I.

BACKGROUND

The implementation of community quarantines, lockdowns and limiting of movement to

contain the novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 COVID-19 implemented in various countries
including the Philippines, has led to widespread disruptions, thereby affecting economies,
global supply chains, businesses and labor market. So many people have lost their jobs
especially in economic sectors that were severely impacted by the pandemic such as
accommodation and food services; transportation, storage and communication;
manufacturing; and wholesale and retail trade. There are pressures currently experienced
by businesses to be able to stay resilient in a post-pandemic era, through the change in
business models, and to be able to continue to provide employment. The changes in the
economy as well as in business practices may require workers to adapt and adopt to these
changes. These changes may necessitate having a new set of skills, which can be addressed
through retooling and reskilling.

TESDA as the primary government agency tasked to provide relevant, accessible, high
quality and efficient technical education and skills development (TESD) in the Philippines,
should be able to provide the necessary education and training support that is responsive
to these changes and impacts. This report seeks to provide insights and information on the
labor market in a post-pandemic situation, in order to provide guidance to the agency in
recalibrating its priorities for TESD.
II. ECONOMIC IMPACT

The following are the economic forecasts for the Philippines (as of August/ September
2020):

2020 2021
International Monetary Fund -8.3% 7.4%
Institute of International Finance -7.5% 7%
Asian Development Bank -7.3% 6.5%
Asean+3 Macroeconomic and Research Office -7.6% 6.6%
(Amro)
NEDA -5.5% 6.5-7.5%

The National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) estimated that the foregone
revenues (excluding losses in the transport sector) during the 45-day Extended Community
Quarantine (ECQ) is roughly at PHP1.1 trillion, representing 5.6 percent of the GDP. While
the community quarantine rules have been generally relaxed since May 2020, some of the
economic activities have not been fully restored and operational. Thus, economic losses are
still being experienced. The latest report from the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA)
showed that the Philippines’ Gross Domestic Product (GDP) has declined by 16.5% in the
second quarter of 2020. The sectors that have positive growth rates are the Public
administration and defense; compulsory social activities, Financial and insurance activities,
information and communication, and Agriculture, forestry and fishery. The possible reasons
for the positive growth rates in the sectors are due to the continuing demand for the goods
and services of the sectors. The accommodation and food service activities, other service
activities, and transportation and storage experienced the steepest decline, as these sectors’
activities have been limited, or not allowed, due to the strict quarantine measures imposed
to prevent the spread of the virus.

Growth Rate of (in constant 2018 prices) 2019 – 2020

Economic Sector Sem 1
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing 0.6
Industry -13.5
01. Mining and quarrying -22.9
02. Manufacturing -12.5
03. Electricity, steam, water and waste management -0.9
04. Construction -20.3
Services -8.2
01. Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and -6.3
motorcycles
 Growth Rate of (in constant 2018 prices) 2019 – 2020
02. Transportation and storage -36.6
03. Accommodation and food service activities -41.2
04. Information and communication 5.9
05. Financial and insurance activities 7.9
06. Real estate and ownership of dwellings -11.5
07. Professional and business services -10.4
08. Public administration and defense; compulsory social activities 7.1
09. Education -6.3
10. Human health and social work activities -5.9
11. Other services -37.0
Gross Domestic Product -9.0
Net primary income from the rest of the world -13.7
Gross National Income -9.5
Source: PSA

There is a general recognition for the need to open the economy to achieve growth.
However, critical to economic growth is the need for citizens to be confident that COVID-
19 is under control. Countries that have restored confidence—or are close to doing so—
have seen economic activity return or begin to return to pre-crisis levels. The OECD
estimates that “for every three months’ delay in getting the virus under control across OECD
countries, the recovery of GDP to pre-crisis levels could be delayed by as much as six
months.”

What are the Indicators of Confidence?

 New case counts are low
 Widespread testing for official counts to represent accurately actual conditions.
 Number of serious cases requiring hospitalization are effectively handled by the
health system
 Effective, credible and consistent communication about health interventions by
leaders such that the public and private sectors can plan accordingly
 Public-health measures delivered effectively and sufficient to prevent increases in
transmission.
 Public-health interventions, including those for high- risk and vulnerable
populations, do not structurally prevent economic recovery
Source: McKinsey and Company
 According to Socioeconomic Planning Secretary Karl Kendrick Chua, the following key
thrusts of the Philippine government’s economic recovery:

 Intensify the information and education campaign and implementation of the

Prevent, Detect, Isolate Treat and Reintegration (PDITR) strategy.
 Develop the Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) ecosystem and implement a
strategic stockpiling system of PPE and other essential goods with links to domestic
manufacturers.
 Support the agriculture sector, including urban agriculture.
 Minimize disruptions in value chain and the logistics sector.
 Extend financial assistance, retooling and upskilling programs, alternative livelihood
programs and job matching services.
 Provide support for flexible learning opportunities.
 Improve in the digital infrastructure and provide support to MSME especially for
digital transformation
 Continue implementation of projects on ecological integrity
 Reopen safely and sufficiently the public transport system.
 Resumption of the Build, Build, Build program.

III. LABOR MARKET IMPACT

a. Employment Situation

COVID-19 will have far-reaching impacts on labour market outcomes, especially on the
sectors that have been severely affected by the lockdowns.

As shown in the latest Labor Force Survey results, the Philippines reached a record-high
unemployment rate of 17.3% in April 2020, accounting for 7.3 million unemployed Filipinos,
which reflects an employment situation aftermath of the COVID-19 economic shutdown.
But due to the ease in quarantine restrictions with more industries allowed to operate, the
unemployment rate in July 2020 has been reduced to 10%, accounting for 4.6 million
unemployed Filipinos. The Mining and quarrying, Construction, and Wholesale and retail
trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles have experienced the largest growth in
employment between April and July 2020.
 Table 1: Employment by Major Industry Group, Philippines: July 2020, April 2020 and July
2019

Total

Growth rate(%) Percent Distribution

MAJOR INDUSTRY GROUP

July July April

2020p 2019R 2020p July July
2020 - 2020 - July July April
July April 2020p 2019 2020
2019 2020

