. B

45. C

46. B

47. C

48. B

49. C

50. D

51. C

52. C

53. C

54. A

55. B

56. C

57. D

58. B

59. C

60. C
61. C

62. B

63. C

64. A

65. A

66. A

67. C

68. C

69. B

70. D

71. A

72. A

73. B

74. B

75. A

76. B

77. A

78. A

79. C

80. C

81. D

82. C

83. B

84. B

85. C
86. B

87. C

88. C

89. B

90. C

91. C

92. D

93. A

94. C

95. C

96. D

97. D

98. C

99. B

100. D

101. C

102. B

103. B

104. C

105. C

106. D

107. A

108. A

109. A

110. B
111. D

112. A

113. C

114. B

115. D

116. C

117. C

118. C

119. A

120. C

121. A

122. D

123. D

124. A

125. B

126. D

127. C

128. C

129. B

130. B

131. B

132. C

133. D

134. D

135. B
136. A

137. C

138. B

139. D

140. C

141. D

142. B

143. C

144. B

145. D

146. A

147. C

148. B

149. B

150. B

CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT FOR TEACHERS SUMMARY

The education levels in the Philippines

🌺• Basic Education –includes

▷ Kindergarten

▷ Grade 1 – Grade 6 (elementary)

▷ Grade 7 – Grade 10 (Junior High School)

▷ Grade 11- 12 (Senior High School)

🌸• Technical Vocational Education

▷ Taken care of by Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA)

▷ For the TechVoc track in SHS, DepEd and TESDA work in close coordination (Technology and
Livelihood Education (TLE) and Technical-Vocational-Livelihood (TVL) Track specializations may be taken
between Grades 9 to 12. Exploratory Subjects at 40 hours per quarter are taken during Grades 7 to 8.)

🌸• Higher Education

(The new basic education levels are provided in the K ton12nEnhanced Curriculum of 2013)

🍇7 types of curriculum according to Allan Glatthorn🍇

🌿• Recommended curriculum. The recommended curriculum is that which is recommended by scholars

and professional organizations

▷ Basic Education – recommended by DepEd

▷ Higher Education – recommended by CHED

▷ Vocational Ed- TESDA

🌿• Written Curriculum

▷ Documents based on recommended curriculum

▷ Example: syllabi, course of study, module, books or instructional guides, lesson plan

🌿• Taught curriculum. The taught curriculum is that which teachers actually deliver day by day.

🌿• Supported curriculum.

▷ includes those resources that support the curriculum-textbooks, software, and other media

▷ supporting materials that make learning and teaching meaningful

▷ print materials like books, charts, posters, worksheets,

▷ or non-print materials like Power Point presentations, movies, slides, models, mock ups, realias

▷ facilities – playground, laboratory, AV rooms, zoo, museum, market or plaza (places where direct
experiences occur)

• Learned curriculum. The learned curriculum is the bottom-line curriculum-the curriculum that students
actually learn.
🌿• Assessed curriculum. The assessed curriculum is that which appears in tests and performance
measures: state tests, standardized tests, district tests, and teacher-made tests.

🌿• Hidden/implicit curriculum.

▷ This is the unintended curriculum. It defines what students learn from the physical environment, the
policies, and the procedures of the school.

▷ Not planned but has a great impact on students

🍇ways of presenting the curriculum🍇

🌸• Topical approach – content is based on knowledge and experiences

🌸• Concept approach – fewer topics in clusters around major and sub concepts

🌸• Thematic – combination of concepts

🌸• Modular – leads to complete units of instruction

🍇 criteria in the selection of the subject matter🍇

🌸• Self-sufficiency – it is helping the learners to attain the utmost independency in learning yet in an
inexpensive way is the most important guiding principle in selecting the content according to Scheffler.
This means, more of the results and effective learning outcomes though a lesser amount of the teacher’s
effort and so with the learner’s effort.

🌸• Significance – It is significant if fundamental ideas, concepts, principles and generalization are

supplied in the subject matter to achieve the overall aim of the curriculum.

🌸• Validity – the genuineness of a content selected is by its legality. The subject matter to be selected
has to be legal to avoid selecting the obsolete ones.; must be verified at regular interval

🌸• Interest – the learner’s interest is a major factor in selecting the content; one of the driving forces of
the learner to learn better

🌸• Utility - deciding on subject matter, its usefulness is considered to be essential.

🌸• Learnability – if there is a quotation to “live within our means” then there is also the consideration of
“teaching within the means of the learners.”

🌸• Feasibility – content selection takes into thought the possibility, the practicability and the
achievability of the subject matter in terms of the availability of the resources, proficiency of the
teachers, and the personality of learners especially within the framework of the society and the
government

🌼🌼Guide in addressing CONTENT in the curriculum as proposed by Palma?🌼🌼

🌹• BASIC

🌷▷ Balance – content should be fairly distributed in depth and breadth

🌷▷ Articulation - as the content complexity progresses, vertically or horizontally, smooth connections or

bridging should be provided

-this ensures that there is no gaps or overlaps in the content

🌷▷ Sequence – logical arrangement

- Vertically – for deepening the content

- Horizontally – for broadening the content

🌷▷ Integration – relatedness or connectedness to other contents

- Provides a wholistic or unified view of curriculum instead of segmentation

🌷▷ Continuity – should be perennial, endures time

- Constant repetition, reinforcement and enhancement are elements of contnuity

🍇 Four phases of curriculum development 🍇

🍍• Curriculum Planning – considers the school vision, mission, and goals; includes the philosophy or
strong education belief of the school

🍍• Curriculum Designing – the way curriculum is conceptualized to include the selection and
organization of content, the selection and organization of learning experiences or activities and the
selection of the assessment procedure and tools to measure achieved learning outcomes.

-Also include the resources to be utilized and the statement of the intended learning outcomes

🍍• Curriculum Implementing – putting into action the plan; it is where the action takes place; involves
the activities transpire in every teacher’s classroom where learning becomes an active process

🍍• Curriculum Evaluating – determines the extent to which the desired outcomes have been achieved.

-this is an ongoing procedure as in finding out the progress of learning (formative) or the mastery of
learning (summative)

🍇Curriculum development process models🍇

🍍• Ralph Tyler Model : Four Basic Principles

▷ Purposes of the school

▷ Educational experiences related to the purposes

▷ Organization of the purposes

▷ Evaluation of the experience

🍍• Hilda Taba Model : Grassroots Approach

▷ Taba strongly believed teachers should take part in the design of curricula. Taba’s model included
seven steps

🍒▷ Educators must first identify the students’ needs for the development of the curriculum.

🍒▷ Objectives should by specific.

🍒▷ The content matches the objectives, as well as demonstrates validity.

🍒▷ Curriculum content is designed based on students’ interest, development, and achievement.

🍒▷ Instructional methods are selected by teachers.

🍒▷ The organization of the learning activities is determined by the teacher.

🍒▷ Evaluation procedures are determined by students and teachers.

🍍• Galen Sayler and Wiliam Alecander Curriculum Model – viewed curriculum development as consisting
of four steps

🍒▷ Goals, Objectives and Domain

🍒▷ Curriculum Designing

🍒▷ Curriculum Implementation

🍒▷ Evaluation

🍇Philosophical foundations of curriculum🍇

🍌• Perennialism

🍌• Essentialism

🍌• ProgressivismP

🍌• Reconstructionism

🍇Elements/components of a curriculum design🍇

🍈• Intended Learning Outcomes (ILO) or the Desired Learning Outcomes DLO

🍈• Subject matter or content

🍈• Teaching and learning methods

🍈• Assessment /Evaluation

🍇5 categories of curriculum change🍇

🍒• Substitution

▷ Current curriculum will be replaced or substituted by a new one

▷ Complete overhaul

▷ Not merely a revision

🍌• Alteration

▷ There is a minor change

▷ Example: graphing paper – to graphing calculator

🍌• Restructuring

▷ Major change or modification in the school system, degree program or educational system

🍌• Perturbations

▷ Changes that are disruptive, but teachers have to adjust to them within a fairly short time

▷ Ex. Changes in time schedule to catch up with something

🍌• Value orientation

▷ Ex. A teacher who gives emphasis on academic and forget the formation of faith and values needs
value orientation

Ctto

❤️GENERAL EDUCATION❤️

1. The Spaniards established a centralized government in the Philippines. The head of the government
was called :

A. Encomendero C. Gobernadorcillo
B. Alcalde Mayor D. Governor-General✔

2. When Rizal returned to the Philippines after his second travel abroad, he decided to organize a socio-
civic organization. This was the:

A. Propaganda Movement C. Katipunan

B. La Liga Filipina✔ D. Assosacion Hispano-Filipino

3. The event that implicated the 3 priest Burgos, Gomez, and Zamora which resulted to their execution
was the :

A. Cavite of Mutiny✔ C. Ilocos Rebellion

B. Cry of Pugadlawin D. Bacoor Massacre

4. The incident that led to the outbreak of the Filipino-American war was ;

A. Pres.McKinley's proclamation of the "Benevolent Assimilation" policy

B. The San Juan Bridge incident where a Filipino soldier was shot by an American sentry✔

C. The Battle of Day

D. Aguinaldo's declaration of Independence

5. Which of the following were the famous triumvirate of the Propaganda Movement?

A. Jose Rizal, Juan Luna, Marcelo Del Pilar

B. Jose Rizal, Graciano Lopez Jaena, Gregorio Del Pilar

C. Jose Rizal, Marcelo Del Pilar, Graciano Lopez Jaena✔

D. Jose Rizal, Juan Luna, Graciano Lopez Jaena

6. As per agreement in the Pact of Biac-na-Bato. Emilio Aguinaldo was to go exile in ;

A. Guam C. Singapore
B. Hongkong✔ D. Dapitan

7. The Thomasites who taught in schools in the early part of American colonization were:

A. Trained American Soldiers✔

B. American soldiers

C. American Protestant Ministers

D. American officials

8. When the Japanese came Manila was declared an "Open City" by McArhur. Open City means :

A. Manila was open for trade

B. Manila was open for negotiation

C. Manila was open for Japanese occupation✔

D. Manila was open for both Japanese and American to stay

9. The combined Filipino and American forces during the Japanese invasion was :

A. Hukbalahap movement C. USAFFE✔

B. Allied Powers D. Philipinne Constabulary

10. The first Filipino appointed by the Americans as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.

A. Jose Abad Santos C. Gregorio Araneta

B. Cayetano Arellano✔ D. Sergio Osmena

11. The Japanese Military Police was called

A. Kalibapi C. Imperial Diet

B. Hukbalahap D. Kempetai✔
12. The agrarian reform program instituted by President Diosdado Macapagal which intended to give
land to the landless tenants was:

A. Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program

B. Agricultural Land Reform Code (ALRC)✔

C. Philippine Tenancy Act

D. Presidential Decree 81

13. The greatest contribution of the Americans to the Philippines was:

A. Freedom of worship C. Scientific Health Programs

B. The public school system✔ D. Parity Rights

14. Which of the following best described the Katipunan?

A. It was a movement which aimed for the Philippines' separation from Spain through force✔

B. It was a movement that wanted reforms from Spain

C. It was working to make the Philippines a province of Spain

D. It was a movement meant to strengthen the colonial government

15. The Americans came to the Philippines in 1989 in order to ?

A. Liberate the Filipinos from the Spaniards

B. Fight the Spaniards because of the outbreak of the Spanish American War✔

C. Invade the Philippines and colonized it

D. Establish trade relations

16. The greatest contribution of Spain to Filipino

culture was?

A. Education
B. Development of Traded

C. Construction of roads and other infrastuctures

D. Christianization of the Filipinos✔

17. Ferdinand Magellan was killed by Lapu-Lapu in the?

A. Battle of Manila Bay C. Battle of Cebu

B. Battle of Mactan✔ D. Battle of Limasawa

18. World War II in the Philippines ended when the Japanese surrender after the bombing of?

A. Bataan and Corregidor C. Tokyo and Kyoto

B. Hiroshima and Nagasaki✔ D. Pearl Harbor

19. Jose Rizal was considered the National Hero because of his efforts to bring about reforms in the lives
of Filipinos through his works in the?

A. Katipunan C. La Liga Filipina

B. Propaganda Movement✔ D. 1896 Revolution

20. The early Filipino were revolts were considered failure. Which among the following is considered the
most important explanation for such failure?

A. The Spaniards had the support of the clergy to whom Filipinos obeyed because of fear

B. The Spaniards had superior weapon and a well-trained military

C. The revolts was limited in scope

D. The lack of unity and leadership which failed to sensitize the people to a common identity and
purpose✔

21. Which statement does not characterize American Policy towards the Philippines?

A. It emphasized more secular rather than spiritual matters

B. American immediately impressed upon Filipinos regard for individual rights✔

C. There was more flexibility as a result of changing times and conditions

D. American rule had not challenged Filipino Nationalism

22. The transfer of troops from Bataan to Capas, Tarlac is called "Death March". Which among the
following phrases best describe such event?

A. The prisoners were treated like animals

B, The prisoners marched to their death

C. The march was so inhuman resulting to many death✔

D. Prisoners were like living dead

23. What title was given to the head of the centralized government established by the Spaniards in the
Philippines?

A. Corregidor C. Gobernadorcillo

B. Encomiendo D. Governor General✔

24. Colonization of the Philippines by Spain is best described as done through:

A. The "cross" because of the conversion by the clergy of pagan Filipinos to Christianity

B. The "cross" because Magellan planted the first cross on Philippine soil

C. The "sword" because the soldiers forcibly made Filipinos accept the Spanish rule

D. The "sword and cross" because they had to make sure that colonization was accomplished✔

25.The Katipunan was the movement founded by Bonifacio. It's major objective was:

A. Seeks reform from Spain

B. Demand for equal rights and privileges for Filipinos

C. Separation of Philippines from Spain✔

D. Assimilation of Philippines by Spain

26. The Americans acquired the Philippines as their colony because

A. They invaded the Philippines

B. They helped Filipinos fight the Spaniards

C. Span cede the Philippines by virtue of the treaty of Paris of 1898✔

D. They defeated the Spaniards

27. During World War II, the Filipino-American forces last defense against the Japanese took place in:

A. Bataan C. Manila

B. Corregidor✔ D. Tarlac

28. The American promised to train Filipinos for self-government. This was realized with the
establishment of this government where all the officials both elected and appointed were Filipinos and
they were supervised for a ten-year period by an American High Commissioner.

A. Republican Government

B. Commonwealth Government✔

C. Civil Government

D. Federal Government

29. When the combined Filipino - American forces were defeated by the Japanese, the Filipinos formed
a guerilla movement called HUKBALAHAP. Which of the following was the main objective such
movement?

A. To successfully defeat the Japanese✔

B. To harass the Japanese

C. To prove that Filipinos can fight without American support

D. To train a military force to strengthen Filipinos defenses

30. The one who colonized the Philippines for the Spaniards was?

A. Columbus C. Legazpi✔

B. Magellan D. Pigafette

❤️SOCIAL SCIENCE❤️

1. The Philippines ten-year transaction period before the granting of complete independence from the
Americans.

A. Commonwealth Government B. Third Republic

C. Puppet government

D. Revolutionary

Rationalization: A – Also known as the Quezon government

2. The Act/Law that led to the granting of ten-year transition period.

A. Here-Hawes Cutting Bill

B. Tydings-McDuffie Law

C. Parity Rights

D. Independence Law

Rationalization: B – This Independence mission was headed by Press. Manuel L. Quezon

3. The Chairman of the 1934 Constitutional Convention.

A. Cecillia Munoz Palma

B. Carlos P. Garcia

C. Diosdado Macapagal

D. Claro M. recto

Ratioalization: C – Claro M. Recto

4. The first appointed head of the Department of Education during Commonwealth period.
A. Claro M. Recto

B. Sergio Osmena

C. Rafael Palma

D. Jose P. Laurel

Rationalization: B – He was appointed by Pres. Quezon

5. The “father of social justice.”

A. Claro M. Recto

B. Sergio Osmena

C. Manuel L. Quezon

D. Jose P. Laurel

Rationalization: C – Manuel L. Quezon

6. The leader of Sakdalista uprising

A. Benigno Aquino

B. Benigno Ramos

C. Isabelo delos Reyes

D. Isabelle Espiritu

Rationalization: B – Benigno Ramos

The SAKDALISTA coming from the tagalog word sakdal, meaning “to accuse” movement was founded in
1930 by a right wing leader, Benigno Ramos, a writer and discontented former government clerk. The
name of the movement was based on Emile Zola’s 1898 letter cristicising the French government, J’
accuse

7. The last department turned over by the Americans to be government by a Filipino

A. Department of Public Health and Welfare

B. Department of Trade

C. Department of Education

D. Department of Defense

Rationalization: C – To ensure quality education in the Philippines and to preserve the interest of US
8. The Rizal Day Celebration reminds us about heroes worth

A. Appreciating

B. Reading about

C. Emulating

D. Studying

Rationalization: C – it encompasses the 3 domains of learning: Cognitive, affective and psychomotor

9. Section 6, Article XIV states that the national language of the Philippines is ________________.

A. English

B. Filipino

C. Tagalog

D. Cebuano

Rationalization: B – Filipino

10. SECTION 3, Article XIV states that “ALL educational institutions shall include that study of
_____________ as part of curriculum.”

