Useful Expressions for Summary

Expressions which give general information on the article and the author:
 The article (paper, text) goes under the title « ».
- goes under the heading (headline) « ».

 The article (paper) is entitled…

- is headlined…
 It was published in…
 It was written by…
 IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing dated the 25th of March carries an article headlined …
 In their October 2010 article in the IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, "_______________"
authors Wilson and Crawford report that…

Expressions which enable you to characterize the article:

 In Anthony Tyson's 1999 article "Mapping Dark Matter with Gravitational Lenses,"
______________(main idea)______________.
 According to Yvonne Boskin in her article "Blue Whale Population May Be Increasing off
California"(1998) ______ (main idea)_________________.
 Yong and Song's 1991 paper on fluoridation discusses__________(main idea)______________.
 Author Peter Bernstein in his book Capital Ideas (1990) states that ______ (main idea)___________.
 Marcia Barinaga, in her 1995 article "Is There a Female Style in Science?" states that men and
women exhibit differences in the way they pursue science.

 The paper (article) under discussion/consideration is intended (aims) to describe…

- explain...
- examine...
- survey…
 As the title implies the article describes ...
 The paper is concerned with…

 The text is about deals with…

- presents…
- describes…
- tells about…
 (In the text) the reader is told about…
- gets to know…
- is informed about…
 It is devoted to the problem of…
- tackles
- touches upon
 The paper discusses the situation…
- reflects on the situation in
 The article dwells on the topic
- problem of
- portrays
- depicts
  The article gives many details
- looks into the situation of…
- reports at length…
- carries a lot of comment on…
- takes a critical view of…
 The author of the article is in favour of…
- is opposed to…
 The main idea of the article (the controlling idea) is
 It gives a detailed analysis of…
 It draws our attention to…
 It is stressed that…
 The article is of great help to
 The article is of interest to …
 The purpose of the article is to show...
- to prove...
- develop...
- summarize...
- find out…
 Special attention is paid (given) to …
 Some factors are taken into consideration (account)
 A brief account of … is given in the article
 The author refers to …
 Reference is made to ….
 The author gives a review of ….

Expressions which help you to highlight the contents of the article:

 At the beginning of the text the author describes…
- explains...
- states ...
- point out...
- characterizes...
- enumerates...
- stresses...
- underlines… .  
 The article begins with the description of...
- the analysis of...
- the review of...
- the characterization of...
- the author’s opinion of …
 The author/the article starts with dwelling on…

 Then (after that, next) the author passes on to...

- goes on to say about...
- gives a detailed analysis (description) of … .

 The author/the article goes on to say that…

 The author/the article outlines…
- points out...
- reviews...
- analyses...
- aims at...
 - raises the problem of ...
- highlights ...
- draws our attention to...
- argues that...
- expresses the opinion that...
- insists...
- stresses...
- emphasizes...
- makes the reader feel and understand that...
- compares something to something...
- draws a parallel between ...
- contrasts ...
- lays a special emphasis on...
- provides the reader with new experiences (ideas) ...
- has an impact on the reader...
- presents a new insight into the problem of...
- covers a variety of problems (topics)...
- gives a wide range of problems (a thorough analysis)...
- criticizes...
- makes it clear that...
- expresses profound concern...
- comes out against...
- gives a warning that...
- informs the reader about...

 It is known that
 It should be noted
 The fact that … is stressed
 A mention should be made about
 It is spoken in detail about
 It is reported that
 The text gives valuable information on
 Much attention is given to
 It is shown that
 There is some interesting information in the paper
 It is expected (observed) that
 It is reported (known, demonstrated) that
 It appears (seems, proves) that
 It is likely (certain, sure)
 It should be remembered (noted, mentioned) ….

Expressions helping finish rendering and express your attitude

 In conclusion (at the end of the article) the author underlines...