PHILIPPINES 41,306 42,521 33,764 (2.9) 22.3 41,306 42,521 33,764

Agriculture ('000) 10,870 9,731 8,743 11.7 24.3 10,870 9,731 8,743
Agriculture and Forestry (%) 9,752 8,313 7,647 17.3 27.5 89.7 85.4 87.5
Fishing and aquaculture (%) 1,117 1,418 1,096 (21.2) 1.9 10.3 14.6 12.5
Industry ('000) 7,785 8,053 5,745 (3.3) 35.5 7,785 8,053 5,745
Mining and quarrying (%) 243 204 154 19.3 57.8 3.1 2.5 2.7
Manufacturing (%) 3,373 3,701 2,702 (8.9) 24.8 43.3 46.0 47.0
Electricity, gas, steam and air
conditioning supply (%) 83 74 61 12.2 35.9 1.1 0.9 1.1
Water supply; sewerage, waste
management and remediation activities
(%) 52 55 48 (5.0) 8.6 0.7 0.7 0.8
Construction (%) 4,034 4,018 2,779 0.4 45.1 51.8 49.9 48.4
Services ('000) 22,651 24,737 19,276 (8.4) 17.5 22,651 24,737 19,276

Wholesale and retail trade; repair of

motor vehicles and motorcycles (%) 8,894 8,547 6,452 4.1 37.8 39.3 34.6 33.5
Transportation and storage (%) 2,913 3,244 2,583 (10.2) 12.8 12.9 13.1 13.4
Accommodation and food service
activities (%) 1,281 2,000 1,224 (35.9) 4.7 5.7 8.1 6.4
Information and communication (%) 306 430 267 (28.8) 14.5 1.4 1.7 1.4
Financial and insurance activities
(%) 558 560 437 (0.4) 27.7 2.5 2.3 2.3
Real estate activities (%) 218 263 163 (17.3) 33.6 1.0 1.1 0.8
Professional, scientific and
technical activities (%) 248 309 233 (19.7) 6.8 1.1 1.3 1.2
Administrative and support service
activities (%) 1,535 1,736 1,501 (11.6) 2.2 6.8 7.0 7.8
Public administration and defense;
compulsory social security (%) 2,555 2,817 2,499 (9.3) 2.2 11.3 11.4 13.0
Education (%) 1,192 1,278 1,122 (6.7) 6.2 5.3 5.2 5.8
Human health and social work
activities (%) 545 491 460 11.0 18.5 2.4 2.0 2.4
Arts, entertainment and recreation
(%) 117 433 200 (72.9) (41.4) 0.5 1.7 1.0
Other service activities (%) 2,286 2,629 2,135 (13.0) 7.1 10.1 10.6 11.1
Activities of extraterritorial
organizations and bodies (%) 4 1 0 555.4 2,092.4 0.0 0.0 0.0

Source: PSA
 Measures that have been taken to mitigate the health crisis, such as social distancing
and closures in retail, transport, restaurants, hotels, and other service industries will hit
low-paid and insecure workers particularly hard. Low-paid workers (full-time workers
earning less than two-thirds of the national median) represent around 15% of all full-time
employees across OECD countries on average.

Teleworking may reduce some of the immediate economic impacts of social distancing
measures, but in practice it is restricted to a small share of workers. In the study of Dingel
and Neiman (2020) on the number and types of jobs that can be performed at home, 361
occupations out of nearly 1,000 occupations in the United States (US), or 37% of total
occupations, can be performed at home. In addition, Dingel and Neiman also reported that
only 26% of jobs in the Philippines are teleworkable.

Using the classification made by Dingel and Neiman, a similar study 1was conducted by the
Asian Institute of Management. According to their study,

 Only 105, or 26% of occupations can be classified as teleworkable. This confirms the
initial findings of Dingel and Nieman.

 Only 22% of the labor force is engaged in teleworkable occupations

 According to major industry classification, these are the percentage of workers in

teleworkable occupations:
o Agriculture – 0.4%
o Industry – 17%
o Services – 83%

 Distribution of workers in teleworkable occupations by subsector:

o Education – 81%
o Real estate – 67%
o Professional, scientific and technical activities – 67%
o Financial and insurance activities – 56%
o Information and communication – 47%
Workers in industries where work is location specific (i.e. agriculture,
construction) or involves high contact with the public (i.e. retail) are less likely to
be able to work from home.

 Distribution of workers in teleworkable jobs by major occupation group:

o Professionals – 69%
o Clerical support workers – 46%
o Technicians and associate professionals – 30%

1
Webinar entitled “Telework Potential in the Philippines” held on 21 October 2020
 o Craft and related trades workers – 20%
o Managers – 17%
o Service and sales workers – 4%

Workers in elementary occupations, as well as skilled agricultural, forestry and

fishery workers, and plant and machine operators and assemblers, are also less
likely to be able to work from home.

 Proportion of workers in teleworkable activities by highest educational attainment

o College degree or higher – 43%
o Above high school degree but below college degree – 15%
o High school degree – 7%
o Below high school degree – 4%
o Elementary degree – 4%
o Below elementary degree – 2%

Another development that was brought by the pandemic is the reliance on contingent or
gig workers. According to the Baruch College of the City University of New York, contingent
workers do not have an implicit or explicit contract for employment, or do not have an
employer- employee relationship. These workers are also considered independent
contractors, freelancers, or self-employed workers. The ILO attributes the rise of gig workers
“to long-term trends of non-standard work arrangements, and the rise of the platform
economy or gig economy which has become a major game-changer.” Gartner predicts that
reliance on these workers instead of hiring full-time employees is being undertaken as a
cost-saving measure. While the exact number of workers is difficult to estimate, the ILO
reports that available estimates range from 0.7 to 34% of workers. The United States’ Bureau
of Labor Statistics estimated that in 2017,

 there are 5.9 million contingent workers, comprising 3.8 % of total US employment;

 55% of contingent workers are aged 25-54 years old;

Age Percentage
16 to 24 years 27.5
25 to 54 years 55
55 years and older 17.4

 Contingent workers aged 25-54 years old are found across all levels of educational
attainment
 Educational attainment Percentage
Less than a high school diploma 13.50%
High school graduates, no college 22.1
Some college or associate degree 20.9
Bachelor's degree or higher 43.5