A. History

B. Science & Technology

C. Sports

D. Constitution

Rationalization: D – Constitution

11. Who has the power of declare the existence of the state of war?

A. Senate President

B. Chief Justice

C. President

D. Congress

Rationalization: D – Article VI of the 1987 Constitution

12. “ The State shall protect and promote the right of all citizens to quality education at all levels.”
Which government program is in support of this?

A. Exclusion of children with special needs from the formal system

B. Free elementary and secondary education

C. Deregulated and secondary education

D. Re-introduction of the NEAT and NSAT

Rationalization: B – Section 2, Article XIV of the 1987 constitution

13. The old name of EDSA during early part of American occupation

A. 19 de junio

B. Highway 54

C. Highway 53

D. Highway 52

Rationalization: A – Epifanio de los Santos Avenue (EDSA, pronounced ed-sah), formerly known as
HIGHWAY 54, is the main circumferential road and highway of Metro Manila in the Philippines. It is an
important commuting artery between the northern and southern parts of the metropolitan area. EDSA
is a partially-controlled access, mostly 10-lane divided highway (expressway), with three general lanes
and the two outer lanes reserved for buses and other HOV traffic lights. EDSA has many interchanges
along its length that eliminate the need for traffic lights, though traffic lights exist where there is
insufficient space of funds for a complete interchange.

14. RA 9155 also known as”_____________.”

A. Basic Education Act of 2001

B. Restructured Basic Education

C. Education For All

D. Bridge Program

Rationalization: A – AN ACT INTITUTING A FRAME WORK OF GOVERNMENT FOR BASIC EDUCATION,

ESTABLISHING AUTHORITY AND ACCOUNTABILITY, RENAMING THE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION,
CULTURE AND SPORTS AS THE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

15. RA 4670 also known as”______________”

A. Board of Higher Education

B. The Magna Carta For Public School Teachers

C. State of National Emergency

D. Calibrated Pre-emptive Response

Rationalization: B – Sec. 1. Declaration of Policy. It is hereby declared to be the policy of this Act to
promote and improve the social and economic status of public school teachers, their living and working
conditions, their terms of employment and career prospects in order that they may compare favorably
with existing opportunities in other walk of life, attract and retain in the teaching profession more
people with the proper qualification, it being recognized that advance in education depends on the
qualifications, the teaching staff and that education is an essential factor in the economic growth of the
nation as a productive investment of vital importance

16. President Ramos’ Medium Term Philippines Development Plan (MTPDP).

A. Angat pinoy 2004

B. SONA 2001

C. Philippines 2000

D. Sustainable Development

Rationalization: C – Focal point: human empowerment

17. President Estrada’s MTPDP.

A. Angat Pinoy 2004

B. SONA 2001

C. Philippines 2000

D. Sustainable Development

Rationalization: A – Focal point: Social Equity

18. How long can an elected President of the Philippines serve under the 1987 Constitution?

A. Two terms, 6 years each

B. Two terms, 4 years each

C. One term for 6 years

D. One term for 4 years

Rationalization: C – Section 4, Article VII

19. Historically, Why does the Philippines have a claim over sabah?

A. The sultan of Sulu, who received the territory as a gift, has given the Philippines Government

Power to reclaim his territory.

B. The Malays, the third wave of migrants to the country, own the territory.

C. Sabah was formerly a part of the Philippines archipelago.

D. The Philippines government bought it from the Sultan of Brunei

Rationalization: A - The official filing of the claim took place on june 22, 1962. The claims are of
sovereignty, jurisdiction, and proprietary ownership to North Borneo. Philippines being successor- in-
interest of the Sultan of Sulu derived its legal and historical rights in North Borneo.

#plsfollowmypost

20. Known as the Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for Government employees and officials.

A. RA 6713

B. RA 1425

C. RA 7610

D. RA 9262

ANS: A

21. Which of the following describes the Battle of Manila Bay between American and Spanish naval
forces?

A. The Americans ships outnumbered those of the Spaniards.

B. The Spaniards readily won the battle over the Americans.

C. It was a mock naval battle between the Spaniards and the Americans.

D. The Americans won the battle with great difficulty.

Rationalization: A – The Battle of Manila Bay took place on 1 May 1898, during the Spanish- American
War. The American Asiatic Squadron under Commodore George Dewey engaged and destroyed the
Spanish Pacific Squadron under Admiral Patricio Montojo y Pasaron. The engagement took place in
Manila Bay in the Philippines, and was the first major engagement of the Spanish-American War.

22. What right and duty do Filipinos exercise when they participate in ratifying a proposed constitution ?

A. Citizenship
B. Habeas corpus

C. Suffrage

D. Bill of Rights

Rationalization: C – through plesbicite

23. The Old name of EDSA during the World War II

A. 19 de Junio

B. Highway 54

C. Highway 53

D. Highway 52

ANS: B

24. Who was the first president of the Republic of the Philippines when independence from America was
granted on july 4, 1946.

A. Pres. Corazon Aquino

B. Pres. Elpidio Quirino

C. Pres. Ferdinand Marcos

D. Pres. Manuel Roxas

Rationalization: D – Pres. Manuel Roxas was the last president of Commonwealth and the first president
of the third Republic

25. According to him President “... this Nation will be great again...!

A. Pres. Corazon Aquino

B. Pres. Elpidio Quirino

C. Pres. Ferdinand Marcos

D. Pres. Manuel Roxan

Rationalization: C – He delivered this state in one of his inaugural speeches.

26. He had promised sweeping economic changes, and he did make progress in land reform, opening
new settlements outside crowded Luzon island. His death in an airplane crash in March 1957, was a
serious blow to national morale.
A. Pres. Ramon Magsaysay

B. Pres. Elpidio Quirino

C. Pres. Ferdinand Marcos

D. Pres. Manuel Roxas

Rationalization: A – The President of the “Common Tao”

27. Martial law remained in force until 1981 under Proclamation # _________

A. 1081

B. 1425

C. 9994

D. 7610

Rationalization: A – From September 21, 1972 to 1981

28. What in SONA stands for?

A. State of the National Address

B. State of the Nation Approval

C. Status of the Nation Address

D. State of the Nation Address

Rationalization: D – Every Fourth Monday of July

29. What is Republic Act 8049?

A. Anti – Hazing Law

B. Anti sexual harassment Law

C. Law Protection Women and Children against all forms of abuses, discrimination and exploitation

D. Expanded Senior Citizen Act of 2010

Rationalization: A – REPUBLIC ACT No. 8049 – AN ACT REGULATING HAZING AND OTHER FORMS OF
INITIATION RITES IN FRATERNITIES, SOROROTIES, AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS AND PROVIDING
PENALTIES THEREFORE

30. What is Republic Act 9994?

A. Anti – Hazing Law

B. Anti sexual harassment Law

C. Law Protecting Women and Children against all forms of abuses, discrimination and exploitation

D. Expanded Senior Citizens Act of 2010

Rationalization: D – AN ACT GRANTING ADDITIONAL BENEFITS AND PRIVILEGES TO OTHERWISE KNOWN,

FURTHER AMENDING REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7432, AS AMENDED, CITIZENS TO NATION BUILDING, GRANT
BENEFITS AND SPECIAL PRIVILEGES AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

31. Republic Act 9262 adheres with

A. Anti – Hazing Law

B. Anti sexual harassment Law

C. Law Protecting Women and Children against all forms of abuses, and exploitation

D. Expanded Senior Citizens Act of 2010

Rationalization: B – AN ACT DEFINING VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN AND THEIR CHILDREN, PROVIDING
FOR PROTECTIVE MEASURES FOR VICTIMS, PRESCRIBING PENALTIES THEREFORE, AND FOR OTHER
PURPOSES

32. Republic Act 7877 also known as

A. Anti – Hazing Law

B. Anti sexual harassment Law

C. Law Protecting Women and Children against all forms of abuses, discrimination and exploitation

D. Expanded Senior Citizens Act of 2010

Rationalization: B – AN ACT DECLAIRING SEXUAL HARASSMENT UNLAWFUL IN THE EMPLOYMENT,

EDUCATION FOR TRAINING ENVIRONMENT, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

33. Section 5 (5), Article XIV of the 1987 Constitution mandates the Government to give the highest
budgetary to:

A. Department of Interior and Local Government

B. Department of Education

C. Department of Science and Technology

D. Department of Public Works and Highways

Rationalization: B – Section 5 (5), Article XIV of the 1987 Constitution

34. The chairmen of the 1972 Constitutional Convention

A. Former Presidents Garcia and Marcos

B. Former Presidents Garcia and Macapagal

C. Former Presidents Garcia and Quirino

D. Former Presidents Garcia and Roxas

Rationalization: D – Conflict is the anti thesis of peace education

35. With peace education in mind, What is NOT included

A. Dialogue

B. Mediation

C. Cooperation

D. Conflict

Rationalization: D – Conflict is the anti thesis of peace education

#renros

36. What is the very foundation of genuine peace and reconciliation

A. Happiness

B. Joy

C. Confrontation

D. Social Justice

Rationalization: D – Article XII of the 1987 Constitution

37. The newly appointed secretary of DSWD by Pres. Noynoy Aquino

A. Jinky Soliman

B. Dinky Soliman

C. Pacquito Ochoa, jr.

D. Butch Abad
Rationalization: B – Current issue

38. The first essay of Rizal

A. El Amor Partio

B. A la Juventud Filipina

C. Sa Aking Kabata

D. Mi Ultimo Adois

Rationalization: A – Days after he arrived in Barcelona in June 1882, he wrote the essay El Amor Patrio
(Love of the Country), which contained the reasons behind that deep fondness

39. The Republic Act that requires us to teach Rizal and other Filipinos patriots to tertiary students

A. RA 7836

B. RA 7610

C. RA 1425

D. RA 9165

Rationalization: C – An act to include in the Curricula of All Public and Private Schools, Colleges and
Universities courses on the life Works and Writings of JOSE RIZAL, particularly his novels NOLI ME
TANGERE and EL FILIBUSTERISMO, Authorizing the Printing and Distribution Thereof, and for Other
Purposes.

40. What is the Right of SUFFRAGE advocates

A. The Right of the people to vote

B. The Right of the people to vote and be elected in public office

C. The Right of the people not to vote

D. The Right of the people for clean elections

Rationalization: B – Article V of the 1987 Constitution

41. Where is the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) located?

A. UP Los Banos, Laguna

B. UP Diliman, Quezon City

C. Up IloIlo
D. UP Manila

ANS: A

42. The mountain that separates the continents of Asia and Europe

A. Ural mountain

B. Mt. Kilimanjaru

C. Mt. Everest

D. Mt. Apo

Rationalization: A – They are rich in various deposits, including metal ores, coal, precious and semi-
precious stones, and since the 18th century have been the major mineral base of Russia.

43. The old name of Vietnam

A. Formosa

B. Siam

C. Persia

D. Annam

Rationalization: D – Now Vietnam

44. The “yellow Race” also known as:

A. Tigris and Euphrates

B. Hwang-Ho and Yangtze

C. Nile and Indus

D. Aegean and Mekong

Rationalization: B – Is a word used to describe people of East Asian and Southeast Asian origin

45. The major rivers in China

A. Tigris and Euphrates

B. Hwang-Ho and Yangtze

C. Nile and Indus

D. Aegean and Mekong

Rationalization: B – Hwang-Ho river is the second-longest river in China (after the Yangtze River) and the
sixth-longest in the world at the estimated length of 5,464, kilometers (3,395 mi).

46. The World biggest peninsula

A. Arabian peninsula

B. Iberian peninsula

C. Korean peninsula

D. Italy

Rationalization: A – it is the world’s largest peninsula and covers 3,237,500 Km2 (1,250,000 mi2). The
area is an important part of the Middle East and plays a critical geopolitical role due to its vast reserves
of oil and natural gas

#plsfollowme

47. The boot-shaped peninsula

A. Arabian peninsula

B. Iberian peninsula

C. Korean peninsula

D. Italy

Rationalization: D – The country’s total area is 301,230 km2, of which 294,020 km2 is land and 7,210
km2 is water. Including the islands.

48. Known as the “Isla de Pintados” by the Spaniards

A. Luzon

B. Visayas

C. Mindanao

D. Isla Verde

Rationalization: B – Visayans – The most painted people.

49. Man’s conviction is his/her _________

A. Norms

B. Belief
C. Values

D. Mores

Rationalization: B – We tend to internalize the beliefs of the people around us during childhood.

50. Also known as the Bangkok Declaration of 1967

A. APEC

B. UN

C. EU

D. ASEAN

Rationalization: D – Held in Thailand in 1967

1. 🔹TRUST vs MISTRUST (Infant) 0-28mos

2. 🔹AUTONOMY vs SHAME & DOUBT ( Toddler) 1-3mos

3. 🔹INIATIVE vs GUILT (Preschooler) 3-6yrs.

4. 🔹INDUSTRY vs INFERIORITY (School Age) 6-12yrs

5. 🔹IDENTITY vs ROLE CONFUSION (Adolescent) 12-18yrs

6. 🔹INTIMACY vs ISOLATION. (Young Adult)

7. 🔹GENERATIVITY vs STAGNATION (Middle Adult) 24-54yrs

8. 🔹EGO INTEGRITY vs DESPAIR (Older Adult) Self, Satisfaction, Stories

-----------------------------------------------------

📍COGNITIVE DEVT. (Jean Piaget)📍

✔Schemas- building blocks

✔Eyes and ears- most common.senses children usually use

.

1.) Assimilation- OLD

2.) Accomodation- NEW

▶4 Stages of Cognitive Devt.◀

1.) 🔹Sensorimotor. (birth-2)

✔Object permanence- develop 6mos.

2.) 🔹Pre-operational (2-7)

➡magical thinking

➡Symbolic thought

✔Animism- give life to non-living things.

◾Centration-

◾Egocentrism- self centered

◾Conservation- identify quantity

◾Irreversibility-

◾Intuitive thought- beliefs w/out basis

3.) 🔹Concrete operational (7-11 yrs old)

➡ logical thinking

Seriation- numbering based on size

5.) 🔹Formal operational (11- adulthood)

➡concrete

➡scientific reasoning

➡science

-----------------------------------------------------

📍MORAL DEVT. (Kohlberg)📍

1.) 🔹Pre- conventional (PARENTS)

Stage 1- punishment

Stage2- reward

2.) 🔹Conventional (OTHER PEOPLE)

Stage 3- Recognition

Stage 4- Rules

3.) 🔹Post conventional (SELF)

Stage 5- Exemption

Stage 6- Justice

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📍SOCIAL DEVT. (Lev Vgotzsky)📍

➡ mentorship
➡ support to students

1. Culture

2. Social interaction

3. Language

▶Pre intellectual- (nonverbal)

▶External/ social language- ( for communication other people)

▶Inner/ hidden speech - (non verbal, deep thougths)

▶Private speech- (verbal, talk to your self)

🔝ZPD or ZONE OF PROXIMAL DEVT🔝 (Scafolding)- assistance

🔝Computer Analogy- Information Processing Theory🔝

1.) 🔹Input devices- sensory memory

(what I LEARN)

2.) 🔹Processor/Ram- working memory (what I THINK)

3.) 🔹Output - response to stimuli

(what I DO)

4.) 🔹Hard drive storage- long term memory (what I REMEMBER)

-----------------------------------------------------

📍SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY (Albert Bandura)📍

➡ modelling
➡ observational

➡ meditation

1. Anticipate

2. Attention

3. Retention- (recall or ulitin)

4. Motor reproduction- (performing)

5. Motivational- (reinforcement/ pinagalitan)

-----------------------------------------------------

📍SOCIAL and EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE (Daniel Goleman)📍

➡ Ability to identify, asses and control your emotion and emotion of others.

