STA.

IGNACIA HIGH SCHOOL

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Santa Ignacia, Tarlac 2303

LEARNING MODULE
MUSIC GRADE 9 | Q1
(WEEK 1)

MUSIC OF THE 20TH CENTURY

___________________________________
Student’s Name

___________________________________
Grade and Section

EDRIAN R. DOMINGO
Subject Teacher
NAME: ___________________________________________ DATE STARTED: ___________________
GRADE AND SECTION: ______________________________ DATE COMPLETED: ________________

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET – MODULE 1 (WEEK 1)

MUSIC OF THE 20TH CENTURY: IMPRESSIONISM AND EXPRESSIONISM
Music is important in the life of many people. It is a form of art that existed even during the ancient times. In this module, you
will learn how music was developed in the 20th century and brought various changes in the musical world. It is a period were composers
or musicians acquired independence in writing their music. Their own ideas were brought and expressed out. The use of technology
was also utilized in their compositions. This module will also help you gain more understanding on the 20 th century stylistic styles such
as Impressionism, Expressionism, Electronic music, and Chance music and get to know some important figures such as Claude
Debussy, Maurice Ravel, and Arnold Schoenberg.

CONTENT STANDARDS
The Learner demonstrates understanding of 20th century music styles and characteristic features.

PERFORMANCE STANDARD
The Learner creates musical pieces using particular style/s of the 20th Century.

MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCIES

The Learner…
 describes distinctive musical elements of given pieces in 20th century styles;
 explains the performance practice (setting, composition, role of composers/performers, and audience) of 20th century music;
 relates 20th Century music to other art forms and media during the same time period;
 performs music sample from the 20th century
 evaluates music and music performances using guided rubrics

LESSONS AND COVERAGE:

Title Topic
a. Historical and cultural background
Impressionism
b. Composers: Claude Debussy, and Maurice Ravel

a) Historical and cultural background

Expressionism
b) Composer: Schoenberg and Stravinsky
a) Electronic music
Others
b) Chance music

MODULE MAP
Here is a simple map of the above lessons you will cover.

REQUIRED SKILLS
20TH CENTURY MUSIC

IMPRESSIONISM Listening
Reading
PROCESS Imitating/Recreating
THROUGH Responding
HISTORY Creating
Performing
EXPRESSIONISM MUSICAL STYLES Analyzing
COMPOSERS

OTHER MUSICAL
EXPECTED SKILLS STYLES
To do well in this module, you need to remember and do the following:
1. Read the instructions carefully before starting anything
2. Complete all the activities and worksheet given
3. Use dictionary and the like to find the meaning of the words that you do not understand.
4. Use notebook to summarize what you have just read, to compute your answers and record scores, and to revise final scores.
5. Review the criteria in the rubrics and evaluate your work using the provided checklist.
6. Make a timetable for your study. Do not force yourself to answer everything if you are already tired. Give yourself time to relax.
ACTIVITIES
MONDAY TUEDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY

 Answer Pre
Assessment  Listening Activity
 Reading Activity:  Reading Activity:
 DEADLINE AND
Expressionism in
Impressionism in  ACTIVITY 4 QUIZ DAY SUBMISSION OF
Music
music MODULE
 ACTIVITY 2
 Listening Activity  ACTIVITY 3
 ACTIVITY 1

PRE ASSESSMENT

Let us find out how much you already know about this module. Pre-assessment test is a non-graded assessment tool used to
determine pre-existing subject knowledge. Please answer all items honestly without peeking through the rest of the module. After taking
the short test, ask your teacher to check your work. Take note of the item that you were not able to correctly answer and look for the
answer as you go through this module
To assess what you know about the music of the 20th Century, answer the following activities.