 Almost 60% of contingent workers work full time

Status Percentage
Usually work part time 40.80%
Usually work full time 59.2

 More than 30% of contingent workers are employed in Education and health
services industry

Industry Percentage
Agriculture and related industries 3.20%
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 0.2
Construction 10.8
Manufacturing 6.3
Wholesale trade 1
Retail trade 6.2
Transportation and utilities 4.1
Information 1.6
Financial activities 2.6
Professional and business services 14.9
Education and health services 31.3
Leisure and hospitality 9.3
Other services 5.3
Public administration 3.3

 More than 30% of contingent workers are in Professional and related occupations

Occupation Percentage
Management, business, and financial
operations occupations 7.90%
Professional and related occupations 31.2
Service occupations 17.1
Sales and related occupations 4.9
 Office and administrative support
occupations 11.3
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations 2.7
Construction and extraction occupations 10.6
Installation, maintenance, and repair
occupations 2
Production occupations 4.6
Transportation and material moving
occupations 7.7

 However, more than half of the contingent workers prefer permanent employment.
One of the issues raised about contingent work and not being employed
permanently is the constant search for new contracts, and thus require continuous
development of skills.

Prefer permanent employment 55.10%

Prefer contingent employment 32.8
It depends 9.5
Not available 2.6

Technological transformation has also accelerated during the pandemic, and this
development has changed the way things are done, and have definite implications on the
nature of work, stressing the need for adoption and adaptation. The need to adopt and
adapt will require skills that are not be limited to task-oriented or technical skills, but will
require more holistic job skills. The World Economic Forum reports that “companies want
people with an eye for detail, creative problem solving skills, a collaborative mindset and an
ability to deal with ambiguity and complexity.”2

b. Opportunities

i. International/Global

Burning Glass Technologies, a data analytics firm in the employment field, has coined the
term “Lifeboat Jobs”, which refers to jobs that can serve as “lifeboats” for at least some of
those who have lost work and that did not require advanced training, education, or a license,
as well as jobs that are growing, or declining at lower rates in the market. In addition, these
jobs are not dead-end occupations, and offer pathways for longer-term opportunities in
terms of salary increase and career development.

2
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/09/reckoning-for-skills/
 Occupation Job Postings from Growth from
week of 3/2 to week of 3/2 to
week of 4/20 week of 4/20
Shipping, Receiving, and Traffic Clerks 10,175 59%
Driver/Sales Workers 28,739 28%
Personal Care Aides 28,888 4%
Mental Health Counselors 9,312 4%
Computer and Information Research 6,637 -6%
Scientists
Janitors and Cleaners, Except Maids and 37,246 -7%
Housekeeping Cleaners
Cashiers 31,459 -12%
Respiratory Therapists 8,987 -19%
Stock Clerks and Order Fillers 51,948 -19%
Home Health Aides 17,305 -20%

Burning Glass has also generated data on the job postings by industry and
occupation in the following countries: Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Singapore,
United Kingdom and the United States of America. Industries with the highest
demand for workers, and the types of jobs can be inferred based on these data.

As to job postings by industry, the Health Care industry has the highest demand for
workers in 4 out of 6 countries.
As to occupations, the Professionals rank highest in 4 out of 6 countries, and health
care professionals is highest in the United States.
LinkedIn also provides insights on in-demand jobs. According to its September 2020
data, in-person essential workers continue to be in high demand. And as economies
start to reopen, some of the in-person work have started to increase. The Security
Officer has the highest demand, followed by Delivery Specialist, then Retail Sales
Specialist.

LinkedIn also reports while economies are reopening, jobs that limits in-person
interaction, as well as those that enable digital transformation, continue to be in-
demand. Delivery Specialist has the highest increase in demand, followed by Full
Stack Engineer and Javascript Developer.
 ii. Local

The NEDA proposes a recovery program to address the socioeconomic impact of

the pandemic to the country. A health crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic will
require more resources to be spent on health care. The efforts to combat the
pandemic can result into more direct (healthcare workers) and indirect employment
(i.e. manufacture of PPE, medicines, medical supplies; construction of quarantine
facilities).

The imposed lockdowns and community quarantines saw the limit to physical
interaction among peoples and goods. In the study of Cruz and Muyrong (2020),
they mentioned about sectors to be prioritized to adapt to efforts to combat
COVID-19. Apart from health services, the selected sectors are needed to ensure
food supply for households (e.g. agriculture, food processing), and services needed
to facilitate distribution of these supplies and transactions (e.g. land transport,
wholesale and retail trade, logistics, fuel products, financial transactions).

Based on the status of the sectors identified as high or low risk in the time of
pandemic, the following are the jobs that will be needed and will be created:

Sector Jobs Needed Remarks

under the New Normal

Agriculture  Increase production in the following crops:  According to Cruz and

Forestry and  Rice Muyrong (2020),
Fishery  Food crops agriculture is important in
 Livestock addressing the country’s
 Poultry and Fish domestic food supply, and
 Nutrient and Pest Management is one of the sectors that
 Mushroom Production and Processing has the job-generating
 Farm Business Planning potential.
 Community Organization  The IATF-EID declared that
 Digital Farmers Program “all agriculture and fishery
 Operation and Management of Common stakeholders must be
Rice Machinery Facility considered frontliners and
 Construction, Operation and Mgt of Rice their movements should
Storage Warehouse remain unhampered.”
 Manufacture of Farm Implements  Plant, Plant, Plant/Ahon
(PhilMech) Lahat, Pagkaing Sapat
 Smart Farming Technology (ALPAS) Laban sa COVID-
19 aims to further improve
Source: Department of Agriculture Release the country’s food
https://www.da.gov.ph/food-production-is-equally- adequacy and efficient
important-as-the-war-against-covid-19/ food processing, marketing
and distribution to major
consumption centers.
  PhilRice
 DA-ATI
 PhilMech

Source:http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/762
59292.cms?utm_source=contentofinterest&utm_medium=
text&utm_campaign=cppst

Health and  Contact Tracer  In the Philippines, the

Wellness  Medical Equipment Technician (Mechanical “COVID-19 Frontliners”
Ventilatior Technician) play a very important
 Nursing Assistant role during the health
 Ward Assistant crisis. There is a huge
 Administrative Assistant demand for the
 Ambulance Driver healthcare workers.
 Special Caretaker
 Barangay Health Worker
 Data Encoder
 Workers for Telemedicine