- criticizes...
- draws the conclusion that …
- sums up…
- suggests that…
 The article ends with the analysis of … .
 The author claims ...
- believes ...
- thinks that
 The author/the article concludes by saying that…
 The paper summarizes…
 The following conclusions are drawn…
 The author gives several solutions of the problem…
- concludes by saying that…
- draws a conclusion that…

 In short…
 To sum it up…
 In summary…
 In conclusion…
 To sum up….
 To cut a long story short…
 In a nutshell…
 To crown it all…
 On the whole…
 All in all…
 All things considered…
 Taking everything into account…

 In my view...
 From my own perspective...
 In my opinion...
 To my mind...
 Personally I am in two minds...
 I doubt...
 I believe...
 I suppose...
 As for me...
 I find the article informative (thought-provoking).
 It’s really hard to say, but I think...
 Could I just say that...
 I can’t really agree with that.
 I can’t but agree with the author that.
 I don’t share the author’s opinion that...
 I think the author is absolutely right about…
 I totally agree that...
 That is true to a certain extent...
 I’m not really sure...
 I don’t believe that at all.
 I think that it is a ridiculous idea...
 It could be argued that...
 It is difficult to accept this point of view as (because, since)...
 Although the author argues that …, we should consider...
 Despite claims that …, it is a fact that...
 While it might be argued that …, the truth is ...
 Though it is true that…, we should also bear in mind that...
 I cannot accept this because…...
 Although there is …, I still feel that....
 That brings me to the end of my report.
 That was all I wanted to tell you about....
 Expressions for providing links between and inside the paragraph:

Initially…
In the first place…
First of all…
To start
Begin with…
Secondly,…
Thirdly,…
Фразы, перечисляющие точки зрения и аспекты After this…
обсуждаемой проблемы в хронологическом порядке или в Afterwards…
порядке важности Next,…
Before this…
Finally,…
Last but not least,…
Lastly,…
Eventually…
In the end….
At last…
In addition to this…
Besides...
Moreover...
Further…
Furthermore…
What is more…
Also…
Apart from this…
Фразы, добавляющие новые аспекты
Not to mention the fact that…
both…and…
Not only...but..
as well…
Neither…nor…
Nor…
Neither…
Either…
Because…
The reason why … is that…
As a result of this
Consequently…
Фразы, выражающие причину Because of…
Due to/owing to…
Due to the fact that…
For this reason…
On the grounds that…
Фразы, подчеркивающие контраст, уступку, связывающие Contrary to…
различающиеся идеи However…
On the other hand…
In spite of
Despite…
Even though
Although…
Nevertheless…
Otherwise….
 Yet…
Whereas…
Much as...
Nevertheless…
Still...
No matter how/what…
In contrast…
Regardless of…
Admittedly…
Considering…
For example
for instance
Such as
Like
Фразы, приводящие пример, доказательство, аргументацию
Especially
In particular
To give just one example
Particularly
And therefore…
and as a result…
and consequently…
so…
Фразы, выражающие следствие as a consequence…
this is caused by…
So…
Thus…
In view of the fact that …
After that…
Once
When
After…
As soon as…
Before…
By the time…
Hardly…when...
Фразы, выражающие последовательность событий во
No sooner…than…
времени
Now that...
The minute/the moment that…
Whenever…
While…
The first
next
last time…
Just as…
As far as…
As for…
Regarding/concerning/considering…
Фразы, затрагивающие другие аспекты проблемы With reference/regard/respect to…
As far as … is concerned
In respect/regard/reference to this…
- to the fact that ….
Фразы, поясняющие точку зрения автора текста, In other words...
уточняющие высказывание To put it another way…
 What I mean is…
This means that…
I mean…
Specifically…
That is to say
Where…
Фразы, показывающие расположение предметов в
Wherever…
пространстве относительно друг друга
As high/low/far/near as
In order to
So as to…
So that …can/may/might/could…
With a view to…
Фразы, объясняющие цель действия
With the aim of…
In case...
For fear of ...
Lest...
As if…
As though...
As…
Фразы, объясняющие образ действия
In the way (that)…
The way in which...
In the same way as...
Similarly…
Likewise...
In the same way...
Equally as…
Фразы, подчеркивающие сходство и сопоставление Half as…
Nothing like…
Twice as…
Less…than…
Nowhere near as …as…
Or…
On the other hand…
Фразы, указывающие на существование альтернативы
Either…or...
Alternatively…
Besides…
Not only this...also...
As well…
What is more...
In fact…
Фразы, добавляющие эмфазу высказанной мысли
As a matter of fact...
To tell you the truth...
Actually...
Indeed...
Let alone…
Фразы, указывающие на наличие условия If…
in case…
Assuming that...
On condition that…
Provided
Providing that…
Unless…
In the event that
 of…
As
so long as…
Granted
granting that…
Whether…
Whether…or…
Only if…
Even if…
Otherwise…
Or(else)…
In case of
Consequently…
Then…
Under those circumstances…
If so…
Фразы, указывающие на причинно-следственную связь с If not…
определенным условием So…
Therefore…
In that case…
Otherwise…
Thus…