VOLUME XXV NUMBER 1 FIRST QUARTER 1985

MODERN STEEL
CONSTRUCTION
Exchanging Times in Chicago's South Loop
The Leading Edge in Industry Trends
The Symphony of Steel's Flexibility Continues
A Fast Track for a Fast Track
1984 AISC Prize Bridge Awards
 DECK DESIGN DATA SHEEt.
~___ No.5
ASIMPLE REVIEW PROCEDURE FOR DETERMINING THE NEGATIVE MOMENT
CAPACITY OF REINFORCED SLABS FORMED ON STEEL DECK.
P

t= total slab thickness. from bottom of deck to top of slab. inches.

P= pitch of deck (center to center of ribs), inches.
dd= depth of deck, inches
d = d.istance to center of reinforcing steel from bottom of deck, inches.
As = area of reinforcing steel (not the deck), sq. inches/ ft.
bp = average width of one rib, inches.
b = 12 (b p )/? inches per ft. of width.
Conventional reinforcement concrete design procedures apply - such as
the elastic method from ACI 318-63.
f'e= 3ooo PSi } P= A./bd
fe= 1350 psi k= V2 pn+(pn)'-pn
f.=3oooo psi example values
n=9 j= 1-k/ 3
Me=0fekjbd 2 (or) M.= A.f.jd (least value governs, inch pounds)
UNITED STEEL DECK, INC. PRO FILE w/ h bp P b
1.5" Lok-Floor 3.85 6 12 6
2" Lok-Floor 3 6 12 6
3" Lok- F loor 2 6 12 6
N-Lok 0.75 2.25 8 3.375
B-Lok 1.5 2.25 6 4.5
Inverted B-Lok 2.5 3.75 6 7.5

Notes 1.1If the deck IS unshored (dUring the pour) the deSign moment does not need
to mclude the weight of the slab .
2.) ThiS desIgn procedure IS applicable for either composite or non-composite deck
3.' The w/ h values are used to determme stud strength If composite beams
are bemg used Note that N Lok IS not effiCient for composite beams

'-L.>L \ " '-V'--'I)'-JL-=<:::L...J N ICH 0 LA S I. BO URA S, INC.

PO BOX 66'2. 475 SPRINCFl l l D AV[ .
SU,\ 1\1IT NlW IlRS~Y07901 <'2011277 1617 ASSOCIAtE MEM BER
•

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LUKENS STEEL COMPANY
586 Services BUilding
I CoateSVIlle. PA 19320
I
I
right I Please send me a copy of your brochure. LUKENS CONSTRUCTIONAL I

•
I PLATE STEelS I
I I
now
NAME

I TITLE
COMPANY _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
I
I I
L __________________
ADDRESS

I CITY STATE ZIP I~

MODERN
CONSTRUCTION
Published by
•
American Inslltute
of Steel Construction
The Wngley Build ing VOLUME XXV NUMBER 1 FIRST OUARTER 1985
400 North Michigan Avenue
Chicago, Illinois 60611

OFFICERS CONTENTS
John H. Busch, Chairman One Financial Place; Exchanging Times in South Loop 5
Werner H. Quasebarth, Computer Goes In-House: Leading Edge
First Vtce Chairman in Industry Trends 15
Norman G. Ridenhour. Stoneman Building: A Symphony in Flexibility 21
Second VICe Chairman Rockingham Park: Fast Track for a Fast Track 24
Oscar W. Stewart, Jr., Treasurer 1984 AISC Prize Bridge Awards 27
Neil W. Zundel, Presidenl
William W. Lanigan,
Secretary & General Counsel
Geemard Haaljer I

Va President, Research & Englneenng

LeWIs Brunner, 1985 INTERNATIONAL ENGINEERING SYMPOSIUM
Vice President, Marl<.eting OFFERS UNIQUE OPPORTUNITY
The 1985 International Engineering SymposIUm on Structural Steel, JOintly
sponsored by the Ameflcan InsMute 01 Steel Construcllon and the ca.
EOITORIAL STAFF nadran Instrtute of Steel Construction, offers a unrque opportunity for th
internallonal englneenng communrty to hear some of the world's leading
George E. Harper, Editor of Publications
authofltles In structural engineering research and deSign. The SymposIUm,
Amy Kragnes. Editorial Assistant
May 22-24 at the Palmer House In Chicago, replaces the annual AISC
James Herman. BUSiness
Nallonal Engineering Conference for 1985.
The host crty has Magmflcent examples of steel construcllon. including
three of the tallest bUildings In the US. One steel-framed hrgh-flse now
under constructron, Northwestern Atflum Center. will be the sublect of a
REGIONAL OFFICES special panel analyzing deCISion making processes durrng framing ma-
terraf selection. Experts from the Far East wrll diSCUSS steel's Impact on
NORTHEAST REGION
that reglon's dynamiC economic growth as one speaker focuses on high-
New York. NY (Hdq ) 212,695- 4291
rrse construction, another on trends In cable-stayed brrdges. SeismiC de-
Basion. MA 6171329 7417
Philadelphia PA 609/858 9354
sign, Wind acllon problems, cable structures and space frames wJ/l recerve
PllIsburgh. PA 412/4438840 special allentlon. Sessions on advances In short-span steel brrdge desrgn
SOUTHERN REGION and brrdge retrofJttlng are scheduled. Canadian Input Includes develop-
AlIanla. GA (Hdq ) 404·45~ 7679 ments In limit states deSign and research on steel plate sheer walls.
Charlolle. NC 704541 0960 In addllIon to Innovallon and economy, quality assurance rs one of the
Dallas. TX 214630 5236 most Important aspects of steel constructron. Specific emphasIs wJ/l in-
Houston, TX 713/270 <;363 clude the effect of weld repa"s by a representatrve of England's Welding
CENTRAL REGION Instrtute and quality assurance procedures by an Amerrcan specialist.
Chicago. IL (Hdq ) 312/670 2400 For more detailed Informatron. turn to the ad on pg. 20 of thiS rssue
Detroit. MI 313/352 5558
Minneapolis, MN 61218883791
SI LoUIs. MO 3\41721 1332
WESTERN REGION
Los Angeles CA (Hdq ) 818i4444519

•
Denver CO 3038314622
San FrancIsco. CA 415·932 0909
AISC HEADOUARTERS
Chicago, IL 312/670 2400
GOVERNMENTAL
AFFAIRS
Washington , 0 C 202/466 5548 ...
4 MODERN STEEL CONSTRUCTION
 One Financial Place:
. Exchanging Times in the South Loop
by Raymond S. Clark and John Zils

urbs. was to be operated by the Regional

R ecent developments In Chlcagos
south Loop are rapidly transforming
what was once one of the cltys maJor rail
1950's and the later relocalion of a con
sol,dated Amtrak passenger service to
Chicago's Union Station eliminated the
Transportation Aulhorlty (RTA) The Orlgl'
nal stallon and baggage handling faCilities
transportation centers of the past Into an need for a malor rail terminal at LaSalle from Van Buren Street to Congress Park·
extension of the LaSalle Street financial Street Station As time and the forces of way were raled In t979 and the site was
district. an Exchange Center of the future nature took thelf toll on the faCilities. rail· cleared and prepared lor new construc-
Since t902. the LaSalle Street Railroad road offiCials deCided to abandon the lion
Station served as the primary metropolitan bUilding Planning began for a new
terminal handling passengers. mall and smaller passenger terminal. to be located New Development
railway express for the Chicago. Rock Is· south of the Original terminal The new ter The flfst proJect to be developed In thiS
land and PaCIfic and New York Central mlnal. Intended to accommodate the com· Loop area was the addition 10 Ihe Chicago
Railroads The 13·story stalion house. al puter rail traffiC serving the southwest sub· Board of Trade BUilding (CBOT) ThiS t983
Van Buren Street between LaSalle and AISC Award-Winning faCility IS located
Sherman Streets served as the northern· north of Van Buren Street (see Fig 1) In
most elemenl In a series of railroad facll· t980 construction began on the new Chi.
,t,es. elevated track structures and bag· cago Board Options Exchange (CBOE) a
gage and freight handling bUildings $50-mllhon trading and office faCility Lo-
stretching several blocks to the south. The cated on the slle of Ihe Original LaSalle
declining rail passenger traffiC of Ihe Sireel Sialion. Ihe nlne,slory bUilding has

_
aymand S Clark IS an associate and prOject
engineer With Skidmore. OWings and Merrrll
Chicago UlinolS
John lds ,s an aSSOCiate partner and senior
SirUClura! engineer With Skidmore Owings
and Mcrn In Ch cago 11111')015

ArtiSt's rendeflng of prO/eel/rom southwest

showmg Board of Trade and add/tIOn.
Chicago Board of OptIons Exchange and One
Fmanclal Place

•
 been occupied and operational s,nce Feb- Iween Ihe CBOE and MSE operallons. pro- were the adjacency of the new CBOE
ruary 1984 The latest addition 10 this ex- vISion was necessary for adequate secu- bUilding to the north and Ihe eXisting rail-
ciling devloplng COrridor IS One Financial rity for Ihe separate exchanges. their road bridge and abulment wall to Ihe
Place. a 39-story one-million sq It office computer faCilities and vault areas. Crea- south Bolh struclures are bUilt adlacent •
tower between LaSalle Streel and Finan- lure comtort was an Issue because of the to the property line A more Important con-
cial Place (formerly Sherman Street) and heavy expressway traffic below the low- straint than the above grade structure was
CBOE and Congress Parkway A partic- rise bUilding and the almost continuous the eXlsllng caisson foundations for Ihese
ularly unique feature of the One Financial commuter train acllvlly Immediately south two adjacent structures The foundations.
Place proleclls the Six-StOry 85.000-sq It of the bUlldlllg Sound and vlbrallon read- In most cases. projected over the property
low-rise structure located south of the Ings were taken throughout the site to de- line at bell elevation EXisting bells were of
tower and directly over the eight-lane Con- termine the acousllcal/damplng reqUIre- varying sizes and located at depths from
gress Parkway (Eisenhower Expressway) ments for the new structure -49 It Chicago City Datum (CCO) to -50 ft.
This faclilly features the new trading floor In addition to MSE program reqUIre- The CBOE caissons were constructed In
for the Midwest Stock Exchange. as well ments. the development was Intended 10 t980 while the bfldge caissons were
as the new RT A Commuler Station It IS house new commuter slat Ion facllliles The placed In t 946 and 1951 It was soon rec-
sited upon the railroad bridge structure RTA program called for a waiting room. ognized that the size of a typical floor In
originally constructed to allow trains to tlckel offices. rest rooms and office space Ihe new office tower would be dependent
pass over the expressway and Into LaSalle The new station was reqUIred to be self- on placement of exterior columns. some-
Streel Sialion contained and separated from other bUild- what predetermined by the clearances
Ing tunctlons Since the eXisting bridge IS available to the neighbOring caissons
Building lor the Future the only means of access from the south Structural systems selection was also af-
Arch!teclural programming of Ihe One F,- commuter platforms 10 the north Side of fected by the foundation bearing capacity
nanCial Place project took Into consider- Ihe expressway It was necessary to pro- of the hard clay strata and effects of plac-
ation numerous phYSical. Junctional and Vide concourses Ihrough the low-rise Ing new tower caissons extremely close to
marketing aspects It was the owner s de- bUilding Inlo Ihe tower and down to the CBOE and bridge caissons
sire to produce a fll st ·class bUilding re- ground level The peak rush-hour pedes-
sponsive to the needs of the major tenant. Irian traffic on the concourses IS approXi- Foundation Constraints
the Midwest Siock Exchange (MSE) While mately t 5,000 passengers Foundation deSign studies were based on
p,ov,d,ng slale-of-Ihe-arl serVices for the Preliminary slructural systems devel an Original deSign concept calling for a 40-
general office tenanl enVironment. MSE opment began With a general knowledge 10 50-story bUilding. With perimeter frame
funcllonal requirements Included a of Ihe functional requirements of Ihe bUild- columns spaced at 15 It 0 c. and a 40-11
25.000 sq It clear·span Iradlng floor ex- Ing In an attempt 10 use the entire site and Wide shear core. The reinforced concrete .
lenSlve com puler systems Installallon an maXimize Ihe size of Ihe typical floor. sys- schemes studied were found 10 be too
uninterruptable power source and special tems studies proceeded In reinforced con- massive The heavy concrele structural
mechanical support faCilities While II was crete. structural sleel and composite dead loads limited the total number of
desH able to maintain a direct access be- frame The predominant site constraints floors Ihat could be constructed. given the
restrlcllve adjacency constraint. A struc-
Fig " Elevation lookmg east at recently tural steel tube-frame bUilding With verti-
developed office and tradmg tacilities. cally braced core produced the lightest
and most effiCient structural system The
program requirement for 1000.000 sq 11
was attainable. while allOWing for a cost
effective caisson solution. Due to the ad-
lacency Ilmltalions. four alternative solu-
1
tions were generated All four solutions
were evalualed on the baSIS of cost. con-
struction lime and Impact upon the archl-
lectural program requirements. With solu-
tion No 4 selected as the most
/ appropriate
Rock caissons Installed Into bedrock at
90 It CCO ThiS alternative would allow
~
r T I for a much heaVier bUilding. but was
relected due to the Increased cost
,. .
, ,
: 1-:- - - -- (nearly $750000 more Ihan hardpan
.---. -- caissons) and the extended foundallon

I,~:
I
construction time

TON£R
2 Belled caissons at ·5011 CCO (same as
AroITON o . uCAGO
BOARDOF' BOARD a>T'OIS CBOE) wllh a bearing pressure of 16 .
TRAOE EXCHI'.NGE ks!. ThiS solution would have reqUired
ONE
FINANCIAL extremely large caisson bells for the an-
PLACE
-- IIclpated perimeter column loads Since
the bell eleveatlon IS the same as CBOE
I clearance must be maintained between