Source: LMI on Health Human Resources (results of

consultation with DOH)

IT-BPM Health and Information Management  IT-BPM and Electronic

 Medical Claims (management, service commerce companies have
delivery, management, representation) been identified as essential
 Worker’s compensation industries.
 Management/Utilization Management
Report
 Medical Coding
 Telemedicine

Information Technology Outsourcing

 Software Development
 Enterprise Technician Architecture
 Database Administration
 Business Analyst

Global In-House Services

 Risk and Compliance Analyst

Contact Center and Business Processing

Outsourcing
 Client Servicing
 Workforce Management
 Business Process Improvement
 Training Quality Assurance

Projected Skills Shortage

 Animation Artistry
 E-Commerce
 Digital Skills
 Web Development and Design
 Search Engine optimization
 Mobile app development
 Audio and video production

 Marketing/Advertising skills
 Digital marketing
 Business intelligence and data
analytics
 Branding and public relations
 Creative design/graphic design

 Other Skills
 Social media coordination and
community management
 Adopting innovation and new
technologies
 Communication for Digital
Transformation
 Business Continuity (Planning and
Management)
 Customer Service

Emerging Skills/Jobs
 Medical Coder
 Robotics Processor
 Automation
 Artificial Intelligence
 Cybersecurity
 Data Analytics
 Virtual Reality

Sources: WSS Survey and Validated Info. from the

Industry; DTI eCommerce TRABAHO/NEGOSYO Digital
Skills Pathways

Logistics  Warehouse Operator  Workers in warehouses that

 Drivers (truck) support transport and global
 Forklift Operator supply chains continue to
 Multimodal Transport Operator work to meet the demands
 Customer Service for essential goods, as well as
 Documentation Clerk increasing demand for online
retail
Source: Meeting with the Industry Association and DTI

Construction  Foreman (more scope)  Note: Due to the continuous

 Leadman (specialized) implementation of the Build
 Heavy Equipment Operator (Earthmoving) Build Build Project, the
o Mixer abovementioned jobs will be
o Bulldozer in-demand.
 o Paver

 Mobile Crane
o Crane Operator

 Sheet filing operator (bridge

 Vibro machine operator
 Survey Aide
 Density Testing Aide
 Rigger
 Hydraulic operators
 Masonry (Steel man, carpentry, tile setting)
 Rebar
 Steel man
 Scaffolder and Rigger
 Rough carpentry
 Mechanical Electrical Plumbing Fire (MEPF)
 Traffic man (installation of protection
devices)
 Rubberized asphalt (asphalting)
 Solar energy
 Mechatronic technology of the HE
 Skills for sea-based construction
 Telecommunication (under water fiber
optic cables)
 Tunnelling (for the subway
 AAC (autoclaved aerated concrete
 GFRC (glass fiber reinforce concrete)
 Electronics, programming (for the green)
 Climate change resilient
 Green construction
 Building Information Model
 Pipefitter
 Carpenter

Source: Industry Consultation, Result of the draft WSS

Survey - Construction Sector

Manufacturing Expansion in Value of Production Index  More demand for critical

 Manufacture of refined petroleum and essential products,
products packaging and raw
 Manufacture of wood and wood products materials
 Manufacture of furniture and fixtures  DTI reports that the
Philippines has the capacity
Expansion in Net Sales Index to manufacture high quality
 Manufacture of Tobacco products medical-grade PPE and
 Food manufacturing face masks.3
 Manufacture of Wood and wood products
 Chemical products

3 https://www.dti.gov.ph/news/locally-manufacture-ppes/
 At least 80% capacity utilization
 Manufacture of machinery except electrical
 Printing
 Textile

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority

Wholesale and  Customer Service Associate The subsectors identified as

retail trade;  Shift Leads essential are:
repair of motor  Store Associate  Essential retail (e.g., groceries.
vehicles and  Cashiers markets, drug stores)
motorcycles  Grocery Bagger  Repair and installation of
 Grocery Storekeeper machinery and equipment
 Janitor  Gasoline stations
 Security Guard
 Vehicle Mechanic
 Gasoline Girl/Boy

Financial and  Teller  Banks, money transfer

insurance  Customer Service services, microfinance
activities institutions, pawnshops, and
credit cooperatives
 Capital Markets

Jobstreet.com, one of Asia’s leading online employment advertising platforms, said in their
August 2020 COVID-19 Job Report the following job functions that will most likely be in
demand in the next 6 months are in accounting (33%), sales/CS/business development (31%),
IT (26%), administration and human resources (24%), and engineering (20%). They are also
much more likely to be at a junior/entry level (78%).
 IV. SKILLS NEEDS

Below are the skills needs based on the identified In-Demand Jobs during the Enhanced
Community Quarantine (ECQ) and their corresponding TESDA Training Regulations (TR):

Industry/Sector Jobs/Skills Requirements Training Regulation

Administration and human
Administrative and support
resources
services activities
Animal producers Animal Production (Poultry-Chicken)
NC II
Community Organization
Construction, Operation and Mgt
of Rice Storage Warehouse
Agriculture, Forestry and Digital Farmers
Fishery
Farm Business Planning
Fishery workers, hunters and Aquaculture NC II
trappers Fish Capture NC II