-----------------------------------------------------

📍BOWLBY's THEORY (Bowlby)📍

➡ attachment

1.) 🔹Self awareness

2.) 🔹Self management- activities you do to control your emotion

3.) 🔹Social awareness

4.) 🔹Relationship management

▶Monotropy (normal)
▶Maternal deprivation- psychopathy, affectionless

▶Distress- detachment, despair, protest

-----------------------------------------------------

📍SOCIO ECOLOGICAL MODEL (Bronfenbrenner)📍

➡ interaction in environment

1.) 🔹Microsystem- center

2.) 🔹Mesosystem- how your microsystem interact

4.) 🔹Ecosystem-

5.) 🔹Macrosystem-

-----------------------------------------------------

📍HIERARCHY OF NEEDS (Abraham Maslow)📍

1.) 🔹Physiological (basic needs)

2.) 🔹Safety and Security (water)

3.) 🔹Love and Belongingness (shelter)

4.) 🔹Self Esteem

5.) 🔹Self actualization

-----------------------------------------------------
📍PSYCHO-ANALYTIC (Sigmund Freud)📍

1.) 🔹ID- (pleasure)

2.) 🔹EGO (reality, balance)

3.) 🔹SUPER EGO (conscience)

📍PSYCHO-SEXUAL📍

1.) 🔹ORAL. (mouth use)

2.) 🔹ANAL. (toilet use)

3.) 🔹PHALLIC (both BOY and GIRL)

4.) 🔹LATENCY

5.) 🔹GENITAL

✔Electra Complex- (mother/girl)

✔Oedipus Complex- (father/boy)8

-----------------------------------------------------

📍CONNECTIONISM (Thorndike) 📍

🔹 Law of READINESS

🔹 Law of EXERCISE
🔹Law of EFFECT

FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION

● John Locke 👉 was an English philosopher and physician "Father of Liberalism" ; to form character
(mental, physical, and moral) ; Education as Training of the mind/Formal discipline ; Notable ideas -
"Tabula rasa"

● Francis Bacon 👉was an English philosopher, statesman, scientist, jurist, orator and author. "Father of
scientific method" "Father of empiricism"

● Jean Jacques Rousseau 👉was a Francophone Genevan philosopher, writer and composer of the 18th
century."Hollistic education"(physical,moral, intellectual)

Notable ideas - moral simplicity of humanity; child centered learning; Famous novel: "Emile" or On
Education; Human Development

● Edgar Dale 👉was an American educator who developed the "Cone of Experience"

aka "Father of Modern Media in Education"

● Erik Erikson 👉was a German-born American developmental psychologist and psychoanalyst known
for his theory on "psychosocial development" of human beings.

● Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi 👉was a swiss pedagogue and educational reformer who exemplified
Romanticism in his approach. "Social regeneration of humanity" Notable ideas: "Four-sphere concept of
life" his motto was " Learning by head, hand and heart"

● Friedrich Frobel 👉was a German pedagogue a student of Pestalozzi who laid the "foundation of
modern education" based on the recognition that children have unique needs and capabilities. "Father
of kindergarten"

● Johann Herbart 👉was a German philosopher, psychologist and founder of pedagogy as an academic
discipline. ;

● Edward Lee Thorndike👉 was an American psychologist ; " Father of Modern educational psychology;
connectionism; law of effect. ; "Realize the fullest satisfaction of human wants"

PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION

● IDEALISM 👉 Plato (own ideas) nothing exist except in the mind of a man/ what we want the world to
be

● REALISM 👉 Aristotle;Herbart; Comenius; Pestalozzi; Montessori; Hobbes; Bacon; Locke

(experience) fully mastery of knowledge

● BEHAVIORISM 👉always guided by standards/by procedure; purpose is to modify the behavior

● EXISTENTIALISM 👉Kierkegaard; Sartre; "Man shapes his being as he lives"

Focuses on self/individual

● PRAGMATISM/EXPERIMENTALISM 👉William James; John Dewey - learn from experiences through

interaction to the environment

Emphasizes the needs and interests of the children

● PERENNIALISM 👉Robert Hutchins

focuses on unchanging/universal truths

● ESSENTIALISM 👉 William Bagley - teaching the basic/essential knowledge

Focuses on basic skills and knowledge

● PROGRESSIVISM 👉Dewey/Pestalozzi (process of development)

focuses on the whole child and the cultivation of individuality

● CONSTRUCTIVISM👉Jean Piaget

Focused on how humans make meaning in relation to the interaction b/w their experiences and their
ideas. Nature of knowledge w/c represents an epistemological stance.

● SOCIAL RECONSTRUCTIONISM 👉George Counts - recognized that education was the means of
preparing people for creating his new social order

highlights social reform as the aim of education

ACCULTURATION - learning other culture; the passing of customs, beliefs and tradition through
interaction and reading.

ENCULTURATION - the passing of group's custom, beliefs and traditions from one generation to the next
generation

Convergent questions - are those that typically have one correct answer.

Divergent questions - also called open-ended questions are used to encourage many answers and
generate greater participation of students. Higher order thinking skills; to think more creatively.

90 days - enrolled bills becomes a law

30 days - "lapse"

PRINCIPLES & THEORIES OF LEARNING & MOTIVATION

● Psychosexual Theory/Psychoanalysis - Sigmund Freud

● Psychosocial Theory - Erik Erikson's Theory of Personality

● Ecological Theory - Eric Brofenbrenner's Theory of Development

● Sociohistoric Cognitive Linguistic Theory - Lev Semanovich Vygotsky

● Cognitive Development - Jean Piaget; John Dewey; Jerome Brunner

● Phenomenology - Abraham Maslow; Carl Rogers; Louis Raths

● Behaviorism - Edward Thorndike; Ivan Pavlov; Burrhus Frederick Skinner

● Moral Development - Lawrence Kohlberg

● Ivan Pavlov - classical conditioning

● Edward Thorndike - connectionism

● B.F. Skinner - operant conditioning & reinforcement

● Albert Bandura - "bobo doll" experiment; modelling; self eficacy

● David Ausubel - Meaningful Reception Theory

● Jerome Bruner - Discovery Learning Theory/Inquiry method

● Wolfgang Kohler's - Insight Learning Problem

● Richard Atkinson & Richard Shiffrin's - Information Processing Theory

● Robert Gagne's - Cumulative Learning Theory

● Howard Gardner - Multiple Intelligence

● Kurt Lewin's - Field Theory/ his concept of life space

● Brofenbrenner's - Ecological System Theory

● Lev Vygotsky - Social Constructivism; Zond of Proximal Development (ZPD) * gap b/w actual and
potential development

● Hilda Taba - Grassroots Approach

● Max Wertheimer - Gestalt Psychology

● Wilhelm Wundt - "Father of Modern Psychology"

● William James - wrote the "Principles of psychology"/ consciousness

● hypothalamus - brain's stress center

● Abraham Maslow - physiological needs; "Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs" ; safety&security; love &
belongingness; self-esteem; self-actualization

● John B. Watson - (behaviorist approach) an American psychologist who established the psychological
school of behaviorism.

FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE

● Metaphor - is a comparison made b/w things w/c are essentially not alike.

Ex: "Nobody invites Edward to parties because He is a wet blanket"

● Simile - is like a metaphor and often uses the words "like" or "as"

Ex: "Jamie runs as fast as the wind"

● Personification - when something that is not human is given human-like qualities, this is known as
personification.

Ex: " The leaves danced in the wind on the cold October afternoon"

● Hyperbole - exaggerating, often in a humorous way to make a particular point is known as hyperbole.

Ex: "My eyes widened at the sight of the mile-high ice cream cones we we're having for dessert"

● Onomatopoeia - when you name an action by imitating the sound associated with it.

Ex: "The bees buzz angrily when their hive is disturbed"

● Idiom - an idiom is an expression used by a particular group of people with a meaning that is only
known through common use.

Ex: "I'm just waiting for him to kick the bucket."

● Synecdoche - a synecdoche is a figure of speech using a word/words that are a part to represent a
whole.

Ex: referring to credit cards as "plastic" is a synecdoche

● Assonance - when you repeat a vowel sound in a phrase, it is an assonance.

Ex: "It's true, I do like Sue."

● Metonymy - a metonymy is a figure of speech where one thing is replaced w/a word that is closely
associated with it such as using "Washington" to refer to the United States

REPUBLIC ACTS
● RA #7836 - Philippine Teacher Professionalization Act of 1994

● RA #7796 - TESDA Act of 1994

● Article XIV 1987 Philippine Constitution (Educ.Sci & Tech,Arts,Culture& Sports) this is the very
fundamental legal basis of education in thr philippines.

● Education Act of 1982 (Batas Pambansa 232, Sept 11,1982) an Act providing for the Establishment &
Maintenance of an Integrated System of Education

● RA #4670 - Magna Carta for Public School Teachers (June 18,1966)

● RA #6713 - Code of Conduct & Ethical Standards For Public Officials and Employees

● RA #7877 - Anti-sexual Harrassment Act of 1995

● RA #⃣9155 - Decentralization; Legal basis of Shared Governance in Basic Education

● RA #⃣7784 - Establishment of Center of Excellence

● K-12 Curriculum - Enhanced Basic Education Curriculum

● RA #⃣90210 - "An Act to Integrate Information Teachnology into the Public Elementary & Secondary
Curricula & Appropriating funds

● RA #⃣10121 - DRMM approval headed by OCO office of Civil defense May 2010

LITERATURE

● Folklore - traditionally derived and orally transmitted literature

● Folktales - reflect the people's beliefs handed down from generation to generation by word of mouth

● Epilogue - conclusion or final part of non-dramatic literary work

● Genre - distinctive type of literary composition such as epic, tragedy, comedy & novel

● "Quo Vadis" - means "where are you going"

● hieroglyphics - oldest forn of egyptian writing

● Allegory - narrative whose meaning is beneath the surface

● Elegy - a meditated poem of grief

● Sonnet - verse w/14 iambic pentameter lines

● Epic - long poem w/c depicts the adventure of a great hero who reveals his country's aspirations;
narrates heroic deeds and supernatural happenings w/local actor in w/c people sing/chant
● Soliloquy - speech made by a person who reveals his thoughts

● Manuel Arcilla - "How my brother Leon brought home a wife"

● Washington Irving - "The Legend of a Sleepy Hollow"

● Fall of the house of usher - hypochondriac living in morbid fear

● Cyrano de Bergerac - poet & soldier noted for his Peculiar nose

● "The Illiad of Homer" - great epic poem whose plot centers around the anger & wrath of Achilles
against agamemnon

● "The Bells" - "If eyes are made for seeing, then beauty is its own excuse for being"

● Cacophony - literary term w/c means harsh & discordant sounds introduced for poetic effect

● George Bernard Shaw - know for his excellence of characterization, swiftness of narrative & clarity of
style.

● Edgar Allan Poe - greatest American writer of horror and detective stories

● Rabindranath Tagore - best known for his collection of poems called Gitanjali/song offerings

● Robert Frost - ranked as one of the best modern American poets.

● Geoffrey Chaucer - Morning Star of English Literature

● Mark Twain - "Samuel Clemens"

● Harriet Stowe - "Uncle Tom's Cabin"

● Charles Darwin - Origin of species

● Lazlo Biro - invented the ball point pen

● Harry Potter - epic kind of story

VOCABULARY

Emulate 〰 imitate

Vouchsafe 〰 grant

Abeyance 〰 suspended

Denigrate 〰 malign

Furtive 〰 sneaky
Remonstrate 〰protest

Corroborate 〰confirm

Gullible〰easily deceived

Germane〰relevant

Plebeian〰common

Vulpine〰cunning

Spendthrift〰spender

Impolitic〰unwise

Terse〰concise

Parsimonious〰stingy

Stupefy〰make numb

Pariah〰outcast

Wizened〰shrivelled

Dubious〰doubtful

Incriminates〰accuse

Frivolous〰worthless

Susceptible〰inclined

Impertinent〰irrelevant

Ostracized 〰excluded

Conglomeration〰diffusion

Cacophonous〰loud and unpleasant

Carnal〰worldly

Aplomb〰composure

Candor 〰honesty

Contemptuous 〰 scornful
Feeble 〰 weak

Inevitable 〰 certain

FILIPINO

● Ang panubong - handog sa dalagang may kaarawan (koronang bulaklak)

● Florante at Laura - (awit) "katiwalian ng mga kastila"

● Jose dela Cruz - tungkod ng tulang tagalog

● Noli Me Tangere - (Rizal) suliraning panlipunan ng bayan

● "Doktrina Kristiyana" - Fr. Domingo de Nieva 👉 unang aklat na nalimbag sa pilipinas

● Severino Reyes - Ama ng dulaang tagalog

● Juan Luna - La Spolarium

● "Alim" - pinakamatandang epiko ng pilipinas

● Jose Palma - naglikha ng "Himno Nacional Filipino"

● Liwayway - nabigyan ng pagpapahalaga ang sariling wika

● Lope K.Santos - "Ama ng balarila ng pilipino"

● Andres Bonifacio - "anak bayan"

● Pupdok/Kinting kulirat - hindi kailanman ginamit ni Marcelo del Pilar

● Teodoro Agoncillo - isang kilalang manunulat ng kasaysayan

● Manuel Quezon - Ama ng Wikang Pambansa

● Constancio de Guzman - lumikha ng awit na "Ang Bayan Ko"

● Pascual Poblete - Ama ng pahayagang tagalog

GEN ED

1. Ito ay sinulat ni Harriet Stowe ng Estados Unidos na tumawag ng pansin sa kalagayan ng mga alipin at
naging batayan ng simulain ng demokrasya.
a. ang “Book of the Dead”

b. and “ Uncle Tom’s Cabin”

c. “Divina Comedia”

d. “Sa May Dakong Bukid”

e. “Quran”

Sagot: b

2. Ito’y isang mahabang tulang pang – awit bilang handog sa iang dalagang may kaarawan. Kilala rin ito
sa Katagalugan dahil sa pagpuputong ng koronang bulaklak sa dalaga.

a. Senakulo

b. Kurido

c. Ensilida

d. Ang Panuluyan

e. Ang Panubong

Sagot: e

3. Isang uri ng tula na binubuo ng labindalawang pantig bawat taludtod sa isang saknong at inaawit ito
ngang marahan. Pangunahing halimbawa ay ang “ Florante at Laura.”

a. Ang Tibag

b. Balagtasan

c. Awit

d. Dulaan

e. Kurido

Sagot: c

4. Isa sa mga ito ang kilalang isa sa malimit banggitin bilang tungkod ng tulang Tagalog.

a. Inigo Ed. Regalado

b. Miguel de Cervantes

c. Virgilio S. Almario
d. Jose dela Cruz

e. Manuel Bautista

Sagot: d

5. Sinulat ito ni Rizal na tumalakay sa mga suliraning panlipunan ng bayan.

a. El Filibusterismo

b. “Mi Ultimo Adios”

c. Noli Me Tangere

d. “Bayan Ko”

e. Ang Inang Bayan

Sagot: c

6. Ang may – akda ng kauna unahang aklat na nilimbag sa Pilipinas, ang “Doctrina Kristiana.”

a. Fr. Domingo de Nieva

b. Fr. Modesto de Castro

c. Fr. Miguel Bustamante

d. Fr. Jose Gomez

e. Fr. Miguel Cera

Sagot: a

7. Isa sa mga it ay hindi kabilang sa ating matandang panitikan.

a. epiko

b. kuwentong – bayan

c. alamat

d. kantahing – bayan

e. moro – moro

Sagot: e

8. Tinuturing na pinakamatandang epiko ng pilipinas.

a. “Si Malakas at Maganda”

b. “Alim”

c. “Iblalon”

d. “Biag ni Lam – Ang

e. “Bidasari”

Sagot: b

9. Ang titik para sa “Himno Nacional Filipino” ay nilikha ni?

a. Jose Palma

b. Julian Balmaceda

c. Julian Felipe

d. Julian Panganiban

e. Julian Palma

Sagot: a

10. Ang “Kodigo ni kalantiaw” ay naglalaman ng?

a. batas na dapat sundin ng mga mamamayan

b. pamantayan para maayos na pamumuhay

c. batas ng kagandahang asal

d. kasunduang pang – pangkalakalan

e. kasunduang pang – pulitikal

Sagot: a

11. Ang akdang hindi nauukol sa relihiyon noong panahon ng Kastila

a. dalit

b. panuluyan

c. senakulo

d. panubog
e. alay

Sagot: d

12. Naglalaman ng mga butyl ng karunungang kinapapalooban ng mabuting payo hango sa tunay na
karanasan ng ating mga ninuno.

a. bugtong

b. talinghaga

c. salawikain

d. palaisipan

e. pabula

Sagot: c

13. Ang Katotohanan inihayag sa awiting “Florante at Laura” ni Balagtas.

a. kahirapan sa buhay

b. katiwalian ng mga Kastila

c. pag – iibigan ng mga magka – ibang lahi

d. buhay pangangalakal noon panahon ng Kastila

e. paraan ng pamumuhay

Sagot: b

14. Dahilan kong bakit nagging masigla ang pagsulat ng mga Pilipino ssa magasing “liwayway” nuong
panahon ng Hapon.

a. malaya silang sumulat

b. Walang takot silang sumulat

c. nabigyan ng pagpapahalaga ang sariling wika

d. mapayapa ang panahon

e. paraan ng pamumuhay

Sagot: c

15. Ang “Urbana at Felisa” na isinulat ni Modesto de Castro, ay naglalaman ng magagandang asal ng mga
Pilipino tungkol sa
a. pakikipagkapwa, paggalang sa magulang at pagkilala sa Diyos

b. magandang relasyon ng makakapatid

c. pagtupad ng tungkulin sa bayan

d. pagharap sa pagsubok sa buhay

e. pagkilala sa karapatan ng kapwa

Sagot: a

16. Ano ang kahulugan na nais iparating ng talatang ito hango sa “Sa Bagong Paraiso” ni Efren Abueg?”
At ang pamumulaklak at pamumunga ng manga, santol, sinegwelas at ng iba pang punungkahoy o
halaman sa loobang iyon ay nagpatuloy. Ang damuhan ay natuyo at muling sinibulan ng bagong
supling.”