6 MODERN STEEL CONSTRUCTION

 bells. reqUIring that pen meter cotumns With columns spaced al 15-ft cenlers (see
be moved Inward from the property line. Fig 2) The lube IS complemented In the

•
and reducing the typical floor size This north. south direction by t~e five 40-ft Wide
alternallve was relected as Inconsistent vertically K- braced core trusses The com-
with the baSIC programming oblectlve bination of tube and core braCing In a 39
to maximize the typical floor size story bUilding made It poSSible to fune the
3 Similar to 2 abeve. except provide the structure thereby maximizing the effi-
deSired floor size and extenor tube gnd ciency of beth systems and opllmlzlng the
abeve grade and shift the vertical fram- use 01 material Wind resistance was ad·
Ing system Inward toward the core at lusted Ihrough the vanalion of column
grade level This shift In exterior column spandrel proportions and core braCing
placement away from adlacent caiS- member sizes ThiS Iterative process was
Fig 3. TYPical 45 corner spandrel condition
sons was to be accomplished uSing an accomplished uSing a Single quadrant
and cantilevered floor slabs. creallng bay
elaborate transfer system of tension ties unlumped com puler model representallve wmdow artlculal/on
and grade beams The alternative was 01 the doubly symmetrical structural sys-
relected due to cost and complexity tem The Iinal dlstnbullon 01 gravity and and time The typical erection unit for the
Wind lorces between exterior tube and perimeter frame was the standard two-Iler
4 Belled caissons extended to the deep core resulted In an optimum balance 01 shop labncated column spandrel tree
hardpan ctay stratum at 70 ft CCD. at stress and drill control The column-to-spandrel moment connec
or lust above an extremety dense layer Core columns conSist of cover plated tlons were shOp welded uSing a combl
of saturated Sill and haVing a bearing Wt4x730 shapes al Ihe base and reduce nation 01 partial penetration and relnforc
capacity of 40 ksf The solution allowed to W 14x68 at the rool penthouse Core Ing IllIet welds SpeCial ' oflsel spandrel
for perimeter caisson shaft placement braCing members are double WT5 erection units were reqUIred at the me
very near the property lines and unob- shapes Tube columns are Wide-flange chanlcal ptenums (two bays north fa
structed bell placement at the deeper shapes bUIII·up as three plate weldments cade) and at the 45 chamfered corners
etevatlon Special drilling procedures for the lower lour floors then transilloning of the tube In these locations flange con·
and permanent steet shaft liners were to slandard rolled shapes ranging Irom tlnulty plates were employed (Fig 3)
reqUIred when dnlling close to eXisting W36 to W27 Spandrel beams range In
carsson bells Geotechnical analYSIS re- size lrom W36x300 to W27x84 All e"erlor Tower Floor Framing
vealed that the new caissons. property columns are 50 kSI matenal except the up- The IYPlcal floor Iramlng system conSists
constructed at an elevation 10 to 20 ft permost seven levels 01 36 kSI Spandrel of composite beams uSing standard rolled
below adlacent bells. would have neg- beams are 36 kSI Due to the stress levels shapes W21 spanning 40 It and W24
IIglble effects on the CBOE or bridge In Ihe tube Irame. continuity plales and spanning 45 It All beams are spaced on
• structures web doubler plates were 'YPlcalty not re - the tube gild at 15 It 0 c except wllere
QUired again redUCing fabrication costs heaVier loadings reqUIred 75-ft or 5-ft
Tower Structural System spacing Typical all Ice slab framing con-
The structural steet framing system was SiStS 013-ln noncellular 16-ga composite
selected for several reasons Fig. 2. Framing and steel structural system for melat deck spanning 15 It With a 2' In
Reduction In total weight of bUilding both tower and fow-nse bUlldmgs.
structure to faCIlitate the foundation de-
sign
2 Speed of erection. allOWing for a com-
pressed construction time and earlier
& J
MSE occupancy
3 Long term fleXibility In accommodating J tJ!11l111 n~~ INTERFACE
FRAMING

J~ O~~-~ ~
speCial tenant reqUIrements EXTERIOR
",II! FRAMED TUBE
","
The 39-story 1.095000-sq ft tower IS 3:1-

*-~
MERIOR CORE
comprised of a Single basement. bUilding ~~ l-
K-SRACED
TRUSSES
lobby pedestrian concourse at Level 2. on
36 office floors and a private hotet at Level
39 The t20x21O-ft tower has a lease span
of 40 ft north and south of the core and 45 •
.1.
I 11111 liT T7 BRACED C1APf-R'GM
INTERFACE

~ ~ ~
1 I
ft at the east and west ends of the typical
floor The exterior tube column gnd IS t 5
ft a c With a central core spanning 40 II
The typical floor area IS approximately
~~
~ti
12~
",on !!
5>
-a
I
1_=----
--1- -----< > ,

~ ~ =;=\ ,j
!>
25.000 sq ft ~iI! EXISTING
~ CONCRETE PIER
The structural concept was to opllmlze
~~ I STRUCTURE

1j
• teral and gravity systems to produce the W·..J
.1
Simplest. most effiCient use of matenals.
• U~=r=.-r-. ._:::CLUJ
yet sallsfy the deSign cntena As prevI- TYPICAl. ROOF TYP'tCAL FlOOR
ROOF -1 FRAMING FRAMING
TRUSSES
ously mentioned the lateral resistance --2QZ.'-lQ
~ystem consists of an exterior tube frame

t sl Duarter t985 7
 IIghlwelghl concrele lOpping slab Heavier functlonlllg uninterrupted durlllg the tually dictated several of Ihe deSign pa·
conventionally reinforced slabs were re- phased bfldge construction rameters Irom which the faCility was
qUIred for Ihe lobby and public spaces DeSign of a two-span pier supported planned As previously menlloned the Iwo
as well as some MSE floors SpecIfic MSE structural steel bfldge structure pro· pflmary functions to be located In the low- •
floor loading cfltefla called for capacities ceeded dUfing the 1940s. The structure flse were the new RTA commuter station
ranging from the bUilding standard 50 psf consists of 11 ,nd,v,dual track bed units and the new Midwest Stock Exchange
+ 20 psf part II Ions to 225 psf for special and SIX passenger plallorm UllitS. each trading floor MS[ space requlfements
computer power support facllilies All MSE spannmg approXimalely 60 fl-2m. be· also called for an observation gallery. em-
equlfements were extensively researched tween piers (see Fig 4) Each track unit IS ployee cafetefla kitchen faCIlities and of-
and carefully documented Pflor to final made up of four W36 x 230 glfders tied fice areas Immediately ad lac en I to the
framing deSign In some areas. the slab together at 7 11-5 In Intervals by W18 flV- trading floor Additional space planning
thickness was Increased to 3·ln deck plus eted diaphragms and a continuous +',-In was requlfed for functional amellitles to be
3 '/ I-In concrete, uSing normal weight con- thick x to-II Wide hOflzontal flange plate prOVided by the owner These Include a
crete to provide for VI bra lion damping As and concrete rail bed Each platform unll restaurant. kllchen and dining faCilities.
part of the architectural artlculallon of Ihe consists of two W36 x t 70 glfders tied al health club. sWimming pool . exerCise
exteflor granite facade system. bay win· a Similar Interval by W t 6 diaphragms and rooms and lounges Mechallical systems
dows were provided at each tYPical and a continuous h In flange plate and con· were requlfed which could properly ser-
each corner column bay The facade sys- crete slab These units were preassem- vice the trading floor environment. while
tem IS supported by cantilevered floor bled off site and transported to the site by meeting the needs of all adlolnlng spaces
slabs at each level (Fig 3) rail for the phased erection of the bfldge and functions The formidable task of
Foundation work for the bfldge structure blending all of the complex systems Into
Railroad Bridge Structure actually began In t946 With the Installation one ullique structure soon became ap-
The LaSalle Street Station mallroom rail- of caissons for the south and center piers parent
way express offices and baggage han- Subway construction was also proceeding The evaluation of eXisting conditions of
dling faCilities oflglnally extended from the al thiS time under the south four lanes of the bfldge took several phases The ob-
station house southward to Harrison the expressway The north pier caissons jective was to determine the SUitability of
Street These facllliles were located dl- were completed In 195t Continuous cals· the bfldge as the foundation support for
reclly below the raltroad trackbed framing son cap glfders were constructed and the the new lowflse A related objective was
ThiS framing bUitt ,n 1902 consisted of reinforced concrete piers placed Final to determine the supporting capacity of
heavy flvetod plate·glfder construction erection of the now track units and plat- the bfldge In order to establish the maxI-
supported on columns spaced approxl- forms was carefully sequenced so that no mum posS! Ie sIZe and scope of the de-
malety 15 II a c north'south and 12 II 0 c more than two of the It tracks were out of velopment ReView of the plot survey and
east west In 1939 the Chicago Depart- service at anyone time The bfldge con- Site topography enabled deSigners 10 be- •
ment of Pubtlc Works began plans for a struction was completed In 1956 and the gin eSlabllshlng plan and elevallon rela-
secllon of the Congress Street Express- expressway was opened becoming a ma· Iionships belween the bfldge and Ihe pro-
way (later redeSignated Eisenhower Ex jor thoroughfare between the Loop and the posed new lower ThiS was essential In the
pressway) wlllch would extend from Wetls western suburbs orgallizalional planlllng of bolh buildings
Street to Clark Street Since the eight-lane Since all floors were Intended 10 be aligned
diVided highway was to pass through the Planning lor the " Bridge Building" for full Interlace
eXisting faCilities and beneath the railroad As the deSign team began the architec- Ttle Inillal phase 01 Visual examination
trackbed framing It was necessary to re- tural programming of tile low-flse bUilding of Ihe bfldge ,nvolved a review of IYPlcal
place the t 902 structure With a new col - a flgorous englneeflng Investigation 01 the Irack unll beaflng delalls on each concrete
umn· free bfldge structure A condition 1m· eXisting bfldge structure was Initiated The pair Column gflds were eSlabllshed
posed by the railroad companies was that two activities proceeded concurrenlly. The based on Ihe layoul of Ihe lower al 15 II
all train operations be allowed to continue results of the bfldge InveStlgallon even a c II was delermlned Ihal spacing Ihe
low -flse columns al Ihls common gfld
Fig. 4 Existing bndge frammg of track and platform umts. Note arrangement of low-nse would mtroduce an array of diSSimilar
columns to clear frammg, bear on piers. beanng conditions Each column base
would be unique and would reqUire elthe,
partial removal of Ihe track unll framing or
exlenslve delailing of sllffeners 10 receive
TUCK """ ,
the new columns It appeared more rea-
• . II .
sonable 10 orgallize Ihe lowflse 9f1d so thai
all columns are placed dlfeclly on the laps
of Ihe concrete piers between Ihe Irack
unit and platform framing (see Fig 4) ThiS
slmpllflcallon allowed for Ihe slandardlZa-
lion of column base delalls However Ihls
approach did produce an Ifregular column
spacing dlclaled by Ihe oflglnal layoul of •
bfldge framing IdentlfYlllg Ih,s constralnl
, early dUfing deSign developmenl enabled
Ihe archlteCIS 10 plan Ihe Inlerface of Ihe
Iwo bUildings appropflalely
A vlsuallnspecllon and lesllng program

B
MODERN STEEL CONSTRUCTION
I. of the ex IS ling bridge was the secona uments Areas of concrete cracking and
phase of Ihe engineering evatuallon. The spaliing were Identified for repair All Slruc
general reqUirements for this program tural sleel Iramlng and girder bearings
ere specified by the structural engineer were found 10 be properly aligned and free
nd Included the follOWing
•
1 Complete visual Inspecllon and sound-
of cracks. fraclures or warpage (see Fig
5) CorroSion of struclural Sleel members
STRUCTURAL
Ing of all concrele surfaces for cracks.
delamination. deterioration and corro~
was found In IImlled areas and classified
by degree. Where severe corrosion was
PRODUCTS
,denllf,ed subsequenl ultrasonic lesllng of
sian. Cores were laken Irom all piers
beam Ilanges, caver plafes and beam
What % of your needs
and cap girders 10 ascertain In-situ can-
crele slrenglh Chemical analyses were webs was performed 10 eslabllsh Ihe ex- require ST. LOUIS
performed 10 delermlne Ihe exlenl of tenl of loss of secllon. Engineering anal. SCREW & BOLT HIGH
chlOride Ion penetralion YSls substanllaled Ihal all hough some loss STRENGTH Bolts?
approached 8% of theorellcal secllon. Ihe
2 Comptele visual Inspecllon of all Sfruc- eXlsling member load carrYing capaclly
lural steel members. conneClIons and exceeded Ihe new deSign loading crllCria Consider this -
bearings Extenl of corrosion and loss The Informalion provided by Ihe Inspec-
of sec lion was determined The accu- lion program was used by Ihe slrUClural
.American Made
racy 01 record documents was deler- engineer In Ihe developmenl of a program • Tested & Certified
mined by Inspecllon and measurement
of all members and connections
for repair and prevenllve malnlenance 01 • Full Range of
Ihe bridge slruclure. Again Ihe general Type I & ill Products
Results 01 the Inspection and testing reqUiremenls were specified and Included
program confirmed Ihal Ihe eXlslmg Ihe follOWing • Fast Delivery
bridge struclure was In good condilion .95 Years of
I Repair by slruclural palchlng all surface
slructurally sound and thai Ihe ereClion of dlslress. spaliing and delamlnallons Dependable Service
the bridge was conslslent With record doc-
2 Cleaning and repair 01 all exposed and
corroded reinforcing bars
Fig. 5. View of glfder bearings at north 3 Pressure Inlecllon epoxy groullng of all
pIer shows localized corrOSion, areas SlrUClural concrete cracks