I. Direction: Encircle the letter of your choice.

1. In music, the early twentieth century was a time of

a. the continuation of old forms c. revolt and change
b. stagnation d. disinterest
2. Which of the following statements is not true?
a. Twentieth-century music follows the same general principles of musical structure as earlier periods.
b. After 1900 each musical composition is more likely to have a unique system of pitch relationships, rather than be organized
around a central tone.
c. Twentieth-century music relies less on pre-established relationships and expectations.
d. The years following 1900 saw more fundamental changes in the language of music than any time since the beginning of the
baroque era.
3. Which statement about composers of the 20th century is not true?
a. Composers were asking the question "How can we make the music from the past better?"
b. Some composers trying to distance themselves from the past.
c. Some composers tried to return to some aspect of the past, especially the Classical Period.
d. Composers had ambivalent attitudes toward the musical past.
4. Which statement concerning 20th century music is not true?
a. Art music was becoming more relevant in day-to-day life.
b. Composers whose music has become more and more complex have widened the gap between art and popular music.
c. There was a widening gap between art music and popular music.
d. Popular music especially jazz, country and rock became the central musical focus of the majority of
people in the Western world.
5. The first significant atonal pieces were composed around 1908 by
a. Claude Debussy c. Igor Stravinsky
b. Arnold Schoenberg d. Aaron Copland
6. The most important impressionist composer was
a. Bela Bartok c. Richard Wagner
b. Claude Debussy d. Arnold Schoenberg
7. Impressionism in music is characterized by
a. a stress on tone color, atmosphere, and fluidity c. the recurrence of strong accents on the downbeat
b. an adherence to traditional harmonic chord d. all of the above
progressions
8. Neoclassical composers favored
a. clear polyphonic textures c. programmatic music
b. unusual and exotic scales d. homophonic textures
9. Neoclassical composers favored
a. program music c. tonality
b. atonality d. large orchestras
10. Neoclassical compositions are characterized by
a. harsh dissonances c. the use of the twelve-tone system
b. forms and stylistic features of earlier periods d. whole-tone scales
11. Expressionism stressed
a. intense subjective emotion c. reticence
b. surface beauty d. subtle feeling
12. Expressionist painters, writers, and composers used ____________ to assault and shock their audience.
a. deliberate distortions c. clearly defined forms
b. pastel colors d. vague nature scenes
13. Which of the following statements is not true?
a. Expressionist painters reacted against French impressionism; they often used jarring colors and
grotesquely distorted shapes to explore the subconscious.
b. Expressionist artists favored pleasant subjects, delicate pastel colors, and shimmering surfaces.
c. A stress on harsh dissonance, an exploitation of extreme registers, fragmentation, and unusual
instrumental effects are all characteristics of expressionistic compositions.
d. Twentieth-century musical expressionism grows out of the emotional turbulence in the works of late romantics like Wagner,
Richard Strauss, and Gustav Mahler.
14. Schoenberg developed an unusual style of vocal performance, halfway between speaking and singing, called
a. Klangfarbenmeiodie c. serialism
b. atonality d. Sprechstimme
15. Which statement concerning serialism is true?
a. Serial composers were challenged to write music that sounded bizarre and illogical
b. Serialism is created through mathematical methods.
c. Composers came up with ways to serialize the notes that were played but other musical elements such as note length,
dynamics, and texture were totally left up to chance.
d. Serial music was widely accepted and enjoyed by the average concert-goer because of its Classical style.
16. Since World War II, musical styles have
a. remained relatively stable c. returned to the styles of the nineteenth century
b. concentrated on perfecting the twelve-tone system d. taken many new directions and changes
17. Milton Babbitt was the first composer to
a. extend serial principles of organization to all musical dimensions
b. combine live and electronic music
c. use the electronic medium
d. use computers in the composition of music
18. Chance music was pioneered by
a. Milton Babbitt c. John Cage
b. Claude Debussy d. Igor Stravinsky
19. Which statement about chance music is not true?
a. Chance music aimed to remove all creative choice from the composers, leaving it all up to chance.