Manufacture of Farm Implements

Industry/Sector Jobs/Skills Requirements Training Regulation
Market gardeners and crop Agricultural Crops Production NC I
growers Agricultural Crops Production NC II
Agricultural Crops Production NC III
Organic Agriculture Production NC II
Mushroom cultivator
Operation and Management of
Common Rice Machinery Facility
Smart Farming
Steel man Reinforcing Steel Works NC II
AAC (autoclaved aerated
concrete)
Building Information Model
Carpenter Carpentry NC II
Carpentry NC III
Climate change resilient
Density Testing Aide
Electronics, programming (for
the green)
Foreman
GFRC (glass fiber reinforce
concrete)
Green construction
Heavy Equipment Operator - Heavy Equipment Operation
Bulldozer (Bulldozer) NC II
Heavy Equipment Operator - HEO (Transit Mixer) NC II
Construction
Mixer
Heavy Equipment Operator - HEO (Paver) NC II
Paver
Hydraulic operators HEO (Hydraulic Excavator) NC II
Leadman
Masonry (Steel man, carpentry, Masonry NC I
tile setting) Masonry NC II
Masonry NC III
Mechanical Electrical Plumbing
Fire (MEPF)
Mechatronic technology of the
HE
Mobile Crane Operator HEO (Truck Mounted Crane) NC II
Pipefitter Pipefitting (Metallic) NC II
Rebar Reinforcing Steel Works NC II
Rigger Rigging NC I
Rubberized asphalt (asphalting)
 Industry/Sector Jobs/Skills Requirements Training Regulation
Scaffolder and Rigger Scaffolding Works NC II (Supported
Type Scaffold)
Sheet filing operator (bridge
Skills for sea-based construction
Solar energy
Survey Aide
Telecommunication (under water
fiber optic cables)
Traffic man (installation of
protection devices)
Tunnelling (for the subway
Vibro machine operator
Accounting Bookkeeping NC III
Financial and insurance Financial Advisor
activities
Tax Specialist
Administrative Assistant Customer Services NC II
Contact Center Services NC II

Ambulance Driver Driving NC II

Barangay Health Worker Barangay Health Services NC II
Contact Tracer
Data Encoder
Home Health Aides
Medical Equipment Technician Biomedical Equipment Services NC II
(Mechanical Ventilatior
Technician)
Health and Wellness Mental Health Counselors
Nursing Assistant Health Care Services NC II
Nursing Attendant/Admin Aide
Personal Care Aides
Registered Nurse
Respiratory Therapists
Special Caretaker
Telemedicine
Ward Assistant

Adopting innovation and new

technologies
Industry/Sector Jobs/Skills Requirements Training Regulation
Animation Artistry 2D Animation NC III
3D Animation NC III
Animation NC II
Application Developer
Artificial Intelligence
Audio and video production
Automation
Branding and public relations
Business Analyst
Business Continuity (Planning
and Management)
Business intelligence and data
analytics
Business Process Improvement
Business Specialist
Client Servicing
Communication for Digital
Transformation
Computer and Information
Research Scientists
Creative design/graphic design
Customer Service Customer Services NC II
Cybersecurity
Information and Data Analytics
Communications Database Administration
Technology Digital marketing
Enterprise Technician
Architecture
Full Stack Engineer
Javascript Developer
Management/Utilization
Management Report
Medical Claims (management, Medical Coding and Claims Processing
service delivery, management, NC III
representation)
Medical Coder Medical Coding and Claims Processing
NC III
Mobile app development
Project Manager
Risk and Compliance Analyst
Robotics Processor
Sales/CS/business development
Search Engine optimization
SEO Specialist
Social media coordination and
community management
Software Development • Game Programming NC III
• Programming (.Net Technology) NC
III
Industry/Sector Jobs/Skills Requirements Training Regulation
• Programming (Java) NC III
• Programming (Oracle Database) NC
III
Software Engineer
System Analyst
Training Quality Assurance
Translation Specialist
Virtual Reality
Web Development and Design Web Development NC III
Worker’s compensation
Workforce Management
Blacksmiths, toolmakers and Furniture Making (Finishing) NC II
related trades workers
Chemical and photographic Chemical Process Operations NC III
products plant and machine
operators
Food and related products
machine operators
Food processing and related > Food Processing NC I
trades workers > Food Processing NC II
> Food Processing NC III
> Food Processing NC IV
> Slaughtering Operations (Large
Animal) NC II
> Slaughtering Operations (Swine) NC
II
> Fish Products Packaging NC II
Manufacturing
Handicraft workers
Printing trades workers
Process control technicians
Sheet and structural metal > Tool and Die Making NC II
workers, moulders and welders, > Die Designing NC IV
and related workers
Textile, fur and leather products > Dressmaking NC II
machine operators > Tailoring NC II
> Fashion Design (Apparel) NC III

Wood processing and

papermaking plant operators
Wood treaters, cabinet-makers
and related trades workers

Fundraiser
 Industry/Sector Jobs/Skills Requirements Training Regulation
Janitors and Cleaners, Except
Maids and Housekeeping
Social, Community
Cleaners
Development and Other
Security Officer Security Services NC I
Services
Security Services NC II

Customer Service Customer Services NC II

Delivery Specialist

Documentation Clerk

Drivers (truck) Driving (Passenger Bus/Straight Truck)

NC III
Transportation, Driving (Articulated Vehicle) NC III
Communication and Forklift Operator HEO (Forklift) NC II
Storage and Logistics
Multimodal Transport Operator

Shipping, Receiving, and Traffic

Clerks
Stock Clerks and Order Fillers

Warehouse Operator Warehousing Services NC II

Cashiers
Customer Service Associate Customer Services NC II
Driver/Sales Workers Driving NC II
Gasoline Girl/Boy
Grocery Bagger
Grocery Storekeeper
Janitor
Retail Sales Specialist
Salesperson

Wholesale and Retail Trade Security Guard Security Services NC I

Security Services NC II

Shift Leads
Store Associate
Teller
Vehicle Mechanic Automotive Servicing NC I
Automotive Servicing NC II
Automotive Servicing NC III
Automotive Servicing NC IV
Motorcycle/Small Engine Servicing NC
II
 V. TVET CAPACITY
 Enrolled, Graduated, Assessed and Certified per Qualifications, 2019

2019
Industry/Sector Training Regulation
Enrollment Graduates Assessed Certified
Animal Production (Poultry-Chicken) NC II 4,449 3,442 5,707 5,452
Aquaculture NC II 401 281 1,590 1,531

Fish Capture NC II 80 48 89 89
Agriculture,
Forestry and Agricultural Crops Production NC I 3,702 3,120 6,449 6,302
Fishery
Agricultural Crops Production NC II 5,020 3,820 15,520 14,620
Agricultural Crops Production NC III 3,505 2,504 7,153 6,881

Organic Agriculture Production NC II 20,909 16,535 33,601 32,228

Reinforcing Steel Works NC II 270 253

Carpentry NC II 12,519 9,204 15,908 15,008

Carpentry NC III 45 49 204 192

Heavy Equipment Operation (Bulldozer) NC II 975 815 1,343 1,309

HEO (Transit Mixer) NC II 140 132

HEO (Paver) NC II
HEO (Hydraulic Excavator) NC II 3,773 3,368 7,994 7,795
Construction
Masonry NC I 2,032 1,565 2,087 1,963
Masonry NC II 6,716 5,246 9,449 8,975