•
that were cleaned and repainted.
4 Cleaning of all corroded struclural steel
and reap plical Ion of paint
ThiS repair program was Initiated dUring
the tower loundallon construClion and was
completed dUring the crecllon of the new
low·nse structure
The englneenng anatysls and de"gn
capacity evaluation 01 the bndge structure
began wilh a thorough search lor Ihe ong
Inal documenfs, draWings and conSlruc-
tlon logs The Slructural englneel was able
to obtain working draWings of Ihe LaSalle
Sireet Stallon and all facllilies Irom Ihe
Rock Island Railroad archives The con-
tract draWings for the various phases of
new bndge conSlruClion ( 1946 thru 1956)
were proVided by the Chicago Deparlmenl
01 Public Works Tile city was also able 10
provide pnnls 01 Ihe bndge shop draWings
and erection draWings as originally pre-
We wantto be involved .
pared by American Bridge D,v,s,on In CALL US COLLECT!
t 955 Caisson conslrucllon logs lor Ihe
pier foundallon were available through Ihe Todayat314-389-7500
cily ThiS aided greatly In the determlnallon
S T , LOUIS SC R E W & BOLT CO,
of eXlsllng caisson suppor! capacity and
geolechnlcal analYSIS of selllemeni be·
havlor of the piers

• Floor loading crltena was developed to

accommodale MSE program require·
ments. as well as olher special lunclions
Due 10 the IIexlbllity needed for unre·
stncted eqUipment placemenl on Ihe Irad
Ing floor Ihe relnlorced concrele melal
deck slabs were deSigned for 200 psf live

1st Ouarter 1965

9
load and 60 psi supenmposed load Floor due 10 ItS Inability to carry Ihe concen- tlon to behave as a temporary hinge and
beams were designed for 125 psf live load trated column loads and lis Inherent flex- enable Ihe tower to undergo Initial caisson
and 60 psf supenmposed load and a Ibility The most logical framing system ca- seillements predicted to be 0 5 In 10 0 75
30 000 Ib concentrated load al any point pable of meeting Ihe span cntenon while In. The connecllons were recently torqued.
within Ihe span Live loads for Ihe other minimizing dead load was a long-span. up to complele Ihe laleral slability system.
public spaces were IYP,cally 100 psf wllh two-bay Ilghtwelghl slruclural steel sys- Lateral braCing of the lOW-rise In the east
up 10 30 psf allowed for Iloor finishes The lem weSI dlfectlon IS provided by Iwo bays of
very high loading cntena had a malar Im- The final deSign layout of Ihe low-nse vertical X-braCing at the north and south
pacl on floor beam deSign and final Ion SlruClure calls for a bUilding 121 x 208 It facade lines This braCing was deSigned
nage As Ihe column gnd and floor Iramlng Bay spacing IS approxlmalely 18 It east 10 procuce a displacement compatible
was finalized. column loads and locations west and Ihe long-span condition north with the lower laleral behaVior
were determined The evaluation of eXlsl- soulh as previously noted with each span The long-span floor Iramlng employed
Ing piers and caisson capacity verification approxlmalely 60 It-l0 In The lower and Wide flange shapes ranging Irom W30 10
was Ihen compleled low-nse have a slructural,nterface at each W36. wllh all beams deSigned lor com-
floor Levels 2 Ihrough 7 consisting of a poslle action Floor slabs were either 3-ln
Low-rise Structural System propped cantilever braced diaphragm composite melal deck and 3'/,-ln IIghl-
The pnmary space planning reqUiremenl system (Figure 2) The syslem actually welghl slab or a 61f.Hn reinforced con·
lor the MSE Iradlng floor called for a tolally couples the Iwo bUildings together In the crele slab on 3-ln. metal deck Certain
column-free space This could only be ac- north·south dlfectlon This diaphragm pro- areas of floor framing were suspended
complished by beanng all columns di- Vides lateral slability for Ihe lowflse from long-span floors above In order to
rectly on Ihe eXlsllng concrete piers. through Ihe linkage to the tower tubular malnlaln Isolation of the superstructure
thereby resulting In a long-span structure frame and core braCing The fflcllon- from Ihe bndge framing These areas oc-
The conceplual development of the SIX- boiled conneclions were malnlalned only cur at Ihe sWimming pool and racquelball
slory low-nse slructure led to Ihe deciSion finger tlghl until the completion of the tower spaces
10 Isolale the new construction from the slructural sleel slabs and graOile cladding The column-free 25.000 sq It trading
eXisting track Unit platform umt framing erection This allowed the linkage connec- floor IS made possible al Level 4 by span-

Fig. 6. Mam roof trusses (above) were

assembled on tradmg floor deck and
erected by two cranes

Fig. 7 TYPical field splice details (I., above)

for main truss lOP and botrom chords

Fig. 8. Mam truss top chord besflng (I.)

•
simplified erection, allowed truss to be
raised and placed on column cap
plate.

10 MODERN STEEL CONSTRUCTION

 nlng the rool truss Iramlng the lull 12 t It a self-holsllng FMC t 900 tower crane was ArchitecllStructural Engineer
Irom north pier to south pier The trusses assembled In the core and utilized for the Skidmore OWings & Memll
are fabricated uSing wide flange W 14 balance 01 tower steel erection. Due to the Chicago. 111005
shapes exclUSively (see Fig 6). The five. straightforward structurallramlng concept
General Contractor
• main trusses are to-It deep. w p. to w p employed and excellent loglslical plan-
Continental Turner Construction
and weigh approximately 55 tons each. ning by the general contractor and steel
Chicago, IllinOIS
Spacing ot roof trusses IS 36 It With sec- erector the entire 40-level tower was
ondary roof Iramlng consisting 01 W21 pur- erected In lust SIX months ThiS record Steel Fabricator
IIns at to It 0 c and a composite metal breaking perlormance was a full three FM Weall r
deck slab The trusses are crowned to a months ahead 01 schedule Melrose Park illinoiS
w p depth at midspan of to 1t-7 In. ThiS Erection of the lOW-rise was done by di-
allows for the necessary rool fill drainage Viding Ihe bUilding hOrizontally Into three Steel Erector
configuration In addition to the truss separate diVISions Each diVISion was Amencan Bridge DIVISion

crown, all trusses are cambered up to 3 erected to ItS lull height Including place- U S Steel Corp
Chicago, IIhnols
In to allow for dead-load deflections Due menl 01 roof trusses and purllns, prior to
to the sIZe and weight 01 the trusses. all starting the next diVISion. The steel erector
Owner
were fabricated In three sections High- used a l00-ton mobile crane placed on One FinanCial Place Partnership ..... Ith
strength friction botted splices were pro- the bridge structure and moved about on Casali-Heise Managing General Partner
vlded. allOWing the trusses to be assem- heavy limber mats U S EqUities Development Partner
bled In the field and lilted Into place (see Scheduled for occupancy In November Midwest Stock Exchange Investmenl Partner
Fig 7) The trusses were detailed uSing a 1984 One FinanCial Place stands as a Winthrop FinanCial Investment Partner
"stub column" element at the ends of the
top chord to facIlitate erection (see Fig 8)
shining example 01 successful structural
planning effiCient deSign and eflectlve SUPERWELD FOR THE IBM PC
•
construction procedures Given the Weld analYSIS and deSIgn PfDgram Fully menu driven,
untque combination of site constraints. ex· With graphics and hard copy report AISC code check
0es19fl8d 10 answer "Whal lr questIOnS Pnce $199 00
Structural Steel Erection ISllng structures and program reqUire- Demo <fisk S1 5 00
Erection 01 the tower was Initially handled ments. thiS project owes much of ItS suc- MlCrolech Inlemal10nal
1630 (Old) Oakland Ad 5ol1a A215
by a Manitowoc 4100 crawler type mobile cess 10 Ihe appropriate use 01 structural San Jose, CA 95131
crane As the tower structure proceeded steel (406) 947- 151 5

Ml-JACK buys
DROll lravelift

r~[:~~~~'~i~~t~rom J l CASE."".ur,

•
1sl Quarter 1985
 INDEPENDENT
TESTS PROVE IT:
This fastener
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And anybody 1
2
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Ramset's T-26 System is your assur-
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The system includes a rapid-loading, ACTUAL SIZE

. . ~ powder-actuated 1. Gradually increasing diameter of

• ~ tool that's com- shank causes washer to make com-
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regulations . But the key ele- 2. Length of shank allows multiple
ment is the unique fastener. The pin/ sheets to be fastened, up to a com-
bined thickness of .200 inch .
washer design assures consistent
holding power, and installation is two 3. Shank is knurled to give the fas-
tener '· bite" and increase holding
to four times faster, too . It's been pro- value.
ven on major projects and by indepen-
4. Pre-stressed washer provides
dent testing laboratories. You don't clamping action, absorbs sheet
have to take our word for it. We'll send stresses; rides up shank when pin is •
proof . Write Don Van Allman , head of driven assuring positive, firm holding.
InlemahOMI HeadquartElfS
our product engineering team at S. Point design and hardened steel
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eMI Al lon, illinoIs 62024
Ramset Fastening Systems, Shamrock composition of pin insure proper
(618 ) 258-2000 St., East Alton, IL 62024 . penetration .
 •
by Pdngbom
~---
::t=ir~on
Pangborn offers
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dard designs. Or we
systems for can custom engineer and
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fabricators. system to your special
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Now you can descale any shape, any speed to
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•
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product cleaned. with traditional Pangborn
Today, Pangborn Roto- quality, and are com-
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Chicago, Il 60611
Cit ~ Slate Zil.!

14
---------- -------
MODERN STEEL CONSTRUCTION
 Computer Capabilities In-House:
• The Leading Edge in Industry Trends
by Leonard M. Rand

C omputer analysIs and design has be·

come the focal point 01 a malor Industry
trend Without repeating a long lisl of pub-
However. the surveys also clearly show that
many of the firms who have computers In·
house do not use them for structural analYSIS
course results In dissatisfaction With the 5011-
ware that IS deemed Inadequate Within SIX
months
lished market survey statistics. It IS suffiCient and deSign The overndlng reason for many
to say Ihal the NEJC Induslry IS In the middle firms' heSitation to Install CAE on an In-house Mixed Approach to Software Solutions
01 a map' rush to computerize This move to computer system appears to be that engl- Depending on prior experience and In-
aulomate Includes office producllVlty ac- neenng management has great difficulty house experllse. Ilrms InternaliZing CAE p-
counting proJOCt management CAD and finding structural software to fulfill the" re- proach their ultimate software sotuttons ,n J
computer-aided engineering (CAE) The qUirements vanety of ways Some of the bigger firms
reat reasons the AbC Industry IS plunging write soltware programs for a portion of the"
headlong Into the computer world are very Two Groups Rush to fnternalize CAE CAE needs However the majOflty of tile
simple pragmatic IUSllficatlons But the Even With the difficulty many f"ms face In software they use IS purcl1ased Irom Uurd
manner In which many f"ms approach this Ilndlng and selecllng appropriate structural party developers The home grown software
new Ironller IS anything but Slmpte and prag- software the number of firms InternaliZing programs are olten the Simple structural uIII-
malic This article locuses on the comput- CAE grows at somewhere between 20% Ity programs used to tackle the Simple daV-
erization opportunity and. through case and 40% a year Two majOr factions of Ihe to-day tasks not the powerlul anatysls and
studies. offers InSight and d"ectlon to firms A ElC Industry compnse the rush to In- design software needed for majOr prOlects
that are Involved or soon Will be. In thiS often house CAE. Each group has ItS own unique These comprehenSive Integrated software
Intimidating process set of problems and needs Each ap- systems reqUire several man years of so-
proaches the search and purchase of CAE pl11stlcated development and progiammllig
Pragmatic Reasons to Computerize hardware and soltware differently effort not leaslble lor these firms to under
All of the valid reasons lor a Ilrm to comput- The I"st group IS made up of Ilrms who take
eflze ItS operations bOil down to lust a few have prevIous CAE expenence through ex- The smaller firms With no ability to wtlle
• • RISing costs demand higher productiVity ternal resources. such as service bureaus the" own programs buy the software they
from every employee These firms are familiar With some form of feel they can afford Based {)f1 current pur
• The Industry demands more output In the mainframe-based structurat analYSIS (and chase patterns milny 01 these Ilrms appear
same time period or the same output In a sometimes deSign) software. These f"ms to be bUying small softwdre programs that
compressed time period are. as a rule. well Informed on the CAE sub- are pieces of a total sotutlon Feeling that fj
• ExpenSive money and squeezed cash· lect and can evaluate obJeclively hardware 10lal In· house solullon IS un ffordablc they
flow demand rigid control 01 finances and software options II supplied suffiCient do what thell o;oftware p,cces atlow them to
• More and more ct,ents expect their AlE oblectlve Information Their evaluation of an do In·house jfld use a remote service bu-
E A. A E,C and consulting engineering In-house system Will be placed In the Irame- reau lor the 1'''\Jer more complex prOlccts
firms to be current With the Industry work of prevIous CAE expenence What the" In-house yS\ern cannot harxlle Suet,
trends on the leading edge these firms usualty seek IS a hardware-soft a deciSion 11kJ f ilave been based 011 budget
• Much of today s Innovative architectural ware system that IS at least as versatile. so- constraints or may have evolved becaust:
design reqUIres a computer for structural phisticated and powerful as the malnframe- the f"m coutet not find a comprel,enslve soft
analYSIS and deSign An Increasing num- based resource they have been uSing They ware system which would serve all thell
ber of projects could not be undertaken are purchasmg everything Irom PCs to needs
Without a computer super mlnl+computers A UlItd group seeks to purchase a COrT"
• Small service bUleau users are restricted The second group. however. lacks such plete CAE solution that wllI,nternahze the en
In the fleXibility and cost effiCiency of the" CAE expenence They are the small firms lire analySIS and deSign requirements With
computer capability who are taking their first ptunge Into CAE no need 101 servIce bureaus These t,nns
Surveys Indicate that somewhere between and are dOing so With the In-house ap- look lor a system to Integrate a\l the" CAr
50°.. and 75% of AE EA AEC and con- proach These f"ms are baSically bUYing needs Into a Single software system they Will
sulting engineering firms have some Inlernal PCs and then looking for software to dnve not outgrow They want the system to be ml
operallons on a computer that the firm owns thelf new computers Wilt' no performance cro- or mini-computer based Ideally they
benchmark to gUide them. they can eaSily woutd like software to serve the" needs Will,
overestimate what an InexpenSive piece of equat ease whether It was running on stand
hardware and'or soltware can do lor them atone workstations or dnvlng a multi-terminal
Because of budget I,mltattons. they some- system Mo',t of the',e f"ms are stllttooklng
• Leonard M Rand. PE IS preSident and founder times allow themselves to think only In terms
of The Rand Group Inc Dallas Texas a ma of today's needs vs tomorrows reqUire- Current Perceptions of CAE Software
IOf U S developer of leading edge I.n.le ele· ments These firms are sometimes tempted Alt 01 the purchases of CAE software to date
ment·based structural analYSIS and deSign to spend heaVily on the hardware (relative to have been based on the market s percep
sof!ware for the architectural 'engineering their budget constraints) and compensate tlon of the structUiat software avaltabte at the
con ,truchon Industry by skimping on software Invanabty such a lime Some perceptions are accurate Far