b. Chance music often relied on coin flips or dice rolls to determine how something is performed.
c. Chance music is a form of serialism where the composer controls every aspect of the music.
d. Chance music is now viewed as a passing fad of the mid-20th century.
20. Which statement about minimalism is not true?
a. This style has spread into pop music.
b. Musical patterns are repeated over and over then varied over long stretches of time.
c. Minimalistic music often has a trance-like or hypnotic affect.
d. Minimalistic music uses a large amount of musical material.
21. Serialism is a compositional technique in which
a. a series of five pitches could be constantly repeated
b. a series of musical ideas would follow each other in quick succession
c. a series of rhythms, dynamics, or tone colors could serve as a unifying idea
d. the World Series was the unifying idea of a composition
22. In chance, or aleatory music the composer
a. writes the music in a traditional manner, but allows the recording engineer to make electronic changes
b. writes a rhythmic pattern but leaves it to the performer to determine the actual pitches
c. takes a chance on which performers will perform the work
d. chooses pitches, tone colors, and rhythms by random methods
23. Minimalist music is characterized by
a. rapidly changing dynamics and textures
b. the use of twelve-tone techniques to organize the dimensions of music
c. a steady pulse, clear tonality, and insistent repetition of short melodic patterns
d. the development of musical materials through random methods
24. Twentieth-century composers incorporated elements of folk and popular music within their personal styles because
a. it made it more fun to perform
b. it simplified technical problems of musical composition
c. it made their music more commercially viable
d. they were attracted to the unconventional rhythms, sounds, and melodic patterns
25. Around 1940, John Cage invented the prepared piano, a(n)
a. ensemble of percussion instruments
b. grand piano complete with flowers, candelabra, and elaborate decorations
c. grand piano whose sound is altered by objects such as bolts, screws, rubber bands, pieces of felt, paper and plastic inserted
between the strings of some of the keys
d. electronic producing many percussive sound
LESSON 1. IMPRESSIONISM IN MUSIC
The 20th century is a period of many changes and a time of great expansion and development. It was dominated by a chain of
events that showed significant changes in world history which included two global wars: World War I (1914-1918) and World War II
(1939-1945). The advancement in science and technology and inventions in the fields of transportation and communication greatly
influenced humanity. The arts followed the materialistic and mechanized age of the present world and society’s return to objectivity,
expressionism, functionalism.
In music, advancement in technology during the 20th century brought dramatic innovations in forms and styles of music. A large
number of music was composed and became widely accessible to people through expanded channels of publication, recording, concert
performance, and educational resources. Because music was not confined in concerts, theaters, and clubs, the artists and their music
easily gained recognition and popularity world-wide.
Music in this century brought new freedom and wide experimentation with new musical style and forms. These musical styles
were derived from developments of painting, some were a continuation of earlier stylistic concepts, and others were musical concepts
that belonged to the 20th century. The most prominent trait that greatly influenced the flow of music was individualism wherein
composers were able to invent, compose, and write music according to their own style and free will. This new trend in music brought
out a violent reaction from some traditional composers. The most famous scene in music history was the ballet of Igor Stravinsky’s The
Rite of Spring which nearly caused a riot among its audience during its premiere in May 29, 1913 in Paris. Some conservative
musicians and audiences during that time considered his work as noise. It is now, however, highly recognized and commonly heard in
jazz, rock, and musical themes for movies and television.
The development of modern music can be seen in the various styles of some great composers such as Claude Debussy, Igor
Stravinsky, Arnold Schoenberg, and Béla Bartók. Folk music was used and studied by Béla Bartók, a proponent scholar of folk music in
Hungary. Jazz and popular music made its way in this century and the twelve-tone scale (the arrangement of twelve-tones serving as
the basis for the whole piece) also was introduced by Arnold Schoenberg.