a. Napakaganda ng mga tanawin sa lalawigan

b. Panahon ng tag – araw

c. Patuloy ang paglipas ng panahon

d. Malulusog ang pananim sa lalawigan

e. Mas masarap manirahan sa lalawigan

Sagot: c

17. Ano ang nais iparating ni Jose Rizal sa talatang ito hango sa kanyang “Noli Me Tangere”;”Mamatay
akong di – man Nakita ang mangingining na pagbubukang – liwayway sa aking Inang Bayan. Kayong
makakakita, batiin ninyo siya at huwag kalilimutan ang mga nalugmok sa dilim ng gabi.”

a. pagkawala ng pag-asa dahil sa mga nangyari sa bayan

b. pag-asa sa kalayaan at paggunita sa mga taong nagbuwis ng buhay para sa kalayaan

c. pagpapa-walang halaga sa paghihirap ng mga bayani.

d. malawakang kalungkutan nadarama sa pagkawala ng pag asa

e. taong bayan na dumaranas ng kalupitan at karahasan

Sagot: b

18. Karaniwang tauhan ng akdang ito ay mga hayop na ang layunin ay ipa-alam ang mga kaugaliang
dapat pamarisan.

a. tugmaan
b. alamat

c. pabula

d. parabula

e. kwentong bayan

Sagot: c

19. Sa mga saknong na ito hango sa “Florante at Laura” ni Balagtas, ano ang kahulugan nito? “Katiwala
ako’t ang inyong kariktan; Kapilas ng langit, anaki’y matibay; Tapat ang puso mo’t di-nagunamgunam; Na
ang paglililo’y nasa kagandahan”

a. Ang kagandahan ay maaaring makalinlang ng tao

b. Maaring pagtakpan ng kagandahan angisang kataksilan

c. Pisikal na kagandahan ay maaring magpahiwatig rin ng kagandahang asal

d. Kagandahan ay maari ring maging batayan ngk pagtitiwala sa katapan ng tao

e. Sadyang mapaglinlang ang kagandahan

Important details

1. “Political dynasties”

to uphold the equality of public service

2. What map illustrates the Physical contour of an area?

Topographic map

3. The state shall receive support from.

Government

4. EDSA Revolt “what kind of research?”

Cohort Study

5. The teacher must be ______ to be fair & accurate to assess the students

Objective

6. “Traditional authority”

King Loui XIV

7. Civilization.. educational goal to develop individual man to act & to think

Sumeria

8. Prisoners from city jail

Penal facilities not under sub-human conditions

9. Filipino attitude

Remedyo attitude

10. Herbert Spencer “no need to improve society, cause it evolve change ____.”

Naturally

11. Refers to thinking, feeling, and behavior of a society

Culture

12. You can teach anthropology, biology, and sociology concepts with linguistics

Integrative

13. Appointed by the president and commission of appointment EXCEPT :

Associates Justice and Supreme Court

14. Most controversial about 1937 Constitution

Reforming Presidential Term

15. Biggest State

Canada

16. Lessen competitiveness

Collaboration

17. A systematic explanation of observation based on the social manifestation

Theory

18. Influence is visible in the dress

Indonesian

19. Superpower, uncle sam, coca-cola all related to?

USA

20. Queen of PH Orchids

Waling waling

FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION :)

OVUM/OVA – female reproductive cell

SPERNATOZOON/SPERMATOZOA – male reproductive cell

SPERM/EGG – contains 23 chromosomes: 40, 000 – 60, 000 genes

IDENTICAL – UNIOVULAR twins: single ovum fertilized by a single sperm

NON-IDENTICAL – biovular/fraternal twins – two ova fertilized by two sperm

HEREDITY – new organism endowed with certain potentials from parents

MATURATION – heredity exerts influence long after birth

PRINCIPLES OF DEVELOPMENT:

PHYLOGENETIC PRINCIPLE – development has orderly sequence

CEPHALOCAUDAL – development from head to foot

PROXIMODISTAL – parts nearest the center develop earlier; ex. brain

ONTOGENETIC PRINCIPLE – development is unique to every individual

STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT:

1. PRE-NATAL – fertilization to time of birth

2. INFANCY (birth-2 years) – foundation age of basic behavior patterns

3. EARLY CHILDHOOD (2-6 years) – pre-gang; exploratory; questioning age

4. LATE CHILDHOOD (6-12 years) – gang age; age of creativity

5. ADOLOESCENCE (13-19) – transition age

6. EARLY ADULTHOOD (19-40) – adjustments to new patterns of life

7. MIDDLE AGE (40-retirement) – adjustments to initial physical and mental decline

8. OLD AGE (retirement-death) – rapid physical and mental decline

THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT:

*PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY (Psycho-sexual) by SIGMUND FREUD

1. ORAL STAGE (birth-2) – mouth center of pleasure

2. ANAL AGE (2-4) – anal region center of pleasure

3. PHALLIC STAGE (4-6) – Phallus: male sex organs (strength and power)

OEDIPUS COMPLEX – to get mother’s attention

ELECTRA COMPLEX – to get father’s attention

4. LATENCY AGE (6-12) – calm stage

5. GENITAL STAGE (12-above) – puberty

*PSYCHO-SOCIAL THEORY by ERIK ERIKSON: 8 Basic Developmental Stages

STAGE 1 (0-18 months) – trust vs. mistrust

STAGE 2 (18m-3 years) – learns to walk; use of hands

STAGE 3 (3-6) – social and physical world

STAGE 4 (6-12) – neighborhood/school

STAGE 5 (12-18) – identity crisis

STAGE 6 (18-24) – age of intimacy

STAGE 7 (24-54) – most productive years of adulthood

STAGE 8 (54-death) – limits of life

*COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT THEORY (intellectual) by JEAN PIAGET

ASSIMILATION – experiences are integrated into existing scheme

ACCOMMODATION – creating new scheme

1. SENSORIMOTOR (birth-2) – learning based on sense perception

a. PRIMARY CIRCULAR REACTION - repeated actions; ex. thumb sucking

b. INTENTIONAL BEHAVIOR – child repeats action; ex. crying to get attention

c. OBJECT PERMANENCE – knowledge of the existence of objects

d. REPRESENTATION – seek solutions thru manipulation of symbols

2. PRE-OPERATION (2-7) – language skills

EGOCENTRIC – centered on self

IRREVERSIBLE – inability to rethink

3. CONCRETE OPERATION (7-11) – elementary school years

CONSERVATION – conceptualize retention and preservation of same quantity

REVERSIBILITY – understand completion of operations in reverse order

4. FORMAL OPERATION (11-16) – high school years; logical reasoning

*THEORY OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT by LAURENCE KOHLBERG

LV 1 – Pre-Conventional Morality: judgment based on external criteria

LV 2 – Conventional Morality: judgment based on group expectations

LV 3 – Post-Conventional Morality: recognize arbitrariness

LEWIS TERMAN – father of modern IQ test

THEORIES OF LEARNING:

1. STIMULUS-RESPONSE or ASSOCIATION THEORY – for every stimulus there is response

CONNECTIONISM by EDWARD LEE THORNDIKE – connection between S-R

a. Law of Readiness – prepared to respond

b. Law of Exercise – constant repetition of response

c. Law of Effect – result in satisfaction

2. THEORY OF CONDITIONING – new ways of reacting to stimuli developed thru attaching new stimuli

CLASSICAL CONDITIONING by IVAN PAVLOV on a dog– conditioning consists of eliciting response

ADHESIVE PRINCIPLE – response attached to every stimulus

EXCITATION – law of acquisition

EXTINCTION – conditioned response no longer elicited

STIMULUS GENERALIZATION – conditional response is also elicited by other stimuli

SPONTANEOUS RECOVERY – conditioned response re-occurs

OPERANT CONDITIONING by BURRHUS FREDERICK SKINNER on a rat – train by reward or punishment

FEEDBACK PRINCIPLE – response maybe reinforced by reward or punishment

3. SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY by RICHARD WALLACE and ALBERT BANDURA experiment of 3 models

COGNITIVE FIELD THEORY – learning as relativistic process

INSIGHT LEARNING – a basic sense of, feeling for relationship; experiment of Kohler on chimpanzee

VECTOR and TOPOLOGICAL THEORY by Kurl Lewin; change; move

INSTRUMENTAL CONCEPTUALISM by JEROME BRUNER – learning is thinking thru conceptualization

MENTAL DISCIPLINE – disciplining the mind

APPERCEPTION – relating new ideas to old ones

SOCIOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION:

SOCIOLOGY – collective behavior of organized human beings

SOCIETY – group of individuals with well defined limits

GREGARIOUSNESS – desire to be with other people

GROUP – unit of interacting personalities

PRIMARY GROUP – intimate relationship among members; ex. family

SECONDARY GROUP – formal and casual relationship; ex. school

IN-GROUP – individual is given sense of belongingness

ETHNOCENTRISM – one’s group is superior over the other

OUT-GROUP – one has a feeling of indifference

PEER GROUP – members of same age

Play group – informality

Gang – has leader

Clique – persons with same interest

REFERENCE GROUP – to which the individual refers

VOLUNTARY ASSOCIATIONS – common decisions

SOCIAL STRATIFICATION – assigning men to respective tasks

SOCIAL MOBILITY – moving from one social stratum to another

SOCIALIZATION – individual acquires social and cultural heritage

VEGETATIVE LEVEL – food; survival

SENTINENT LEVEL – sensual passion or desire

RATIONAL LEVEL – already acquired morality and justice

STATUS – position in a society

ASCRIBED – position assigned without reference; ex. age, race, sex

ACHIEVED – not assigned from birth; ex. one’s profession

ROLE – expected to play in society; sum of culture patterns

SOCIAL DEVIATIONS – failure to play the role expected

INTERNALIZATION – making an attitude; practice one’s automatic unthinking responses

SOCIAL ORDER – way expected to behave in a society

SOCIAL CONTROL – fill expected roles even against will

ANTHROPOLOGICAL FOUNDATION OF EDUCATION:

ANTHROPOLOGY – study of human indifferences

CULTURE – complex whole

NON-MATERIAL CULTURE – beliefs, moral, laws

MATERIAL CULTURE – technologies

CULTURE IS LEARNED – man is not born with culture

ALL PEOPLE HAVE VARIED CULTURE – every society has cultural values

CULTURE IS A GROUP PRODUCT – man cannot develop culture of his own

CULTURE IS TRANSMITTED – culture transmitted thru education

FOLK WAYS – customary ways of behaving; ex. po at opo

CULTURAL RELATIVISM – practices considered immoral or taboo; ex. pre-marital sex

ANIMISM – belief in supernatural spirits

FATALISM – belief in luck, fortune

PAKIKISAMA – yielding to decision of majority

EUPHEMISM – sating unpleasant truth, opinion as pleasantly as possible

GO-BETWEEN – use of third party to exact favor; hiya or amor propio

INDOLENCE – laziness

MANANA HABIT – putting for tomorrow what can be done today

HISTORICAL, PHILOSOPHICAL, AND LEGAL FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION:

EDUCATION – educare: to lead forth

FORMAL EDUCATION – hierarchically structured

NON-FORMAL EDUCATION – refers to any school-based activities

INFORMAL EDUCATION – can be acquired anywhere and anytime

MONASTICISM – education was a religious discipline

SCHOLASTICISM – education was an intellectual discipline

CHIVALRY – education as a social discipline

MARTHIN LUTHER – father of Reformation

JOHN AMOS COMENIUS – Orbis Pictus Sensualism (World of Sensible Things Pictured) 1st use of visual a.

FRANCIS BACON – inductive method of teaching

FRIEDRICH WILHELM AUGUST FROEBEL – kindergarten

RA 10931 – Free Tuition Tertiary

RA 10627 - Bullying

RA 1425 – Rizal

RA 1079 – Civil Service eligibility Permanent

RA 10533 – K-12

RA 10157 – Kindergarten

PD 1006 – Pvet

EO 189 – DepEd, Culture and Arts

DO 1 – use of published textbooks

BP 232 – Blueprint of Education

RA 2706 – Private School Law

EO 27 – human rights in school curricula, textbooks, etc.

BP 232 – Ed Development Decree

DO 25 – Bilingual Ed

MEC 22 – at least 6 units of Fil.

MEC 34 – any who prevents to teach or attend class – disciplinary action

DECS 30 – NEAT

DECS 38 – NSAT

PRC BR 435 – Code of Ethics

RA 4670 – Magna Carta

PD 451 – Sec. of Ed and Culture

MEC 44 – Determining Honor Pupils

DECS 49 – Guidelines on Selection of Honors

RA 5447 – Special Education

CA 578 – Persons in Authority

CA 589 – school ritual

MEC 57 – rights to join organizations and publications

RA 6713 – Code of Ethics

RA 6970 – Daycare

EO 66 – cancellation of class due to calamities

RA 6655 – Free Public Secondary Education

RA 6850 – Granting Civil Service eligibility

RA 7722 – CHED

RA 7079 – Campus Journalism

RA 7323 – employment of poor but deserving students

RA 7731 – National College Entrance Exam

RA 7743 – Public Libraries

RA 7784 – Center of Excellence

RA 7796 – TESDA

RA 7797 – Lengthening of School Calendar

RA 7836 – Teachers Professionalization

RA 7877 – Anti Sexual Harassment

RA 7880 – Fair and Equitable Access to Education

RA 7104 – Filipino Language

RA 7356 – Nat. Commission for Culture and Arts

RA 7687 – DOST

RA 7356 – NCCA

RA 7610 – Child Abuse

CA 80 – Adult Ed

RA 896 – Elem. Ed Act

RA 8047 – Board of Textbooks

RA 8491 – Flag Ceremony

RA 8545 – Government Assistance to Students and Teachers in Private

RA 8525 – Adopt a School

RA 8491 – Flag and Heraldic Code

RA 8370 – Children’s TV Act

RA 8292 – Term Office of Pres. of Universities

RA 8049 – Anti-Hazing

RA 8187 – Paternity Law

RA 8492 – National Museum

RA 8047 – Book Publishing

RA 9163 – National Defense Act; NSTP

RA 9155 – DepEd

PD 907 – grant Civil Service eligibility to all honor

RA 9485 – Anti-Red Tape

APRIL 9 – Araw ng Kagitingan

MAY 1 – Labor Day

MAY 28 – National Flag Day

JUNE 12 – Independence Day

LAST SUNDAY OF AUGUST – National Heroes Day

NOV 30 – Bonifacio Day

DEC 30 –Rizal Day

CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT:

CURRICULUM – group of subjects

ESSENTIALIST – book-centered

PROGRESSIVIST – learner-centered

DIMENSIONS IN CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT:

1. Philosophic - Theological

ESSENTIALISM – value-centered

IDEALISM – preservation of one’s freedom

PRAGMATISM – meaning of ideas lies in its consequences

PROGRESSIVISM –education must be flexible

EXISTENTIALISM – education enables man to make choices in life

RECONSTRUCTIONISM – develop inherent powers of the learner

REALISM – education based on natural phenomena

INDIVIDUAL or ITALIAN HUMANISM – curriculum for individual dev.

SOCIAL or NORTHERN HUMANISM – curriculum for social dev.

DEMOCRATIC ED – JOHN DEWEY – Curriculum for both

SCHEMA- Building blocks of knowledge

Ex: “Natuto na ako sa dahil sa sakit dulot ng pagmamahal. Kaya papahirapan ko muna ang lahat na
manliligaw ko.
ADAPTATION- “Ako aakyat ng ligaw. Wala nayan sa panahon namin tay. Sa simpleng chat pwede na
manligaw.”

Assimilation– Juana pwede manligaw? Juana replied “Huwag ako.. Lolokohin mo lang ako, Lahat ng lalaki
manloloko!!

Accommodation–Akala ko lahat ng lalaki manloloko. Noong nakilala ko si Zyrus nagbago na ang aking
paniniwala na hindi pala lahat ng lalaki manloloko.

EQUILIBRIUM-- Yung hindi ko na gustong magmahal dahil palagi lang akong nasasaktan.

For your reference in Filipino

Iba’t Ibang Panahon ng Panitikang Pilipino (Kasaysayan ng Panitikan sa Pilipinas

Sinaunang Panahon

- May sarili nang panitikan ang ating mga ninuno sa panahong ito

- Alibata ang kadalasang ginagamit

- Gumagamit din sila ng mga biyas ng kawayan , talukap ng bunga o niyog at dahon at balat ng
punungkahoy bilang sulatan at matutulis na bagay naman bilang panulat

- Mga uri ng Panitikang sumibol at sumikat sa sinaunang panahon:

- ALAMAT

- KWENTONG BAYAN

- EPIKO

- a. Bidasari - Moro

- b. Biag ni Lam-ang - Iloko

- c. Maragtas - Bisaya

- d. Haraya - Bisaya

- e. Lagda - Bisaya
- f. Kumintang - Tagalog

- g. Hari sa Bukid - Bisaya

- 4. Mga Awiting Bayan

- 5. Karunungan Bayan

- a. Salawikain - nagsisilbing batas at tuntunin ng kagandahang-asal ng ating mga ninuno.

- hal. Aanhin pa ang damo kung wala na ang kabayo.