151 Quarter 1985 15

 too often however. purchase decIsions Inadequale analysIs software and aUempt- could provide the necessary output by
have been a consequence of misinforma- Ing to use It for structural projeCts outSide the 800 a m. the next morning
tion and Inaccurate perception To com- abilities of their In-house software. Fortu- As their volume of computer·supported
pound the difficulty the marketplace IS a nately most of these engineers soor diS- deSign work grew the overnight system •
very dynamiC one What was qUite true tast cover Ihe InadequaCies of their solullon. and became unsatisfactory Time constraints
year may be totally Inaccurate today For ex- correcl the problem ThiS realization often and limited software availability forced
ampte. a prevatent perception IS that the reqUires a firm to scrap the software already HTB to make a change In t 975. they
power. versatility and sophistication of soft- purchased and seek oul an appropnate turned to the McDonnell Douglas com·
ware IS directly related to the hardware on software tool which Will do what they need It puter center In St LOUIS, Mo One of the
which It runs In other words. malnframe- to do ThiS process. With liS Inherenl false first prolects they deSigned With the
based software IS the most powertul, versa- start, IS usually a consequence of bad per- McDonnell Douglas computer was the t 1·
tile and sophisticated software on the mar- ception and Inadequate knowledge of the story west wing for St FranCIS Hosp'tat In
ket MIni-computer software IS second and CAE software marketplace Tulsa , Okla (Fig t) ThiS hexagonal-
micro-based software IS the least of all Such shaped steel. ngld-frame bUilding was
a percepllon was true a year or two ago It analyzed uSing a three-dimenSional model
IS certainly not true In all cases loday Yet. Learning from the Past and the McAuto version of STRUDL soft-
too many films make bUYing deCISions Those firms currently In the process of In- ware Since HTB had no In·house terminal
based on such Ideas lernallZIng CAE do so because they see It to access the computer. their project man-
Because of the perceived cost far too as a step necessary to survival and pros- ager flew to St LoUIS and ran the program
many small firms may also be selling them- penty They are correct In their assessment With the assistance of a McAuto analyst
selves short by assuming the only option of the situation The trouble IS most firms With the 3-D analYSIS. HTB was able to
avaltable to a small budget IS to buy a piece do not have the luxury of time on their Side reline member sizes until a very effiCient
of the total solution now and start all over The demands of Ihe marketplace no steel frame that would take Wind loads
with a new software (and maybe hardware) longer allow firms 10 take to years to find from all dlrecllons was deSigned
solution laler on when more money IS avail- a sUitable In-house solullon . The process HTB linked Itself to a nationWide network
able New advances In micro computer- can be lackled rather qUickly All that has of computers on a tlme-shanng baSIS In
based software systems have already elim- 10 be done IS 10 learn from firms who have t976 Their In-house terminal was linked
Inated the need for most firms to think In already gone through the process and to the Kansas City computer center to ac·
terms of such planned obsolescence. have found excetlent solutions for In-house cess state· of · the -art software via tele -
Several artlcies In magazines. newspa- CAE requirements The follOWing Ihree phone modem They had some programs
pers and journals throughout the NEJC In- case studies will answer many quesllons written Internally, which were also avail-
dustry have spotlighted another problem In- and give excellent direction to Ilrms of all able on the computer A pnme example of •
herent 10 Ihe Internalized CAE trend Too sizes who are currently In the midst of the prOjects handled With thiS service bureau
many less Informed engineers with little or march toward In-house CAE systems program IS the 37 -story steel-framed Mld-
no prevIous CAE expenence are purchaSing Conllnent Tower deSigned In t98t (Fig 2)
HTB, Inc., Oklahoma City, Oklahoma HTB used the SPACE IV structural analYSIS
Fig. 1. St. FranCIS Hospital. Photo shows and deSign program The extensive tlme-
girder layout for hexagon-shaped 11-story HTB. Inc. IS an archllecturalenglneenng
firm With offices In Oklahoma City and shanng charges Incurred With thiS prOject
moment·reslstmg frame.
1--- _- Tulsa Okla Washington, 0 C., and San prompted HTB to Invest In their own com-
Jose Cal Their structural englneenng de· puter capability The software they se-
partment at the Oklahoma City headquar- lected allowed them to do much of thelf
ters serves the enllre corporate network. deSign work on the mini computer based
The first lime HTB used a computer to system they purchased However HTB
analyze a structure was In t 964 One of discovered they were severely limited by
their prOjects had a V,erendeel truss which the number of members the software could
supported both the roof and the ftoor handle at one time Scftware also lacked
across a 54 oft span They had to travel 25 3-D capabilities and code checking
miles to use a univerSity computer where In t 984 HTB purchased proprietary
the data was keypunched onto cards structural analYSIS and deSign software
proofed and fed Into the computer After which takes care of all their stallc and dy·
the data was analyzed HTB slill felt the namlc analYSIS . accommodallng both 2-D
need to venfy the results by hand calcu- and 3-D analYSIS and deSign . Keith Hin-
lations chey P E senior vice president and di-
In t 966. deSigns for continuous -span rector of structural englneenng finds thiS
bndge girders were done for HTB by De speCial program solves the problems of
Leuw Cather Company HTB engineers their prevIous software and adds many
would complete coding forms and mall versatile features they did not expect
them to Chicago. where the computer was "One of the systems features we find most
located In those days air mall often took helpful IS the one which enables us to ex-
two days By 1968. HTB was deSigning hlbilihe slruclUre on our graphiCS terminal .
mosl of their structures on a computer while the engineer works the analYSIS on
owned by a local college They furnished another terminal · explains Hlnchey'Cou-
the serVice person a completed code form pie thiS aUnbute With the editing capabll·
at 500 pm. each evening He spent the Itles and the systems advantages multiply
night keypunching and de-bugging so he Our prevIous software reqUifed us to

16 MODERN STEEL CONSTRUCTION

 change the entire t'St of member proper- computer The engineering challenges m- tough lime schedules Originally expen-
ties fustto change a slngte member prop- cluded a slender. asymmetrical patient sive time-sharing costs forced them to

•
erty ' lower With a two-bay frame at one end, a think In terms of Single-run analYSIS 'Now
Hinchey summarizes HTB's CAE expe- full-height cantilevered. semicircular stair we never do anything just one way ' ex-
rience that has spanned two decades tower With torSionally loaded spandrels plains Frosl ·We play With II We examine
"Engineering software has Improved all as an external appendage to the tower II from many pOints of view'
steadlty Since we first designed our Vier- and a double-cantilevered connecting It IS now Ihelr standard procedure that
endeettruss In 1964 Now offices with onty passageway between the eXlsling struc- after a project IS analyzed the deSign IS
a few clients can afford a computer which ture and the new annex which took the always looked at from bolh a SlruClural
can sotve multi-member frames This IS form of a 47-ft long box truss passing from steel and a reinforced concrete point of
onty possible tocay because software de- the third and fourth ftoors of the eXisting view One partner takes steel while the
velopers understand how the computer bUilding to the second floor of the new other takes concrete On the next prOlect.
thinks and how to use the computer to ItS annex. The use of ramps Installed Within they reverse Ihe roles After deSign work
utmost capacity They also understand en- the box truss made the multi-floor access IS compleled by both . an Inlernal crltlqlle
gineers and engineering and produce possible (Fig 4) session lakes place From Ihe cflilque and
software that solves the problems rather Midway In analYSIS and deSign on the often after a lively exchange of opinions
than contributing to the problem" service bureau system. the service bureau the firm has a well-documented point of
enacted a poliCY change that sharply cur view to present to a chent
Biar & Frost, Inc., Dallas, Texas tailed support for small accounts In the Their In-house CAE software toot has
Blar & Frost . tnc IS a small. five-person Dallas area The support person B,ar & done something else 10 the way they do
structural engmeerlng firm. Their use of Frost had deall With was terminated and things As Frost put It 'We have alSo be
CAE spans 11 years In the early years, the position permanently vacated Log-on come a very valuable source of Information
most projects were handled uSing tradi- procedures were changed Without not,f" for the architect which we could never
tional hand calculation methods, reserving calion and nobody was able to use the have been before Ins lead of JUSI a pro/)
the big projects for the expensive time- system Nearly a week of telephone calls lem-solver for the architect we are are·
sharing met hoc Between 30% and 50% to the home office did not resolve the ac-
of their prolects required some computer cess problem The need tor computer time Fig 2. Mid Contment Tower. HTB used
analysIs via service bureaus was becoming Crllical At that pOint. rela SPACE IV structure analYSIS on 37-story
Jack Frost. one of the firms partners, lions With the remole service bureau were steel framed·tower.
characterizes their search for Internal CAE terminated "1m sure the big users get ex
capability In terms of commitment level cellent service." confided Frost "Like so
'We poked around looking at computers many others we were just too small to be
• and soltware out of sheer CUriosity for handled economically by the serVice bu -
about 10 years ' Frost explains "We reau staff Our $15000 to $20.000 In an-
looked with genuine Interest for about five nual fees Just was not significant to them ·
years Finally. we spent about three years Simultaneous to cessation of relations
dOing hard looking with real Intent to buy With the service bureau. B,ar & Frost be-
What we were looking for was something came aware of RAND-MICAS. a flntte ete-
at least as 9000 as STRUDL. which we ment-based structural analYSIS and de-
used through the service bureaus" sign software system. After only three days
In 1981 his firm Invested In a medium evaluation . they purchased the software
capacity 2-D frame program that Signifi- system and a mini-computer to run It As
cantly reduced their dependence on the Frost put It. "We finally found something
service bureau According to Frost. We much better than STRUDL we could use
knew It was a temporary measure But we In-house"
saw It as step one toward our own In-house With the new mml computer-based sys-
capability" Limited member handling ca- tem Installed. the tlrm was able to continue
pacity and the lack of 3-D capability ItS work on the Hams Hospital prolect Al-
helped contribute to their decIsion to pur- though the eXisting bUilding was a rein-
chase a full analySIS and design system In forced concrete frame With brick veneer
less than one year It was not assumed concrete was appro·
Blar & Frost s story IS a familiar one A prlate for the new annex Both steel and
specIfic project and Its related problems reinforced concrete were closely exam-
determined the liming for gOing totally In· Ined With the new system'S deSign post-
house With their CAE In early 1983. they processors before determining that a
began preliminary deSign work on the Sid welded. moment-resisting steel frame was
W Richardson PaVilion a multi-story ad- the best chOice for thiS project
dition to Hams Methodist Hospital In Fort In the year and a hall Since they ac-

•
Worth Tex (see Fig 3) Page Southerland qUired their current computer and soft -
Page a Fort Worth architectural firm. had ware system. many things have changed
deSigned an eight-story structure that Frost describes their currenf system as a
would grow to 20 stories as the need de- "quantum leap ahead of the time-sharing
mands The deSign posed several engl- arrangement Frost says It IS not neces-
neeflng challenges that forced Blar & Frost sarily a mailer of dOing more work. but of
to go to STRUDL on the service bureau dOing the work beller and stili meellng