IMPRESSIONISM
Impressionism is a French movement developed in the late 19 th and early 20th century. This
movement was derived from Claude Monet’s painting entitled Impression, Sunrise in 1872.
This style, borrowed from painting, tries to capture an immediate impression of a subject with
the use of light and color. In music, Impressionism was started by Debussy in reaction to the
dramatic emotionalism of romantic music. Impressionism may be described as having
refinement, vague in form, delicate in nature, and conveys atmosphere and subtle emotion.
Like painting, impressionist music projects a hazy and dream-like quality and usually use
nature as the subject. It abandoned the traditional major and minor harmonies and used new
combination of extended chords, whole-tone chords, chromaticism, and exotic rhythm and
scale. It also characterized by overlapping of different chords, unresolved dissonances, rich
orchestral color, and free rhythm.
The foremost proponents of impressionistic movement include the French composers
Claude Debussy and Maurice Ravel who developed a particular style in music. Some of the
notable composer in other countries were Ottorino Respighi from Italy, Manuel de Falla and
Isaac Albeniz from Spain, and Ralph Vaughan Williams from England.

LISTENING ACTIVITY

Listen to the following 20th century music:

La Mer - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FOCucJw7iT8

Bolero - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r30D3SW4OVw

Answer the following questions:

1. What can you say about the music you have heard?
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2. Which music do you like the best? Why?

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3. Which music do you dislike most? Why?

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Impressionist Composers

CLAUDE DEBUSSY (1862–1918)

One of the most important and influential of the 20th century composers was Claude Debussy.
He was the primary exponent of the impressionist movement and the focal point for other impressionist
composers.
He changed the course of musical development by dissolving traditional rules and conventions
into a new language of possibilities in harmony, rhythm, form, texture, and color. Debussy was born in St.
Germain-en-Laye in France on August 22, 1862. His early musical talents were channeled into piano
lessons. He entered the Paris Conservatory in 1873. He gained a reputation as an erratic pianist and a
rebel in theory and harmony.
He added other systems of musical composition because of his musical training. In 1884, he
won the top prize at the Prix de Rome competition with his composition L’Enfant Prodigue (The Prodigal
Son). This enabled him to study for two years in Rome, where he got exposed to the music of Richard
Wagner, specifically his opera Tristan und Isolde, although he did not share the latter’s grandiose style.

Debussy’s mature creative period was represented by the following works:

 Ariettes Oubliées
 Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun
 String Quartet
 Pelléas et Mélisande (1895) - his famous operatic work that drew mixed extreme reactions for its innovative harmonies and
textural treatments.
 La Mer (1905) - a highly imaginative and atmospheric symphonic work for orchestra about the sea
 Images, Suite Bergamasque, and Estampes - his most popular piano compositions; a set of lightly textured pieces containing
his signature work Claire de Lune (Moonlight)

His musical compositions total more or less 227 which include orchestral music, chamber music, piano music, operas, ballets,
songs, and other vocal music. The creative style of Debussy was characterized by his unique approach to the various musical
elements. Debussy’s compositions deviated from the Romantic Period and is clearly seen by the way he avoided metric pulses and
preferred free form and developed his themes. Debussy’s western influences came from composers Franz Liszt and Giuseppe Verdi.
From the East, he was fascinated by the Javanese gamelan that he had heard at the1889 Paris Exposition. The gamelan is an
ensemble with bells, gongs, xylophone, and occasional vocal parts which he later used in his works to achieve a new sound. From the
visual arts, Debussy was influenced by Monet, Pissarro, Manet, Degas, and Renoir; and from the literary arts, by Mallarme, Verlaine,
and Rimbaud. Most of his close friends were painters and poets who significantly influenced his compositions. His role as the “Father of
the Modern School of Composition” made its mark in the styles of the later 20th century composers like Igor Stravinsky, Edgar Varese,
and Olivier Messiaen. Debussy spent the remaining years of his life as a critic, composer, and performer. He died in Paris on March 25,
1918 of cancer at the height of the First World War.

