Diamond Battery

DIAMOND BATTERY:
The battery is said to power space equipment in rockets. It can power the electrical needs of
space crafts, like providing power to cockpits and assisting launch into the upper atmosphere.
A California-based company NDB has made a self-charging battery by trapping carbon-14 (C14)
nuclear waste in artificial diamond-case. The company claims the battery can run for 28,000
years on a single charge.
The US-based company says that the battery can be used in electric vehicles, mobile phones,
laptops, tablets, drones, watches, cameras, health monitors and even sensors. It is also said to be
extremely safe and tamper proof as it is coated with non-radioactive diamond which prevents
radiation leaks.
The battery works by generating electricity on its own from a shower of electrons as result of
radioactive decay scattered and deposited in the artificial diamond-case.
The company wants to further purify the nuclear waste to make the battery even more powerful,
and use it to make computer chips and Nano devices. With the purer C14 nuclear waste, NDB
plans to make Nano Diamond Battery
NDB estimates 34 million cubic meters of global nuclear waste will cost over $100 billion to
manage and dispose. And a lot of this waste is graphite that is one of the higher risk radioactive
waste and one of the most expensive and problematic waste to store.
The company says its battery can be used to power houses, and that any excess electricity
generated can be sold to the grid. And, as the new battery need not be replaced, it can be installed
in hard to reach places like pacemakers and implants, where regular change of battery is not
possible.
Another area of use is space electronics. The battery is said to power space equipment in rockets.
It can power the electrical needs of space crafts, like providing power to cockpits and assisting
launch into the upper atmosphere. During this period NDB can be used to power
communications, console controls as well as any other auxiliary electrical needs. Once it is no
longer needed by the rocket, it can be used to power satellites and space stations.
QUESTION 1. Explain PCT and Convention application?
Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT)
The Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) makes it possible to seek patent protection for an invention
simultaneously in each of a large number of countries by filing an "international" patent
application. Such an application may be filed by anyone who is a national or resident of a PCT
Contracting State. It may generally be filed with the national patent office of the Contracting
State of which the applicant is a national or resident or, at the applicant's option, with the
International Bureau of WIPO in Geneva.
The granting of patents remains under the national or regional legislation of the national or
regional patent offices. It is called the “national phase”.
In the national phase, each patent office is responsible for processing the application in
accordance with its national patent laws, and for deciding whether to grant patent protection. The
time required for that processing varies across patent offices.
CONVENTION APPLICATION
Convention application refers to a patent application filed in accordance with the terms of an

international patent treaty like the Patent Cooperation Treaty. The Patent Cooperation Treaty is
an international agreement for filing patent applications.
An application for patent filed in the Patent Office, claiming a priority date based on the same or
substantially similar application filed in one or more of the convention countries, is called a
convention application. In order to get convention status, an applicant should file the application
in the Indian Patent Office within 12 months from the date of first filing of a similar application
in the convention country.

QUESTION 2. What is the difference between PCT and Convention
application?
PCT application has high filing fee as a comparison to Convention filing and with the same
amount applicant cane file more than two to three Convention applications. So, when an
applicant has a tight budget and wants to secure patent protection in only a few countries, then it
is better to go with Convention Application.
In comparison with Convention Application, PCT application takes time in grant so when an
applicant wants to protect his/her invention in very less time than it is better to go for Convention
Application.
The need for filing Convention Application arises when an applicant wants to secure his/her
rights in non-PCT member countries like in Argentina, Pakistan, Taiwan, Kuwait, Jordan,
Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Ethiopia, Eritrea then can go only with direct filing.
So filing of Convention Application or PCT Application depends upon business strategies, and
for fulfilling business strategies applicant generally adopt both filing options as per their need, so
it all depend on, where applicant want to protect his/her rights. PCT provides a platform where
with a single application applicant can file his/her application in all PCT member countries.
It is often seen that filing strategies are a very complex task so, it is better to consult with the
patent attorney and try to communicate about commercial and business planning so that better
protection can be made.
QUESTION 3. What is the difference between Filling Date and Priority Date?
The terms filing date and priority date are often used interchangeably, but they are not the same.
The filing date is the date when a patent application is first filed at a patent office. The priority
date, sometimes called the “effective filing date”, is the date used to establish the novelty and/or
obviousness of a particular invention relative to other art.
The priority date may be earlier than the actual filing date of an application. If an application

claims priority to an earlier parent application, then its priority date may be the same as the
parent.
There are a number of situations where a patent application may claim priority to an earlier
application. These include:
Continuation applications (including continuations, divisionals, and CIPs). A patent application

may claim priority to an earlier filed parent application. When this occurs, the priority date of the
new application is usually the same as the priority date of the parent application.
Domestic applications based on foreign or international filings. If a patent application is first

filed in a foreign country, or as an international (PCT) application, and then filed domestically
(usually within a year the foreign or international filing), then the application that is filed
domestically may claim the filing date of the application in the foreign country as its priority
date.
Patent filings based on US provisional patent applications. In the US, an applicant may file a
provisional patent application, and then file a full-length application within one year. In this case,
the priority date for the full-length application is the date of the provisional application filing.
In many cases, a patent application claims priority to a series of applications. For example, a
continuation application may claim priority to a parent utility application, which claims priority
to a US provisional application. The new application may then claim priority to the first filed
application in the series, which in this case, is the provisional application.
If a patent application is an original, non-provisional patent application, not a continuation

application, and not previously filed in another country, its filing date is usually the same as
its priority date.

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DIAMOND BATTERY:

Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT)

Convention application refers to a patent application filed in accordance with the terms of an

The priority date may be earlier than the actual filing date of an application. If an application

Continuation applications (including continuations, divisionals, and CIPs). A patent application

Domestic applications based on foreign or international filings. If a patent application is first

If a patent application is an original, non-provisional patent application, not a continuation

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