- b. Sawikain – mga kasabihang walang natatagong kahulugan

- hal. Nasa Diyos ang awa, nasa tao ang gawa.

- c. Bugtong – maikling tulang karaniwang naglalarawan ng isang bagay na siyang pahuhulaan.

- hal. Isang tabo , laman ay pako. (langka)

Pananakop ng Mga Kastila:

Mga Impluwensya ng Kastila sa ating Panitikan:

1. Nahalinan ng Alpabetong Romano ang Alibata

2. Naituro ang Doctrina Cristiana

3. Naging Bahagi ng Wikang Filipino ang maraming salita sa Kastila

4. Nadala ang ilang akdang pampanitikan ng Europa at tradisyong Europeo na naging bahagi ng ating
panitikan gaya ng awit, corido, moro-moro at iba pa.

5. Nasinop at nasalin ang makalumang panitikan sa Tagalog sa ibang wikain

6. Nailathala ang iba’t ibang aklat pambalarila sa wikang Filipino tulad ng Tagalog, Ilokano at Bisaya

7. Nagkaroon ng makarelihiyong himig ang mga akda

Mga Unang Aklat:

a. Ang Doctrina Cristiana (1593) – Padre Juan de Placencia at Padre Dominga Nieva

b. Nuestra Senora del Rosario (1602) – Padre Blancas de San Jose

c. Ang Barlaan at Josaphat (nobelang Tagalog) – Padre Antonio de Borja

d. Ang Pasyon – iba’t ibang bersyon sa Tagalog (Mariano Pilapil, Gaspar Aquino de Belen, Anecito de la
Merced at Luis de Guia)
e. Ang Urbana at Felisa – Modesto de Castro (Ama ng klasikang tuluyan sa Tagalog)

Mga Akdang Pangwika:

a. Arte Y Reglas de la Lengua Tagala

b. Compendio de la lengua Tagala

c. Vocabulario de la Lengua Tagala

d. Vocabulario de la Lengua Pampango

e. Vocabulario de la Lengua Bisaya

f. Arte de la Lengua Bicolana

g. Arte de la Lengua Iloka

Mga Dulang Panlibangan

1. Tibag 7. duplo

2. Lagaylay 8. kurido

3. Sinakulo 9. saynete

4. Panubong 10. karagatan

5. Karilyo 11. sarswela

6. Moro-moro

Panahon ng Pagbabagong-isip (Propaganda)

- Ang diwang maka-relihiyon ay naging makabayan at humihingi ng pagbabago sa sistema ng

pamamalakad sa pamahalaan at simbahan

- Pagpasok ng diwang liberalismo

Mga Propagandista:

a. Dr. Jose Rizal/ Laong Laan at Dimasalang (“Noli at El Fili)

b. Marcelo H. Del Pilar (Palridel, Piping Dilat at Dolores Manapat) – Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa, Kaiigat
Kayo at Tocsohan

c. Graciano Lopez Jaena (Fray Botod, Sa Mga Pilipino atbp)

d. Antonio Luna (Noche Buena, Por Madrid atbp)

Panahon ng Amerikano

1. Maalab ang diwang makabayan na hindi na magawang igupo ng mga Amerikano

2. Pinasok ng mga manunulat na Pilipino ang iba’t ibang larangan ng panitikan tulad ng tula, kwento,
dula, sanaysay, nobela atbp.

3. Pag-ibig sa bayan at pagnanais ng kalayaan ang tema ng mga isinusulat

4. Namayani sa panahong ito ang mga akda sa wikang Kastila, Tagalog at wikang Ingles

5. Pinatigil ang mga dulang may temang makabayan

6. Sa panahong ito nailathala ang babasahing Liwayway

7. Pinauso rin ang balagtasan katumbas ng debate

8. Nagkaroon/Nagsimula ang pelikula sa Pilipinas

Mga Pahayagan:

1. El Nuevo Dia (Ang Bagong Araw) ni Sergio Osmena (1900)

2. El Grito del Pueblo (Ang Sigaw ng Bayan) itinatag ni Pascual Poblete (1900)

3. El Renacimiento (Muling Pagsilang) – itinatag ni Rafael Palma (1900)

Mga Dulang Pinatigil:

1. Kahapon Ngayon at Bukas – Aurelio Tolentino

2. Tanikalang Ginto – Juan Abad

3. Walang Sugat – Severino Reyes

Ilang kilalang manunulat sa Kastila na sumikat:

1. Cecelio Apostol

2. Fernando Ma. Guerrero

3. Jesus Balmori

4. Manuel Bernabe Manalang

5. Claro M. Recto

Ilang kilalang manunulat sa Wikang Tagalog:

1. Lope K. Santos
2. Jose Corazon de Jesus

3. Florentino Collantes

4. Amado V. Hernadez

5. Valeriano Hernandez Pena

6. Inigo Ed Regalado

PANAHON NG HAPON

1. Natigil ang panitikan sa Ingles kasabay ng pagpatigil ng lahat ng pahayagan

2. Gintong Panahon para sa mga manunulat sa wikang tagalog

3. Ipinagbawal din ng mga Hapon ang paggamit ng wikang Ingles

4. Ang paksa ay natutungkol sa buhay lalawigan

5. Napasara ang mga sinehan at ginawa na lamang tanghalan

6. Nagkaroon ng krisis ng papel kaya hindi masyadong marami ang akdang naisulat

Tatlong Uri ng Tula na sumikat sa panahon ng Hapon

1. Haiku

2. Tanaga

3. Karaniwang Anyo

Ilang Dula na sumikat sa panahon ng Hapon

a. Panday Pira – ni Jose Ma. Hernandez

b. Sa Pula sa Puti --- Francisco Soc. Rodrigo

Famous Literary Works

1. Iliad and Odyssey – Homer

2. Divine Comedy – Dante

3. Road Not Taken – Robert Frost

4. Koran – Muhammad

5. Canterburry Tales – Geofrey Chaucer (Father of English Literature)

6. Annabel Lee – Edgar Allan Poe (Father of Horror Stories)

7. Tom Sawyer – Samuel Clemens a.k.a. Mark Twain

8. The Republic – Plato

9. Analects – Confucius

10. Uncle Tom’s Cabin – Harriet Beecher Stowe

11. Romeo and Juliet – William Shakespeare (Greatest English Writer)

Social Science

Tejeros Convention

Leader: Emilio Aguinaldo

Head of Interior: Andres Bonifacio

Magdiwang: Mariano Alvarez

Magdalo: Baldomero Aguinaldo

Pen Names

1. Marcelo H. del Pilar

a. Plaridel

b. Dolores Manapat

c. Piping Dilat

d. Pupdoh

e. SilingLabuyo

2. Jose Rizal
a. Dimasalang

b. Laong-Laan

3. Antonio Luna

a. Taga-ilog

4. Juan Luna

a. Buan

b. JB

5. Emilio Jacinto

a. Dimasilaw

6. ApolinarioMabini

a. Bini

b. Paralitico

7. Emilio Aguinaldo

a. Magdalo

8. Andres Bonifacio

a. AgapitoBagumbayan

b. May Pag-asa

9. Mariano Ponce

a. Tikbalang
b. Kalipulako

c. Naning

10. Valeriano Pena

a. KintingKulirat

11. Jose Maria Panganiban

a. JoMaPa

12. Jose dela Cruz

a. HusengSisiw

13. Jose Corazon de Jesus

a. HusengBatute

14. Apolinariodela Cruz

a. Hermanong Pule

15. Severino Reyes

a. Lola Basyang

16. Nick Joaquin

a. Quijano de Manila

17. Nestor Vicente Madale Gonzales

a. N.V.M.

170 GENED BOOSTER SALIENT POINTS

1. Black sheep --- Metaphor

2. Love sonnets -- Ophelia Dimalanta

3.Tatlong tuldok na sunod sunod -- Ellipses

4. Phantom of Delight -- Metaphor

5. Tinkle, tinkle, tinke -- Onomatopoeia

6. Naghihiwalay sa mga salita -- Kuwit

7.Pangatnig na nagbubukod -- Pamukod

8. Largest desert -- Sahara

9. First religious missionary in the Philippines -- Augustinians

10 Founder of La Solidaridad/Greatest Orator -- Graciano Lopez-Jaena

11. Ang paksa ay ibinibigay bago magsimula ang talumpati -- Impromptu

12. Term of Marcelo H. del Pilar to friars -- Frailocracia

13.Arena theater proponent -- Severino Montano

14. Released by plants at night -- Carbon dioxide

15. Sala theater proponent -- Naty Crame Rogers

16. Shape of a brick - Rectangle

17. Protein shell of a virus -- Capsid

18. Hair-like structure -- Cilia

19. Author of Annabel Lee -- Edgar Allan Poe

20. Novels in letters -- Epistolary

21. Birthplace of Rizal -- Calamba, Laguna

22. Real name of Mark Twain -- Samuel (Langhorne) Clemens

23. Writ of Amparo -- Right to life, liberty, and security

24. Writ of Habeas Corpus -- Demand presence of the accused

25. Penicillin discoverer -- Alexander Fleming

26. Author of Doctrina Christiana -- Fray Juan de Plasencia

27. Light travels fastest -- Air

28. Protons of Silicon -- 14

29. Funji -- Yeast

30. Law of Bicameralism -- Jones Law

31. Pagbabagong anyo ng bayan -- Reduccion

32. Permutation 9P9 -- 362,880

33. Absolute mean -- 14.35/14.5

34. Agreement between Legazpi and Datu Sikatuna) -- Blood Compact (Sandugo

35. Hierarchy of Needs proponent -- Maslow

36. Oldest religion in Asia – Hinduism

37. Enrolled bills becomes a law - 90 days

38. "Lapse" -30 days

39. SONNET – Lyric poem consists of 14 lines

40. HAIKU – Japanese poem about nature. 5, 7, 5 (3 lines and 17 syllables)

41. TANKA – Japanese poem: 5 lines, 31 syllables

42. BLACK VERSE – with meter but no rhyme

43. DRAMATIC MONOLOGUE – written in form of speech for individual character.

44.ELEGY – death of individual

45. EPIC – tells a story about heroic figure

46. EULOGY – message for the dead

47. FREE VERSE (vers libre) – without meter but with rhyme

48. IDYLL (Idyl) – peaceful, idealized country scene LYRICS - thoughts and feelings
49. NARRATIVE – tells story

50. ODE -typically serious/meditative nature, type of Lyric

51. PASTORAL –rural life in peaceful & romanticized way

52. AIMS OF ERAS PRE-SPANISH – survival and conformity

53. SPANISH – Christianity/Religion

54. AMERICAN – democratic ideals and way of life

55. COMMONWEALTH – moral character, efficiency

56 .JAPANESE – progress

57. Discover penicillin - Alexander Fleming

58. Bahalana – Ambivalent

59. Tobacco monopoly- Jose Basco/Blanco

60. Spanish surname- Gen. Narciso Claveria

61. Anticoagulation – Leech

62. Arctic ocean – Walrus

63. Bus/truck – 100

64. Toyota/Camry-50

65. Nahulog/nalaglag- magkapareha

66. Nelson Madela imprisonment- Forgiving

67. heroes/brothers worth - emulating

68. Half of 3/7 and 4/7 - 1/2

69. dice divisible by 2 – 1/2

70. rectangular books 5mx10mx15m – on the 10m by 15m side

71. haiku - 575

72. tanaga -7777

73. tangka - 57577

74. Tree releases carbon dioxide during? ~ evening

75. Town criers~~~umalohokan

76. Meaning of TOS ~~~table of Specifications

77. Sage on stage ~~dispenser of knowledge

78. Sa TLE lumabas ang Ohms Law sa electricity.

79. Sa plumbing naman-Which pipe is used through which rainwater passes from the root down to the
ground. Answer po is DOWNSPOUT

80. Negative effect of extended family~ FAVORITISM.

81. Bicameralism~~ Jones Law

82. Ang _____ay ang bantas na ginagamit sa pagitan ng panlaping IKA at Tambilang~~~GITLING

83. "She is a lovely rose" is an example of~~metaphor

84. Had I studied very well, I ___________ rewarded with vacation in the US~~would have been

85. "She is a lovely rose" is an example of~~metaphor

86. Had I studied very well, I ___________ rewarded with vacation in the US~~would have been
87. ___________ is an example of a non pathogenic microorganism~~ Probiotics as bifidobacterium

88.First labor union in the Philippines~~~Union Obrera Demokratika

89.The only remnant after world war II~~Philippine Independent Church

1. Fr. Pedro Pelaez- Secularization Movement.

2. Limited- Mother Financial Problem.

3. Polka- NOT a folk dance from Mexico.

4. Bodabil- A play NOT from the Spanish Era.

5. Acta de Tejeros- Rejected Aguinaldo as President.

6. Folklore- The Philosophy of oir folks during Pre-hispanic Era.

7. Katalinuhan- Basal o Di-Koncreto.

8. Spanish Surnames- by Narciso Claveria.

9. Leeches: Anticoagulation
10. Segmented: Worm

11. Teaching is like... Simile is not in the choices but METAPHOR* is there.

12. Rebirth- Rennaisance

13. Bitterness- Rancor

14. Oxygen- Waste product of photosynthesis.

15. Tissue- Group of cells.

16. Spencer- Survival of the Fittest.

17. Pagsang-ayon- Kasalungat ng pagtugol.

18. In Vitro Fertilization - Test tube babies.

19. Kuwit- Paghihiwalay ng mga sunod-sunod na pangungusap.

20. Pangungusap- Salita o grupo ng mga salit

21. P3,200- Manufactured bed P4,000 less 20%.

22. 20 Times - How many times digit 7 appears between 1-100.

23. Lupang Hinirang- Pamagat ng Nat'l Anthem ng Pilipinas.

24. Balagtasan- Uri ng pagtatanghal na binubuo ng paligsahan ng dalawang makata.

25. Elements*

26. Oxygen- These are compounds EXCEPT.

27. K-III - Anong grade tinuturo ang mother tongue.

28. Chat room-Science Subject.

29. Learning is an active process - What is violated when Teacher Ivon just lectures while students listen.

30. Pancreas- Organ who secretes insulin.

31. Multi-grade class- Combining 2-3 grade level

32. K-12- Kindergarten is compulsory before proceed to grade 1.

33. 45,46- Consecutive number whose sum is 91.

34. Developmental Portfolio- Penmanship skills of the students in the biggining, middle, and after the
school year.
35. Persiflage- Praise glowingly.

36. Indefatigable- Tireless.

37. Working- The father finally found the time to rest after_____the whole day.

38. Irrelevant- Impertinent

39. I, II ( I-trial and error, II-stimulus response) - Behaviorism anchored with the theories related to.

40. 5x3x2x2x2- Prime factor of 120.

41. I, II, III ( I-Participative Learning, II- Constructive planning, III- innovative Planning) - Formulation of
teachers professional development plan.

42. Diksyunaryo- Kahulugan ng mga salita.

43. Routine*

44. Operant Conditioning- Skinner

45. Authentic Assessment- Real-life.

46- Developmental Portfolio- Display the drawings of the childrens.

47. Below 75- Did not meet expectation.

48. Pagkatakot- Gabi na ngunit bakit wala pa siya.

49. Brigada Eskwela- Bayanihan in School.

50. Drive- MotivationMarch 2018

51. Pre-conventional( Mutual Benefit) - reward, star, stamp.

52. Post-conventional(Common Good) - A taxi driver returned the baggage left by the passenger.

53. Blood Compact- Legazpi and Rajah Sikatuna in Bohol.

54. Sounds- Phonology

55. Socialization- Participafing and functioning members of the society by figting into organize way of
living.

56. Drawing- Visual/Spatial.

57. Heirarchy of Biology Taxonomy - Has 8 levels.

58. Spiral Curriculum- K-12

59. Essentialism- Basic/Essential.

60. "Ganyan lang talaga"- Teacher Mediocrity.

