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    CM TB Answers C17

    Uploaded by

    khalil rehman

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    CM TB Answers C17

    Uploaded by

    khalil rehman
    2K views3 pages

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    2K views3 pages

    CM TB Answers C17

    Uploaded by

    khalil rehman

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    You are on page 1of 3

    nd

    Chemistry Matters for GCE ‘O’ Level (2 Edition): Textbook Answers Chapter 17

    Chapter 17 Energy Changes

    Test Yourself 17.1 (page 334)

    1. Ÿ It is an exothermic reaction.
    Ÿ Heat is transferred from the reactants to the surroundings.
    Ÿ The temperature of the reaction mixture rises.

    2. (a)

    (b) This is an endothermic reaction because energy in the form of heat is taken in to break down
    hydrogen fluoride into hydrogen and fluorine.

    Test Yourself 17.2 (page 338)

    1. (a) Positive
    (b) Positive
    (c) Positive
    (d) Positive
    (e) Negative

    2. (a) Total energy absorbed for bond breaking = 945 + (3 × 436)


    = 2253 kJ

    Total energy released during bond making = 2 × (3 × 391)


    = 2346 kJ

    ∆H = 2253 – 2346 = –93 kJ

    (b)

    © 2013 Marshall Cavendish International (Singapore) Private Limited

    17.1
    nd
    Chemistry Matters for GCE ‘O’ Level (2 Edition): Textbook Answers Chapter 17

    Test Yourself 17.3 (page 340)

    (a) H2(g) + Cl2(g) 2HCl(g)


    (b) UV light provides the activation energy needed to start the chemical reaction between hydrogen and
    chlorine.
    (c) The reaction should be exothermic because heat is produced when the mixture of hydrogen and
    chlorine reacts explosively.
    (d)

    Test Yourself 17.4 (page 344)

    1. Similarities:
    • Both are exothermic reactions.
    • Oxygen is required in both reactions.

    Differences:
    • In combustion, light energy is also liberated. In rusting, no light energy is involved.
    • Rusting is a slow reaction compared to combustion.
    • Combustion requires oxygen only whereas rusting requires both oxygen and water.
    [Any one answer]

    2. (a) A hydrogen–oxygen fuel cell is a chemical cell which uses hydrogen as the fuel.
    Hydrogen and oxygen is passed through a chemical cell containing carbon electrodes.
    An electric current is produced by the following reactions at the electrodes.
    – –
    At the cathode : O2(g) + 2H2O(l) + 4e g 4OH (aq)
    – –
    At the anode : 2H2(g) + 4OH (aq) g 4H2O(l) + 4e
    Overall reaction: O2(g) + 2H2(g) g 2H2O(l)
    (b) Ÿ No pollutants are formed as water is the only product.
    Ÿ Hydrogen is a renewable source of energy.

    © 2013 Marshall Cavendish International (Singapore) Private Limited

    17.2
    nd
    Chemistry Matters for GCE ‘O’ Level (2 Edition): Textbook Answers Chapter 17

    (c)

    (d) The energy required to break the bonds in the hydrogen and oxygen molecules is less than the
    energy given out during the formation of O–H bonds. Hence this reaction is exothermic.

    Get it Right (page 346)

    (a) False. Both chemical reactions and physical processes undergo exothermic and endothermic
    changes.
    (b) False. In exothermic reactions, the products have less energy than the reactants.
    (c) True
    (d) True
    (e) True
    (f) False. Activation energy is the minimum amount of energy that colliding particles must possess in
    order for a reaction to proceed.
    (g) False. ∆H is always negative for the combustion of fuels.
    –
    (h) False. In the hydrogen–oxygen fuel cell, oxygen is reduced to form OH ions at the positive
    electrode.

    © 2013 Marshall Cavendish International (Singapore) Private Limited

    17.3

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