MAURICE RAVEL (1875–1937)

Joseph Maurice Ravel was born in Ciboure, France to a Basque mother and a Swiss
father. He entered the Paris Conservatory at the age of14 where he studied with the eminent
French composer Gabriel Faure. During his stint with the school where he stayed until his early
20’s, he had composed a number of masterpieces. The compositional style of Ravel is mainly
characterized by its uniquely innovative but notational style of harmonic treatment. It is defined
with intricate and sometimes modal melodies and extended chordal components. It demands
considerable technical virtuosity from the performer which is the character, ability, or skill of a
virtuoso—a person who excels in musical technique or execution.

The harmonic progressions and modulations are not only musically satisfying but also pleasantly
dissonant and elegantly sophisticated. His refined delicacy and color, contrasts and effects add to the
difficulty in the proper execution of the musical passages. These are extensively used in his works of a
programmatic nature; wherein visual imagery is either suggested or portrayed. Many of his works deal
with water in its flowing or stormy moods as well as with human characterizations.

Ravel’s works include the following:

 Pavane for a Dead Princess (1899), a slow but lyrical requiem
 Jeux d’Eau or Water Fountains (1901)
 String Quartet (1903)
 Sonatine for Piano (c.1904)
 Miroirs (Mirrors), 1905, a work for piano known for its harmonic evolution and imagination
 Gaspard de la Nuit (1908), a set of demonic-inspired pieces based on the poems of Aloysius Bertrand which is arguably the most
difficult piece in the piano repertoire. These were followed by a number of his other significant works, including Valses Nobles et
Sentimentales (1911)
  Le Tombeau de Couperin (c.1917), a commemoration of the musical advocacies of the early 18th century French composer
Francois Couperin,
 Rhapsodie Espagnole
 Bolero
 Daphnis et Chloe (1912), a ballet commissioned by master choreographer Sergei Diaghilev that contained rhythmic diversity,
evocation of nature and choral ensemble
 La Valse (1920), a waltz with a frightening undertone that had been composed for ballet and arranged as well as for solo and
duo piano.
 The two piano concerti composed in 1929 as well as the violin virtuosic piece Tzigane (1922) total the relatively meager
compositional output of Ravel, approximating 60 pieces for piano, chamber music, song cycles, ballet, and opera. Ravel was a
perfectionist and every bit a musical craftsman. He strongly adhered to the classical form, specifically its ternary structure. A
strong advocate of Russian music, he also admired the music of Chopin, Liszt, Schubert, and Mendelssohn. He died in Paris in
1937.

Comparative Styles of Debussy and Ravel

As the two major exponents of French Impressionism in music, Debussy and Ravel had crossed paths during their lifetime although
Debussy was thirteen years older than Ravel. While their musical works sound quite similar in terms of their harmonic and textural
characteristics, the two differed greatly in their personalities and approach to music. Whereas Debussy was more spontaneous and
liberal in form, Ravel was very attentive to the classical norms of musical structure and the compositional craftsmanship. Whereas
Debussy was more casual in his portrayal of visual imagery, Ravel was more formal and exacting in the development of his motive
ideas.

MAKING MEANING
Get to know the important terms that can help you better understand this lesson

A style of musical composition designed to create subtle moods and

Impressionism
impressions
Hazy Obscured or made dim or cloudy by or as if by haze
Basque A member of a people inhibiting the western Pyrenees on the Bay of Biscay
virtuoso A highly skilled musical performer

ACTIVITY 1. Look for Claude Debussy’s Clair de Lune in Youtube. As you listen to the music, draw or paint the emotions you feel. Use
different colors to convey your emotions. Use 11x8.5 bond paper for this activity

Rubric:
Good
Criteria Very Good (10 pts.) Average (4 pts.) Needs Improvement (2 pts.)
(6 pts.)
Performed the activity following the instructions
Produced an artwork that is an expression of how the
student felt at the time the music was played
Described clearly his or her experience of drawing while
he or she was listening to the music
Wrote intelligently about his or her observations and
experience of drawing while listening to the music
TOTAL POINTS

