The document discusses determining the angle between two lines given by their equations. It provides formulas to calculate the angle between the lines based on their slopes. It also discusses the conditions for two lines to be perpendicular or parallel. Specifically, two lines are perpendicular if the product of their slopes is -1, and two lines are parallel if their slopes are equal. The angle between the lines can be found using the tangent of the angle and the difference between the slopes.
The document discusses determining the angle between two lines given by their equations. It provides formulas to calculate the angle between the lines based on their slopes. It also discusses the conditions for two lines to be perpendicular or parallel. Specifically, two lines are perpendicular if the product of their slopes is -1, and two lines are parallel if their slopes are equal. The angle between the lines can be found using the tangent of the angle and the difference between the slopes.
The document discusses determining the angle between two lines given by their equations. It provides formulas to calculate the angle between the lines based on their slopes. It also discusses the conditions for two lines to be perpendicular or parallel. Specifically, two lines are perpendicular if the product of their slopes is -1, and two lines are parallel if their slopes are equal. The angle between the lines can be found using the tangent of the angle and the difference between the slopes.
The document discusses determining the angle between two lines given by their equations. It provides formulas to calculate the angle between the lines based on their slopes. It also discusses the conditions for two lines to be perpendicular or parallel. Specifically, two lines are perpendicular if the product of their slopes is -1, and two lines are parallel if their slopes are equal. The angle between the lines can be found using the tangent of the angle and the difference between the slopes.
Hence if angles between the lines y = m1x + c1 and y = m2x + c2 be the θ then,
1m −m2 tanθ =± 1+m 1 m2
1− 2 m −m θ = tan-1(± 1+m 1 2 ) 1 m2
Condition of Perpendicularity o. Two lines AB and CD will be perpendicular to each other if the angle between them θ = 90 1 m −m 2 We have tanθ = ± 1+m 1 m2 m −m or, tan900 = ± 1+m 1 2 1 m2 1+m m or, cot900 = ± m −1m 2 1 2
1+m m or, 0 = m −1m 2 1 2
or, 1 +m1m2 =0
or, m1m2 = -1
Two lines will be perpendicular to each other if m1m2 = -1
i.e. if product of the slopes = -1 .
Condition of Parallelism 0. Two lines AB and CD will be parallel to each other if the angle between them θ = 0 1m −m2 we have, tanθ = ± 1+m 1 m2
∴ Two lines will be parallel to each other if m1 = m2 i.e. if slopes are equal.
Angle between the lines A1x + B1y + C1 = 0 and A2x + B2y +C2 = 0 Angle between the lines A1x + B1y + C1 = 0 and A2x + B2y +C2 = 0 Let equations of two straight lines AB and CD be A1x + B1y + C 1 = 0 and A2x + B2y + C2 = 0 respectively.
A Then slope of AB = -B1 1
A Slope of CD = - 2 B2 Let the lines AB and CD make angles θ1 and θ2 with the positive direction of X-axis.
A1 A Then, tanθ1 = - and tanθ2 = - 2 B1 B2 Let ∠CEA = Φ. Then, θ1 = θ1 - θ2
coefficient of x a Slope of this line = - =- coefficient of y b a Slope of the line parallel to this line = - b a Now, equation of a line having slope - is given by b y = mx + c a or, y = - x + c b or, by = -ax + bc or, ax + by - bc = 0 or, ax + by + k = 0 where, k = -bc. Hence equation of any line parallel to ax + by + c = 0 is given by ax + by + k = 0 where k is an arbitrary constant.
Equation of any line perpendicular to ax +by +c = 0
Equation of the given line is ax + by + c = 0
coefficient of x a Slope of this line = - =- coefficient of y b b Slope of the line perpendicular to given line = a b Now equation of a line having slope a is given by
y = mx + c b or, y = a x + c
or, ay = bx + ac or, bx - ay + ac = 0 or, bx - ay +k = 0 where k = ac. Hence, equation of any line perpendicular to ax + by + c = 0 is given by bx - ay + k = 0 where k is an arbitrary constant.