Masonry NC III 50 43 84 78
HEO (Truck Mounted Crane) NC II 100 75 1,520 1,510

Pipefitting (Metallic) NC II 3,564 2,932 5,684 5,590

Rigging NC I 25 25 3,269 3,254

Scaffolding Works NC II (Supported Type Scaffold) 4,068 3,665 1,039 1,000

Bookkeeping NC III
Financial and
insurance 11,136 9,537 43,272 29,856
activities

Barangay Health Services NC II 345 344 721 679

Health and Contact Center Services NC II 16,288 13,812

Wellness Biomedical Equipment Services NC II 113 58 268 231
Health Care Services NC II 4,722 2,900 8,743 8,535
2D Animation NC III 545 573 2,317 2,061
Information and
Communications 3D Animation NC III 480 527 1,153 928
Technology
Animation NC II 714 721 3,244 2,647
 2019
Industry/Sector Training Regulation
Enrollment Graduates Assessed Certified

Medical Coding and Claims Processing NC III

Game Programming NC III 11 -

Programming (.Net Technology) NC III
Programming (Java) NC III
Programming (Oracle Database) NC III
Web Development NC III
Furniture Making (Finishing) NC II 142 115 61 60

Chemical Process Operations NC III

Food Processing NC I
Food Processing NC II 4,135 3,676 18,892 18,263

Food Processing NC III

Food Processing NC IV
Slaughtering Operations (Large Animal) NC II 24 24 662 651
Manufacturing
Slaughtering Operations (Swine) NC II 1,064 780 1,087 1,041

Fish Products Packaging NC II

Tool and Die Making NC II
Die Designing NC IV
Dressmaking NC II 13,250 11,663 21,725 19,931

Tailoring NC II 1,552 1,270 1,690 1,498

Fashion Design (Apparel) NC III

Driving (Passenger Bus/Straight Truck) NC III 1,350 1,261 6,150 5,962

Transportation,
Communication Driving (Articulated Vehicle) NC III 117 116 2,163 2,090
and Storage and
Logistics HEO (Forklift) NC II 2,796 2,540 11,703 11,328

Warehousing Services NC II 68 59

Automotive Servicing NC I 18,141 14,387 33,680 31,093

Automotive Servicing NC II 9,756 9,223 28,962 27,003

Wholesale and
Automotive Servicing NC III 241 224 1,056 987
Retail Trade
Automotive Servicing NC IV 67 177 691 561

Motorcycle/Small Engine Servicing NC II 1,700 957 4,251 3,833

Customer Services NC II 448 348 2,564 2,541

Multi- Driving NC II 35,663 31,564 53,825 51,253

industry/Sector Security Services NC I 502 408 524 510
Security Services NC II 1,145 1,061 2,256 2,141
  Number of Registered Programs as of December 2019

Industry/Sector Training Regulation Registered Program

Animal Production (Poultry-Chicken) NC II 56
Aquaculture NC II 18
Fish Capture NC II 1
Agriculture, Forestry and Agricultural Crops Production NC I
Fishery 61
Agricultural Crops Production NC II 104
Agricultural Crops Production NC III 64
Organic Agriculture Production NC II 250
Reinforcing Steel Works NC II
Carpentry NC II 181
Carpentry NC III 5
Heavy Equipment Operation (Bulldozer) NC II 36
HEO (Transit Mixer) NC II
HEO (Paver) NC II
HEO (Hydraulic Excavator) NC II 65
Construction
Masonry NC I 36
Masonry NC II 152
Masonry NC III 2
HEO (Truck Mounted Crane) NC II 4
Pipefitting (Metallic) NC II 42
Rigging NC I 6
Scaffolding Works NC II (Supported Type Scaffold) 3
Financial and insurance Bookkeeping NC III
activities 539
Barangay Health Services NC II 20
Contact Center Services NC II 192
Health and Wellness
Biomedical Equipment Services NC II 2
Health Care Services NC II 243
2D Animation NC III 52
3D Animation NC III 38
Animation NC II 35
Medical Coding and Claims Processing NC III
Information and Game Programming NC III
Communications Technology 3
Programming (.Net Technology) NC III
Programming (Java) NC III
Programming (Oracle Database) NC III
Web Development NC III
 Industry/Sector Training Regulation Registered Program
Furniture Making (Finishing) NC II 4
Chemical Process Operations NC III
Food Processing NC I
Food Processing NC II 95
Food Processing NC III
Food Processing NC IV
Slaughtering Operations (Large Animal) NC II 7
Manufacturing
Slaughtering Operations (Swine) NC II 20
Fish Products Packaging NC II
Tool and Die Making NC II
Die Designing NC IV
Dressmaking NC II 204
Tailoring NC II 27
Fashion Design (Apparel) NC III
Driving (Passenger Bus/Straight Truck) NC III

21
Transportation, Driving (Articulated Vehicle) NC III
Communication and Storage
and Logistics 6
HEO (Forklift) NC II

58
Automotive Servicing NC I 292
Automotive Servicing NC II 331
Wholesale and Retail Trade Automotive Servicing NC III 11
Automotive Servicing NC IV 4
Motorcycle/Small Engine Servicing NC II 63
Customer Services NC II 14
Driving NC II 404
Multi-industry/Sector
Security Services NC I 49
Security Services NC II 70

 Number of competency assessors and assessment centers as of October 2020

Competency Assessment
Industry/Sector Training Regulation
Assessors Centers
Animal Production (Poultry-Chicken) NC II 119 39
Agriculture, Aquaculture NC II 30 9
Forestry and
Fishery Fish Capture NC II 2 1
Agricultural Crops Production NC I 68 47
 Competency Assessment
Industry/Sector Training Regulation
Assessors Centers
Agricultural Crops Production NC II 189 87
Agricultural Crops Production NC III 98 38
Organic Agriculture Production NC II 275 121
Reinforcing Steel Works NC II 8 3
Carpentry NC II 206 113
Carpentry NC III 29 14
Heavy Equipment Operation (Bulldozer) NC II 39 26
HEO (Transit Mixer) NC II 5 4
HEO (Paver) NC II 2 1
HEO (Hydraulic Excavator) NC II 84 53
Construction
Masonry NC I 52 43
Masonry NC II 154 110
Masonry NC III 23 9
HEO (Truck Mounted Crane) NC II 17 13
Pipefitting (Metallic) NC II 44 2
Rigging NC I 18 14
Scaffolding Works NC II (Supported Type
29 30
Scaffold)
Financial and
insurance Bookkeeping NC III 300 276
activities
Health and Barangay Health Services NC II 22 21
Wellness
Contact Center Services NC II
Biomedical Equipment Services NC II 5 3