LESSON 2. EXPRESSIONISM IN MUSIC

Expressionism is an art movement that began in Germany during the 20th century. The term Expressionism was originally
borrowed from painting which intended to express strong emotion such as anxiety, anger, and feeling of isolation. In music, it is
characterized by subjectivity, dissonance, and atonality. It made use of polytonality (simultaneous use of two or more keys), and the
twelve-tone scale which was established by Arnold Schoenberg, the central figure of expressionism and one of the members of the
Second Viennese School. Schoenberg’s students Anton Webern and Alban Berg are also known expressionist composers.

LISTENING ACTIVITY

Listen to Igor Stravinsky’s Petrushka and Arnold Schoenberg’s Pierrot Lunaire

Which of the two compositions do you like best? Explain your answer
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ARNOLD SCHOENBERG (1874–1951)

Arnold Schoenberg was born in a working-class suburb of Vienna, Austria on September 13,
1874. Schoenberg was one of the most influential figures in music and founder of musical modernism of
the early 20th century. He taught himself music theory, but took lessons in counterpoint. German
composer Richard Wagner influenced his work as evidenced by his symphonic poem Pelleas et
Melisande, Op 5 (1903), a counterpoint of Debussy’s opera of the same title. Schoenberg’s style was
constantly undergoing development.
From the early influences of Wagner, his tonal preference gradually turned to the dissonant and
atonal, as he explored the use of chromatic harmonies. Although full of melodic and lyrical interest, his
music is also extremely complex, creating heavy demands on the listener. His works were met with
extreme reactions, either strong hostility from the general public or enthusiastic acclaim from his
supporters.

Schoenberg is credited with the establishment of the twelve-tone system. His works
include the following:
 Verklarte Nacht
 Three Pieces for Piano, op. 11
 Pierrot Lunaire
 Erwartung
 Gurreleider
 String Quartet in D Major
 Fantasia
 Verklarte Nacht (Transfigured Night, 1899), one of his earliest successful pieces, blends the lyricism, instrumentation, and
melodic beauty of Brahms with the chromaticism and construction of Wagner.

His musical compositions total more or less 213 which include concerti, orchestral music, piano music, operas, choral music, songs,
and other instrumental music. Schoenberg died on July 13, 1951 in Los Angeles, California, USA where he had settled since 1934.

IGOR STRAVINSKY (1882–1971)

Igor Stravinsky stands alongside fellow-composer Schoenberg, painter Pablo Picasso, and literary
figure James Joyce as one of the great trendsetters of the 20th century. He was born in Oranienbaum
(now Lomonosov), Russia on June17, 1882. Stravinsky’s early music reflected the influence of his
teacher, the Russian composer Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov. Butin his first successful masterpiece, The
Firebird Suite (1910), composed for Diaghilev’s Russian Ballet, his skillful handling of material and
rhythmic inventiveness went beyond anything composed by his Russian predecessors. He added a new
ingredient to his nationalistic musical style. The Rite of Spring (1913) was another outstanding work
which nearly triggered a riot upon its premier in 1913 and was later hailed for its revolutionary score. A
new level of dissonance was reached and the sense of tonality was practically abandoned. Asymmetrical
rhythms successfully portrayed the character of a solemn pagan rite. When he left the country for the
United States in 1939, Stravinsky slowly turned his back on Russian nationalism and cultivated his neo-
classical style. Stravinsky adapted the forms of the 18th century with his contemporary style of writing.
Despite its “shocking” modernity, his music is also very structured, precise, controlled, full of
artifice, and theatricality. Other outstanding works include the ballet Pétrouchka (1911), featuring shifting
rhythms and polytonality, a signature device of the composer. The Rake’s Progress (1951), a full-length opera, alludes heavily to the
Baroque and Classical styles of Bach and Mozart through the use of the harpsichord, small orchestra, solo and ensemble numbers with
recitatives stringing together the different songs. Stravinsky’s musical output approximates 127 works, including concerti, orchestral
music, instrumental music, operas, ballets, solo vocal, and choral music. Renard and Les Noces are two of his best known works in
Switzerland. He died in New York City on April 6, 1971.