1st Quarter 1985 17

source. We now provide more creative en· Ville, Ky IS not a simple rectangular box more difficult than In a normal bUilding
glneerlng solullons Ihan we ever could high-rise bUilding The faint architectural Preliminary work Indicated reinforced con-
wllh Ihe IImllallons of lime-sharing" He prolect of GravesiWarnecke produced a crete member Sizes would be much larger
cites a recent project where the architect structurally complex bUilding wllh SIX dlf- than structural steel •
with whom they worked asked a question lerent wlnd-reslsllng moment frames In the The bUilding SitS on a mat found allan
Frost had never considered before "Can north-south direction and lour In the east- and the extra weight of a concrete struc-
we build an asymmetrical Vlerendeel west A tYPical symmetrical rectangular ture also posed serious complications to
truss?" Frost's reply was, "I don't know bUilding normally reqUires the design of the foundation deSign as well A third ma-
Let s lind out" Both had their answer In a two exlerlor frames The architectural de- lar conSideration was the fleXibility of a
matter of minutes It was a definite yes l sign of the two-lour story lobby and ground structural steel Irame to accommodate
The architect was able to continue his de- floor loggia as well as the dllferlng set- modilications for mechanical openings
sign with Invaluable knowledge readily backs from the 20th floor to the roof elim- and beam penetrations alter Ihe structure
available from his consulting IIrm Inates any structural symmetry Of the SIX IS erecled ThiS third conSideration IS not
Frost characterizes his current CAE soft- nort h-south Wind frames, only two are unusual , Since construction of the Humana
ware capabilities as "a system that really Identical None of the east-wesl frames are BUilding was 10 begin prior to final archi-
works He explains "It IS a current. prac- Idenllcal ThiS meant that nine separate tectural and mechanical deSign, requiring
tical tool that lust happens to be state-of- Irames needed to be designed a certain number of holes to be accom·
the·art technology It's a system with which The bUilding also has other major ar- modated later on All three conSiderations
we can grow We see It as a total CAE chltecturalleatures such as the flying truss clearly pOinted to structural steel as the
solullon for us now and for many years to supporting the 24th-story balcony which best solution
come Every firm seeking to have an In- Interacts With the basIc structure of It The With preliminaries completed , DC&A
house CAE program should expect noth- three-dimenSional effects of thiS and sev- began Ihe detailed structural deSign Mike
Ing less from any system they are conSid- eral other features had to be evaluated In TheiSS. an associate. VOiced the common
ering coni unction With the Simpler acllon 01 the conflict that continually challenges the
Wind Irames All these features Imposed consuiling engineer In thiS phase of a proJ-
DeSimone , Chapfin and AssOCiates , many engineering challenges over and ect "It IS the nature of the structural deSign
New York City above those typical of a normal high-rise prolesslon that some architectural con-
DeSimone, Chaplin and Associates Con- bUilding cepts reqUIre greater effort on the part of
sulting Engineers PC IS a medium-sized Before any serious engineering deSign the engineers than others," TheiSS ex-
consulting hrm of 20 employees With 01- could commence DC&A needed to de- ptalns "It IS also the nature of our protes-
flces In Manhattan DC&A has used a mini termine the structural system and material sian Ihat owners do not Willingly pay a
computer· based CAE system Since 1981 best SUited for the profect. Their evaluallon compensatlngly greater fee to the eng 1- •
The Humana Corporation headquarters qUickly centered on reinforced concrete neer when thiS occurs Therefore, qUite
bUilding was an excellent opportUnity to and structural steel The architectural de- often, engineers are faced With making the
put the software through ItS paces sign reqUired spans of up to 40 It, With 9 chOice between dOing more work than the
As Fig 5 Illustrates the Humana Cor- It clear for the floor-to-flnlshed-ceiling ThiS fee can cover or making conservative as·
<>oratlon headquarters bUilding In LoUls- combination of long spans and tall story- sumpllons which reduce the engineers'
to-story heights meant that control of the workload but IneVitably add unnecessary
bUilding movement due to Wind would be material and cost to the prolecl "
TheiSS hnds relief lor thiS no-win situa-
tion through hiS In-house CAE system As
he puts It. "The engineer's best Irlend In
Figs. 3 & 4. Architectural model of Harris hiS quest to balance the work vs lee prob-
Hospital Method/st, With new Richardson
lem IS the In-house computer and a prop-
PaVIlion In leh foreground. TYPical Plot (I.)
shows analytical model of cantJIevered box
erly Inlegrated syslem of software pro-
truss passageway between old and new. Plot grams for analYSIS and deSign For the
/s used as venf/catlon and documentation one-time expenditure eqUivalent to a typ-
tool. Ical engineers salary It IS finally pOSSible
to own a system that can perform a com-
prehenSive analYSIS and aid In the deSign
and checking of very large structures
DC&A now uses a hnlte element-based
structural analYSIS and deSign system bUilt
around a relational database
TheiSS warns the engineering firm In·
vestlgallng CAE systems to know wha t to
look lor He pOints out that not all analYSIS
and deSign soltware IS Integrated "True

•
Inlegrallon IS the ability 10 go Irom analYSIS
to deSign Without haVing to manually enter
results Irom the analytical phase or to be
able to have member Sizes adfusted from
the calculations of the deSign program to
reanalyze a given problem" TheiSS warns,
"Most structural software packages for

tS MODERN STEEL CONSTRUCTION

 we make many runs a day If necessary as enlry level Siudy the available op-
With a multi-user mini computer system lions before locking Into planned ob-
like ours. the englneenng Ilfm can also run solescence
more than one problem at the same lime 5. Investigate Thoroughly, but Oont Make
ThiS capa bility has significantly Increased II a Career It IS mosl Imp0r/anllo make
DC&As ability to produce high quality en- a Ihorough sludy 01 al leasl live of Ihe
glneenng solullons qUickly and effiCiently besl opllons available before chOOSing
DeSimone. Chaplin and ASSOCiates ex- software and hardware Too many en-
penence with In-house CAE has been a gineers lake years to do whal a few
very successful one TheiSS says thelf sys- monlhs sludy woutd accomplish beller
tem has actually enhanced thelf ability to Sel a Ilmelabte and work hard 10 Slick
handle specialized. non-standard bUilding to It Better deCISions are made by
structures -like the Humana BUilding 'We weighing opllons fresh In memory
can handle these non-standard structures 6_BUYlflg a CAE System IS Like Mamage
without penalizing the owner with an overly II IS a Famlty Allalf Even Ihe beSI
conservative deSign. while not penalizing soltware around Will not serve well If II
DC&A by exceeding the lee. he conhdes does nOI have excellenl sUPPOr/ from
'Our computer system allows us to satisfy Ihe company who developed It ThiS
the owner's needs. the architect s deSign supporl should Inc tude a slrong com·
and our fee sChedule and we can do It mllment to ongoing soltware reflnemenl
qUlckty' and developmenl 1/ shoutd atso Inctude
providing enhancemenls and new re -
Those Who Have Done it OHer Advice leases providing comprehenSive
Hinchey. Frost and TheiSS all offer sound hands-on training for staff providing
adVice to firms of any size who are Inves- hOI-line access 10 protesslonal engl.
tigating an Internal CAE capability Many neers who act as first-line lechnlcal sup-
01 the hints listed below were vOlc3d by all por/ for your quesllons and probtems
three men All agree the process can be Expect to pay lor such sUPPOr! alleasl
an Intimidating one but does not have to t 0% 01 Ihe software purchase cosl an-
Fig 5. Humana Corp. headquarters. be Here IS a summary 01 Ihelf adVice nually If a vendor olfers free or very
Structurally complex bUlldmg reqUIred cheap suppml . It Will be worth every
. deslgn of mne separate frames Seven Tips to Top Capability penny of II
1. Understand Why You are DOing II Keep 7 . Know What tile Software System Ought
your true oblectlves clearly In mind You 10 Have Then Ask POlnled Ouesllons
want 10 solve as many problems and on Just Whal Thel( Syslems Olfer Hin-
analysIs and design are not fully Integrated provide as many necessary tools as you chey Frosl and TheiSS agree you can
and therefore waste valuable engineering can Do nOI allow yourself to be blind have the besl syslem bul only If you
lime Sided by a machines whlslles and know whal Ihe besl syslem aug hi 10 be
TheiSS uses the Humana bUilding as a bells and forgel that a computer does able to do They point oul the besl Slruc-
perfect example of uSing Ihe right software nol do anylhlng until It has software 10 lurat anatysls and deSign syslem oughl
system to solve a most dlfhcult problem drive It 10 have all Ihese leatures as minimum
He explains the unusual structural nature 2_ Start with Software Then Find Besl requirements
of the Humana prOlect would have posed Compuler The most popular com pule! • Be available on a vaflely 01 com-
a serious problem to DC&A had Ihey not With all kinds of machine capabilities puters Ideally on bOlh micros and
had the proper In-house CAE capability cannot compensate lor Inadequate miniS The miCro verSion needs to be
Because of the number of separate frames software The besl software on the mar· lunCllonally Idenllcal 10 the mini ver-
and the complicated detailing on the up- ket does nOI usually need a specIfic Sion
per stones. numerous tnal runs were re- hardware lea lure lound on onty one • Do bOlh Ira me - and Ilnlte-etemenl
qUlfed to converge on an economical system to do ItS best lor Ihe engineer analYSIS
structural solution As he explains. "The 3_For Micros and Some MIniS. be Pre- • Provide both 2-D and 3-D analYSIS and
cost of uSing an outside service bureau pared to Spend as Much or More for deSign
would have posed a very real restraint on Software as for Hardware Do not ex- • Perlorm bolh SialiC and dynamiC anal·
the number of tnal solullons we could have pect to spend a few Ihousand dollars YSls
Invesllgated • for the machine and a lew hundred 10/ • Be bUilt around a true relational data-
TheiSS expanded on DC&As expen- the software a sure route to short- base so Ihe syslem IS Inlegraled and
ences, contrasting service bureaus with changing yourself highly fleXible . allOWing Ihe engineer
In-house capabilities ·Our pnor expen- 4. Plan for Fulure Needs Oon'l Slap al to flow from analYSIS to deSign and
ence with service bureaus proves that ac- SolVing Today's Needs Many engineers back again al Will
cess tor the smaller user IS not always are under Ihe ,mp,esslon Ihal everyone • Provide a variety 01 analySIS postpro-
speed Y Most eng meers are minimum who has a modest budgel musl buy a cessors to expedite the analYSIS proc·
• users compared to the large corporate parllal solullon system In the beginning ess
users Many of us try to use these expen- Ihen Ihrow II oul later when needs de- • Provide resldenl code checking lor
sive systems at night when the rates are mand and budgels permit ThiS IS not bolh steel and concrete deSign
lower It becomes difficult to do more than necessarily so It IS possible 10 find a • Be ab'e 10 handle VIrtually any size
one run a day Wllh our In-house system. complete solution which can be viewed structure With ease I

1st Duarter 1985 19

 Three Major
Projects
Specify
Coronet Load
Indicators
•
Coronet load Indicators are being used
on these three major projects to eliminate
the guesswork of the conventional "turn-
of-nul" method of Installing high-strength
bolts to assure that structural joints
are properly assembled.
Using Coronet Load Indicators provides
immediate visual proof that 100% of the
bolts have been proper1y tensioned.
Inspection is considerably faster and TIMIIIW CoIulliia Celillf III Suttle, Wulllclgton Will be 76 stDlles The VIRdIIIIMIIJ Air Foret But SAYttle Asstlllllly BIiIcII.DO SAB
more precise than with a calibrated when C:On'OIeted maklllU It the tallest bulld~ west Of ChICago a tTlOWIable tllQII bat steel structure comparable to a 23 story
Owner & (lM1Opef MaJtIll Selig! Structural Engmee. SkillllQ. butldlng Structural~' Bectrtel Nabooal. Inc , General
torque wrench. Ward ~s Bar!(sfllle. Gerlefa Cootractor Howard S Wright & Contractor, Steel FatrK:ator! and Steel Erector Raymoo:! Kaiser
Company; Steel FatrlCator Samsung Corporation. Steel Erector Erlgmeers, Inc IKaiser Stee Corporallon, a /OInt venture
To be sure that structural bolts are properly Amencan BrIOge, OIViSlOO 01 US Steel
tensioned In your bLJlldlng connections,
specify Coronet Load Indicators. Write
or call today for an up-to-date fact file.

W
CoODer& Tumer Inc
Coroael'load bodlcalon
Keystone Industrial Park,
200 All1enhouse Circle-No 8 • Bristol, PA 19007

Rockwellll"rntaonll's B-IB eo• • 11'111 mate. assemblV and Chedt.oot produCtIOn laCilrues., Palmdaleloo.CahllrnLa Owner & 0eveI0piJ
RocIcwelllntematrooaJ CorJl(latlOfl SlrllCllIBi Engllleef & General Contractor The H K F«guson CMlpanr .,.eeI Fabncator tqan
ManufaC1unng ~nr Steel EleCtor Cahlofrna Erectors

World Class.
•

Providing Slate-of·the·Art on Designing and Building with Sl eel featuring . ..

•
• Space Frame Structures • Steel Building in the Far East
• Improved Economy of Short·Span Bridges • Practical Quality Control and Assurance
• Llml1 States Design of Structures Plus a special presentation on the
• Cable Supported Structures-Research. material selection process lor a
DeSIgn, and ConstructIon high-rise building.

Department 01 Public Allairs, American Institute ot Steel Construction, Inc.