Health Care Services NC II 171 77

2D Animation NC III 35 12

3D Animation NC III 12 12

Animation NC II 28 15
Information
Medical Coding and Claims Processing NC III 1
and
Communicatio Game Programming NC III 1
ns Technology
Programming (.Net Technology) NC III

Programming (Java) NC III

Programming (Oracle Database) NC III

 Competency Assessment
Industry/Sector Training Regulation
Assessors Centers
Web Development NC III 5 7

Furniture Making (Finishing) NC II 7 2

Chemical Process Operations NC III
Food Processing NC I
Food Processing NC II 188 72
Food Processing NC III
Food Processing NC IV

Manufacturing Slaughtering Operations (Large Animal) NC II 1 3

Slaughtering Operations (Swine) NC II 24 13
Fish Products Packaging NC II
Tool and Die Making NC II
Die Designing NC IV
Dressmaking NC II 249 124
Tailoring NC II 45 31
Fashion Design (Apparel) NC III
Transportation,
Communicatio
Driving (Passenger Bus/Straight Truck) NC III 105 55
n and Storage
and Logistics
Driving (Articulated Vehicle) NC III 31 23
HEO (Forklift) NC II 87 55
Automotive Servicing NC I 162 147
Automotive Servicing NC II 226 168
Wholesale and
Automotive Servicing NC III 15 10
Retail Trade
Automotive Servicing NC IV 8 7
Motorcycle/Small Engine Servicing NC II 116 65
Customer Services NC II 27 13

Multi- Driving NC II 498 259

industry/Sector Security Services NC I 30 10
Security Services NC II 55 21
VI. TESDA Initiatives

1. Oplan TESDA Abot Lahat: TVET Towards a New Normal

TESDA has crafted its operational plan in response to the COVID-19 pandemic
according to its mandate of providing Technical-Vocational Education and Training
(TVET). The mission of the plan is “for the agency to contribute to the nation’s food,
health and job security, and be able to adapt to a ‘new normal’ state in carrying out its
mandate of providing skills to Filipinos and a job and livelihood after.” The objective of
the plan is “to come up with relevant policies and programs to help society adjust to the
new normal that are agile and flexible.

In line with this plan, the sectors that will be prioritized in technical education and skills
development are Agriculture, Health, ICT, and Construction. Scholarship programs, as
well as development and review of TRs will focus on these sectors.

Flexible and dynamic training delivery methods are also being developed by utilizing
mobile training vans and mobile learning facilitators under the TTIs in the conduct of
trainings in the communities/barangays, along with multi-dimensional/cross sectoral
program packages, especially in agriculture which can be delivered in the communities
using the family farms or barangay lots as laboratories. ICT-based modality in the
conduct of training programs, including the TESDA Online Program (TOP), shall be
utilized.

2. TESDA Online Program

The TESDA Online Program (TOP) is one of the TESDA's initiatives while face-to-face
trainings are not allowed. TOP can be accessed through the TESDA App, downloadable
from Google Play and Apple Store. Currently, the TOP offers a total of 68 online courses,
available to all who would like to acquire new skills in the convenience their own homes
thru computers and mobile phones.

3. Integrated Organic Farming System Program (IOFSP)

TESDA has launched the Integrated Organic Farming System Program (IOFSP) which
aims to integrate production systems such as dairy, poultry, livestock, fishery,
horticulture, apiculture, sericulture, among others with agriculture crop production as
its base, increase farm resources-use efficiency, and maintain environmental quality and
ecological stability. The target beneficiaries are the farmer-beginners, farmers, out-of-
school youth, Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs), Indigenous People, rebel returnees,
and other individuals who are interested to learn agri-fishery. In addition, qualified
 trainees shall be trained for free. This program is essential as the need for food security
arises amid the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, TESDA Technology
Institutions (TTIs), community farms, and farm schools will be utilized as organic farming
training grounds in the country. Family farms and other farm schools will be registered
with at least four integrated farm subsystem programs, while TTIs will serve as the
demonstration farm system of IOFSP. TTIs should have at least 500 square meters of
lot; IOFS Curriculum; Site layout based on actual inspection of training facilities, tools,
equipment, supplies, and materials; and List of qualified trainers.

4. Scholarship Program for the Rice Extension Services Program (RESP)

The Rice Extension Services Program (RESP) is a component of the Rice Competitiveness
Enhancement Fund (RCEF) under RA 11203 otherwise known as the Rice Liberalization
Act. The beneficiaries of the scholarship program for RESP are all rice farmers,
farmworkers, and their dependents listed in the Registry System for Basic Sector in
Agriculture (RSBSA), rice cooperative and association members. TESDA shall collaborate
with other government agencies for the implementation of the program.

5. Free Skills Training on Contact Tracing

As its response to prevent the spread of COVID-19, TESDA developed competency

standards on Contact Tracing Level II in partnership with the Department of Health, and
has been offering it as a free training program through the TESDA Technology
Institutions.

6. Free Skills Training for returning/former OFWs

OFWs who have returned to the country, and/or who have lost their jobs during the
pandemic are among the target beneficiaries of TESDA’s scholarship programs for
training, as well as free assessment.
 VII. WAY FORWARD

Re-skilling is identified as one of the key thrusts in the economic recovery of the country,
TESDA as the authority in technical vocational education and training will definitely play a
critical role to help the country rise from the devastating impact of COVID-19 to the
Philippines, especially to those individuals whose possessed skills became obsolete in the
“New Normal”.
In order for TVET programs to be responsive on the needs of the in-demand jobs during
the COVID-19 pandemic, the following are recommended for TESDA.