MAKING MEANING
Get to know the important terms that can help you better understand this lesson

A theory or practice in art of seeking to depict the subjective emotions and

Expressionism
responses that objects and events arouse in the artist
retrograde Occurring or performed in a backward direction
 Changing or reversing the relative positions of the notes of a musical
inversion
interval, chord, or phrase.

ACTIVITY 2. Listen to the first movement of Pierrot Lunaire by Arnold Schoenberg. Draw or paint a face that will symbolize the music
that you will listen to using any art medium of your choice. Use the space below for your drawing. Give a title and a short explanation of
your artwork

Rubric:
Good
Criteria Very Good (10 pts.) Average (4 pts.) Needs Improvement (2 pts.)
(6 pts.)
Performed the activity following the instructions
Produced an artwork that is an expression of how the
student felt at the time the music was played
Described clearly his or her experience of drawing while
he or she was listening to the music
Wrote intelligently about his or her observations and
experience of drawing while listening to the music
TOTAL POINTS

ACTIVITY 3. Fill in the Venn Diagram below

IMPRESSIONISM EXPRESSIONISM

ACTIVITY 4. Practice and perform the song below. Use

improvised instruments and appropriate movements for
the song. Record your performance using any video
recording tool of your choice. (Deadline of
Submission: A week before the Preliminary Exam -
Date to be Announced)
Here is an example of an expressionist music written by Arnold Schoenberg. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gB4GUZfZYts (0:0 –
0:55 seconds)

THE SICK MOON FROM PIERROT LUNAIRE

NAME: ___________________________________________ DATE: _______________

GRADE AND SECTION: ______________________________ SCORE: ______________

QUIZ NUMBER 1 (MUSIC)

MUSIC OF THE 20TH CENTURY: IMPRESSIONISM AND EXPRESSIONISM

A. Identification

________________ 1. A theory or practice in art of seeking to depict the subjective emotions and responses that
objects and events arouse in the artist.
________________ 2. The most essential element of style in impressionist music is ___________.
________________ 3. Painting by Monet that paved way to impressionism
________________ 4. A musical scale with twelve pitches, each a semitone above or below its adjacent pitches
________________ 5. A style of musical composition designed to create subtle moods and impressions.
________________ 6. Who is considered the foremost impressionist?
________________ 7. A highly imaginative and atmospheric symphonic work for orchestra about the sea
________________ 8. The nationality most closely associated with the impressionist movement was ___________.
________________ 9. Expressionism in music is largely centered in ___________.
________________ 10. What kind of musical style is attributed to Schoenberg and Stravinsky
________________ 11. Arnold Schoenberg was the leader of what school?
________________ 12. A slow but lyrical requiem by Maurice Ravel.
________________ 13. A highly skilled musical performer
________________ 14. A commemoration of the musical advocacies of the early 18th century French composer
Francois Couperin
________________ 15. A virtuoso piano in three movements inspired by a poem that has a demonic and frightening
nature.
________________ 16. A waltz with a frightening undertone
________________ 17. Ravel’s work which reveal his perfect mastery of art instrumentation.
________________ 18. Translate the word “moonlight” in French
________________ 19. Expressionist music is often based on the psychology of the unconscious (True or False)
________________ 20. A ballet commissioned by master choreographer Sergei Diaghilev that contained rhythmic
diversity, evocation of nature and choral ensemble

B. Fill in the blanks

1. ___________________ is an art movement that began in Germany during the 20th century.
2. The twelve-tone scale was established by ___________________.
3. ___________________ is the most popular and influential 20th – century Russian composer, pianist, and conductor.
4. One of the most influential figures in music and founder of musical modernism of the early 20th century is
___________________.
5. ___________________ is a composition of Stravinsky which nearly triggered a riot upon its premier in 1913.