400 North MIchigan Avenue, Chicago, illinois 60611 • Phone (31 2) 670-2400

20
 Stoneman Building: (Chapter 2)
Symphony of Flexibility Continues
by Elliot Paul Rothman and Terry A. Louderback

he Stoneman BUilding at Boston's Beth cant you hang Ihe tOllel rooms Irom Ihe new levels Irom large cantilevered steel
T Israel Hospital a Harvard teaching
hospital. IS a single-corridor and double·
outside?" The architecl and structural en·
glneer responded With a scheme which
girders spannmg from the Interior COrridor
columns over the extenor columns A more
loaded floor, elght·story patient care bUild- hung a new steel structure from Ihe east In-depth examination found thiS concept
Ing bUilt In the 1950s Its patient rooms Side of Ihe bUilding and added I 100 sq had a number of drawbacks Intenor and
are too small lor care 01 acute patients In It per floor to live floors The proposal extenor columns do not always align In the
the 1980's The hospital's program was to worked All double pallent rooms are 10' eXisting slructure. requlnng a secondary
totally renovate Floor 8 (formerly occupied cated on the east Side 01 the COrridor With network ot transfer glfders along the cor ·
by the Labor and Delivery Unit. which tOilet rooms and silting alcoves located In ndor columns Secondly to hang all levels
moved to the newly deSigned Reisman the new floor area and all Single rooms would require reliance on tension hangers
BUilding s Floor 10) and to partially reno· are located on the west Side In space pre· In the new extenor wall Without a practlcat
vate patient Floors 4 through 7 As part of vlously assigned to Inadequately SIZed redundant support system
Ihe $53·mllhon prolect expanSion, the ar- double rooms Loads attnbutable to descending lloor
chitect planned the Stoneman BUlldlng's tevels would lurther complicale dellectlon
renovated rooms to resemble the extraor- The Resolution Process- control. Impacting upon the detailing 01
dinarily successful rooms of the Reisman Structural Considerations non-structural elements such as the cur
BUilding which they also deSigned The structural engineer was consulted to taln wall and In tenor partitioning Thlfdly
find the best solution for lateral expansion because the new rool·lop steel would have
. he Probfem of Floors 4 through 8 on the east Side 01 been exposed thermal Slresses and de·
Because patient rooms are too small. and the reinforced concrete Stoneman BUild- formation resulting from uneven heating
the number 01 patients cannot be reduced Ing structure Their Immediate solution was would have to be accounled lor In Ihe de-
to Increase Ihe number 01 Single rooms or to suspend the new space from the roof Sign Most ImpOrtanlty suspending the en-
the room size a trustee suggested why The Initial concept was to Simply hang all tlfe new Slfuclure Irom roof cantilevers
would Introduce a load transfer path which
the eXisting bUilding could not accom·
modate safely The capacity of each ex·
ISIIng column along the east facade was
computed and compared 10 Ihe eXisting
column loads. plus the nellncrease In cot ·
umn loads due to the new expansion It
was lound that the upper story columns
had Inadequale reserve strength to safety
supporllhe toads which would resull Irom
carrying the new loads up the new extenor
wall and back down the eXisting extenor
wall A new solution had to be lound
Ideally the solution to the Stoneman
program would address each of lhe draw·
backs of the suspended scheme. and al
the same lime satlsly the archi1ectural con·

Elliot Paul Rothman , A I A IS a director of the

architectural 'um 01 Martha L Rothman-
Elliot Paul Rothman Inc Boston, Massachu -
fl t{ I Oli'n'u'" (1 "t""
Hmtflfrt" (oho\'(·) Illth lin-I Jrall/Iff/{ setts
ur/wlll t'rt"Ot"d S"Plxlrt ("l)lIun at "islmq col/lmttJ ('U" Iw Terry A Louderback. PE IS a principal In the
• Sf't'tt tit IlppU jloms fi X oJ Oll'n'll'h offramrd br(J('Al'I.f structural engineering firm 01 Souza True and
(alxwi'. r.J om/111M en/limn (III It}t Ilhich prol'idl'-f IlIItrdr· Partners, Watertown. Massachusells
lum(/efln' bt-IHet'II l'(lch hrad('l fig. 5. Support tl.\Sl'mbh
IIl1h I}(lrtwl j ramlfl}f, (r.) J lulll j bollfllg offacl'pl(lf' Into ells,-
The Ilrst ~chaptc'" on the Reisman BUilding ap·
1111{ ("of"mll
peared In the 1st quarter. 1984 Issue

1Sl Ouarter 1985 21

 cept which reqUired lateral expansion the eXisting slab/spandrel beam adlacent
without supports below the fourth floor 10 each Side of each eXlsllng column from

ATIP Employing canlilevered steel girders (dou-

ble channels) at each level was explored .
Ihe Ih,ck 8-ln. X 4-ln. SlruClural sleel an-
gles The couple IS developed by Ihe 8 . •

FOR but rejected because of unacceptably re-

duced headroom within the eXisting bUild-
Ing And the girders complicated reloca-
In X 4-ln . slruclural steel angle behind
each column and through·bolled 4-ln . x 3-
In angle wllh a 4-ln. channel allhe bottom
COST lion of numerous funcllonlng mechanical .
electrical and plumbing services; and the
of each collar A careful analYSIS deler-
mined Ihe stresses and delormatlons of
Interior and exterior columns did not align . the structural sleel elements under various
comb,nal,ons for dead . live and lateral
The Structuraf Sofution (Wind and seismic) loads . Plale Ihlck-
The solution overcomes the drawbacks of nesses, stiffeners and welds are deSigned
prevIous schemes A story-high trussed 10 permll opllmum behaVior of Ihe supporl
"bracket"' IS provided at each level and coliars
column to support Individual levels Inde- Connection delalls at Ihe roof and lowesl
pendently Furthermore all Irussed floor must resist slgnlflcanl net hOrlzonlal
"brackets' are Interconnected over the tenSion and compression lorces In addl-
five-story column height to permit load lion to verllcal forces Dlfferenl delalls are
sharing and deflection control among ali reqUired al Ihese IWO locations Figure 6
brackets (Figs t & 2) shows Ihe solution allhe roofllne The hor-
The Iransfer of new loads Inlo eXisting Izontal lenslon force IS reslsled directly by
columns presenled a delailing challenge. expansion bolls In Ihe roof and Ihrough a
Except al Ihe roof and lowesl level where boiled reSlralnl at Ihe base of Ihe face
dlfferenl delalls were reqUIred . Ihe hOrl- plale Sllffener plates prOVided on Ihe ver-
zonlal component of Ihe compression tical face plale Iransfer Ihe hOrlzonlal force
The Bolt is cali- force In Ihe diagonal slruts tended 10 ne- for the W8 SlrUI 10 the expansion and
brated to assure gate Ihe tension force In Ihe horizonlal Ihrough-bolls The relatively smail vertical
proper tension members ThiS resulled In the vertical force componenl IS reslsled by bearing
when the tip is force component being the primary deSign directly on the roof slablsprandrel beam
twisted off during conslderallon al Levels 5. 6. 7 and 8. The At the lowesllevel. where Ihe net hOrizontal
installation. resulting connection detail shown In Ihe force component results In compression .
Figs 3. 4 and 5 was developed Collars on the eXisting column face . Ihe detail
• One man, one convert Ihe verllcal and hOrizontal reacllon used at typical floors IS ada pled By uSing
side installation components al each supporl pOlnllo bear- a Ih,cker face plale and bearing angles.
Ing agalnsl Ihe eXisting concrele and a larger welds. and ellmlnallng the lower re-
• Non impacting, couple Into Ihe eXisting column . Bearing straint angle. Ihe tYPical detail IS made
electric wrenches agalnsllhe eXlsllng concrete occurs allhe SUitable at the lowest level
• Visual inspection exterior face of each eXlsllng column from To prOVide a reasonable degree of
• Engineerin g/field Ihe stiffened verllcal plale as well as on safety In the structure. a secondary syslem
assistance

LeJeune ....,... -----

Tension
Control
Bolts
Offer the
lowest cost
for properly
installed /
inspected
A-325 & A-490
fasteners_

LeJeune Bolt Company

8330 West 220th S t.
lakeville. MinneSOla 55044
Pho ne 612-469·5521
Fig 6 il//'inlf~s solutiO/! Ul m()f
•
22 MODERN STEEL CONSTRUCTION
 of expansion bolls between face plates structure affected by the new construction care uOlis are brought up to the standards
and the eXisting concrete structure was has adequate reserve strength to safely of Ihe new Reisman BUilding, and Will pro-
devised As with the design of the struc- suppert Ihe new loads Siruciural steel Vide patlenls Ihe same Inllmale quality and

e tural steel elements . careful analysIs de-

termined the level 01 shear and tenSion In
each boll The size and required embed-
ment length of each boll IS specilled ac-
construction was the only solution-Since
light weight, durablhty, erectablhty and
economy were essenllals for thiS project
Intenor enVIronment The solution also ex-
tends the life span of the eXisting bUilding
Into one equal to that of the bUlldmg re-
cently constructed The architect and
cordingly Conclusion structural engineering team have once
With discrete connection pOints at each The Stoneman BUilding Includes medlcall again shOwn Ihat structural steel construc-
eXlsllng exterior column, minimal demoli- surgical and obstetrlcat nursing umts, di- tion prOVided the best pesslble solution to
tion work IS reqUIted at the eXlstmg exterior agnostic cardiology, clinical neurophYSI- a complicated expanSion problem al a
wall The erection sequence calls for all ology and dialYSIS Total cost lor these ren- large medical center 0
the column collars to be Installed prior to ovations and new construction IS
erection of trussed brackets and lloor $13,635,000 Bedrooms deSigned to re-
Architect
beams There IS mlnlmat disruption to the sembte the new ones In the Reisman Build-
Martha L Rothman-Elliot Paul Rothman Inc
eXisting structure With thiS concept, Since Ing Will be generated by Stoneman's lat-
BoSlon. Massachusetts
all of the major steel elements are exter- eral expansion The lateral expansion
nally applied to the bUilding After the becomes the locus for the new pallent tOI- Structural Engineer
structural steel was Installed and the new let rooms, a loungel sllllng area for VIsitors Souza, True and Partners
space In place. the old exterior wall was and a generous expansive Window open- Watertown , Massachusetts
removed and the deSired enlargement of Ing affording a view over Boston's Fenway
the eXisting lloor space created Park. Pallents In each room Will lace oak- Construction Manager
As previously mentioned, one of the panelled walls With Integrated wa rd robes, Jackson Construction Company
balanced by strongly organized color sc- Dedham. Massachusetts
chief advantages of the trussed scheme
over the roof cantilever scheme IS that the lutlons lor repese The room IS deSigned
Steet Erector
load transfer path IS more direct New lloor to increase the patient's feeling of well-
Daniel Marr & Son Company
and roof loads are channeled Into the ex- being at Boston's Beth Israel Hospital Boston. Massachusetts
Isting columns at their correspendlng lev- the first hospital to create a Patient Bill of
els (or lower) so that the eXisting columns Righ ts. Owner
resist decreaSing loads as they ascend. As a result 01the combined new addition Bem Israel Hospnat
Each column and fOOling In the eXisting and total renovallon, Ihe Stoneman pallent Boston. Massachusetts

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,< Steel Frame Analysis & DeSign {< Steel Pipe Column AnalYSIS & DeSign
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,:- Steel Cotumn AnalYSIS & Design -:< Composite 8eam Anatysl s & DeSign
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literature,
I I
STRUCTURAL 3D S E Seventh St , SUite 02, Dept M2
ANAL VSIS, INC. Boca Raton, Fta, • 33432

1st Ouanar 1985 23

Rockingham Park:
A Fast Track for a Fast Track!
made In accordance With the AISC Type
•
by Rocco A. Blasi framing was chosen by both fhe consulting
archllect and the architect because Of the 2 conSlructlon wilh fleXible Wind connec-
speed and ease of construction With steel tion Load-Indicator bolts were used for
Foundalion plans were Issued by the ar- both the gravity load shear connections
Rocco A BIasI, PF . IS chlcf structural engineer chitect on Sept 19 1983 and construction and the Wind-moment conneclions All col-
of Bayside Associates. a Boston, Massachu- began Ocl 3 The column base plates and umns were shipped In one piece The larg-
setts :1rchltectllral engineering ftrm
column sizes and lengths were Issued to est columns were those at the photo booth
the fabncafor 10 Oclober so that an early tower. which were W 14x283. 40-ft long
date could be set for the mill roiling of the The floor beams were spaced at five ft 0 c
heavy steel columns and beams The steel supporting a composite metal deck and a
O n July 29 1980 a disastrous fire at
Rockingham Park In Salem New
Han'!, I'lre. destroyed the entire grand·
shop draWings were reviewed and
checked by the engineer. usually wilh,n a
5-ln concrete slab The largest beams
were W24x68 framing Into W33x 130
Slan(1 .tnd paddock and a part of Ihe ex- 36-hour lime frame Over 100 shop draw- beams The sloping W24x68 beams
'st,ny clubhouse Subsequently the Irack Ings Including all field reVISions. were ap- framed Into W33x 130 beams at one end
remained vacant until July 1983 when proved In less than four months Field and Into W33x 108 beams at the track Side
Rockingham Venlure headed by Max erection reqUirements for a lob of Ihls mag- Pieces cut from WI8 beams were welded
Hugel Joseph E Carney Jr Dr Thomas nitude were extremely accurate to the top flanges of the sloping beams to
F Carney and Edward J Keelan pur- Steel erection. started In mid-December prOVide level platforms 7-ft Wide for lables
chased Ihe property Their Inlenl was to 1983. was completed In mid-March 1984 and box seats
open the track to thoroughbred raCing In Over 1000 tons of structural steel and miS- The Intermediate beams to beams were
May 1984 cellaneous I(on were erected m less Ihan delalled wilh shear connections and the
The last-track design and construclion three monlhs beams to columns With moment connec-
01 Rockingham Park was accomplished A prolect of Ihls magnitude would nor- lions The sloping beams were deSigned .
With the help of archilecls engineers con- mally require SIX to eight months of deSign as an Integral part of the Wind-resistant
tractors. Iradespersons and most Impor· lime. and one and one-half to two years ngld frame Only one beam reqUifed a
lanlly Ihe offiCials of Ihe Town of Salem for construclion The total elapsed time of shop modification The entlfe bUilding
N H Their help and limely approvals were ten months from deSign to occupancy steel framing was completed With only
essenlla' to complele Ihe prolect on must be a record for the Industry. espe- three field modifications
schedule Cially dunng the winter construclion sea- The roof structure canlilevers 14 ft from
The time elemenl was Ihe mosl cntlcal son In northern New England the main roof columns toward the track
Item of the entire lob With work scheduled Space reqUirements were set by the Side. Tnangular trusses 6-ln deep at the
to start In October 1983 and the track to consulting architect Columns were parapet 12-ft deep at columns and span-
open on May 28. 1984 It actually opened spaced 30 It 0 c With a stepped section ning 13 ft were deSigned to sUPPOr! the
two days earty less than eight months from 44 ft long No mtenor diagonal bracmg was roof and ItS snow loads. the coping track
groundbreaklng Due to the time con- allowed due to the open space reqUire- lighting and part of the glass wall
stralOts lor thiS prOlecl struclural steel ments Column-to-beam conneclions were The trusses were spaced 30 ft 0 c and

Completed fast traCk. Rockmgham Park. Salem, N.H. Photo courtesy Eagle Tflbune. Toppmg out ceremomes Included
(I. to r.) Paul LaRosa, Ernie Crowley. Ed Keeland, Max Hugel, Joseph Garney and Jerry Crowley.