61. Punishment- A quiz NOT as.

62. Should match with the objectives- Criterion reference.

63. Professional Licensed- Signed by the PRC.

64. CPU - brain of the computer.

65. Sa kanyang ama (Padre Damaso) - Saan namana ni Maria Clara ang kanyang pagka mestiza.

66. Resource Provider- Role of the teachers play when they help their colleagues by sharing instructional
resources.

67. Deductive- From Generalization to Specific.

68. Motivation- Part of lesson developme t is concerned with mood setting.

69. Field Trip - Stimulate more senses.

70. Visual Imagery- Graphic Organizer.

71. Tax reform for Acceleration and INclusion-TRAIN Law means....

72. Archipelago - Philippines is an...

73. Has - Population in the Philippines_____increase tremendously.

74. Conservation- about Mother Earth.

75. Stress the positive aspects of culture- IP ( Indigenous People)

76. Spreadsheet - Performs computation.

77. Biosphere - Air, Water, and Land.

78. Philippine Qualifications Framework- What does PQF means.

79. Reforestation - Solution due to increasing global warming.

80. Long and Dictated - NOT characteristics in giving assignments.

81. Bread Provider- NOT the role of a Mother during Pre-Hispanic Era.

82. 45 units - CPD units need for teachers to renew the license BEFORE

NOW 15 units only (March, 2019)

MGA URI NG PANITIKAN

1. TULUYAN – binubuo ng mga pangungusap

A. NOBELA – binubuo ng mga kabanata

B. DULA – pagtatanghal sa entablado

MGA DULANG PANLIBANGAN:

a. TIBAG – Sta. Elena

b. LAGAY – Pilarenos ng Sorsogon

c. PANUNULUYAN – pagtatanghal bago mag-alas dose (12PM) ng gabi ng kapaskuhan

d. PANUBOL – parangal sa may kaarawan

e. KARILYO – ala-puppet show

f. KURIDO – katapangan, kabayanihan, kababalaghan, pananampalataya

g. SARSUELA – musical tungkol sa pag-ibig, paghihiganti atbp. masisidhing damdamin

C. ALAMAT – pinagmulan

D. ANEKDOTA – ugali, may mabuting aral

2. PATULA - may sukat,pantig,tugma,taludtod,saknong

A. TULANG PASALAYSAY - mahahalagang tago o pangyayari sa buhay.

a. EPIKO – kabayanihan sa kababalaghan

o BIDASARI, PARANG SABIR – Moro

o BIAG NI LAM ANG – Iloko

o MARAGTAS, HARAYA, LAGDA AT HARI SA BUKID – Bisaya

o KUMINTANG – Tagalog

o DAGOY AT SUDSUD – Tagbanua

o TATUANG - Bagobo

b. AWIT o KORIDO - kaharian

c. TULA NG DAMDAMIN o LIRIKI – own feeling

MGA TULANG LIRIKO:

o AWITING BAYAN – kalungkutan

o ELEHIYA – yumao

o DALIT – pagpupuri sa Diyos

o PASTORAL – buhay sa bukid

o ODA – papuri

B. TULANG DULA O PANGTANGHALAN

a. KOMEDYA

b. MELODRAMA – musical

c. TRAHEDYA – death of main character

d. PARSA – mga pangyayaring nakakatawa

e. SAYNETE - karaniwang pag-uugali ng tao/ pook

C. TULANG PATNIGAN

a. KARAGATAN – alamat ng singsing ng prinsesa na naihulog niya sa dagat sa hangaring mapangasawa

ang kasintahang mahirap.

b. DUPLO – paligsahan ng husay sa pagtula

c. BALAGTASAN – pumalit sa Dupl

🔎Philosophy in Education🔍

1. Essentialism - Teach Basic

2. Existentialism - Learning is learners choice

3. Perrenialism - Unchanging curriculum.

4. Progressivism - Change or progress

5. Pragmatism - Learning by doing.

6. Idealism - Ideal and value focus

7. Realism - Realistic

Theories in Education

1. Classical Conditioning - Ivan Pavlov (Dog, Food, Bell) Automatic Response.

2. Operant Conditioning - B.F Skinner (Rat) Reinforcement increases response and Punishment limits
actions.

3. Social Learning Theory - Albert Bandura (Bobo doll) Children learn through modeling.

* Observation

*Imitation

*.? (I forgot to see in comment box later) or

* Attention

* Retention

* Reproduction/Recreation

* Motivation

4. Connectionism - Edward Thorndike

*Law of Exercise (Drills)

*Law of Readiness

*Law of Effect

5. Constructivism - Lev Vygotsky (Schema or Prior knowledge)

Teacher as the most knowledgable other that helps in guiding learning using scaffolding to acquire ZONE
OF PROXIMAL DEVELOPMENT.
Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - Humanistic approach

1. Physiological Needs (food, water)

2. Safety and Security

3. Love and Belongingness.

4. Self Esteem

5. Self Actualization

Ecological System of the Learning - (I forgot the proponent please see at the comment box)

1. Microsystem - Direct

2. Mesosystem

3. Exosystem

4. Macrosystem

5. Chronological System

Utilitarianism - Good for all

Hedonism - Pleasure

Type of Parents

1. Uninvolved/Neglecting - No rule no care

2. Permissive - no rule with care

3. Authoritarian - With rule no care.

4. Authoritative - With rule and care

PHILIPPINE QUALIFICATIONS FOR PROFESSIONALS

1. NC1

2. NC2

3. NC3

4. NC4

5. Diploma

6. Bachelor

7. Masteral

8. Post - Doctoral

Domain of PSST

1. Content Knowledge and Pedagogies

2. (I forgot)

3. Diversity of Learners

4. Curriculum and planning

5. Assessment and Reporting

6. Community linkages and (I forgot)

7. Personal Growth and Professional Development.

*Board of Professional Teachers - Must be a natural-born Filipino, A licensed teacher, with master or
not. A member of APO must be 35 years old and above with a continuous 10 years of service.

*Qualification for LET - Natural born of Naturalized citizens of Philippines, must be a bachelor's in
education. Other bachelors are allowed but must take 18 units of teaching content. Diploma and
associates are not allowed to take the board exam.

* Special Permit for Teaching - given to the skilled or expert person. He is internationally recognized.
Assessment of learning - after Learning

Assessment for Learning - before learning

Assessment as Learning - Self-assessment

Type of test

1. Diagnostic (Strenght and Weaknesses)

2. Formative

3. Periodical

4. Summative

*Validity - Measures what it tends to measure and always reliable.

*Reliability - The consistency of the test but not always valid.

Measure of Central Tendency

1. Mean

2. Median

3. Mode

*unimodal

*Bimodal

*Multimodal

*Nomode

Measure of Variability

1. Range

2. Standard Deviation
3. Variance

* Positive Skewed - Skewed to the right Low scores

* Negative Skewed - Skewed to the left High Score

Difficulty Index

1 - Very Easy - Reject

0.80 - Easy - Revise

0.60 - Moderate - Retain

0.40 - Hard - Revise

0.20 - Very Hard - Reject

Discrimination Index

Upper High - Lower Low = Positive

Lower High - Upper low = Negative = Reject

CHILD AND ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT

1. Rennie Boy always waits at his neighbor Renz every morning. He enjoys seeing him while biking and
imitates the actions of Gerald while he rides his own bike. Who is the proponent of Social Learning
Theory which applies in the situation?

A. Bandura C. Bruner

B. Kohlberg D. Skinner
RATIONALIZATION: A- Albert Bandura developed the Social Learning Theory and advocated that
“children learn from what they see in the environment.”

2. A child submitted a poor written report but packaged with brightly colored paper. This
showcases_______.

A. Art over academics C. art over science

B. Substance over “porma” D. “porma” over substance

RATIONALIZATION: D- When a student focuses more on designs and embellishments rather than of
content of a report, then it shows “porma” over substance.

3. With the use of mnemonics, the students are able to _____information.

A. Analyze C. understand

B. Apply D. remember

RATIONALIZATION: D-mnemonics like “My Dear Aunt Sally” to mean multiplication, division, addition
and subtraction help students remember information easily

4. According to Krathwohls’ affective domain of objectives,________ is the lowest level of affective

behavior.

A. Valuing C. responding
B. Organization D. characterization

RATIONALIZATION: C-the arrangement of Krathwohls’ affective domain is responding, valuing,

organization and characterization.

5. A boy is closer to his mother and a girl is close to her father. These instances are under_.

A. Oedipal complex C. phallic stage

B. Latent stage D. Pre-genital stage

RATIONALIZATION: C-when a boy is closer to the mother (Oedipus complex) and a girl is closer to her
father (Electra complex), these instances are under Freud’s phallic stage in the Psychosexual
Development Theory.

SOCIAL DIMENSIONS OF EDUCATION

1. Teacher Abi asks one of her students, “What do you want to become when you grow up?” This
question is an indication of what kind of philosophy?

A. Progressivism C. Existentialism

B. Naturalism D. Idealism

RATIONALIZATION: D-idealism because it stresses the existence of ideas independent from the material
world. Ideas that which exist in the mind are the only reality.
2. Teacher Jessy has not only explained the concept of Philosophy of Education but also imparted this to
her students. This demonstrates what kind of philosophy?

A. Naturalism C. Realism

B. Idealism D. Perennialism

RATIONALIZATION: C-realism concerns with what is real, actual. For ideas to be realized, they must be
transferred or demonstrated.

3. Which pillar of learning aimed in the acquisition of the instrument of understanding in order to
develop the students’ learn-to-learn skills?

A. Learning to do C. learning to live together

B. Learning to know D. learning to be

RATIONALIZATION: B- learning to know implies learning how to earn by developing one’s concentration,
memory skills and ability to think, acquiring the instrument of understanding.

4. In his class, Teacher Jakob always presents principles and values so as to encourage his students to
examine them and decide for themselves whether to accept them or not. What kind of philosophy does
he practice?

A. Idealism C. Humanism

B. Essentialism D. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION: D-Existentialism is a philosophy that emphasizes subjectivity, freedom and
responsibility.

5. When a teacher emphasizes that man’s sense should be trusted because they are the only way to
acquire knowledge, the teacher can be regarded as____.

A. Naturalist C. Empiricist

B. Realist D. Pragmatist

RATIONALIZATION: C-empiricism upholds that the only source of knowledge is the senses and sense-
based experience.

PRINCIPLES AND STRATEGIES OF TEACHING

1. The school conducted a general student election for the Supreme Student Council. The election is
patterned after the COMELEC system. The school is using what kind of technique?

A. Symposium C. Panel discussion

B. Simulation D. Dramatization

RATIONALIZATION: B-simulation is an activity that simulates “almost real-life situation”. Other

applications of simulation are the following: simulated flight for aviation students, assigning student to
be the mayor of the day.

2. During problem solving method, the teacher’s primary role is:

A. Director C. lecturer

B. Clarifier D. judge

RATIONALIZATION: B-during problem solving activities, the teacher acts as a clarifier especially when
students are in doubt how to go about the problem.

3. Which among the following devices can be a scaled replica of a certain object?

A. Mock ups C. globes

B. Models D. maps

RATIONALIZATION: B- models like Heart Models are scaled replicas.

4. Which of the following would be the best choice if a teacher would like to focus on attitudinal
change?

A. Dramatization C. role play

B. Field study D. simulation

RATIONALIZATION: C-role playing allows the child to shows his own personal emotions and therefore is
a good option when focusing on attitudinal change.

5. This method relies heavily upon showing the learners a model performance.
A. Activity C. reporting

B. Demonstration D. field study

RATIONALIZATION: B- demonstration includes Teacher-Directed Demo, Student-Directed Demo,

Teacher-Student Directed Demo and Resource Person-Directed Demo

.#GenEd Reviewer

100 Items with Answer Key

Join our groupchat for REVIEW 2020, PM me

1. “Of man’s first disobedience and the fruit/of that forbidden tree” is the opening to:

a. Paradise Lost by John Milton

b. The Vision of Delight by Ben Jonson

c. The Fairie Quenne by Edmund Spenser

d. The Pilgrim’s Progress by John Bunyan

2. The Picture of Dorian Gray is a novel by whose author?

a. Oscar Wilde c. John 2

b. Edgar Allan Poe d. Rudyard Kipling

3. Who was the captain of the Nautilus in “20 000 Leagues Under the Sea”?

a. Nemo c. Ahab

b. Boneville d. Smith

4. What canon of religious literature was finally, firmly fixed at the end of 4th century AD?

a. The Hebrew Bible c. The New Testament

b. The Mishnah d. The Koran

5. Who wrote the novel “The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde”?

a. William Golding c. D.H. Lawrence

b. Robert Louis Stevenson d. Herman Hesse

6. “No smoking during the cigarette break.” What kind of figure of speech was used?

a. Irony c. asyndeton
b. Oxymoron d. synecdoche

7. The Greek dramatist authored “Alcestis” and “Andromache.”

a. Homer c. Virgil

b. Euripides d. Sophocles

8. In the 23rd century BC, Sargon of Akkad conquered Mesopotamia, and became the subject of legends.
It is from a Sumerian legend that we learn how Sargon established himself as the cupbearer of the king
of Kish in Sumer. What early form of writing did the Sumerians invent?

a. Cuneiform

b. Hieroglyphics

c. Oracle Bone Inscriptions

d. Native Signs

9. “Memory” is the standard song of Cats musical by Andrew Lloyd Weber. He based his play on Old
Possum’s Book of Practical Cats by whose author?

a. Emily Dickinson

b. John Steinbeck
c. Thomas Stearns Elliot Lowell

d. James Rusell

10. Which of the following is an incorrect representation of the Scarlet Letter throughout the course of
the novel?

a. Able c. Angel

b. Avowal d. Adulteress

11. This one is made from ersatz coloring. ERZATS means:

a. Genuine c. Artificial

b. Authentic d. Real

12. Spot the correct word to complete the analogy. Donkey & Horse: Mule::Lion & Tiger:

a. Panther c. Thrag

b. Leopard d. Liger

13. Which is NOT synonym for ‘sleepy’?

a. Soporific c. Hyperbolic

b. Somnolent d. Lethargic

14. Guest house rooms must be _________ by noon.

a. Vacated c. Abandoned

b. Evacuated d. Left

15. Which is NOT synonym for ‘gathering’?

a. Contesseration c. Collocation

b. Conjuration d. Colligation

16. Complete the analogy. Obese: Fat: Polydactyl:

a. Wives/husbands c. Arms/legs

b. Fingers/toes d. Brothers/sisters

17. The President is a loquacious speaker. LOQUACIOUS means:

a. Reserved c. Taciturn
b. Reticent d. Verbose

18. Which word is defined by: A great fire, as of many buildings, a forest, or the like?

a. Consanguineous c. Blizzard

b. Conflagration d. Chaos

19. You eat like a horse when ________________________________.

a. Get used to something new

b. Drink large quantities of alcohol

c. Have a healthy appetite

d. Run fast

20. Unless we find a witness to corroborate your evidence, it will not stand courts. CORROBORATE
means:

a. Negate c. Collaborate

b. Confirm d. Interpret
21. Which word sound different?

a. Fret c. Sweat

b. Depth d. Treat

22. “Cat” is written in phonemic IPA transcription as:

a. /kæt/ c. /kait/

b. /kot/ d. /k^t/

23. The IPA transcription “/dz^mt/” means:

a. Waited c. Kissed

b. Jumped d. Wished

24. Which of the following job has the stress on the first syllable?

a. Photographer c. Biologist

b. Psychiatrist d. Secretary

25. Which word has a different vowel sound?

a. Melt c. Breathe

b. Wealth d. Health

26. Which of the following words DOES NOT contain (voiceless th)?

a. Teeth c. Health

b. Mouth d. Breathe

27. Which word DOES NOT rhyme with the others?

a. Sew c. Due

b. Through d. Do

28. Which of these capitalized words do NOT rhyme?

a. I know it CLEAR.

b. That’s not easy to BEAR.

c. It shows, it’s a SHEER truth.

d. Let’s give a CHEER.

29. Which of the following does NOT belong?

a. Worked c. Walled

b. Watched d. Walked

30. The movie was ________ the book.

a. as c. good as

b. as good as d. as good

31. Which of the following sentences is punctuated correctly?

a. He worked all night; therefore, he was able to finish the report in time.

b. He worked all night, therefore, he was able to finish the report in time.

c. He worked all night therefore he was able to finish the report in time.

d. He worked all night, therefore he was able to finish the report in time.

32. Select the sentence with the most appropriate order of adverbs and adverbial phrases.
a. Ramonita prays at St. Matthew’s Church fervently for her grandmother’s recovery.

b. Ramonita prays fervently at St. Matthew’s Church for her grandmother’s recovery.

c. Ramonita prays fervently for her grandmother’s recovery at St. Matthew’s Church.

d. Any one of the choices is fine.

33. Select the sentence with the most appropriate order of modifiers.

a. My father was in Cebu born in the backroom of a bakery.

b. My father was born in Cebu in the bakery of a backroom.

c. My father was born in the backroom in a bakery of Cebu.

d. My father was born in the backroom of a bakery in Cebu.

34. Homophones are:

a. Two or more words that share the same meaning but have different pronunciations

b. Two or more words that share the same pronunciation but have different spellings
c. Two or more words that share the same pronunciation but have different meanings

d. Two or more words that share the same spelling but have different meanings

35. If the world on January 1, 2010 _______________, some people wouldn’t have been surprised.

a. was ending c. had ended

b. ended d. have ended

36. I’ll _____________ their cat while they are away in holiday.

a. be looking over c. be looking into

b. be looking at d. be looking after

37. Which of the following sentences is preferable?

a. The project lasted only three months.

b. The project lasted three months only.

c. The only project lasted three months.

d. The project only lasted three months.