C. Name the composer of each musical piece by writing CD for Claude Debussy, MR for Maurice Ravel, AS for Arnold Schoenberg,
and IS for Igor Stravinsky.

________ 1. Clair de Lune

________ 2. Pavane for a Dead Princess
________ 3. Erwartung
________ 4. Miroirs
________ 5. Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun
________ 6. Bolero
________ 7. Pétrouchka
________ 8. La Mer
________ 9. Ariettes Oubliées
________ 10. Fantasia
________ 11. Sonatine for Piano
________ 12. Water Fountains
________ 13. The Rite of Spring
 ________ 14. Pelléas et Mélisande
________ 15. Les Noces

Prepared by: EDRIAN R DOMINGO

Subject Teacher

ANSWER KEY

PRE ASSESSMENT
1. C 6. B 11. A 16. D 21. C
2. A 7. A 12. A 17. A 22. D
3. A 8. C 13. B 18. C 23. C
4. A 9. C 14. D 19. C 24. D
5. B 10. B 15. B 20. D 25. C

ACTIVITY 5. Venn Diagram

IMPRESSIONISM EXPRESSIONISM
An art movement that originated in the late 19 th century A movement that originated in the early 20th century in
in Paris as an artistic reaction of the rapidly changing Germany and Austria as an artistic response to the
environment dehumanizing effects of industrialization
This movement was derived from Claude Monet’s Both The term Expressionism was originally borrowed from
painting entitled Impression, Sunrise in 1872. This expressionis painting which intended to express strong emotion such
style, borrowed from painting, tries to capture an m and as anxiety, anger, and feeling of isolation.
immediate impression of a subject with the use of light impressionis
and color. m are major
movements
In music, Impressionism was started by Debussy in which broke In music, it is characterized by subjectivity, dissonance,
reaction to the dramatic emotionalism of romantic away from the and atonality.
music. traditional
It abandoned the traditional major and minor harmonies school of art It made use of polytonality (simultaneous use of two or
and used new combination of extended chords, whole- and music. more keys), and the twelve-tone scale which was
tone chords, chromaticism, and exotic rhythm and established by
scale. It also characterized by overlapping of different
chords, unresolved dissonances, rich orchestral color,
and free rhythm.
The foremost proponents of impressionistic movement Arnold Schoenberg, the central figure of expressionism
include the French composers Claude Debussy and and one of the members of the Second Viennese
Maurice Ravel who developed a particular style in School.
music.
Some of the notable composer in other countries were Schoenberg’s students Anton Webern and Alban Berg
Ottorino Respighi from Italy, Manuel de Falla and Isaac are also known expressionist composers
Albeniz from Spain, and Ralph Vaughan Williams from
England.

QUIZ NUMBER 1 (MUSIC)

MUSIC OF THE 20TH CENTURY: IMPRESSIONISM AND EXPRESSIONISM

A. Identification 9. Germany 16. La Valse

1. Expressionism 10. Expressionism 17. Bolero
2. Scoring 11. Second Viennese 18. Clair de Lune
3. Impression, Sunrise School 19. True
4. Chromatic/ Twelve- 12. Pavane for a Dead 20. Daphnis et Chloe
tone Scale Princess
5. Impressionism 13. Virtuoso B. Fill in the Blanks
6. Claude Debussy 14. Le Tombeau de 1. Expressionism
7. La Mer Couperin 2. Arnold Schoenberg
8. French 15. Gaspard de la Nuit 3. Igor Stravinsky
 4. Arnold Schoenberg
5. The Rite of Spring

C. Multiple Choice
1. CD
2. MR
3. SA
4. MR
5. CD
6. MR
7. IS
8. CD
9. CD
10. AS
11. MR
12. MR
13. IS
14. CD
15. IS