24 MODE RN STEEL CONSTRUCTION

•Interconnected by roof and ceiling JOists
HOrizontal angle frames transmilled the
hOrizontal wind loads back to the columns
Shipped from the fabricator In one piece,
the trusses connected with high-strength
bolts through the truss split tees to the Photo booth frammg IS comb,·
flanges of the main columns They were
all erected In less than two days
The three-story ludge. photo and an·
'.
-
+'~··~-I·'::=:::--;=~;l. .,..
................. , i<~..
-"'''!.. ~''-
nation of steel and light steel
wall studs Detail on leh

nouncer booths are over 60 ft above the .,

ground with the cupola over the photo
booth over 75 ft above ground ThiS 3 · --
story section was supported by saddle
beams at the second· floor ceiling level To
visualize the photo booth Imagine a three·
!t(GIIQIN ... .It.
story plus alilC home. with the flfst floor set _ . ,,' . 1,4

30 ft above ground Two main beams

spaced 27 ft apart to support the photo
booth are W24x68 beams 53-ft long In·
cludlng an 8 ·ft cantilever The main And commg miD the home
beams frame Into column stubs at one end stretch an uninterrupted
and are fastened to the top of a W24x68 View 01 (BCe (rom photo booth
high above stadIUm.
~ t the cantilever end Addl\ional floor
~eams were underslung Irom the top 01
Ihe bollom flange of the main beams to
provide support to the Ilfst floor beams of
the photo booth

Stepped grandstand (I.) shows steel

frammg. with tyPical step detail
(below, I.).

Four large cupolas (r.J, deSigned In

steel for ease of construction, grace
entrance canopy. Steel frammg details
diagramed below.

,.. '" 111" ,q . 1011 ......

"i . .. u fl I UIITtlUD , OJ """
t, T~' "", .I( , ~
~ .,
I 1·0'

'.•.
~

L "Yt:U "",4...Jf'
;.:. \
I Nt'I..I>'''To~I '
... tl

•
' 1·1>(f · ~" 4.
.;...~ •• · f ~ · U . ~'l '" "

f T("~tAI. S"Tr.P OeT_\l. oJ ••

!t.#\.E ' • • , '.0'
_.•
tsl Ouarter 1985 25
 A 70-lt long enclosed passageway sup-
ported from the roof 10lsts prOVides access
to the first lloor of the photo booth The
second floor of the photo booth ha. s an .
access door to the grandstand roof
S'x columns supporllng the three-story
photo booth are spaced to allow an un-
Interrupted trackslde view of the races
The floor beams, steel decking and con-
crete slab prOVide a hOrizontal diaphragm
to transmit hOrizontal loads The steel stud
Inflll walls are braced to transmit these
loads to the hOrizontal W24x68 beams and
Into the moment-reslstant main bUilding
Irame The photo booth columns were de-
Signed to support vertical loads only The
enllre structure had a nollceable hOrizontal
movement unlll the steel wall studs and
light gauge plate braCing were Installed
Once the structural steel and the IIght-
gauge steel were Interconnected. there
was no noticeable movement.
Large cupolas shaped like truncated
pyramids were deSigned for the entrance
canopy (4 each), the terrace canopy (3
each) at each corner of the entrance Side
of the grandstand and on top of the photo
booth The cupolas were deSigned In steel
because of ItS non-combustible quality, ItS
ease of construction - and the steel
proved more economical than wood .
The shape of the cupolas reqUIred ex-.
tenslve detailing . The steel was fabricated
on site at ground level and hOisted In po-
Silion . Fire-reSistant wood blocking and
plywood decking were then attached to
First is Arbed's new rolled 40" beam . .. available in 16 the steel frame The erection procedure
sections from 149 to 328 Ibs. It gives high section moduli, saved an estimated SIX weeks of construc-
great lateral buckling resistance, and competes economically lion time for the 10 cupolas. The largest
with both fabricated sections, as well as reinforced precast cupolas were 30-ft square at the base and
and prestressed concrete. 8-ft square at the top to form a truncated
pyramid of steel almost 22-ft high
Then there's Arbed's rolled " tailor-made " series (up to
The uniqueness of thiS structure IS not
42.45" x 18.13" x 848Ibs.) ... that lets you specify the beam In ItS deSign , which IS straightforward . but
weight you need, other than what is normally available. In the use of steel to achieve a remarkable
Result? Big savings: in fabrication costs and weight. speed and ease of construction 0
Why not get all the facts? Send the coupon now for
information including complete specifications.
Architect/Engineer
'fu;~~~rn~~~~~~~~7.~n BaYSide ASSOCiates
I (212) 486·9890. Domestic Telex: (W.U.) 125 159, Int'l Telex (1Tl) 421180. Boston . Massachusetts

II In Canada: TradeARBED Canada, Inc., 1176 Blair Road, Burlington,

Ontario, Canada L7M 1K9. (416) 335-5710, Telex 0618258
II Consulting Architect
Bird. FUjimoto & Fish
Please send complete Information on TradeARBED's 40 ' beams and I San Diego. Cahfornl3
I " TAILOR-MADE" beams.
I Name Tltie I General Contractor

I Firm I Crowley Corporation

Leominster, Massachusetts

•
Address ___________________________________________
~ !!!.. ________s.!!!.e__ ~I~ _ _ J Steel Fabricator
Benntnglon Iron Work s
Bennington, Vermont

Owners
•• Qra-v.)E AlBlBlEJ:) lnc_ Rockingham Venture
Salem , New Hampshire
INNOVATORS OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTS
26 MODERN STEEL CONSTRUCTION
 984 AISC
'ze Bridge Awards
Dec. 4. Leaders of the construction industry gathered
T he 1984 Prize Bridge Awards have been an-
nounced by AISC . This year 25 structures were
chosen as the most handsome and functional steel
to recognize the designers responsible for the win-
ning bridges . Plaques adapted from the Joe Kinkel -
bridges opened to traffic between Jan . 1, 1983 and designed sculpture, "The Long Reach : were pre-
June 30, 1984. Ten Prize Bridge Awards and five sented to the winners by John H. Busch, AISC chair-
Special Awards were selected in 10 classifications man of the board.
(see box). Ten Award of Merit winners were also The Prize Bridge Competition , conducted since
chosen for recognition. 1928, has over the years inspired greater attention to
Award s were presented to the designers of the the aesthetics of bridge designing as well as advanc-
winning and special structures at the prestigious ing steel as a structural material.
Fourth Annual Awards Banquet in Chicago on And the winners are-

GRADE SEPARATION MEDIUM SPAN, LOW CLEARANCE

AWARD CATEGORIES Bridges whose basIc purpose IS grade Bridges with vertical clearances of less
separal10n than 35 fl . with longest span not more
SHORT SPAN than 400 ft nor less than 125 It long
MOVABLE SPAN
Bndges with a movable span Bridges with no single span 125 f1 or MEDIUM SPAN, HIGH CLEARAN CE
more long Bridges with vertical clearances of 35 It
LONG SPAN
SPECIAL PURPOSE or more, with longest span nol more
Brldges with one or more spans over Ihan 400 II nor less Ihan 125 II long
100 II Includes pedestrian , plpehne, airplane
• and other special purpose bridges not ELEVATED HIGHWAYSNIADUCTS
RECONSTRUCTED otherwise Idenllfled Bridges with more than 'Ive spans
Bridges which have undergone major which cross one or more established
rebulldlng · reconstructlon uSing RAILROAD
Bridges (non-movable) used primarily traffic lanes. and may alford access for
structural steel to upgrade them to pedestrians or parking
current traffic requirements to carry a railroad , but may also be a
combination rail road-highway bridge

THE JURY OF AWARDS RICHARD W. KARN

Presldenl, Bissell & Karn . and
President. American
Soclely 01 C,v,l Engineers
STANLEY N. ALLAN San Leandro. Calrlornla
Presldenl, Harry Weese & Assoclales
Chicago, Ilhnols THOMAS R. KUESEL
Charrman, Parsons Brlnckerhofl
EDWARD V. HOURIGAN Quade & Douglas
Drrector. Structures DeSign, New York, New York
New York Dept. 01 Transportalion
Albany, New York CHARLES SEIM
Principal , T.Y Lin International
San FranCISco, Caillornia

L to r; Stanley N. Allan, Charles Selm,

Thomas R. Kuesel, Edward V. HOUrigan
· The Long Reach" a smgle-edilion and Richard W. Karn.
bronze by Sculptor Joe Kinkel Wmners
receIVe a bas relief of the Of/gmal
sculpture which IS displayed at AISC's
Chicago headquarters. along With
engraved names of AAE and Pnze
Bridge Award wmners

27
151 Quarter 198 5
PRIZE BRIDGE 1984- PRIZE BRIDGE 1984 PRIZE BRIDGE 1984-
MOVABLE SPAN LONG-SPAN RECONSTRUCTED
COLUMBUS DRIVE 1-470 BRIDGE over NEWBURGH-BEACON
BASCULE BRIDGE 1 OHIO RIVER 2 BRIDGE NO. 1
Chicago, Illinois Ohio County, West Virginia Newburgh, New York
One of Ihe worlds fargesl movable Single-span, lied-arch bndge, spanning High Irafflc denslly required Widening and
bndges. II carnes seven lanes of Irafflc 780 II, was acclaimed for bolh liS beauty strenglhenlng Ihls Hudson River bridge,
and Iwo 10-11 Sidewalks over a 270-11 dis- and economy Box girders of A588 sleel which carnes weslbound 1-84 lanes Five
lance between PlvOIS Each 6 3-mlllion Ib provide liS sllffness and Ihe A36 boxed hundred trusses and girders were rein -
leaf IS supported by Iwo A588 sleel box rib braCing was chosen for bolh liS arch,- forced In Ihe 14-span. 7,855·11 bridge and
girders, Ihe producl of Innovallve con- leclural expression and economy II was expanded Irom lwo 10 Ihree lanes
Slrucllon lechnlques, Ihal creales a new Though massive wllh liS lapered arch ribs With replacement stringers. The new
look In bascule bridges nSlng 130 II above Ihe girders, lurors A588 hlgh-slrenglh Sleel was palnled 10
polnled 10 liS clean lines and excellenl complemenllhe wealherlng sleel on Ihe
Designer
Emllrodyne Engineers. Inc. proportions new Ihree-span parallel bridge under
ChicagO. illinOIS Designer constructIon
General Contractor Richardson . Gordon & ASSOCiates Designer
Paschen Conlractors , Inc. Pittsburgh. Pennsylvania ModjeskI and Masters, Consulllng Engineers
Chicago. Illinois Consultant Harrisburg. Pennsylvania
Deeter Ritchey Sipple , Pittsburgh General Contractor/Erector
Steel Fabricator
USS Fabnca!ron DIV ., U.S. Sleel Corp. General Contractor! AmerICan Bridge ON., U.S S!eel Corp.
Orange. Texas FabricatorlErector Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Sleef Erector BnSIOI Sleel & Iron Works. Inc. Steel Fabricalor
Amencan Bridge DIVISIOn. U,S. Sleel Corp. Bnstol. VlrglOla USS FabncaliOn Dlv _. U,S. Steel Corp
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Owner Orange. Texas
West Virginia DOT Owner
Owner
CharleSlon, West Virginia New York State Bndge AuthOrity
City of Chicago. I1hnOI S

•
Poughkeepsie. New York

3
2

•
28 MODERN STEEL CONSTRUCTION
, PRIZE BRIDGE 1984- PRIZE BRIDGE 1984 PRIZE BRIDGE 1984
GRADE SEPARATION SHORT SPAN SPECIAL PURPOSE
~ RANBY ROAD over SNOQUALMIE RIVER ROAD: SHEEPS CROSSING
STATE RT. 137 4 BRIDGE 416 5 TRAIL BRIDGE 6
Kingsport . T e nnessee Snohomish County, Washington Made ra , California
Designer eliminated a medium pier and Muill-curved steet superstructure pro- A hikers bTidge. part of the vast network
provided a 30-ft setback from the tower vided cost-elfectlve and aesthetic sotu- In the Sierra Mountains. crosses the San
roadway by emptoylng the tong-span ca- tlon lor reptaclng a timber bTidge Over- JoaquIn In a senSitive environmental area
pabllilies of structurat steet The 339-fI hanging railings and recessed glTders So not to Violate the scenic area the de
tong haunched steet box glTders are at- produced a gracelul quality In the 2 t O-1i signer created a steet-stayed suspension
tached unlquety Integrally at one abut- radiUS curves BUilt Without disrupting bTidge that coutd be shop-fabTicated and
ment expansion-connected at the tralflc, the three-span, 272-fI bTidge adds hetlcoptered to the remote slle The steet
other to counteract uplift Icrces Jurors both form and function to ItS surround- was hot-dipped to minimize maintenance
deemed the structure as a well-propor- Ings A lightweight bndge With a timber deck It
tioned arch that appears to lloat over the Designer adds excitement for park VIsitors
highway Hennlngson, Durham & Richardson . P.S. Designer
Designer Seattle , Washington USD.A. Forest Service, Reg ion 5
DIVISion of Structures, Tennessee DOT General Contractor San FranCISco. California
Nashville, Tennessee Dale M. Madden Construction , Inc. General Contractorl
General Contractor Bellevue , Washington Steet Fabricator Erector
Phillips and Jordan. Inc. Steet Fabricatorl Erector E. F Owens Company
Knoxvi lle, Tennessee Fought & Company, Inc. Somerset. Cahfornla
Steet Fabricator Tigard . Oregon Owner
Carolina Steel Corporation Owner U SDA Forest Service
Greensboro. North Carolina Snohomish County Fresno, California
Owner Everett. Wa shington
Tennessee Deparfment of Tran sportation