38. The PAGASA officials often talk about ____________ because it’s so changeable.

a. some c. the weather

b. a weather d. some weather

39. Martha is one of the few people who ______ how to operate the equipment.

a. known c. know

b. knows d. knew

40. Madonna’s agent __________ change her name at the start of her career.

a. made her to c. made her

b. made d. have made her to

41. Researchers suggest that there are creatures that do not know what light means at the bottom of
the sea. They don’t have either eyes or ears; they can only feel. There is no day or night for them. There
are no winters, no summers, no sun, no moon, and no stars. It is as if a child spent its life in darkness in
bed, with nothing to see or hear. How different our own life is! Sight shows us the ground beneath our
feet and the heavens above us – the sun, the moon, and stars, shooting stars, lightning, and the sunset.
It shows us day and night. We are able to hear voices, the sound of the sea, and music. We feel, we
taste, we smell. How fortunate we are! Judging from this passage, we can say that this story is mainly
about ______________________.
a. How changes in the seasons are perceived by the deep-sea creatures

b. The superiority of human beings over some creatures in terms of senses

c. Life of sea creatures at the bottom of the sea

d. The differences among creatures of the earth and those of the sea

42. (Refer to no. 41) we discover that the sea creatures in the story _______________.

a. Live in darkness because no light reaches to the bottom

b. Hear the sounds of the ocean

c. Do not hear the sound of sea as they are accustomed to it

d. Have no sense of hearing as well as sight do not hear the sound of sea as they are accustomed to it

43. (Refer to no. 41) In the passage a child in darkness is likened to _______________.

a. A deaf child unaffected by the environment

b. A sea creature with no seeing or hearing ability

c. A perfect sleeper, for there is no sound around to hear

d. Someone who lives where there are no reasons

44. Any criminal justice system is an apparatus that society uses to enforce the standards of conduct
necessary to protect individuals and the community. It operates by apprehending, prosecuting,
convicting, sentencing these members of the community who violate the basic rules of group existence.
The action taken against law breakers is designed to serve three purposes beyond the immediately
punitive one. It removes dangerous people from the community; it deters others from criminal behavior
and it gives society an opportunity to attempt to transform lawbreakers into law -abiding citizens. We
understand from the passage that the basic aim of criminal justice is ___________________.

a. Educate lawbreakers

b. To define socially accepted behavior

c. To renew, as necessary, the traditions and customs of society

d. The protection of society and its individuals

45. (Refer to no. 45) According to the passage, prosecution is ________________.

a. Actually the removal of lawbreakers from the community

b. Not to be considered the vital part of the criminal justice system

c. One of the stages in the operation of criminal justice

d. Considered with the transformation of criminal justice

46. (Refer to no. 45) It is pointed out in the passage that one of the effects of the criminal justice system
is to _________________.

a. Investigate the reasons behind criminal behavior

b. Take immediate action against the community

c. Prevent the enforcement of capital punishment

d. Give guidelines for group existence

47. The poetic expressiveness and creativity of Japanese women poets of the Manyoshu era is generally
regarded as a manifestation of the freedom and relatively high political and economic status women of
that era enjoyed. During the Heian Period (A.D. 794 – 1185) which followed, Japanese women became
increasingly relegated to domestic roles under the influence of Buddhism and Confucianism, which
excluded women from the political and economic arenas. Yet, since poetry of the period came to be
defined solely as short lyrical poetry, known as waka, and became the prevailing means of expressing
love, women continued to excel in and play a central role in the development of classical Japanese
poetry. Moreover, while official Japanese documents were written in Chinese, the phonetic alphabet
kana was used for poetry. Also referred to as onnamoji (women’s letter), kana was not deemed
sufficiently sophisticated for use by Japanese men, who continued to write Chinese poetry, increasingly
for expressing religious ideas and as an intellectual pastime. Chinese poetry ultimately yielded, then, to
waka as the mainstream of Japanese poetry. Based on the passage, mainstream Japanese poetry of the
Heian period can best be described as ___________________.

a. More refined than the poetry of the Manyoshu era

b. Sentimental in nature and lyrical in style

c. Written primarily for a female audience

d. An outgrowth of Buddhism and Confucianism

48. (Refer to no. 47) which of the following statements about kana finds the LEAST support in the
passage?

a. It was used in Japan after A.D. 793

b. It was considered inappropriate for austere subject matter

c. It was used primarily by Japanese women

d. It was for Japanese poetry but not for Japanese prose

49. (refer to no. 47) The author’s primary purpose in the passage is to ______________.

a. Trace the influence of religion on the development of Japanese poetry

b. Refute a common explanation for the role of women in the development of Japanese poetry

c. Provide an explanation for the role of women in the development of Japanese poetry

d. Identify the reasons for the popularity of a distinct form of literary expression in Japan

50. The song “No Man is an Island” mirrors:

a. Individualization c. Independence

b. Solitude d. Brotherhood

51. “Have a good bank account, a good cook, and a good digestion”, Rousseau is pertaining to:

a. Security c. Duty

b. Family d. investment

52. In the “Fall of the House of Usher” what is the name of the woman who is entomed alive?

a. Natalia Doggis c. Lady Madeline

b. Arwen d. Mary Usher

53. On the street of this position of God’s world I feel neighbor to a rat, so brother of a worm; forever
chasing rainbows at muddy margins.” This line on Quemada’s poem is saying that:

a. Life is fruitful

b. Life is not worth living

c. Life is empty and meaningless

d. Life is full of challenges

54. “Life is but a walking shadow, a pun player that struts and frets… And is heard no more.” In this line,
life is portrayed as:

a. Passing c. Eternal

b. Goes by stages d. Has its end

55. Read the passage below: Life, so they say is just a game and they let it slip away doesn’t let life slip
away Grasp it while you can we may never pass this way again. The passage implicates that:

a. Grab the opportunity if it comes

b. There is still a second life

c. In the second, life will be gone

d. We will all die

56. In which country does the story “The Pied Piper of Hamelin” take place?

a. France c. Germany

b. England d. Russia

57. “Nothing that happen in this world ever happens by chance; it is all part of a grand design.” This line
is about a person’s _________________.
a. Dream c. Luck

b. Destiny d. Ambition

58. A light dramatic composition that uses highly improbable situations, stereotyped characters,
extravagant exaggeration, and violent horseplay.

a. Comedy c. Satire

b. Farce d. Parody

59. Into how many languages has “The Diary of Anne Frank” been translated?

a. 53 c. 55

b. 54 d. 56

60. Three of these books are written by the same person. Which one is NOT?

a. “The Fountainhead” c. “Animal Farm”

b. “We the Living” d. “Atlas Shrugged

61. Which of the following sixteenth -century works of English literature was translated into the English
language after its first publication in Latin?
a. Christopher Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus

b. William Shakespeare’s King Lear

c. Thomas More’s Utopia

d. William Shakespeare’s Sonnets

62. Who was the author of the famous storybook ‘Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland’?

a. Rudyard Kipling c. Lewis Caroll

b. John Keats d. H.G. Wells

63. Who was the 1st century BC poet and author of “The Aeneid” serves as a guide in Dante’s “Inferno”?

a. Homer c. David

b. Virgil d. Rumi

64. Which playwright introduced blank verse to the stage with “Tamburlaine”?

a. Christopher Marlowe c. William Shakespeare

b. Ben Johnson d. Sir Thomas Malory

65. Read the following lines: Midnight, not a sound from the pavement. Has the moon lost its memory
She is smiling alone In the lamp light the withered leaves Collect at my feet And the wind begins to
moan. This line mean:

a. Confusion c. Loneliness

b. Optimism d. Eagerness

66. Rizal gave the time of his death in this quotation: “I die when the dawn breaks to herald the day.”
What is the time of his death?

a. Sometime sunset c. Sometime in midnight

b. Sometime at dawn d. Sometime at noon

67. This line is taken from one of the psalms in the Bible: “The Lord is my shepherd: I shall not want…”
This line shows:

a. Poverty

b. Blind ignorance

c. Total submission to God

d. Love to self
68. Which among the lines below has the same meaning as this statement: “Our commitments can
develop us or destroy us, but either way, they will define us.”

a. Flexible commitment is what we need today.

b. We must make full commitment to wordly goals.

c. Our lives are shaped by what we are committed to.

d. Our commitments need not to be planned way ahead.

69. The space shuttle is as fast as the wind. This is an example of:

a. Simile c. Personification

b. Metaphor d. Antithesis

70. Which Russian novelist wrote “Anna Karenina” and “War and Peace”?

a. Leo Tolstoy c. Vladimir Nabokov

b. Vladimir Mayakovsky d. Isaac Babel

71. Analyze the given passage by Anatole France: “Fish, which are put upon dry land, die, in the same
way, monks who leave their cells and mix with the world deviate from their holy purpose.” This passage
means:
a. A man should stay only in his habitat.

b. Death means living another life.

c. Monks living out of the monastery violate their holiness.

d. Monks must always stay inside the monastery.

72. The following taboo phrases were used by which writer? “I fart at thee”, “shit on your head”, “dirty
bastard”

a. Ben Johnson c. Ernest Hemmingway

b. William Shakespeare d. Henry James

73. Which abbreviation is a regular acronym?

a. enthuse c. econ (as in economics)

b. polysc d. AIDS

74. You have two business partners. You make reference to one of them, Mark Louie Argosino, in an e-
mail to an associate. Which of the following sentences is correctly punctuated?

a. My partner Mark Louie likes to read political biographies.

b. My partner, Mark Louie, likes to read political biographies.

c. My partner, Mark Louie; likes to read political biographies.

d. My partner; Mark Louie, likes to read political biographies.

75. Which among these words has the [id] end sound?

a. mailed c. praised

b. judged d. needed

76. Which among these words has the [sh] sound?

a. measure c. usually

b. usury d. push

77. Which acronym is an alphabetism?

a. UN c. scuba

b. NOW d. NATO
78. Which among these words has [zh] sound?

a. fish c. she

b. excursion d. chips

79. __________ is the study of the structure and form of words in language or a language, including
inflection, derivation, and the formation of compounds.

a. Phonology c. Semantics

b. Phonetics d. Morphology

80. The English word “fig” is a:

a. phoneme c. bound morpheme

b. morpheme d. none of the above

81. Which ED end sound is different?

a. Signed c. wanted

b. Granted d. needed

82. Because of the typhoon, a number of local businesses ________ closed yesterday.
a. were c. are

b. was d. is

83. Which among these words has the ending [d] sound?

a. Walked c. laughed

b. Joked d. played

84. Which word contains a cranberry morph?

a. Apple c. Lukewarm

b. Tiger d. Hunter

85. The transcription [buké] is written in normal text as:

a. banquet c. bouquet

b. book d. bulk

86. Which of the following is TRUE about languages?

a. All languages use essentially the same number of sounds.

b. All native speakers of a language learn the basic rules of grammar in school.

c. While different languages may use different phonemes, they all essentially share the same syntax.

d. None of the above

87. Which among these words has the [z] end sound?

a. Maps c. Buys

b. Laughs d. Jokes

88. Which is a compound word?

a. Salamander c. Enchilada

b. Eardrum d. Escapism

89. Which of the following words has the initial sound of the voiced post-alveolar affricate / dʒ/?

a. Use c. Yet

b. Goose d. Gesture
90. Which is a back formation?

a. Goodness c. Enthuse

b. Unknown d. Prof

91. The smallest unit of sound that can be altered to change the meaning of a word is called a:

a. Morpheme c. Phoneme

b. Morphine d. Bound morpheme

92. Which word contains a bound root?

a. Rewrite c. Remit

b. Rest d. Redo

93. Whether |U| is pronounced as front or back and whether rounded or unrounded depends on
______.

a. Vowel harmony c. Tone (Linguistics)

b. Epenthesis d. Palatalization
94. The term “phoneme” as an __________ was developed by the Polish linguist Jan NiecislawBaudouin
de Courtenay and his student MikolajKruszewski during 1875 – 1895.

a. Perception c. Concept

b. Ontology d. Abstraction

95. Which of the following is a complex word?

a. Teacher c. Salamander

b. Blackboard d. Tiger

96. Which among these words has the [ae] sound?

a. Castle c. Carriage

b. Cabin d. Can

97. Which is a clipped word?

a. Eggs c. Prof

b. Smog d. Scissor

98. Which is agglutination?

a. Triskaidekaphobia

b. Ward

c. Irregardless

d. Antidisestablishmentarianism

99. The earliest recorded syllables are on tablets around 2800 BC in the Sumerian city of __________.

a. Mesopotamia c. Babylon

b. Ur d. Babylonia

100. Which is a blend (portmanteau morpheme)?

a. Scissors c. Trashcan

b. Smog d. Polysci

1A

2A
3A

4C

5B

6A

7B

8A

9C

10 B

11 C

12 C

13 D

14 A

15 A
16 B

17 A

18 C

19 C

20 C

21 D

22 A

23 B

24 D

25 C

26 D

27 A
28 B

29 C

30 B

31 A

32 C

33 D

34 C

35 C

36 D

37 A

38 C

39 C

40 A
41 B

42 D

43 B

44 D

45 B

46 A

47 B

48 D

49 C

50 D

51 A

52 C
53 D

54 D

55 A

56 C

57 B

58 B

59 C

60 C

61 C

62 C

63 B

64 A

65 C
66 B

67C

68 C

69 A

70 A

71 A

72 A

73 D

74 A

75 D

76 D

77 A
78 B

79 D

80 B

81 A

82 A

83 D

84 C

85 C

86 D

87 C

88 B

89 D

90 C
91 C

92 C

93 A

94 D

95 A

96 D

97 C

98 D

99 B

100 B

POPULAR GEN ED REVIEWER

🏆FILIPINO/ENGLISH:

💎MGA TEORYA NG PINAGMULAN NG WIKA

♥️1. BOW-WOW –kalikasan at hayop

♥️2. DING-DONG – bagay

♥️3. POOH-POOH – masidhing damdamin

♥️4. YOHEHO – pwersang pisikal

💎FILIPINO POETS AND PEN NAMES

♥️BENVENIDO SANTOS – American Culture Writings

♥️DANIEL DEFOE – “Robinson Crusoen” (novel)

♥️EDILBERTO TIEMPO – made “Cry Slaughter” that has been

translated many times

♥️ERNEST HEMINGWAY – Ring Lardner Jr.

♥️JOSE GARCIA VILLA – “Comma Poet”, Dove G. Lion

♥️MIGUEL DE CERVANTES/ESCALANDE - Masterpiece is

♥️“Don Quixote” that is most influential

♥️NICK JOAQUIN – Quijano de Manila

– Spanish Culture Writing

♥️PAZ MARQUEZ BENITEZ – made “Dead Stars” that is the 1st

modern English short story

♥️SAMUEL LANGHORNE CLEMENS – Mark Twain

- “Adventures of Tom Sawyer”

- “Adventures of Huckleberry Finn” (best novel)

♥️SINTAKS/SINTAKSIS/PALAUGNAYAN

- sangay ng barirala na tumatalakay sa masistemang pagkaka-ayus-ayos ng mga salita sa pagbuo ng mga

parirala at pangungusap.

💎PEN NAMES OF FILIPINO PROTAGONISTS

♥️ANDRES BONIFACIO – May Pag-asa, Agapito

Bagumbayan

♥️ANTONIO LUNA – Taga-Ilog

♥️EMILIO AGUINALDO - Magdalo

♥️EMILIO JACINTO – Di Masilaw, Tingkian

♥️GRACIANO LOPEQ JAENA – Diego Laura

♥️JOSE MA. PANGANIBAN ¬– JoMaPa

♥️JOSE RIZAL – Dimas alang, Laon laan

♥️JUAN LUNA – Buan

♥️MARCELO DEL PILAR – Plaridel, Dolores Manapat,Piping Dilat

♥️MARIANO PONCE – Tikbalang, Naning (Satanas),Kalipulako

💎MGA URI NG PANGUNGUSAP

WALANG PAKSA:

♥️1. EKSISTENSYAL – mayroong isa o higit pang tao

Halimbawa: Mayroon daw puno sa bakuran.

♥️2. MODAL – nais/pwede/maari (Gusto ko matulog.)

♥️3. PANLIPUNAN – pagbati, pagbigay galang atbp.

♥️4. SAGOT LAMANG – “Talaga?”, “Oo”

♥️5. SAMBITLA – masidhing damdamin (Aray!)

♥️6. TEMPORAL – panandaliang kalagayan o panahon

💎KAYARIAN:

♥️1. PAYAK – iisang kaisipan

♥️2. TAMBALAN – dalawang sugnay na ‘di makapag-iisa

♥️3. HUGNAYAN – madalas nagsisimula sa kung, dahil sa

♥️4. LANGKAPAN – mahabang pangungusap

💎MGA URI NG KWENTO

♥️1. PABULA (fable) – hayop

♥️2. PARABULA (parable)– Bibliya

♥️3. ANEKDOTA (anecdote) – tunay na buhay

♥️4. MITOLOHIYA (myth) – diyos at diyosa (pinagmulan)

💎ASPEKTO NG PANDIWA (Verb)

♥️1. PERPEKTIBO – tumakbo

♥️2. IMPERPEKTIBO – tumatakbo

♥️3. KONTEMPLATIBO – tatakbo

💎KAANTASAN NG PANG-URI (Adjective)

♥️1. LANTAY – walang pinaghahambingan

♥️2. PAHAMBING ¬– inihahalintulad

♥️3. PASUKDOL – nangingibabaw (H: pinakamataas)

💎MGA URI NG TULA

♥️1. PATULA (Moro-moro)

♥️2. PASALAYSAY (Epiko, Awit, Korido)

💎MGA AWITING BAYAN

♥️1. DALIT/HIMNO – pagsamba sa anito o pang-relihiyon

♥️2. DIONA – kasal

♥️3. DUNG-AW – patay (pagdadalamhati)

♥️4. KALUSAN – paggawa

♥️5. KUMINTANG – tagumpay (pandigma)

♥️6. KUNDIMAN – pag-ibig

♥️7. OYAYI – pagpapatulog ng bata

♥️8. SOLIRANIN – pagsasagwan

♥️9. TALINDAW – pamamangka

💎PAGBABAGONG MORPONEMIKO

♥️1. ASIMILASYON – Parsyal (pangsukli), Ganap (panukli)

♥️2. MAY ANGKOP – wikain mo – “kamo”

♥️3. MAYSUDLONG/PAGDARAGDAG NG PONEMA

- muntik – muntikan, pagmuntikan, pagmuntikanan

♥️4. METATESIS – linipad – nilipad

♥️5. PAGKAKALTAS NG PONEMO – takipan – takpan

♥️6. PAGLILIPAT-DIIN – laRUan (playground) - laruAN (toy)

♥️7. PAGPAPALIT NG PONEMA – madapat – marapat

💎MGA URI NG PANGHALIP/PRONOUNS

♥️1. PANAO/PERSONAL PRONOUN – ako/I etc.