 TESDA has to develop new TRs and training programs, as well as update the existing
TRs and training programs, to be more relevant and responsive to the labor market
needs. The updating of TRs and training programs should have the minimum health
standards in place and enforced. Continuous consultation with industry and other
relevant stakeholders is necessary to determine the skills priorities. The following
identified jobs still do not have TESDA TRs:

Industry/Sector Jobs/Skills Requirements

Construction, Operation and Mgt of Rice Storage Warehouse
Farm Business Planning
Manufacture of Farm Implements
Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery
Mushroom cultivator
Operation and Management of Common Rice Machinery Facility
Smart Farming
AAC (autoclaved aerated concrete)
Building Information Model
Density Testing Aide
Electronics, programming (for the green)
Foreman
GFRC (glass fiber reinforce concrete)
Construction Green construction
Leadman
Mechanical Electrical Plumbing Fire (MEPF)
Mechatronic technology of the HE
Rubberized asphalt (asphalting)
Sheet filing operator (bridge
Skills for sea-based construction
 Industry/Sector Jobs/Skills Requirements
Solar energy
Survey Aide
Telecommunication (under water fiber optic cables)
Traffic man (installation of protection devices)
Tunnelling (for the subway
Vibro machine operator
Financial and insurance activities Financial Advisor
Contact Tracer
Data Encoder
Home Health Aides
Mental Health Counselors
Health and Wellness Nursing Attendant/Admin Aide
Personal Care Aides
Special Caretaker
Telemedicine
Ward Assistant
Application Developer
Artificial Intelligence
Audio and video production
Automation
Branding and public relations
Business Analyst
Business Continuity (Planning and Management)
Cybersecurity
Data Analytics
Information and
Database Administration
Communications Technology
Digital marketing
Enterprise Technician Architecture
Full Stack Engineer
Javascript Developer
Management/Utilization Management Report
Mobile app development
Project Manager
Risk and Compliance Analyst
Robotics Processor
 Industry/Sector Jobs/Skills Requirements
Sales/CS/business development
Search Engine optimization
SEO Specialist
Social media coordination and community management
Software Engineer
System Analyst
Training Quality Assurance
Translation Specialist
Virtual Reality
Worker’s compensation
Workforce Management
Food and related products machine operators
Handicraft workers
Printing trades workers
Manufacturing
Process control technicians
Wood processing and papermaking plant operators
Wood treaters, cabinet-makers and related trades workers

Social, Community Development

Janitors and Cleaners, Except Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners
and Other Services

Delivery Specialist
Documentation Clerk
Transportation, Communication
Multimodal Transport Operator
and Storage and Logistics
Shipping, Receiving, and Traffic Clerks
Stock Clerks and Order Fillers
Cashiers
Retail Sales Specialist
Salesperson
Wholesale and Retail Trade
Shift Leads
Store Associate
Teller

 Strengthen the implementation of programs related to agriculture, logistics, ICT and

Constructions as these are identified as sectors with positive growth in the new
normal. Coordination with the key players in the said sectors should be undertaken
 so that the agency will determine what are the specific requirements of the sectors
and what are the support, TESDA can provide.

 TESDA should continue providing scholarship grants, especially for related

qualifications that are in-demand or required during and post-pandemic, and for
those workers who have been displaced and are looking at employment in available
jobs both locally and overseas.

 TESDA needs to strengthen its flexible training mechanisms to be able to address

the skills needs more efficiently and effectively, provided that the minimum health
standards are met. This should include development of learning materials and
capacitating trainers to the new system. Likewise, necessary support to public and
private institutions should be considered, to ensure that the quality of the TVET
programs will not be sacrificed despite of the new mechanisms that will be adopted.

 On MSMEs, clear policy on the assistance that will be provided to this sector in terms
of skills training should be formulated. Dialogues with the players in the MSMEs
should be accelerated to determine the necessary interventions. This can be done
at the national and local level to quickly response to the need of this sector.

 TESDA to continuously improve the content and other mechanisms of the TESDA
Online Program in providing learning opportunities to the Filipinos who would like
to learn new skills through online learning. Also, the development of online
programs on qualifications under the sectors with significant growth should be
prioritized.

 TESDA to collaborate with other government, non-government agencies, and key

industry players on the skills requirements of the new/emerging jobs during the
pandemic and in preparation for the “New Normal”. This is to provide immediate
assistance in the skills training of the prospective workers, including those who were
displaced, by providing them the competencies that are needed in the workplace.

 Essential skills and socio-emotional skills would be very vital as the economy is
transforming into “New Normal”. These competencies once acquired would help
TVET graduates easily adopt in the fast-changing requirements in the workplace
brought by the current situation. TESDA’s role is not only in ensuring that this is part
of the standard but most especially in the delivery of training and evaluation of the
acquisition of learning.
VIII. REFERENCES

Aldaba, F. T. (2020) Building Confidence Towards Economic Recovery. Presentation during

the 8th Supply Chain Analytics (SCAn) Networks Hub E-Forum: Light at the end of
the tunnel? An Assessment of the Philippine Economic Recovery Program 15
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Asian Institute of Management. Rethink work arrangements: Telework Potential in the

Philippines Webinar
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3/

Baker, Mary. (2020) 9 Future of Work Trends Post-COVID-19. Retrieved from:

https://www.gartner.com/smarterwithgartner/9-future-of-work-trends-post-covid-
19/

Burning Glass Technologies (2020). Filling the Lifeboats Getting Americans Back to Work in
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Burning Glass Technologies (2020). Tracking COVID-19 Impact in Six Countries. Retrieved
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Dingel, J.I. and Nieman, B. (2020) How Many Jobs Can be Done at Home? Retrieved from:
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International Labour Organization. Helping the gig economy work better for gig workers.
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Jobstreet.com (August 2020). COVID-19 Job Report. Retrieved from:

https://www.jobstreet.com.ph/en/cms/employer/laws-of-attraction/covid-19-job-
report/

Kosanovich, Karen. (2018) A Look At Contingent Workers. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
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workers/pdf/contingent-workers.pdf

Lewis, Gregory. “The Most In-Demand Jobs Right Now”. Retrieved from:
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Republic Act No.11469 “Bayanihan to Heal As One Act”.