•
Nashville, Tennessee

4
5

•
151 Quarter 1985 29
 PRIZE BRIDGE 1984- PRIZE BRIDGE 1984- PRIZE BRIDGE 1984-
RAILROAD MEDIUM SPAN , RECONSTRUCTED
LOW CLEARANCE
SEABOARD COAST LINE RR. LIBERTY BRIDGE
over SAVANNAH RIVER NORFORK LAKE
Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania
7 HIGHWAY BRIDGES 8
Elberton, Georgia Deemed the most extensive blldge re-
This relocated railroad blldge, part of Baxler County, Arkansas construction prolect undertaken In the
the R B Russell Lake ProJect. will have TWin spans solve the problem of In- state. the structure reqUIred beth In-
a Iinal clearance of only 20 II abeve creased traffiC across the reserVOir pre- volved deSign tasks and Intllcate JaCk-
waler level The massive 136-ln deep viously served by ferry beats Theil Ing schemes The complex prolect In-
welded plate gliders thai span 150 II clean lines and lightweight superstruc- cluded repalls to the superstructure
are 10SI In the panorama of beauty ture of weathellng steel are fashioned deck replacement and Widening and
Steel. moslly A588 was shop-fabll- of two continuous-depth welded plate replaCing t 8 of 20 main truss beallngs
cated with Snon gliders shop-assem- gliders With floor beams and stllnger s Imaginative englneellng transformed an
bled match-marked and delivered Ju Steel proved to be lowest In cost and obsolete 2 663-11 long blldge With dally
rors commended Ihe well-proportioned provided the best appearance The traffiC of over 50.000 vehicles Into an
structure's maintenance rail to empha- lightweight gliders are "xed to pier effiCient transportation structure
size thinness tops With pre-stressed anchors that Designer
Designer permitted framed bent-type piers to be SalVUCCI & Associates, Inc.
Prybytowskl and Gravino, Inc constructed abeve water and Without Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Atlanta , Georgia falsework General Contractor/Erector
General Contractors Designer (joint venture)
(joint venture) Howard Need/es Tammen & Bergendoff Dick Corporation Dick Enterprises
Bellamy Brothers. Inc .. Ellenwood, Georgia Kansas City, MIssouri Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
and PhIllips & Jordan, Inc. Steel Fabricator
General Contractor
Knoxville. Tennessee Atlas Machine and Iron Works, Inc.
Massman Construction Company
Steel Fabricator Kansas City. MISSOUri Gainesville, Georgia
Carolina Steet Corporation Owner
Steel Fabricator

•
Greensboro. North Carolina Pennsylvania DOT
Kansas City Structural Sleel Corporation
Steel Erector Kansas City, Kansas Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Bellamy Brothers. Inc
Steel Erector
Ellenwood. Georgia
Vogt and Conant Southwest Corporallon
Owner Lillie Rock , Arkansas
U,S Army Corps of Engineers
Owner
Savannah, Georgia
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Lillie Rock , Arkansas

8
7
•

30 MODERN STEEL CONSTRUCTION

 PRIZE BRIDGE 1984- SPECIAL AWARD 1984 SPECIAL AWARD 1984
MEDIUM SPAN, MOVABLE SPAN RAILROAD
. IGH CLEARANCE
VETERANS MEMORIAL THE GULF BRIDGE 12
KYBO over ROCKCASTLE BRIDGE 11 Lockport, New York
RIVER 10 Kaukauna, W isconsin A 12·span single Irack ballasl steel
Pulaski-Laurel Counttes , Kentucky Extensive engIneering Investigation de- slructure Ihe 965·11 bndge crosses a
The owner specilled steel plate girders lermlned a lilt span was Ihe most eco· deep valley known as The Gull ' The
for this structure Five framing alter· nomlcal one lor Ihls U S Canal cross - slruclure which required piers 86 "
nates Wefe conSidered with a five· Ing based on site conditions and above grade was deSigned lor Cooper
span continuous structure proving the constralnls Welded sleel fabncatlon al E·72loadlng of Ihe forces of a 13000
best Its design avoids cluttenng the talned Ihe clean lines and simple de· ton train TWin girder spans SQ·ft long
visual hanlon and keeps approach "" lalls reqUIted on Ihe overhead con- are supported by
above the high water level Longitudi- SlruCllon Cosl·effecllve welded sleel 2· and 4·legged A·frames 01 36'ln
nal and transverse stiffeners on the In· box secttons form all matn towers and pipeline These unique piers lesion
tenor web permit minimal use of exte· braCing members A transverse Vle ren- caissons up 10 97 II deep The resull
nor stiffeners The lurors point 10 a well - deel Slrut slmp""es deSign and labnca- a pleaSing SIrUClure crealed by a hlgh-
proporiioned span with details that lion of Ihe lowers Ihal conlaln mach,n· lech solution of an older lechnology
present a stnklng effect ery and coni rois The lurors acclaimed DeSigner
Designer Ihe clean lines and sculplure·llke slm- Bechtel CIvil & MInerals. Inc
Kroboth Eng,"eers, Inc phclly San FranCISCO. Cahfornla
Lexington. Kentucky DeSigners Consultant
General Contractor Ayres ASSOCiates, Eau Claire, Wisconsin. Ralph Whitehead & ASSOCiates
R R Dawson Brtdge Company and Harnnglon & Cortelyou. Inc Ailanla. Georg,.
Lexington. Kentucky Kansas City. MISSOUri General Contractor Erector
Steel Fabricator General Contractor/Erector (superstructure)
High Sleel Structures, Inc. Lunda Construction Co C,ves Sleel Company. Conklin, New York
Lancaster, Pennsylvania Black River FaUs, WisconSin General Contractor (substructure)
Owner Steel Fabricator Lane Construction Corp
• nIUCk Y OOT PhoeniX Sleel. Inc. Merldon. Connecticut
• rank fort . Kentucky Eau Claire, WisconSin Owner
Owner Somerset Railroad CorporatIOn
City of Kaukauna. Wisconsin Binghamton. New York

10

•
11

12

1SI Duarter 1985 31

SPECIAL AWARD 1984 SPECIAL AWARD 1984 SPECIAL AWARD 1984
SPECIAL PURPOSE MEDIUM SPAN, RECONSTRUCTED
HIGH CLEARANCE
R.C.C. PIPERACK BRIDGE ELLICOTT CREEK BRIDGE •
Catlett sburg , Kentucky 13 BONANZA-WHITE RIVER Buffalo, New York 15
Two arch ribs support a plperack to BRIDGE 14 Deck timbers. steel girders and stflng
carry petroteum over a multr-track right Utntah County, Utah ers of Ihls bndge bUilt around 1890, fi -
of way a prlvale spur and an access nally succumbed 10 time and lhe ele
It filS so well Into the landscape that
road and solve an age-old problem ments and could no longer car ry
few realtze It IS a bridge. were It not for
The box-girder nbs and secondary heavy malnlenance Irucks and ulility
railings DeSigned and erected In nine
members were fabrlcaled of A572 vehicles USing salvaged limbers and
months, It met strict deadlines ThiS
hlgh·strenglh steel. with fireproofing steel the conlraClor rebUilt Ihe struc-
Ihree·span welded plale bridge de-
added The slender Circular form. ture lor less than $20,000 Two 9 ft 0 C
signed to AASHTO HS-30 loads. car
erected In Ihree weeks wllhoul false main gliders were set In refurbished
nes heavy equipment to a shale mine
work. creales a visual link to a highly stone abutmenls Now capable of car
Haunched wealherlng steel girders fit
,ndustnal,zed slle to produce an unu- ry,ng modern loads the bndge stands
aestheltcally With the area's geology
sual Ireatment 01 a common struclure as a perfect example of updating old
The turors conSidered the bridge spec -
not normally attractive. Slructures to new needs
tacutar for ItS height span and loading
Designer Designer Designer
Columbus Englneenng Gonsullanls. lid Joseph Freeman, P.E
Horrocks Engmeers
Columbus. OhiO Buffalo. New York
Amencan Fork, Utah
Generat Contractor Owner General Contractor Steet Fabricator
Consultant
Ashland Petroleum Company J W_Lintner Construction, Inc
D. Allen Flrmage
Ashland, Kentucky Williamsville, New York
ProllO, Utah
Steet Fabricator General Contractor Owner
Mid States Steel Producls Co Pari< Country Club 01 Buffalo
W W Clyde Conslruc11Ofl
LeXington. Kentucky Williamsville, New York
SpnngVllle. Ulah
Steet FabricatorfErector

•
Utah PaCIfic Bridge & Sleel Company
Lindon. Utah
Owner
Ulnlah County, Vernal, Utah

14

t5

13
•
32 MODERN STEEL CONSTRUCTION
 AWARDS OF MERIT

t AWARD OF MERIT 1984 AWARD OF MERIT 1984 AWARD OF MERIT 1984

GRADE SEPARATION MEDIUM SPAN , HIGH LONG SPAN
CLEARANCE
. ALGODONES McNAUGHTON BRIDGE
INTERCHANGE LOCUST STREET VIADUCT Pekin, Illinois
Algodones, New Mexico Milwaukee, Wisconsin Designer
Designer/Owner Designer TEe Engineers. LId
Bureau 01 Bridges & Public BUildings Northlake, "linols
New MexIco State Highway Department
Santa Fe. New MexICO Milwaukee. Wisconsin General Contractor Steel Fabricator
General Contractor/Erector General Contractor/Erector Bnstol Steel & Iron Works. Inc
A. S. Horner. Inc. Lunda Construction Company Bnstol. Virginia
Littleton. Colorado Black River Falls, Wisconsin Steel Erector
Steel Fabricator Steel Fabricators Amencan Bridge DIVIsion. U,S Steel Corp
Hartwig Manufacturing Corporation Pittsburgh. Pennsylvania
The Midwest Steel & Iron Works Company
Denver. Colorado Wausau , WisconSin, and Owner
Phoemx Steel. Inc. Dlv of Highways. IllinoIs DOT
Eau Claire. WisconSin Springfield. IllinOIS
Owner
City of Milwaukee, WisconSin

• AWARD OF MERIT 1984

SHORT SPAN
WHITECHUCK RIVER
AWARD OF MERIT 1984
RAILROAD
MARTA AERIAL
AWARD OF MERIT 1984
VIADUCT
UNION PACIFIC OVERPASS
BRIDGE STRUCTURE over Cheyenne, Wyoming
Mount Baker Snoqualmie National RAI LROADS-CS310 Designer
Forest. Washington Atlan ta, Georgia Bridge Design Branch. WyomIng State
Hwy Dept . Cheyenne. Wyoming
Designer Designer
Federal Highway Administration Anderson-Nichols & Company. Inc General Contractors Erectors
Denver. Cok)raclo Boston. Massachusens Engineered Structures of Wyoming .
Cheyenne. and
General Contractor/Erector General Contractor
W C McKasson. Inc. Sletten Construcllon Company
Moseman Underground Continental
Lllhwaup, Washington Great Falls. Montana
Hetler, JV
Steel Fabricator Redding . California Steel Fabricators
Fought & Company Carohna Steel Corporation
Steel Fabricator Greensboro, North Carolina. and
Tigard. Oregon Carolina Steel Corporation
Greensboro. North Carolina The Midwest Steel and Iron Works . Inc.
Owner Denver. CokJrado
US 0 A Forest Service. PaCific NW Region Owner
Porttand, Oregon Metropolitan Allanta Rapid TranSit Authority Owner
Atlanta. Georgia Wyoming Siale Highway Department

151 Ouarter 1985 33

 AWARD OF MERIT 1984- AWARD OF MERIT 1984-
MEDIUM SPAN , LOW GRADE SEPARATION
CLEARANCE
MERRITT PARKWAY over .
GREEN RIVER BRIDGE ROUTE 8
Uintah County, Utah Trumbull , Connecticut
Designer Designer
E. WAllen & ASSOCiates Seelye Stevenson Value & Knecht. Inc.
Salt Lake City. Utah Stratford. Connecticut
General Contractor General Contractor
W. W. Clyde & Company Arute Brothers, Inc.
Springville. Utah New Britain. Connecticu t
Steel FabrlcatorlErector Steel Fabricatorl Erector
McNally Mountain States Steel Co. The Standard Structural Steel Company
Lindon. Utah NeWington, Connecllcut
Owner Owner
, Ulntah County Commission, Vernal, Utah Connecllcut DOT
~ Wethersfield. Connecllcut

NATIONAL
INSTITUTE OF
STEEL DETAILINC

representing:
the independent steel detailer

dedicared ro: AWARD OF MERIT 1984 AWARD OF MERIT 1984

increasing professionalism in the SPECIAL PURPOSE MEDIUM SPAN , LOW
steel detailing industry and CLEARANCE
improving relations among NORTH BIKEWAY BRIDGE
colleagues in the steel over GREATER MIAMI LEATHERWOOD FORD
construction industry RIVER Big South Fork National River &
Dayton, Ohio Recreation Area, Tennessee
Designer Designer
contact us for further info muJrion on: Lockwood. Jones & Beals
Kroboth Engineers. Inc.
• associate membership Dayton , Ohio
LeXington. Kentucky
• membership roster General Contractor General ContractorlErector
• publica tions available Elmo Greer & Sons, Inc.
Milier-Valenilne Corporation
London, Kentucky
• quality procedures program Dayton. Ohio
• association goals and activities Steel Fabricator Steel Fabricator
Mound Steel Corporation Gamble's Inc.
Springboro. Ohio Montgomery, Alabama

EXECUTIVE OFFICE Owner Owner

The Miami Conservancy District U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
2506 GROSS POINT ROAD Nashville, Tennessee
Daylon, Ohio
EVANSTON, ILLINOIS 60201
(3121475-7530

34 MODERN STEEL CONSTRUCTION

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System, Cellular Decks, Roof Decks, Form
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35
AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION
The Wrigley Building, 400 North Michigan Avenue
Chicago, IL 60611
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