♥️2. PAMATLIG/DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUN – ito/this etc.

♥️3. PANAKLAW/INDEFINITE P. - isa, all, anyone etc.

♥️4. PATULAD – ganito, ganyan atbp.

♥️5. PANANONG/INTERROGATIVE P. – sino, when etc.

♥️6. PAMANGGIT/RELATIVE P. – daw, umano, which, who

💎MGA AKDANG NA MAY IMPUWENSYA SA MUNDO

♥️AKLAT NG MGA ARAW – China (by Confucius)

♥️AKLAT NG MGA PATAY – Egypt cults & myths (by Osiris)

♥️AWIT NI ROLANDO-France (by Doce Pares, Roncesvalles)

♥️BIBLIYA – Palestino at Greece

♥️CANTEBURY TALES – America (by Chaucer)

♥️DIVINE COMEDIA – Italy (by Dante)

♥️EL CID COMPEADOR – katangian at history ng Spain

♥️ILIAD o ODYSSEY – Myths of Greece made by Homer.

♥️ISANG LIBO’T ISANG GABI – Ugali sa Arabia at Persia

♥️KORAN – Arabia (Muslim Bible) ♥️MAHABRATA – India

♥️UNCLE TOM’S CABIN – about slaves that becomes the basis of democracy. (by Harriet Beecher Stowe
of U.S.)

🏆MGA URI NG PANITIKAN

♥️1. TULUYAN – binubuo ng mga pangungusap

A. NOBELA – binubuo ng mga kabanata

B. DULA – pagtatanghal sa entablado

MGA DULANG PANLIBANGAN:

a. TIBAG – Sta. Elena

b. LAGAY – Pilarenos ng Sorsogon

c. PANUNULUYAN – pagtatanghal bago mag-alas dose (12PM) ng gabi ng kapaskuhan

d. PANUBOL – parangal sa may kaarawan

e. KARILYO – ala-puppet show

f. KURIDO – katapangan, kabayanihan, kababalaghan, pananampalataya

g. SARSUELA – musical tungkol sa pag-ibig, paghihiganti atbp. masisidhing damdamin

C. ALAMAT – pinagmulan

D. ANEKDOTA – ugali, may mabuting aral

♥️2. PATULA - may sukat,pantig,tugma,taludtod,saknong

A. TULANG PASALAYSAY - mahahalagang tago o pangyayari sa buhay.

a. EPIKO – kabayanihan sa kababalaghan

o BIDASARI, PARANG SABIR – Moro

o BIAG NI LAM ANG – Iloko

o MARAGTAS, HARAYA, LAGDA AT HARI SA BUKID – Bisaya

o KUMINTANG – Tagalog

SCIENCE REVIEWER FOR SCIENCE QUIZ ELEMENTARY

Prepared by: Merlyn C. Tadiar

MATTER

1. What do you call when matter changes from liquid to solid?

Answer: freezing

2. Changing matter from gas to liquid.

Answer: condensation

3. Changing matter from solid to gas

Answer: sublimation

4. Changing matter from solid to liquid

Answer: melting (fusion)

5. It is the smallest part of the property of a substance.

Answer: molecule

6. The study of the patterns of the movement of gases is called what?

Answer: aerodynamics

7. It is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

Answer: atomic number

8. What is the most abundant noble gas?

Answer: argon

9. It is the substance that capable of destroying bacteria.

Answer: antibiotic

10. A BTU is the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound of water one degree
on what temperature scale?

Answer: Fahrenheit

11. What is measured by the SI units Bar?

Answer: pressure

12. What is measure by the SI units Curie?

Answer: Activity of radionuclide

13. What is measured by barn?

Answer: Area

14. What is measured by calories?

Answer: Energy

15. This gem stone is the softest of all precious stones. What is this green stone that is composed of
mineral beryl?

Answer: Emerald

PROF ED!

John Dewey - Learning by doing

Confucius - Education for all, golden rule

Bandura - Modeling

Froebel - Kindergarten

John Locke - Tabula rasa

Sigmun Freud - Psychosexual

Erick Erikson - Pyschosocial

William Sheldon - Physiological

Carl Jung - Psychological

Jean Piaget - Cognitive

Lawrence Kohlberg - Moral development

Edward Thorndike - Connectionism

Ivan Pavlovs - Classical conditioning

B.f. skinners - Operant conditioning

Bandura&Wallace - Social learning

Kohlers - Insight learning or A-ha

Lewins - Topological
Brunners - Instrumental conceptualism

Lev Vygotsky - Social cognitivist, scaffolding

Goodluck future LPT's! 💕

PHILIPPINE HISTORY

♣️The first book written in the Philippines was DOCTRINA CRISTIANA.

♣️The Father of Ilocano Literature is PEDRO BUKANEG.

♣️The Father of Tagalog Poetry is FRANCISCO BALTAZAR.

♣️Lola Basyang is the pen name of SEVERINO REYES.

♣️The first and longest running komiks series in the Philippines is KENKOY(Liwayway Magasin,1929)

♣️The Father of Pampango Literature who wrote There is no God is JUAN CRISOSTOMO SOTO.

♣️The oldest existing newspaper in the Philippines since the 1900 is MANILA BULLETIN.

♣️The Father of Modern Tagalog Poetry is ALEJANDRO ABADILLA.

♣️The work of Bonifacio which tells the history of the Philippines ANG DAPAT MABATID NG MGA
TAGALOG.

♣️He wrote the popular fable The Monkey and the Turtle - JOSE RIZAL

♣️This is known as Andres Bonifacio's Ten Commandments of the Katipunan - THE DECALOGUE.

♣️Rizal's model for Pilosopong Tasyo was PACIANO RIZAL.

♣️The following characters created by rizal reflect his own personality except SIMOUN (El Filibusterismo)

♣️The line 'whoever knows not how to love his native tongue is worse than any beast or even smelly
fish' TO MY FELLOW CHILDREN

♣️Rizal's pen name - DIMASALANG, LAONG-LAAN

♣️Taga-ilog is JUAN LUNA's Pen name.

♣️The first filipino alphabet was called ALIBATA/BAYBAYIN

♣️the first filipino alphabet consisted of 15 LETTERS

♣️This is a song about love - TALINDAW, awit ng mga taong hindi naimbetahan sa kainan (COLADO)

♣️He was known for his `Memoria Fotografica` - JOSE MA. PANGANIBAN

♣️He is known as the `poet of the workers or laborers` - AMADO HERNANDEZ

♣️Ilocano balagtasan is called BUKANEGAN

♣️Visayan epic about good manners and right conduct - MARAGTAS

♣️The father of Filipino newspaper is PASCUAL POBLETE

♣️Lupang Tinubuan is considered to be the best story written during Japanese Period. The author is
NARCISO REYES

♣️The original title of Ibong Adarna was CORIDO AT BUHAY NA PINAGDAANAN NG TATLONG
PRINSIPENG ANAK NG HARING FERNANDO AT REYNA VALERIANA SA KAHARIANG BERBANIA

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82 POINTS GENERAL EDUCATION BOOSTERS!

1. Black sheep --- metaphor

2. Love sonnets -- Ophelia Dimalanta

3.Tatlong tuldok na sunod sunod -- Ellipses

4. Phantom of Delight -- Metaphor

5. Tinkle, tinkle, tinke -- Onomatopoeia

6. Naghihiwalay sa mga salita -- Kuwit

7.Pangatnig na nagbubukod -- Pamukod

8. Largest desert -- Sahara

9. First religious missionary in the Philippines -- Augustinians

10 Founder of La Solidaridad/Greatest Orator -- Graciano Lopez-Jaena

11. Ang paksa ay ibinibigay bago magsimula ang talumpati - Imprompto

12. Term of Marcelo H. del Pilar to friars -- Frailocracia

13.Arena theater proponent -- Severino Montano

14. Released by plants at night -- Carbon dioxide

15. Sala theater proponent -- Naty Crame Rogers

16. Shape of a brick - Rectangle

17. Protein shell of a virus -- Capsid

18. Hair-like structure -- Cilia

19. Author of Annabel Lee -- Edgar Allan Poe

20. Novels in letters -- Epistolary

21. Birthplace of Rizal -- Calamba, Laguna

22. Real name of Mark Twain -- Samuel (Langhorne) Clemens

23. Writ of Amparo -- Right to life, liberty, and security

24. Writ of Habeas Corpus -- Demand presence of the accused

25. Penicillin discoverer -- Alexander Fleming

26. Author of Doctrina Christiana -- Fray Juan de Plasencia

27. Light travels fastest -- Air

28. Protons of Silicon -- 14

29. Funji -- Yeast

30. Law of Bicameralism -- Jones Law

31. Pagbabagong anyo ng bayan -- Reduccion

32. Permutation 9P9 -- 362,880

33. Absolute mean -- 14.35/14.5

34. Agreement between Legazpi and Datu Sikatuna) -- Blood Compact (Sandugo
35. Hierarchy of Needs proponent -- Maslow

36. Oldest religion in Asia – Hinduism

37. Enrolled bills becomes a law - 90 days

38. "Lapse" - 30 days

39. SONNET – Lyric poem consists of 14 lines

40. HAIKU – Japanese poem about nature. 5, 7, 5 (3 lines and 17 syllables)

41. TANKA – Japanese poem: 5 lines, 31 syllables

42. BLACK VERSE – with meter but no rhyme

43. DRAMATIC MONOLOGUE – written in form of speech for individual character.

44.ELEGY – death of individual

45. EPIC – tells a story about heroic figure

46. EULOGY – message for the dead

47. FREE VERSE (vers libre) – without meter but with rhyme

48. IDYLL (Idyl) – peaceful, idealized country scene LYRICS - thoughts and feelings

49. NARRATIVE – tells story

50. ODE -typically serious/meditative nature, type of Lyric

51. PASTORAL –rural life in a peaceful & romanticized way

52. AIMS OF ERAS PRE-SPANISH – survival and conformity

53. SPANISH – Christianity/Religion

54. AMERICAN – democratic ideals and way of life

55. COMMONWEALTH – moral character, efficiency

56 .JAPANESE – progress

*gen ed - haiku 575

*tanaga 7777

*tangka 57577
*Tree releases carbon dioxide during? ~ evening

* tatlong tuldok na sunod-sunod = elipsis

*town criers~~~umalohokan

*Meaning of TOS ~~~table of Specifications

*Sage on stage ~~dispenser of knowledge

*Sa TLE lumabas ang Ohms Law sa electricity.

*sa plumbing naman-Which pipe is used through which rainwater passes from the root down to the
ground. Answer po is DOWNSPOUT

*End product ng citric acid?

*Negative effect of extended family~ FAVORITISM.

*Bicameralism~~ Jones Law

*Ang _____ay ang bantas na ginagamit sa pagitan ng panlaping IKA at Tambilang~~~GITLING

*"She is a lovely rose" is an example of~~metaphor

*Had I studied very well, I ___________ rewarded with vacation in the US~~would have been

*"She is a lovely rose" is an example of~~metaphor

*Had I studied very well, I ___________ rewarded with vacation in the US~~would have been

*___________ is an example of a non pathogenic microorganism~~ Probiotics as bifidobacterium

*First labor union in the Philippines~~~Union Obrera Demokratika

*The only remnant after world war II~~Philippine Independent Church

1. Fr. Pedro Pelaez- Secularization Movement.

2. Limited- Mother Financial Problem.

3. Polka- NOT a folk dance from Mexico.

4. Bodabil- A play NOT from the Spanish Era.

5. Acta de Tejeros- Rejected Aguinaldo as President.

6. Folklore- The Philosophy of oir folks during Pre-hispanic Era.

7. Katalinuhan- Basal o Di-Koncreto.

8. Spanish Surnames- by Narciso Claveria.

9. Leeches:Anticoagulation - Segmented:Worm

10. Biotechnology*

11. Teaching is like... Simile is not in the choices but METAPHOR* is there.

12. Rebirth- Rennaisance

13. Bitterness- Rancor

14. Oxygen- Waste product of photosynthesis.

15. Tissue- Group of cells.

16. Spencer- Survival of the Fittest.

17. Pagsang-ayon- Kasalungat ng pagtugol.

18. In Vitro Fertilization - Test tube babies.

19. Kuwit- Paghihiwalay ng mga sunod-sunod na pangungusap.

20. Pangungusap- Salita o grupo ng mga salit

21. P3,200- Manufactured bed P4,000 less 20%.

22. 20 Times - How many times digit 7 appears between 1-100.

23. Lupang Hinirang- Pamagat ng Nat'l Anthem ng Pilipinas.

24. Balagtasan- Uri ng pagtatanghal na binubuo ng paligsahan ng dalawang makata.

25. Elements*

26. Oxygen- These are compounds EXCEPT.

27. K-III - Anong grade tinuturo ang mother tongue.

28. Chat room-Science Subject.

29. Learning is an active process - What is violated when Teacher Ivon just lectures while students listen.

30. Pancreas- Organ who secretes insulin.

31. Multi-grade class- Combining 2-3 grade level

32. K-12- Kindergarten is compulsory before proceed to grade 1.

33. 45,46- Consecutive number whose sum is 91.

34. Developmental Portfolio- Penmanship skills of the students in the biggining, middle, and after the
school year.

35. Persiflage- Praise glowingly.

36. Indefatigable- Tireless.

37. Working- The father finally found the time to rest after_____the whole day.

38. Irrelevant- Impertinent

39. I, II ( I-trial and error, II-stimulus response) - Behaviorism anchored with the theories related to.

40. 5x3x2x2x2- Prime factor of 120.

41. I, II, III ( I-Participative Learning, II- Constructive planning, III- innovative Planning) - Formulation of
teachers professional development plan.

42. Diksyunaryo- Kahulugan ng mga salita.

43. Routine*

44. Operant Conditioning- Skinner

45. Authentic Assessment- Real-life.

46- Developmental Portfolio- Display the drawings of the childrens.

47. Below 75- Did not meet expectation.

48. Pagkatakot- Gabi na ngunit bakit wala pa siya.

49. Brigada Eskwela- Bayanihan in School.

50. Drive- MotivationMarch 2018

51. Pre-conventional( Mutual Benefit) - reward, star, stamp.

52. Post-conventional(Common Good) - A taxi driver returned the baggage left by the passenger.

53. Blood Compact- Legazpi and Rajah Sikatuna in Bohol.

54. Sounds- Phonology

55. Socialization- Participafing and functioning members of the society by figting into organize way of
living.

56. Drawing- Visual/Spatial.

57. Heirarchy of Biology Taxonomy - Has 8 levels.

58. Spiral Curriculum- K-12

59. Essentialism- Basic/Essential.

60. "Ganyan lang talaga"- Teacher Mediocrity.

61. Punishment- A quiz NOT as.

62. Should match with the objectives- Criterion reference.

63. Professional Licensed- Signed by the PRC.

64. CPU - brain of the computer.

65. Sa kanyang ama (Padre Damaso) - Saan namana ni Maria Clara ang kanyang pagka mestiza.

66. Resource Provider- Role of the teachers play when they help their colleagues by sharing instructional
resources.

67. Deductive- From Generalization to Specific.

68. Motivation- Part of lesson developme t is concerned with mood setting.

69. Field Trip - Stimulate more senses.

70. Visual Imagery- Graphic Organizer.

71. Tax reform for Acceleration and INclusion-TRAIN Law means....

72. Archipelago - Philippines is an...

73. Has - Population in the Philippines_____increase tremendously.

74. Conservation- about Mother Earth.

75. Stress the positive aspects of culture- IP ( Indigenous People)

76. Spreadsheet - Performs computation.

77. Biosphere - Air, Water, and Land.

78. Philippine Qualifications Framework- What does PQF means.

79. Reforestation - Solution due to increasing global warming.

80. Long and Dictated - NOT characteristics in giving assignments.

81. Bread Provider- NOT the role of a Mother during Pre-Hispanic Era.
82. 45 units - CPD units need for teachers to renew the license.